Norton Theorem
Norton Theorem
Norton Theorem
IN RN RL
In= Isc from replacing RL with an electric wire (resistance = 0) and find
the current
Rn = RTH (by looking into the opened connections that we remove RL,
see how much resistance from the connections. If we see a voltage source,
we short circuit. If we see a current source, we open circuit.)
Example
Find Norton’s equivalent circuit
and find the current that passes through RL when RL = 1Ω
2Ω 10Ω
10V 3Ω RL
2Ω
Find In
2Ω 10Ω
10V 3Ω Isc
2Ω
3
12
Find R total 2
3
||
(
10
2
)
2
4
.4
3
12
Find I total V10
I 2
.
27A
R4 .
4
3
Current divider I
SC 2
.
27
0.
45A
3
12
Find Rn
2Ω 10Ω
10V 3Ω
2Ω
RTH 10 2 || 3 2
Short voltage source 23
10 2
23
2Ω 10Ω 13.2
3Ω
RTH
2Ω
Norton’s equivalent circuit
0.45 13.2 RL
13.2
If RL = 1Ω, the current is 0.45 0.418 A
13.2 1
Example
Find Norton’s equivalent circuit
2Ω 10Ω
1A 3Ω RL
2Ω
Find In
2Ω 10Ω
1A 3Ω Isc
2Ω
3
Current divider I
SC 1
0.
2A
3
12
Find RTH
2Ω 10Ω
1A 3Ω
2Ω
3Ω
RTH
2Ω
Norton’s equivalent circuit
0.2 15 RL