Brick Bond

BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION
TOPIC:- BRICK MASONRY

1. Some Important Terms Used In
Masonary :
1. STRETCHER:
A brick, laid with its length horizontal and parallel with
the face of the wall or other masonary member is called a
"Stretcher" and a course, in which, all the bricks are laid as
Stretchers is called a “Stretching course" or "Stretcher
course".
2. HEADER:
A brick laid, so that only its end shows on the face of a
wall is called a "Header" and a course, in which all the
bricks are laid as headers, is known as "Heading Course"
or "Header course“.
3. BOND:
Bond is the arrangement of bricks or stones in each
course, so as to ensure the greatest possible interlocking
and to avoid the continuity of vertical joints in two
successive courses, both on the face and in the body of a
wall.
4. COURSE:
Each horizontal layer of bricks laid in mortar in a brick
work is called a "course".
5. BRICK BATS :
The pieces of bricks, cut across their length and having
width equivalent to that of a full or half brick are called
"Brick bats“.
6. QUEEN CLOSER:
Queen closer is a brick, which is half as wide as full brick
and is made by cutting a whole brick lengthwise into two
portions.
These are generally used next to the Quoin header for
creating bonds in brickwork.
7. KING CLOSER:
A brick, whose one diagonal piece is cut off one corner
by a vertical plane passing through the center of one end to
the center of one side.
8. BEVELED CLOSER:
A brick cut longitudinally along a vertical plane,
starting at the middle of one end to the far corner.
One quarter of the brick is cut off in this way.
9. BULLNOSE :
A brick with rounded corners is called a “Bull Nose
Brick”
10. FROG
Froged bricks shall have depressions in one or
more bed faces but their total volume shall not
exceed 20% of gross volume of a brick.
BRICK MASONARY
BRICK MASONARY
 Bond is the arrangement of bricks in each
course, so as to ensure the greatest possible
interlocking and to avoid the continuity of vertical
joints in two successive courses, both on the face.
 and in the body of a wall.
TYPES OF BRICKS
 Bricks used in masonary

can be of two types:-
(1) Traditional bricks.
(2) Modular bricks.
TYPES OF BRICK JOINTS
 WEATHERED
 CONCAVE
 VEE
 FLUSH
 RAKED
 STRIPPED
 STRUCK
RULES FOR BONDING
Rule-1
The bricks should be of uniform size. The length of the brick should be
twice its width plus one joint, so that uniform lap is obtained. Good bond is
not possible if lap is non-uniform.
Rule-2
The amount of lap should be minimum ¼ brick length along the length of
the wall and ½ brick length across the thickness of the wall.
Rule-3
Avoid using brick bats unless it is necessary or required in special locations.
Rule-4
In alternate courses, the center line of header should coincide with the
center line of the stretcher, in the course below or above it.
Rule-5
The vertical joints in the alternate courses should be along
the same vertical axis.
Rule-6
The stretcher should be used only in the facing; they
should not be used in the hearting. Hearting should be
done in headers only.
Rule-7
It is preferable to provide every sixth course as a header
course on both the sides of the wall.
TYPES OF BONDS
1) Stretching Bond
2) Heading Bond
3) English Bond
4) Flemish Bond (i) Double Flemish Bond
(ii) Single Flemish Bond
1.STRETCHING BOND
 The bond in which all the bricks are laid as stretchers in
every course is called "Stretching bond”.
2.HEADING BOND
 The bond in which all the

bricks are laid as headers
in every course of a wall is
called "Heading bond".
 This bond is commonly

used for constructing
staining of wells, footings
of walls and columns,
corbels, cornices, etc.
3.ENGLISH BOND
 This bond consists of headers and stretchers laid in
alternative courses.
 It is strongest of all the bonds.
 It provides rough appearance especially for one brick
thick walls.
 There are no noticeable continuous vertical joints in
the structure built in this bond.
 Much attention is not required in providing this bond.
 Progress of work is more.
4.FLEMISH BOND
 The bond, in which
headers and stretchers
are laid alternately in
the same course, is
called "Flemish bond".
 Two types Flemish bond:-

(i) Double Flemish Bond:-
(ii) Single Flemish Bond:-
(i) Double Flemish Bond:-
 The bond in which headers and stretchers are laid
alternately in each course, both in the face and back of
the wall, is called Double Flemish Bond.
(ii) Single Flemish Bond:-
 The bond provided in a wall with Flemish bond in
facing and English bond in backing is called "Single
Flemish bond" or "Cross bond".
 This bond combines the advantages of both English and
Flemish bonds and simultaneously eliminates their
disadvantages.
Sr
No. English Bonds Flemish bond
1 This bond consists of headers and stretchers This bond consists of headers and
laid in alternative courses. stretchers laid alternatively in each
course.
2 It is strongest of all the bonds. It is less strong for walls having
thickness more than 30cm.
3 It provides rough appearance especially for It provides good appearance for all
one brick thick walls. thickness of walls.
4 There are no noticeable continuous vertical There are partly continuous vertical
joints in the structure built in this bond. joints in the structure built in this bond.
5 Much attention is not required in providing Special attention is required in providing
this bond. this bond.
6 Progress of work is more. Progress of work is less.
COMPARISON BETWEEN BRICK MASONARY AND STONE
MASONARY
(1) Stone is stronger and more durable than brick and for
public buildings; it is decidedly more suitable than brick. It
reflects strength in every inch of it. It is in tune with
nature. Its color improves and looks more serene with age.
On the other hand, brick is an artificial product made as a
copy of stone. It is flimsy material and plastering is only a
camouflage for its defects.
(2) Stone is water proof. On the other hand, Brick
absorbs moisture and with dampness certain salts rise in
the walls from the ground and cause disintegration of
bricks.
Especially brick should not be allowed to come in contact
with sewage and in such places it must always be covered
with cement plaster or any other protective coat.
(3) Brick offers greater facility for ornamental work in
plaster as a rough shape can first be given to it by means of
any tool. This is not so in case of stones.
(4) Plaster does not stick so well to stones as it does to
brick.
(5) On account of the regular shape and uniform size of brick,
a proper bond can be obtained with comparative ease.
(6) Due to the handy size of brick, brick masonary can be
more rapidly constructed than stone masonary.
(7) Brick wall requires a fixed quantity of mortar and
even with careless masons, the regular shape of the brick
considerably reduces the possibility of hollows being left in
the body of the wall. This is not so with some stone walls.

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BUILDING

TOPIC:- BRICK MASONRY

 Bricks used in masonary

 The bond in which all the

 This bond is commonly

 Two types Flemish bond:-

 The bond provided in a wall with Flemish bond in

facing and English bond in backing is called "Single

Flemish bond" or "Cross bond".

 This bond combines the advantages of both English and

Flemish bonds and simultaneously eliminates their

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