Chapter 01 Tenses
Chapter 01 Tenses
Chapter 01 Tenses
Par Mr Y.HIMOUR
L3 AII
Objectifs de l’enseignement :
Décrire le matériel automatique, son fonctionnement et ses
applications, s’exprimer sur l’automatique en général, utiliser la
technologie adéquate et les structures grammaticales adaptées,
approfondir sa culture générale, comprendre un document d’actualité
et intérêt général.
• Chapitre 1. Rappel des règles grammaticales anglaises : (3 semaines) Rappel des
règles grammaticales anglaises.
• Chapitre 2. Terminologie utilisée dans le domaine de l’automatique : (3
semaines)
Terminologie utilisée dans le domaine de l’automatique, l’utilisation de tutoriels
techniques.
• Chapitre 3. Etude de textes techniques : (3 semaines) Etude de textes technique
dans le domaine de l’automatique, la lecture d’article scientifique ou généraux.
• Chapitre 4. Le travail sur des supports de technologie variés : (2 semaines)
• Chapitre 5. Techniques de présentation de rapports et mémoires de synthèse :
(4 semaines)
Simple present
• Indicators
• Always, Whenever, Everyday, Usually, Often, Frequently, Sometimes,
Rarely, Occasionally, Never.
• Form
I study read
You study read
He / She / it studies reads
We study read
They study read
Simple present
• Negative form
Subject+ Do/Does + not +Verb : I do not drive
• Interrogative form
Subject + Do / Does + Subject + Verb : Do you drive
Simple past
Examples
• When I’m retired, I’m going to travel.
• Next week, we will work on punctuation.
• He is going to get his car fixed tomorrow.
Future
Indicators
• Tomorrow, Next (Saturday, week, month, year, etc.)
Form 1 : will + verb Form 2: am/is/are+going+verb
Immediate decisions made at the Very soon and evident Plans you have
moment of speaking, promises, offers decided to do
I will stay I am going to stay
You will stay You are going to stay
He/She/It will stay He/ She / It is going to stay
We will stay We are going to stay
They will stay They are going to stay
Present continuous
The present continuous is used
• When an activity is in progress now at the moment of speaking
I’m explaining something to the class right now.
• When an activity began before now and continues into the future without stopping.
He’s taking 16 credits this semester.
• When an activity is temporary.
I’am eating.
• When an activity is developing and changing.
She is understanding English more and more because she moved into the dorm.
Present coninuous
Indicators : Right now, at this moment, Still, This (year, week, month,
etc)
Present perfect
Present perfect is used
• When an activity happened at an unspecified time in the past (before
the present)
• When an activity has been repeated several times before now
• When an activity was very recently completed before now
• When an activity is not completed in the past
Present perfect
Examples
• (unspecified time before now) They have already seen that movie.
• (repeated activity before now) We have visited New York City many
times.
• (an action has recently been completed before now) I have just
eaten.
• (action not completed in the past) I have studied Spanish for many
years.
The rain has not stopped yet.
Present perfect
Indicators :
Before, Ever, Never, So far, Already, Yet, Just, Recently, For, Since.
Not to use with : Yesterday, Ago, Last (month, year …), One day.
• Form
have or has + past participle
finish Grow
I Have finished Have grown
You Have finished Have grown
She/He/it Has finished has grown
We Have finished Have grown
They Have finished Have grown
Present perfect
• Negative form
Subj + Haven’t / Hasen’t + past participle
• Interogative form Have/Has + Subject + past participle
Present perfect continuous
This tense is used to describe actions that have been continuously in
progress before now. These actions are not completed.
Example:
I have been waiting here for the last two hours.
Form:
have or has + been + (verb+ing)
Past continuous
This tense is used to refer to activities continuously in progress around
a time in the past. Or when the referred action could be interrupted by
an other action.
Example:
• They where debating a scientific article.
• They were eating when the taxi arrived.
Form: was or were + verbing
Past perfect
• This tense is not used a lot. It can often be used interchangeably with
the simple past because these tenses do not differ much in meaning.
The past perfect tense refers to activities that happened before a
specific time in the past.
Already, Yet, Still, Since, for can be used with this tense
• Example,
He had visited her many times before she died.
Form: had + past participle
Past perfect continuous
2.
I'm going to make dinner for Frank.
I'm making dinner for Judy.
I'll make dinner for Mary.
I make dinner for Ted.
I will be making dinner for Tony.