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    Traditional/vernacular Ethiopian Architecture: Yemisirach G

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    Eyuel
    The document discusses traditional Ethiopian vernacular architecture, summarizing key features of different ethnic groups' house construction styles. These include using locally available natural materials like bamboo, wood, stone and mud. Houses are designed according to climate and needs. For example, the Dorze people build bamboo structures resembling woven baskets. The Tigray build with stone and mud. The Oromo construct wooden cylindrical homes. Vernacular architecture emphasizes sustainability, cultural traditions and environmental adaptation.

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    Traditional/vernacular Ethiopian Architecture: Yemisirach G

    Uploaded by

    Eyuel
    94 views30 pages
    The document discusses traditional Ethiopian vernacular architecture, summarizing key features of different ethnic groups' house construction styles. These include using locally available natural materials like bamboo, wood, stone and mud. Houses are designed according to climate and needs. For example, the Dorze people build bamboo structures resembling woven baskets. The Tigray build with stone and mud. The Oromo construct wooden cylindrical homes. Vernacular architecture emphasizes sustainability, cultural traditions and environmental adaptation.

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    The document discusses traditional Ethiopian vernacular architecture, summarizing key features of different ethnic groups' house construction styles. These include using locally available natural materials like bamboo, wood, stone and mud. Houses are designed according to climate and needs. For example, the Dorze people build bamboo structures resembling woven baskets. The Tigray build with stone and mud. The Oromo construct wooden cylindrical homes. Vernacular architecture emphasizes sustainability, cultural traditions and environmental adaptation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    94 views30 pages

    Traditional/vernacular Ethiopian Architecture: Yemisirach G

    Uploaded by

    Eyuel
    The document discusses traditional Ethiopian vernacular architecture, summarizing key features of different ethnic groups' house construction styles. These include using locally available natural materials like bamboo, wood, stone and mud. Houses are designed according to climate and needs. For example, the Dorze people build bamboo structures resembling woven baskets. The Tigray build with stone and mud. The Oromo construct wooden cylindrical homes. Vernacular architecture emphasizes sustainability, cultural traditions and environmental adaptation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    Traditional/vernacular Ethiopian

    architecture
    Yemisirach G.
    Vernacular architecture
    • Vernacular architecture is a term used to categorize method of construction
    using traditional knowledge and ingenious locally available resources to
    address local needs.
    •  It is closely related to its context and is aware of the specific geographic
    features and cultural aspects of its surroundings,
    • two major attributes associated with vernacular architecture:
    • Tradition ; that it originates from specific ethnic groups and is a result of a long
    process over time, always based on familiar forms established by previous
    generations.
    • Contextualization; respects local conditions, highlighting its great sensitivity to
    the geographical context of the surroundings, including climate, vegetation, and
    topography.
     Benefits of vernacular architecture

    • Capitalizing on local knowledge and traditions.


    • Taking advantage of local materials and resources, meaning
    that they are relatively energy efficient and sustainable.
    • Providing a vital connection between humans and the 
    environment in which they live.
    • They can be designed specifically with the loca climatic 
    conditions in mind, and often perform well.
    Ethiopian vernacular typologies
    • the characteristics of supporting
    framework Ethiopian house can
    be divided into three
    • Rigid element
    • Flexible element(planted to the
    ground at one end)
    • Flexible element (planted to the
    ground at both)
    Ethiopian vernacular typologies

    Construction material
    • Structure – stone , wood , adobe
    • Twining/ typing ; rope, plant twigs
    • Weaving ; bamboo and grass
    Dorze house
    • The Dorze are a small sedentary ethnic group living in
    the Arba Minch area of southern Ethiopia
    • Their architecture is built almost entirely with split
    bamboo
    • The diameter and height of these structures easily
    attain 8 m.
    • The Dorze are renowned for their weaving
    craftsmanship, shown even in their dwellings,
    resembling round woven baskets
    • The vertical bamboo sticks are simply embedded in
    the ground, and the elaborate weaving pattern is
    designed for a peaked dome shape.
    Tigray house
    • there are two major
    types of traditional
    house.
    • One is a conically roofed
    circular house(chife
    house),
    • and the other is a flat-
    roofed rectangular house
    (Farmers house)
    Tigray house
    Farmers house
    • the midirbet; all purpose living and sleeping area where the family eats,
    communes and sleeps.
    • the wushate ; an area for storage and cooking. there are well defined
    partitions using kofo: a string of built in grain stores
    • Material; the abundance of various types of rocks and the scarcity of other
    materials caused Tigray.
    • monkey head system of construction large well dressed stones at the corners
    and small stones joined together with chika(mud).
    The tigray- chief’s house
    •  residences for the rich, governors, high priests and soldiers.
    •  two storied cylinder is topped by a very wide almost flat cone like roofs
    with extending eaves.
    • Blackstone (basalt, found in abundance in the northern provinces) is used
    for foundation.
    • Trachyte, a soft ,greyish rock is used for the main wall. chika (MUD) is
    used as mortar.
    The tigray- chief’s house
    • the windows, doors, lintels, floors and ceilings are carved out of wood
    and make up the main expenses for these houses.
    • Construction; The foundation trenches are dug with generous
    dimensions and filled in with basalt which doesn’t absorb water
    • Simple masonry construction is used for the walls with ends at every
    floor with a shelf to stop rain from washing down the walls and
    damaging the chika(MUD) mortar.
    Sidama House
    • The Sidama house is a unique beehive shaped
    structure that is finished by fixing a layer of
    undifferentiated woven bamboo onto the
    structure
    • Most of the houses have two entrance. The
    back entrance is meant for use by the cattle and
    sheep while the front entrance by the people.
    • Traditionally the house has 3 parts; the
    residential, the cooking space and the ‘Arkata’
    for a cattle and crop store
    Afar house
    • Their life style have Nomadic structure
    • Use of light weight material that are easy to transport
    • These houses used by the nomads in Afar are erected,
    dismantled and loaded on to the camels by the women.
    • The construction methods are not labor intensive only
    three up to seven people can assemble the ‘Ari’.
    • Their economy is dependent on animal husbandry which
    force them to give higher emphasis to their cattle. The
    spaces is arranged in a way the central plat is devoted to
    their cattle in order to protect them from unknown harm.
    Oromo House
    • their cultural values affect their 
    functional organization of space
    • doors open toward the center of the
    complex the most important space in house
    • to the left of the entrance there is an area
    reserved for calves
    • the entire room is not subdivided but is felt
    as one room with low partitions
    • the bed is kept close to the center adjacent
    to low partition walls.
    Oromo House
    • Highly textured using wood and grass and somehow
    smoothing the chika (mud)mortar
    • Has a cylindrical shape hut with the conical roof on top
    • Material use for construction is wood, chika/clay, grass -
    sembelet- a preferred type of grass for the project
    • Tusha- a rope made of sembelet used to tie grass to the roof
    frames.
    • Central pole carries all the detaching beams to the outer
    columns.-a framework of split eucalyptus poles set in the ground
    (quami).
    • Horizontal and diagonal braces are ten tied to the vertical
    member(mager ) thus creating a very sturdy wall
    • Utensils are used not only as kitchen but are also placed on top of
    the hut at the end of construction as decoration.
    Konso house
    • Konso possess the skill of stone terracing.
    • the ground is divided into two levels, the lower called alhatta and the
    upper,oida
    • On the lower level there are huts (kosa and laaga) for the livestock and
    for storing sorghum and other harvested crops
    • Living quarters are built on the upper level
    • older children and unmarried daughters stay in a separate aleeda.
    • Konso vernacular houses are divided into three major parts
    • (1) those which serve as a storage housing
    • (2) Dewellings
    • (3) social service housing
    History of Modern Ethiopian cities
    and Architecture
    Yemisirach G.
    •History of Addis Ababa city
    Character of Addis Ababa historical building
    Character of Addis Ababa historical building
    Character of Addis Ababa historical building
    Building construction method and material

    • Wood
    • Stone
    • Adobe
    • Thank you

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