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    Project:-4 Newton'S Forward and Backward Difference Interpolation Formula

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    Ankita Pradhan
    This document discusses Newton's forward and backward difference interpolation formulae. Newton's forward formula approximates a function value at an interior point using a polynomial constructed from the forward differences of the function values at given data points. Newton's backward formula similarly uses backward differences to construct an approximating polynomial. Both methods provide good approximations that depend on the polynomial degree and spacing of data points. The document outlines the steps to compute the forward/backward differences and use the appropriate formula to interpolate a function value between two data points.

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    Project:-4 Newton'S Forward and Backward Difference Interpolation Formula

    Uploaded by

    Ankita Pradhan
    430 views7 pages
    This document discusses Newton's forward and backward difference interpolation formulae. Newton's forward formula approximates a function value at an interior point using a polynomial constructed from the forward differences of the function values at given data points. Newton's backward formula similarly uses backward differences to construct an approximating polynomial. Both methods provide good approximations that depend on the polynomial degree and spacing of data points. The document outlines the steps to compute the forward/backward differences and use the appropriate formula to interpolate a function value between two data points.

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    This document discusses Newton's forward and backward difference interpolation formulae. Newton's forward formula approximates a function value at an interior point using a polynomial constructed from the forward differences of the function values at given data points. Newton's backward formula similarly uses backward differences to construct an approximating polynomial. Both methods provide good approximations that depend on the polynomial degree and spacing of data points. The document outlines the steps to compute the forward/backward differences and use the appropriate formula to interpolate a function value between two data points.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    430 views7 pages

    Project:-4 Newton'S Forward and Backward Difference Interpolation Formula

    Uploaded by

    Ankita Pradhan
    This document discusses Newton's forward and backward difference interpolation formulae. Newton's forward formula approximates a function value at an interior point using a polynomial constructed from the forward differences of the function values at given data points. Newton's backward formula similarly uses backward differences to construct an approximating polynomial. Both methods provide good approximations that depend on the polynomial degree and spacing of data points. The document outlines the steps to compute the forward/backward differences and use the appropriate formula to interpolate a function value between two data points.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    PROJECT:-4

    NEWTON’S FORWARD AND BACKWARD


    DIFFERENCE INTERPOLATION FORMULA

    PRESENTED BY :-
    NAME – V SAI MANASA
    REG.NO - 210101120040
    SEC - A
    BRANCH :-COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

    GUIDED BY :- Dr. BANITA MALLIK


    NEWTON’S FORWARD INTERPOLATION FORMULA :-

    • Newton's Forward Difference Interpolation Formula is a method for approximating a


    value of a function at a point within a given interval using a polynomial of degree n.
    • It is based on the idea of constructing a polynomial by using the divided difference
    of the function values at the given data points.

    • The formula can be expressed as:


    f(x) = f(x0) + (x - x0) Δf(x0,x1) + (x - x0)(x - x1) Δ²f(x0,x1,x2) + ... + (x - x0)(x -
    x1)...(x - xn-1) Δⁿf(x0,x1,...,xn)

    • Newton's Forward Difference Interpolation Formula provides a good approximation


    of the value of a function at an intermediate point within the given interval.
    NEWTON’S BACKWARD INTERPOLATION FORMULA :-

    • Newton's Backward Difference Interpolation Formula is another method for


    approximating the value of a function at an interior point within a given interval
    using a polynomial of degree n.
    • This method is based on constructing a polynomial using the backward difference
    of the function values at the given data points.

    • The formula can be expressed as:


    f(x) = f(xn) + (x - xn) Δf(xn,xn-1) + (x - xn)(x - xn-1) Δ²f(xn,xn-1,xn-2) + ... + (x -
    xn)(x - xn-1)...(x - x1) Δⁿf(xn,xn-1,...,x1)

    • Like Newton's Forward Difference Interpolation Formula, Newton's Backward


    Difference Interpolation Formula provides a good approximation of the value of a
    function at an intermediate point within the given interval. However, the accuracy
    of the approximation depends on the degree of the polynomial used and the spacing
    of the data points.
    To find the value of a given function at an interior point using Newton's forward
    and backward difference interpolation formulae :-

    we need to have some given data points and the interval in which we want to
    interpolate the function.
    Let's assume we have a function f(x) and we want to find its value at an interior point
    x = x0, where x0 lies between the first and the last data point.
    Let's also assume that we have n+1 data points and the interval h = (xn - x0)/n is equal
    for all the intervals.

    The formula for the first forward difference is:


    Δy0 = f(x1) - f(x0)
    Δy1 = f(x2) - f(x1)
    Δy2 = f(x3) - f(x2) ...
    Δyn-1 = f(xn) - f(xn-1)
    The formula for the second forward difference is:
    Δ²y0 = Δy1 - Δy0
    Δ²y1 = Δy2 - Δy1
    Δ²y2 = Δy3 - Δy2 ...
    Δ²yn-2 = Δyn-1 - Δyn-2

    And so on, we can keep computing the forward differences until we get a constant
    value.

    Once we have the forward difference table, we can use the following formula to
    interpolate the function at the interior point x0:

    f(x0) ≈ f(x0) + Δy0(u/h) + Δ²y0(u/h)(u-1)/2! + Δ³y0(u/h)(u-1)(u-2)/3! + ... + Δny0(u/h)


    (u-1)...(u-n+1)/n!

    where u = (x0 - x1)/h is the normalized distance between x0 and x1.


    The formula for the first backward difference is:
    Δyn = f(xn) - f(xn-1)
    Δyn-1 = f(xn-1) - f(xn-2)
    Δyn-2 = f(xn-2) - f(xn-3) ...
    Δy1 = f(x1) - f(x0)
    The formula for the second backward difference is:
    Δ²yn-1 = Δyn-1 - Δyn
    Δ²yn-2 = Δyn-2 - Δyn-1
    Δ²yn-3 = Δyn-3 - Δyn-2
    ... Δ²y1 = Δy1 - Δy0

    And so on, we can keep computing the backward differences until we get a constant value.

    Once we have the backward difference table, we can use the following formula to interpolate the function
    at the interior point x0:

    f(x0) ≈ f(xn) + Δyn(u/h) + Δ²yn(u/h)(


    THANK YOU 

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