Primary Health Care
Primary Health Care
Primary Health Care
Objectives
NATIONAL All PGH’s, and National • Highly specialised health care, for area / region of specialisation
REFERRAL Referrals • Training and research services on issues of national importance
FACILITIES Are general, regional, or
discipline specialists
Referral services
All district, sub-district hospitals, • Comprehensive in-patient diagnostic, medical, surgical and rehabilitative
including NGO / private, form care, including reproductive health services
COUNTY REFERRAL network of County Referral • Specialised outpatient services
FACILITIES Services in a county • Facilitate, and manage referrals from lower levels, and other referrals
• With other County Referral Facilities, form the County Referral System
Referral services
Referral services
Manpower Development:
• All the human potentials-knowledge, physical energy
is toward achievement of Primary Health Care.
• To motivate individuals to work as a volunteer in
community.
• To give training the individuals in community
regarding health promotion and prevention of ds.
• To find out the available trained human resources to
achieve maximum Primary Health Care.
Principles Cont’d..
Multi-sectional Approach:
• It is recognized that the health of a community
cannot be improved by intervention within just
the health sector but other sectors are equally
important in promoting the community’s health
and self-reliance.
• These sectors are: Agriculture, irrigation,
education, housing, animal husbandry ,public
works, communication, rural development,
industries, voluntary organizations.
Points To Remember About PHC Principles
Community participation
Community awareness
Community involvement
Community activities
Community participation:
• the process by which a community mobilizes its
resources, initiates and takes responsibility for
its own development activities and shares in
decision making and implementation of all other
development programmes.
Community activities cont’d…
Community awareness:
• the community should be aware of its problems
and the available resources such as manpower,
money, materials, ideas and time.
• This can be achieved through, Participation and
involvement of the community in community
diagnosis or Through exposure of the
community to another with successful
development programmes
• Barazas, churches, schools and development
groups play key roles in promoting awareness
Community activities cont’d…
Community Involvement:
• The active involvement of people living together
in some form of social organization and cohesion
in the planning, operation and control of
primary health care, using local, national and
other resources.
• In community involvement, individuals and
families assume responsibility for their and their
communities' health and welfare, and develop
the capacity to contribute to their own and their
communities’ development.
The National Government
• The national government ministry of health is
headed by the Cabinet Secretary of health.
• Under the minister for Health is the principal
secretary for health.
• The Principal Secretary works with the Director Of
Medical Services who is the technical advisor.
Roles of National government
• Formulation of health policies
• Financing: provide funding to national and county
government
• Take charge of National referral hospitals
• Monitor quality assurance and standards
• Conducting studies required for administrative or
management purposes
• Take charge of National public health laboratories
like KEMRI
• Public-private partnerships eg with NGOs
Roles of National Gov. Cont’d..
• Monitor and evaluate (M & E ) health services and
health programs
• Planning and budgeting for national health services
• Take charge of Services provided by Kenya Medical
Supplies Agency (KEMSA), National Hospital
Insurance Fund (NHIF), Kenya Medical Training
College (KMTC) and Kenya Medical Research
Institute (KEMRI)
• Monitors ports, borders and trans-boundary areas.
(for surveillance of diseases from immigrants)
• Major disease control (malaria, TB, leprosy etc)
The county governments
• Headed by minister of Health (executive secretary
of health)
• Under the Minister is the Chief Officer of Health
who works with County Director of Health Services
who is a technical adviser.
• Below the county health director are the heads of
departments who include: county public health
nurse, county nutrition officer, county clinical
officer, county public health officer etc
• Health in the County government is under the
Department of Health Services Management
Responsibilities of Department of Health
Services Management
1)Coordinate the provision of preventive, promotive,
curative, rehabilitative and palliative health services;
2) Develop county health policies and laws
3) Coordinate implementation of national health
policies at county level
4) Liaise with regulatory bodies in the enforcement
best health practices
5)Coordinate public and private sector health
programs and systems at the county level;
6) Ensure compliance with norms and standards for
health facilities and health services;
Responsibilities cont’d..
7) Ensure the implementation of rights to health
specified in the Bill of Rights
8) Promotion of primary health care i.e
availability, accessibility, acceptability,
affordability, and of good quality and standards
9) Manage day to day human resources under the
Department;
10) Facilitate capacity building and professional
development for health service personnel;
11) Promote public private partnership to ensure
efficient and harmonious development
Responsibilities cont’d..
12) Oversee the management of county health
facilities
13) License and control establishments that sell food
to the public
14) Control the management of cemeteries, funeral
homes and crematoria
15) Ensure and coordinate the participation of
communities in the governance of health services
16) Procure and manage medical supplies and
commodities;
17) Develop and manage the county health referral
system including ambulance services;
Responsibilities cont’d..
18) Facilitate registration, licensing and
accreditation of health service providers and
health facilities respectively
19) Coordinate and conduct ethical research and
ensure dissemination of research findings
20) Manage solid waste and guarantee
environmental sanitation;
21) Provide for the development, strengthening
and expansion of a county health information
management system
County Director Of Health
• Technical advisor on all matters relating to health
within the county;
• Supervise all health services within the county;
• Promotes the management, prevention and control
of communicable and non-communicable
conditions;
• Reports periodically to the national ministry of
health on all public health occurrences including
disease outbreaks, disasters and any other health
matters
• Perform other duties as assigned by executive
secretary
County Health Management Team