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HARARI AGRICULTURAL BUREAU

livestock and fish directorate darictor

BY

Mohammed Redwan

jun - 2012
HARAR

 
Agriculture views, before and now
Now:
Conventional
Agriculture changed from
Farming - 10,000 to 12,000 years
back. traditional ward farming to knowledge intensive
Traditional back ward farming sector
Labor intensive
Modern Tools machine
Traditional Tools
Job of agrarian society Agrarian society to knowledge society

History of Agriculture changed


Who briage the gap???
Source (Mammo, y., 2015).
world
Agriculture sectors’ Achivement
yet made

world experiance
show
for the last 50 years
knowledge make difference

Source: Quoted by Syngenta


Foundation (2011)
Way agriculture, now become the top agenda?
b/c  Agriculture is everything for Africa
The world  avoid age-old problems of africa like (internal confilict,
recognizes unempoloyement, poverty & hunger, migiration abroad and
indispensable miserable lives.
roles of african  potentials not yet exploited.
Agriculture  smallholder farmers in country will be feeding the expected 9
billion people in the world by 2050
(Mammo, y.,  It the engine that can transform nations’ economies. Similarly,
2015).
... Way agriculture

 employs about 62% of the population in SSA,

The world  generates about 27% of the Gross Domestic Product(GDP),


recognizes
indispensable  Mainstay source to most African economies,
roles of african
Agriculture  Huge source of foreign exchange,

 Significant generator of tax revenues, Source


(Mammo, y., 2015).
... Way agriculture
 Provide raw materials to industries, Preparing fertile ground for the
• The world
recognizes establishment of agro-processing industries and
indispensable roles
 agriculture remains vital not only to bring economic growth, but also
of african
Agriculture to transform many African countries

 Finaly possible to conclude agriculture is game changer,

Source (Mammo, y., 2015).


challengies
limiting the flow of information, knowledge, useful new
technologies (Belay and Dawit (2017).

As a result, the yields of major crops under farmers’ management are
still far lower than under research managed plots (Abate, 2006; EIAR,
2007).
... challenges
 most smallholder farming systems are much less productive and profitable than they
could be (Syngenta Foundation 2011).
 limited budget and Poor investment on agriculture

 weak link to markets, production not based on market demand

Ex egg price????

This is opportunity not exploted

( Deribe.k, 2016 and Lemma, T. T., Sehai, E. and Hoekstra, D., 2011).
የግብርና ኤክስቴንሽን አገልግሎት አሰጣጥ(plant + animal)

5.1
Agricultural  በእንስሳት ዘርፍም ቢሆን ምሳሌ
information
and
knowledge
 ወተት(ኢትዮ 19ልትር/አምት፣+አፍርካ100ሊትር
gap
constrains ፣ዩሮፕ 200ሊትር) ፣

Source  ማር፣ እንቁላል ና ስጋ ዋጋ መናር ምርት ላይ ፈና


(Mammo, y.,
2015). ያልተሰራ)
... challenges
As result
 14 million depand on aid (national)

regionaly
 22 thusend sefty net
 13 thusend emergency aid
 Total 35 thusend depend on aid (regionaly)
10 years plan

ስትራቴጅክ ዓላማ II ፡
ገበያ ተኮር የእንስሳትና ዓሳ ምርትና ምርታማነት
ግብ-2-ከሐገር የዶሮ ዝርያና የውጭ ዝርያ ካላቸው ዶሮዎች የእንቁላል ምርትንና ምርታማነት ማሳደግ

 ግብ-2-ከሐገር የዶሮ ዝርያና የውጭ ዝርያ ካላቸው ዶሮዎች


 የእንቁላል ምርትን በ2012 ከተደረሰበት በቁጥር 5,731,106 በ2022
ዓ.ም መጨረሻ ምርቱን ወደ 10,000,000 ማድረስ፡፡
የቀጠለ--

• ከሐገር የዶሮ ዝርያና የውጭ ዝርያ ካላቸው ዶሮዎች

 የእንቁላል ምርታማነትን ነ2012 ከተደረሰበት በቅደም ተከተል 95 እና 255


እንቁላል/በዶሮ/በአመት በ2022 ዓ.ም መጨረሻ ወደ 95
እንቁላል/በዶሮ/በአመት እና 260 እንቁላል/በዶሮ/በአመት ማድረስ፡፡
2.1 የእንቁላል ምርትንና ምርታማነት ለማሳደግ
ጥቅም ላይ የሚውሉ ማስፈጸሚያ ስልቶች

የእንቁላል ምርትንና ምርታማነት ለማሳደግ በዶሮ እርባታ ላይ ትኩረት


ተደርጎ የሚሰራ ሲሆን

 ሶስት የአመራረት ሰርዓቶችን ወይም ስልቶች ጥቅም ላይ ይውላሉ።

 ሶስቱም ጥቅም ላይ የሚውሉ ስልቶች ዝርዝር የሚከተሉት ይሆናሉ።


አንደኛው ማስፈጸሚያ ስልት
አንደኛው የሀገር በቀል የዶሮ ዝርያዎችን
 አያያዝ፣
 አመጋገብ፣
 ጤና አጠባበቅ በማሻሻል
ከሀገር በቀል የዶሮ ዝርያዎች የሚገኝ የእንቁላል ምርትና ምርታማነት
ማሳደግ ስሆን
ይህ ስልት በዋናነት አርሶአደሩን በማሳተፍ፣ በማንቃትና ግንዛቤውን ከፍ
በማድረግ የሚገኝ ውጤት ስሆን
በዋናነት በልማት ጣቢያ ሰራተኞች የሚተገበር ይሆናል።
ሁለተኛው ማስፈጸሚያ ስልት
 ሁለተኛው አያያዝ፣ አመጋገብ፣ ጤና አጠባበቅ ማሻሻል በተጨማሪ የተሻሻሉ የስጋና እንቁላል ወይም “ድዋል
ፕርፐዝ” ዝርያዎች ጥቅም ያላቸውን

 የተሻሻሉ የ 1 ቀን እድሜ ያላቸውን የዶሮ ጫጩት ከተማ አካባቢ እና

 የ45 ቀን ዕድሜ ያላቸውን ዶሮዎችን በገጠር ቀበሌዎች

 በድምሩ ሁለቱም ዕድሜዎች በአማካይ በየአመቱ 50,000 ዶሮ በማሰራጨት

 በአጠቃላይ በዕቅዱ ዘመን መጨረሻ በ2022 በድምሩ 500,000 ዶሮዎችን በማሰራጨትና ወደ እርባታ በማስገባት
የሚተገበር የአመራረስ ስረዓት ስሆን፣-

 ይህ ስልት በዋናነት በቅንጅት የሚሰራ ነው(ቢሮው፣ ወረዳ ፣ ቀበሌ) እንደ አስፈላጊነቱ ሌሎችን ባለድርሻ በማሳተፍ
ሶስተኛው ማስፈጸሚያ ስልት
ሶስተኛው ስልት በከተማና ገጠር “ኮሜርሻል እንቁላል ጣይ ድሮዎች” እርባታ ላይ የሚሳተፉ

 በአማካይ በየአመቱ 10 እንተርፕላይዞችን ፍላጎት በመፍጠርና በመደገፍ ከሚመለከታቸው


ተቆማት ጋር በማተሳሰር የብድርና የቦታና የተጠቀሱ የዶሮ ዝርያ አቅርቦት ተጠቃሚ
በማድረግ የሚፈጸም ስሆን

 በ2022 መጨረሻ አሁን በክልሉ ያሉትን እንተርፕራይዝ ሳይጨምር ባጠቃላይ በዕቅድ ዘመኑ
በአማካይ 100 አዲስ እንተርፕራይዝ በዘርፉ እንዲሳተፉ ይደረጋል።

 በአማካይ እነዚህ እንተርፕራይዞች እያንዳንዳቸው ከ100 – 300 “ኮሜርሻል እንቁላል ጣይ


ድሮዎች” በማርባት የሚሳተፉ ይሆናል።
የቀጠለ----
ወደ ገበያ መር አመራረት ለሚደረገውን መዋቅራዊ ሽግግር አስተዋፅ ለማድረግና በተለየ ሁኔታ
አማራጭ 2 እና 3 ላይ በልዩ ትኩረት ይሰራል

በተጨማሪም የዘርፉ ቁልፍ ማነቆ የሆነውን የተመጣጠነ የመሆ አቅርቦት ችግር ለመፍታት በዕቅድ ዘመኑ

 በአማካይ በየሁለት አመት አንድ በዶሮ መኖ ማቀነባበር የሚሳተፍ እንተርፕራይዝ ፍላጎት በመፍጠርና
በመደገፍ ወደ ስራ በማስገባት ባጠቃላይ በዕቅድ ዘመኑ በድምሩ በዶሮ መኖ ማቀነባበር የሚሳተፉ
እንተርፕራይዝ ቁጥር 5 ለማድረስ በትኩረት ይሰራል።

 ይህም በክልሉ በዶሮ መኖ ማቀነባበር ላይ የተሳተፈ የግል እንተርፕራይዞች ቁጥር በ2012 ከተደረሰበት
1 እንተርፕራይዝ በ2022 መጨረሻ በአማካይ ወደ 6 በማሳደግ የዘርፉ ቁልፍ ማነቆ የሆነውን የዶሮ መኖ
አቅርቦት ችግር ለመፍታት ጥረት ይደረግል፡
Way forwad

 There fore, such conventional ways can not bring transformation in the sectors.

 Such,Conventional extension methods do not provide the needed agricultural technology


on timely basis

 Technology is currently regarded as a factor of production like other factors such as labor,
capital and land

 Thus, we need to calls to support agricultural extension services,

(Deribe, 2011).
Efficiancy, Cost Vs out put of our poultry multiplication center

 እንደተመደብኩ የተነገረኝ መረጃ 500 እናት ዶሮ + ትንሽ ቆይቶ 180 (200 እንቁላል የተገባ እንደሆነ ሪፖርት
ተደርገዋል

 16/10/2012 ያለበትን ደረጃ ለማወቅ ሪፖርት ጠየኩ

 በዝሁ መሰረት ቀደም ሲል ሪፖርት ከተደረገው 500 እናት ዶሮ 469(93%) እንዳለ (with in the 3 weak Death
33(7%)

 ከዛ ቡሃላ የየቀኑን አፍጻጸም ሪፖርት በመወሰድ (በ10 አመት መሪ እቅድ እና ካዛ አንጻር ክፍተቱ ላይ ወይይት
አርጋለሁ )
Date Death No. of Mother Chicks Daily Egg Collected Daily Feed Consuption
per
No. date M F M F total % plan achiv % check No. Chick total feed
1 16/10/12 0 0 52 417 469 100 417 137 330.12kg 469 56 kg
2 17/10/12 0 0 52 417 469 100 417 112 27 469 56 kg
3 18/10/12 0 1 52 416 468 99.79 416 133 32 468 56 kg
4 19/10/12 0 1 52 415 467 99.57 415 137 33 467 56 kg
5 20/10/12 0 1 52 414 466 99.36 414 116 28 466 56 kg
6 21/10/12 0 4 52 410 462 98.51 410 132 32 462 56 kg
7 22/10/12 0 3 52 407 459 97.87 407 135 33 459 55 kg
8 23/10/12 0 1 52 406 458 97.65 406 139 34 458 55 kg
9 24/10/12 0 1 52 405 457 97.44 405 139 34 457 55 kg
10 25/10/12 0 1 52 404 456 97.23 404 141 35 456 55 kg
11 26/10/12 0 2 52 402 454 96.8 402 131 33 454 55 kg
12 27/10/12 0 1 52 401 453 96.59 401 120 30 453 55 kg
13 28/10/12 0 0 52 401 453 96.59 401 125 31 453 55 kg
14 29/10/12 0 0 52 401 453 96.59 401 144 36 453 55 kg
remark total death 16 per 14 days
average egg pro. 132 (32%)per 14 day, which is under recomandation of 50%
performance decline gradualy ????? What is problem, feed miss element?mag? Bio secrity? So what?
This data shows the center perform Under
capacity
 Performance of the center not efficiant example egg produ. From 401 mother daily egg
prod. on avergae was 132/day or in % (32%) which is under recomandation of 50% &
 As result egg incubation under capacity Machine 3500, example see below:-

Egg Incubation & Hachery Performance Report in each Phase


No. Of Egg Incubated No. of Dayhold chicks Hached
No. Phass date plan achiv in % Date h Eggs incubated No.chick hached in %
11st 2/10/12 3500 2116 60% 23/10/12 2116 1340 64%
22nd 16/10/12 3500 1512 43% 1512
33rd 29/10/12 3500 1728 49%

 Remark in this 3 phass p 10500 ach 5728 (51%) loss 4772 egg
 this under capacity performance is b/c of under egg production)
problems, root couse
 1st bread problem
 2nd skill and capacity problems (feed , dissese identification & treatment,
sefty,mang, machine) no traing & experance shering
 3rd daily labor need to clearing house just after chick distribution (4 house 300
kut) at least need 2 daily laborar to clean at least 4 house/month
cost 80birr * 30day = 2400* 2person= 4800 which not equal current request
10,000 (for the year 28,800) & we can use them in off time for veggetation &
clearing the center
 4th contrat worker need to employed & study stracture need
 5th Problem in conducting daily Mornitering & dily evaluation(b/c of house
ocupayed as result head of center compeleying to stay in center ?) ,motor
 6th allocation of car for department especialy follow up especial need to identify
benificiary
Thank for attension

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