Uniform circular motion requires a constant inward force called centripetal force. An object moving with constant speed in a circular path undergoes uniform circular motion. Key features include:
- Centripetal force is always directed toward the center and perpendicular to the object's velocity.
- Centripetal acceleration is produced and is also directed toward the circle's center.
- Equations relate centripetal force, mass, velocity, radius, and acceleration for objects in uniform circular motion.
Uniform circular motion requires a constant inward force called centripetal force. An object moving with constant speed in a circular path undergoes uniform circular motion. Key features include:
- Centripetal force is always directed toward the center and perpendicular to the object's velocity.
- Centripetal acceleration is produced and is also directed toward the circle's center.
- Equations relate centripetal force, mass, velocity, radius, and acceleration for objects in uniform circular motion.
Uniform circular motion requires a constant inward force called centripetal force. An object moving with constant speed in a circular path undergoes uniform circular motion. Key features include:
- Centripetal force is always directed toward the center and perpendicular to the object's velocity.
- Centripetal acceleration is produced and is also directed toward the circle's center.
- Equations relate centripetal force, mass, velocity, radius, and acceleration for objects in uniform circular motion.
Uniform circular motion requires a constant inward force called centripetal force. An object moving with constant speed in a circular path undergoes uniform circular motion. Key features include:
- Centripetal force is always directed toward the center and perpendicular to the object's velocity.
- Centripetal acceleration is produced and is also directed toward the circle's center.
- Equations relate centripetal force, mass, velocity, radius, and acceleration for objects in uniform circular motion.
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 15
Uniform Circular Motion
• Zigzag road • Motion along curved
path is called curvilinear motion. • Circular motion is one type of curvilinear motion. It is the motion of a body along a circle. • An object in circular motion constantly changes its direction. • At all instances, the object is moving tangent to the circle. • The change in direction of velocity Δv is directed toward the center of the circle. • Thus, the acceleration also points toward the same direction. • If the object is moving at constant speed, it is said to be undergoing uniform circular motion. • To maintain uniform circular motion, a constant inward force is needed. • Since force and acceleration always point in the same direction, the tug applied on an object in uniform circular motion is perpendicular to the direction of motion. • Such a force is referred to as centripetal force, Fc. • The acceleration it produces is called centripetal acceleration or ac. T • The speed of any particle in uniform circular motion is expressed as
• The acceleration of an object moving in a
circle of radius r with speed v is called centripetal acceleration, ac. or • The centripetal force is expressed as Sample Problems 1. An object is whirled at the end of a string in a horizontal circle. If the period of one revolution is 1.18 s, and the length of the string is 0.93 m, find the centripetal acceleration of the object. 2. In the previous problem, find the velocity of the object at the end of the string. 3. David whirls a slingshot above his head. The sling is 1.0 m long and the stone at its end has a mass of 400 g. David can make the rock move uniformly in a circle over his head at a speed of 5.0 m/s. a. What is the tension on the sling? b. If David keeps this up, how many times does the rock complete a circle in 1 min? 4. A 0.2 kg metal ball is tied to a string 0.6 m long. If the breaking strength of the string is 66.74 N, then determine a. the maximum speed with which the metal ball can be whirled in a horizontal circle and b. the magnitude of the acceleration of the metal ball when the string is at its breaking speed. Complete the statement below: 1. ____________ is the time it takes an object to make one complete revolution. 2. ____________ is the number of revolutions completed by an object in a given time. 3. ____________ is an inward force that causes the object to be pulled or accelerated toward the circle’s center. 4. ___________ is the acceleration caused by the centripetal force on the object in circular motion. 5. An object moving in uniform circular motion has a constant _________ but not in constant __________. 6. A little girl is playing with her foot jump. The time it takes the ball in the foot jump to make one complete revolution is 0.2 s. a. If the length of the plastic cord that holds the ball is 0.87 m, then what is the speed of the ball? b. If the ball has a mass of 4 g, then how much force is acting on the ball to keep it in uniform circular motion? 7. An object that moves in uniform circular motion has a centripetal acceleration of 13 m/s2. If the radius of the motion is 0.02 m, what is the frequency of the motion? 8. A race car moving at a constant tangential speed of 60 m/s, takes one lap around a circular track in 50 s. Determine the magnitude of the acceleration of the car.