Dstatcom

Distribution STATCOM (DSTATCOM)
A DSTATCOM is a voltage source converter based compensating device which is

connected in parallel with the distribution system to control the flow of reactive
power.
In its most basic form, the DSTATCOM configuration consists of a dc capacitor, one
or more inverter modules and a transformer to match the inverter output to the
line voltage. Figure shows the schematic representation of DSTATCOM. In this
arrangement, the steady state power exchange between the device and the AC
system is mainly reactive. The VSC converts the DC voltage across the storage
device into a set of three-phase ac output voltages. These voltages are in phase and
coupled with the AC system through the reactance of the coupling transformer.
Suitable adjustment of the phase and magnitude of the DSTATCOM output voltages
allows effective control of active and reactive power exchanges between the
DSTATCOM and the AC system
DSTATCOM
• DSTATCOM is one of the custom power device used in distribution

system for power conditioning.
• DSTATCOM is developed for the compensating reactive power
demanded by non-linear and unbalanced load.
• Also power factor of the source is improved and the Total Harmonic
Distortion in the source currents is reduced.
• DSTATCOM can correct voltage sag, swell, unbalance by injecting
the reactive current into the system.
• Instantaneous reactive power theory is used for obtaining
reference source current for controlling DSTATCOM.
• In the system diagram shown in above Fig. 1, Rs and Ls
represents source resistance and source inductance.
• The nonlinear load is realized by connecting the three
phase diode rectifier to a Resistive-Inductive load (R-L).
• Unbalanced load is realized by connecting different
values of impedances in three phases.
• Three phase voltage source converter (VSC) act as the
DSTATCOM which consist of the six insulated gate bipolar
transistor (IGBT) and anti parallel diodes are connected
to each IGBT.
• DC side of the Voltage source converter (VSC) consists of a capacitor which is
used to maintain constant voltage for the switching operation of the IGBT
switches.
• The DC capacitor is not used for any reactive power compensation.
Interfacing inductor, Lf is connected onthe AC side of the voltage source
converter for compensating high frequency components of the
compensating currents [5].
• Storage capacitor Cdc does not exchange any active power between
DSTATCOM and the load.
• Breaker is used to observe the performance of the DSTATCOM before
compensation and after compensation (i.e. For connecting and removing
DSTATCOM to and from the system)
• The main function of DSTATCOM is to provide reactive
power as demanded by the load.
• Therefore, with the help of DSTATCOM source currents
are maintained at unity power factor and reactive power
burden on the system gets reduced.
• Due to the compensation of the reactive power by
DSTATCOM source has to supply only real power.
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)
Unified power quality conditioners (UPQC) allow the mitigation
of voltage and current disturbances that could affect sensitive
electrical loads while compensating the load reactive power.
Unified power quality conditioners UPQC consist of combined
series and shunt active power filters for simultaneous
compensation of voltage and current disturbances and reactive
power. The basic structure of this equipment is shown in
Figure.
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) for non-linear and a voltage
sensitive load has following facilities:
•It reduces the harmonics in the supply current, so that it can improves utility
current quality for nonlinear loads.
•UPQC provides the VAR requirement of the load, so that the supply voltage
and current are always in phase, therefore, no additional power factor
correction equipment is required.
•UPQC maintains load end voltage at the rated value even in the presence of
supply voltage sag.
•The voltage injected by UPQC to maintain the load end voltage at the desired
value which is taken from the same dc link, thus no additional dc link voltage
support is required for the series compensator.
The UPQC is expected to be one of the most powerful solutions to large
capacity loads sensitive to supply voltage and load current disturbances
or unbalance condition. The most effective type of these devices is
considered to be the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). There
are numerous reasons why the UPQC is preferred over the others.
UPQC is much flexible than any single inverter based device [15]. It can
simultaneously correct for the unbalance and distortion in the source
voltage and load current where as all other devices either correct
current or voltage distortion. Therefore the purpose of two devices is
served by UPQC only. Based on these reasons, the UPQC is widely
considered as an effective custom power device in mitigating voltage
sags and swells. In addition to voltage sags and swell compensation,
UPQC can also add other features such as harmonics and power factor
correction.

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Distribution STATCOM (DSTATCOM)

A DSTATCOM is a voltage source converter based compensating device which is

• DSTATCOM is one of the custom power device used in distribution

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