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    On Osteoporosis

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    ASHA RAJ

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    On Osteoporosis

    Uploaded by

    ASHA RAJ
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    Ppt on Osteoporosis

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    10 views12 pages

    On Osteoporosis

    Uploaded by

    ASHA RAJ

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    OSTEOPOROSIS

    OSTEOPOROSIS Is a systemic skeletal disease


    characterised by,
     Low bone density
     micro-architecture detoriation of bone tissue
     which enhances bone fragility
     and Increases the risk of fracture
    EPIDEMIOLOGY:

     1 in 3 women over 50 years suffer from


    osteoporosis
     1 in 5 men over 50 years suffer from osteoporosis
     15-30% of men & 30-50% of women suffer from
    fractures related to osteoporosis in their lifetime
     western-70 to 80 years
    India-50 to 60 years
    Categorized in to,
     primary osteoporosis-postmenopausal[type-1]
    Senile[type-2]
     secondary osteoporosis-due to disease conditions

    RISK FACTORS :
    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY :
     PEAK BONE MASS
     BONE REMODELLING
    Peak bone mass the amount of bone tissue in the
    skeleton,known as bone mass,can keep growing
    until the late 20’s. At that point,bones have
    reached maximum strength and density.
    After peak bone mass is attained,both men
    &women lose bone mass over the remainder of
    their lifetime
    BONE MODELLING-During growth skeleton increases
    in size by apposition of new bone tissue on outer
    surface of cortex.
    BONE REMODELLING-Cellular process of bone activity
    by which both cortical & cancellous bone are
    maintained.
    OSTEOPOROSIS Results from bone loss due to age
    related changes in bone remodelling as well as
    some extrinsic & intrinsic factors.
    CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS :
    Osteoporosis has been usually called as “silent
    disease”because bone mass is lost over many years with
    no signs &symptoms.
     Loss of height
     Back pain
     Vertebral collapse etc
    DIAGNOSIS :
     X-RAY STUDIES :Determine bone density
     Radiographics : Bone mass[osteopenia]
     Ultrasonography: Determine bone density
     Dual energy X-ray absorptimetry[DEXA]
    measures bone mineral density.
    MANAGEMENT :

    LIFE STYLE MODIFICATIONS :


    Physical activity-weight bearing & muscle strenthing
    exercises.
     Exercise improves bone strength by 30 to 50%
     Cessation of alcohol,smoking,high caffeine intake
     Adequate sunexposure
    DRUG THERAPY :
     calcium should be taken in certain adequate
    amounts.
     VIT D-800 to 1000 International units[IU] of vitamin
    d per day for adults age 50 & older.
    BIOPHOSPHONATES :
     These are analogues of pyrophosphates
     promotes apoptosis of osteoclasts
    Eg:Alendronate -10mg daily tablet
    Ibandronate-3mg every 3 months through Iv route
    Residronate- 5mg daily tablet
    SIDE EFFECTS:For oral biphosphonates are,
     Gastro intestinal problems [difficulty in swallowing]
     All biophosphonates are contraindicated in patients
    with GFR below 30- 35ml/min.
    CALCITONIN-a synthetic throid hormone usually
    prescribed as nasal spray which, reduces loss of calcium
    level & increases reabsorption of calcium in GIT
    HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY:
    Estrogen with or without progestin is used.
     Dose-0.625mg daily
     Route-oral or transdermal
    SIDE EFFECTS:Increased incidence of coronary heart
    diseases etc.
    TERIPARATIDE[PTH]:used in treatment of osteoporosis
    who are at high risk for fracture.
     Dose-20 micrograms daily subcutaneously
    SIDE EFFECTS:Leg cramps,dizziness,nausea
    THANK
    YOU !!

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