Science Report

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How Rocks and Soil

Move Downslope Due


to the Direct Action
of Gravity
Downslope movement of
rock soil by the force of
gravity is one of the most
common ways by which
the surface of the Earth
is shaped over time .
These movements may
be very rapid or
imperceptibly slow this is
called Mass movements
TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT
▪️Types of mass movements are distinguished
based on how the soil, regolith or rock moves
downslope as a whole.

1.Creeps
2.Landslide
3.Flows
4.Slumps
5.Falls
1.CREEPS
•Creeps is the slowest
type of mass
movements an example
would be freezing and
•The combination of
thawing.
small movements of
soil or rock in
different directions
over time are
2.LANDSLIDES
•A landslide also called a
landslip, is a rapid
movement of a large
mass of earth and rocks
down a hill or a
•Landslides occur when a
mountainsides.
section of soil and rock
suddenly shifts and move
downslope.
•The common forms of
landslides are slump,
debris slide, rock slide,
rock fall, debris fall and
avalanche.
3.FLOWS
•Flows contain large
amount of water with
the material they’re
transporting.
•These include avalanches, mudflows, debris
flows, earth flow, lahars and sturzstrom.
4.Slumps
•Slump is a
downward
movement of
•material
It formsamong
a small,
a
crescent-shaped
curve surface cliff, or
abrupt scarp at the top
end of the slope. There
can be more than one
5.Falls
•Falls are when rocks or
sediment fall freely through
the air very quickly.

•A fall, including rockfall, occurs


where regolith cascades down a
slope, but is not of sufficient volume
or viscosity to behave as a flow.
•The accumulation of rock
material that has fallen and
resides at the base of the
structure is known as talus.
The variety of downslope mass
movements reflects the diversity of
factors that are responsible for their
origin.
FACTORS
•Weathering or erosional debris cover
on slopes which is usually liable to
mass movement.
•Characteristics or structure of rocks
•Removal of vegetation cover
•Earthquake tremors
THANK
YOU
SO
MUCH!

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