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    Earth Science

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    mariatheresamenchavez232
    Mass movements are the downslope movement of rock and soil due to gravity. They include slow processes like soil creep as well as rapid movements like landslides and flows. Mass movements shape the Earth's surface over time. The main types of mass movement are creeps, landslides, flows, slumps, and falls. Creeps involve slow soil movement, while landslides and flows can move large amounts of material rapidly. Slumps and falls involve material sliding or cascading down slopes. Mass movements are common in mountainous areas because they require topographic relief.

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    Earth Science

    Uploaded by

    mariatheresamenchavez232
    4 views17 pages
    Mass movements are the downslope movement of rock and soil due to gravity. They include slow processes like soil creep as well as rapid movements like landslides and flows. Mass movements shape the Earth's surface over time. The main types of mass movement are creeps, landslides, flows, slumps, and falls. Creeps involve slow soil movement, while landslides and flows can move large amounts of material rapidly. Slumps and falls involve material sliding or cascading down slopes. Mass movements are common in mountainous areas because they require topographic relief.

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    Mass movements are the downslope movement of rock and soil due to gravity. They include slow processes like soil creep as well as rapid movements like landslides and flows. Mass movements shape the Earth's surface over time. The main types of mass movement are creeps, landslides, flows, slumps, and falls. Creeps involve slow soil movement, while landslides and flows can move large amounts of material rapidly. Slumps and falls involve material sliding or cascading down slopes. Mass movements are common in mountainous areas because they require topographic relief.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views17 pages

    Earth Science

    Uploaded by

    mariatheresamenchavez232
    Mass movements are the downslope movement of rock and soil due to gravity. They include slow processes like soil creep as well as rapid movements like landslides and flows. Mass movements shape the Earth's surface over time. The main types of mass movement are creeps, landslides, flows, slumps, and falls. Creeps involve slow soil movement, while landslides and flows can move large amounts of material rapidly. Slumps and falls involve material sliding or cascading down slopes. Mass movements are common in mountainous areas because they require topographic relief.

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    of 17

    Explain how rocks

    and soil move


    downslope due to
    the direct action of
    gravity
    Mass movements
    - Downslope movement of rock or soil by the
    force of gravity is one of the most common ways
    by which the surface of the Earth is shaped over
    time. These mass movements may be very rapid
    or imperceptibly slow. Mass movements are
    practically unstoppable once they are in motion
    and can damage or destroy roads, railroads,
    buildings, and houses in their paths. Because they
    require some topographic relief to get started,
    mass movements are most common in
    mountainous or hilly terrain.
    Types of mass movement:
    Types of mass movement are distinguished based
    on how the soil, regolith or rock moves downslope
    as a whole

    1. Creeps 5. falls
    2. Landslides
    3. Flows
    4. slump
    1. Creeps –
    Soil creep is a long term process. The
    combination of small movements of soil or rock in
    different directions over time are directed by gravity
    gradually downslope. The steeper the slope, the
    faster the creep. The creep makes trees and shrubs
    curve to maintain their perpendicularity, and they can
    trigger landslides if they lose their root footing. The
    surface soil can migrate under the influence of cycles
    of freezing and thawing, or hot and cold
    temperatures, inching its way towards the bottom of
    the slope forming terracotta's. This happens at a rate
    that is not noticeable to the naked eye.
    • Example of creeps
    2. Landslides
    -A landslide, also called a landslip, is a
    rapid movement of a large mass of earth and
    rocks down a hill or a mountainside. Little or no
    flowage of the materials occurs on a given slope
    until heavy rain and resultant lubrication by the
    same rainwater facilitate the movement of the
    materials, causing a landslide to occur. The
    common forms of landslides are slump, debris
    slide, rock slide, rock fall, debris fall and
    avalanche.
    EXAMPLE : LANDSLIDE
    3. Flows
    -Movement of soil and regolith that more
    resembles fluid behavior is called a flow. These
    include avalanches, mudflows, debris flows,
    earth flow, lahars and sturzstroms. Water, air
    and ice are often involved in enabling fluid like
    motion of the material.
    Flows example
    4. Slump
    -A slipping of coherent rock material along
    the curved surface of a decline. Slumps involve a
    mass of soil or other material sliding along a
    curved surface (shaped like a spoon). It forms a
    small, crescent-shaped cliff, or abrupt scarp at
    the top end of the slope. There can be more
    than one scarp down the slope.
    Slump
    Falls
    -A fall, including rock fall, occurs where regolith
    cascades down a slope, but is not of sufficient
    volume or viscosity to behave as a flow. Falls are
    promoted in rocks which are characterized by
    presence of vertical cracks. Falls can result from
    undercutting by running water as well as from
    undercutting by waves. They usually occur at very
    steep slopes such as a cliff face. The rock material
    may be loosened by earthquakes, rain, plant-root
    wedging, and expanding ice, among other things.
    The accumulation of rock material that has fallen and
    resides at the base of the structure is known as talus.
    why the Earth’s interior is hot?
    - The primary contributors to heat in the core
    are the decay of radioactive elements, leftover
    heat from planetary formation, and heat released
    as the liquid outer core solidifies near its
    boundary with the inner core.
    Thank you

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