Group 9 - Presentation - Cee 4633

ZERO LIQUID
DISCHARGE
• Mayisha Tasneem
• Roll: 200051228
• Atif Sharmila Samota

• Roll: 200051256
Presented by,
Group No:9 • Atif Tasfia Bahota
• Roll: 200051257
Faeeza Salauddin Priota

• Roll: 200051259
• Wafia Sadiqa
• Roll: 200051262
Introduction
With increasing global awareness about the finite nature

of water resources and the detrimental impact of
industrial effluents on ecosystems, ZLD stands out as a
promising solution that provides an all-encompassing
approach to water management.
What is
ZLD?
Strategic wastewater
management system
that ensures that
there will be no
discharge of
industrial
wastewater into the
environment
What is
ZLD?
Motivating
factors Water
scarcity
Environmental
Water regulations
economics
Why should
we use?
Why should
we use?
Recover pure
water for reuse
a) Thermal ZLD system
Conventional Early ZLD process where pretreated wastewater is
ZLD systems concentrated sequentially with a brine concentrator
and a brine crystallizer (or an evaporation pond). Later,
the distillates are reused as clean product water.
Specific energy consumption by RO, brine
concentrator and brine crystallizer
Conventional
ZLD systems
b) Emerging Membrane based
Three membrane-based processes—ED, FO, and MD
Conventional are used as alternative ZLD technologies to further
ZLD systems
concentrate the wastewater after the RO stage.
Conventional
ZLD systems
c) Others
• Mechanical vapor recompression (MVR)
• Multi-stage flash distillation (MSF)
• Multiple-effect evaporation (MEE)
• Agitated thin film drier (ATFD)
• Mechanical vapor compression (MVC)
Positive
impacts
Preserving groundwater
quality and averting the
contamination of drinking
water sources
Positive Water
impacts resource
Conservation
Positive
impacts
Improve public
health effects
Positive Reducing
impacts waste
creation
Separate
pollutants into
solid waste or
brine
Negative Risk associated with the solid wastes produced.
Impacts For example, concerns have been raised about
solid wastes stored in evaporation ponds because
of their scents, potential to harm wildlife and risk
of leakage.
Negative Uses a lot of energy, which results in a big amount
Impacts of (GHG). Acidification, degasification, CO2 release
into the atmosphere.
Technological developments have produced more
Solution energy-efficient designs. To further lessen ZLD
systems' carbon impact, there are other options
for incorporating renewable energy sources into
their power supply.
ZLD process facilitates the selective recovery
ZLD and
and recycling of both water and valuable
resource
recovery salts from wastewater streams. Moreover, It
aligns with the principles of the circular
economy, an emerging concept in
environmental sustainability favored by the
European Union.
ZLD and
resource
recovery
Recovering resources could

provide ZLD more financial
motivation.
Wastewater recycling and reuse can reduce the amount

of fresh water resources that are exploited and
nutrients like phosphorus can be collected and used as
fertilizer in a variety of ways in agriculture.
Current
status of
ZLD
The worldwide Zero Liquid Discharge System market was

worth $4.77 billion in 2022 and is expected to hit $7.08
billion by 2029, growing at a rate of 5.80% between 2023
and 2029.
Current
status of
ZLD
Current
status of
ZLD
The market size estimates considered the impact of COVID-19

and the Netherlands-Ukraine War. In regions with water
scarcity challenges, such as parts of the Middle East, North
America, and India, ZLD has become increasingly prevalent in
industries like power generation, oil and gas refining, mining,
and textiles.
Current
status of
ZLD
A study looked at 10 industries in Bangladesh. Even
though most of these industries don't have the
equipment they planned for, 6 of them are using
different ways to reduce, reuse and recover resources
with ZLD systems to cut down on waste and be more
eco-friendly.
Current
status of
ZLD
Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) practices are gaining traction

worldwide as industries and governments recognize the
importance of sustainable water management and
environmental protection.
Installing and
running ZLD systems
Setbacks & can be costly.
Constraints
Membrane operations,
distillation, and
evaporation are among the
major energy inputs that
ZLD systems frequently
need for treatment.
Usually need a lot of

space to be installed.
Brine disposal can be
difficult and expensive,
particularly in places
Setbacks & with few options for
Constraints disposal or tight laws.
It may not always be

possible to obtain the
specific knowledge and
experience needed to
manage these
procedures.
Adhering to
environmental laws and
obtaining permits may
present serious difficulties
for the execution of ZLD.
When bringing ZLD systems
from laboratory or pilot-
scale to full industrial scale,
unforeseen problems with
Setbacks & equipment performance,
process efficiency, and
Constraints dependability may arise.
ZLD systems need to be

maintained and operated
by qualified individuals on
a regular basis in order to
function at their best.
Obtaining enough water

for ZLD procedures may be
difficult in areas where
there is a water shortage.
Conclusion Although implementing ZLD systems poses
challenges, such as high costs and
technological requirements, the benefits are
substantial.
Conclusion Contributes to build a more resilient and
environmentally responsible industrial landscape.
•REFERENCES
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/zero-liquid-discharge#:~:text=Zero%20liquid%20
discharge%20(ZLD)%20is,and%20reuse%20for%20industrial%20purpose
.
 https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/2531874/ebooks/What%20Industrial%20Facilities%20Need%20to%
20Know%20About%20Zero%20Liquid%20Discharge.pdf
 https://www.saltworkstech.com/articles/what-is-zero-liquid-discharge-why-is-it-important/
 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.6b01000
 https://www.waterrf.org/resource/demonstration-membrane-zero-liquid-discharge-drinking-water-s
ystem-literature-review
 https://watermanaustralia.com/zero-liquid-discharge-system-zld/#:~:text=ZLD%20Systems%20with%
20ED%20Integration&text=It%20could%20also%20be%20used,potential%20as%20the%20main%20d
river.
 https://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0002040?casa_token=PHBEb-2jYgYAAA
AA:hAxP5eUT4gj1vx9u9XqlJb7ElO_Nk8FT2CPH6WU5PIJkDWJ8_uobsVrYEZrwAEvgwIKEjfnG91qaVIQ
 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10668-020-00979-5
 https://css.umich.edu/publications/research-publications/environmental-impacts-zero-liquid-dischar
ge-technologies
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652615010306

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ZERO LIQUID

• Atif Sharmila Samota

Faeeza Salauddin Priota

With increasing global awareness about the finite nature

Recovering resources could

Wastewater recycling and reuse can reduce the amount

The worldwide Zero Liquid Discharge System market was

The market size estimates considered the impact of COVID-19

Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) practices are gaining traction

Usually need a lot of

It may not always be

ZLD systems need to be

Obtaining enough water

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