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Introduction-to-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms

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Adrish Sarkar
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0 views8 pages

Introduction-to-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms

msn

Uploaded by

Adrish Sarkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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Introduction to

Data Structures
and Algorithms
Data structures are fundamental building blocks for organizing
and storing data. Algorithms are sets of instructions that tell
computers how to process data. Understanding these concepts
is essential for building efficient and effective software.

by Adrish Sarkar
Linear Data Structures
Arrays Linked Lists Stacks

Arrays store elements in Linked lists store elements in Stacks follow the Last-In-First-
consecutive memory locations. nodes, each containing data and Out (LIFO) principle. Elements
They are efficient for accessing a pointer to the next node. They are added and removed from the
elements by index but less are efficient for inserting and top. They are used for tasks like
efficient for inserting or deleting deleting elements but less function call management and
elements. efficient for accessing elements undo/redo functionality.
by index.
Non-Linear Data
Structures
1 Trees 2 Graphs
Trees are hierarchical Graphs consist of nodes
structures with a root and edges connecting
node and child nodes. them. They represent
They are efficient for relationships between
storing data that can be data elements and are
organized in a used for social
hierarchical manner. networks, routing, and

Heaps scheduling.
3
Heaps are binary trees that maintain a specific ordering
property. They are used for priority queues, sorting
algorithms, and finding the minimum or maximum element
efficiently.
Stack: Push and Pop
Operations
Push Operation
Adding a new element to the top of the stack.

Pop Operation
Removing the top element from the stack.

Peek Operation
Retrieving the top element without removing it.
Queue: Insertion and
Deletion Operations
1 Enqueue
Adding a new element to the rear of the queue.

2 Dequeue
Removing the element at the front of the queue.

3 Peek
Retrieving the element at the front of the queue
without removing it.
Time Complexity of
Common Data Structure
Operations
Operation Array Linked List Stack Queue

Access O(1) O(n) Not Not


by Index Applicab Applicab
le le
Insert/ O(n) O(1) O(1) O(n)
Delete
at
Beginnin
Insert/
g O(1) O(n) O(1) O(1)
Delete
at End
Applications of Data
Structures
Web Development Game Development
Caching, session Game worlds, object
management, and routing interactions, and AI
use various data systems rely on data
structures for efficient structures like graphs and
data storage and trees.
retrieval.

Operating Systems
Process management, memory allocation, and file systems
use data structures for organizing and managing resources.
Conclusion and Key Takeaways

Data Structures: The Foundation


Data structures are the core of efficient software development. By understanding different
data structures, you can choose the best fit for your specific needs.

Algorithms: The Logic


Algorithms define the logic and steps for manipulating data stored in structures.
Understanding common algorithms enables you to solve problems efficiently.

Practice Makes Perfect


Practice using different data structures and algorithms to develop a strong understanding of
their strengths and limitations.

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