ایمپایر ایستئیت بیناسی
ظاهر
Empire State Building | |
---|---|
اۇجالیق رکوردو | |
بلندترین در جهان از 1931 تا 1970[I] | |
قاباقکی رکوردو | Chrysler Building |
سونراکی رکوردو | World Trade Center (North Tower) |
عومومی بیلگیلر | |
دۇروم | تیکینتی تاماملاشما تاریخی |
نؤوع | Office building; observation decks |
معماریلق سبکی | Art Deco |
یئر | 350 Fifth Avenue[a] منهتن, New York 10118[b] |
تیکینتی باشلانیش تاریخی | ۱۷ مارس ۱۹۳۰[۲] |
تیکینتی تاماملاشما تاریخی | ۱۱ آوریل ۱۹۳۱[۳] |
آچیلیش | May ۱, ۱۹۳۱[۴] |
خرجی | آمریکا دولاری40,948,900[۵] ($NaN in 2020 dollarsشابلون:Inflation-fn) |
اۇجالیق | |
دامی | ۱٬۲۵۰ ft (۳۸۱٫۰ m)[۶] |
اۆست دامی | ۱٬۲۲۴ ft (۳۷۳٫۱ m)[۶] |
تکنیک بیلگیلری | |
آیری شوعاعلار | ۴۲۴ ft (۱۲۹٫۲ m) east–west by ۱۸۷ ft (۵۷٫۰ m) north–south[۷] |
مرتبه ساییسی | 102[۶][۷][۸][c] |
مرتبه ساحهسی | ۲٬۲۴۸٬۳۵۵ sq ft (۲۰۸٬۸۷۹ m2)[۶] |
آسانسور ساییسی | 73[۶] |
دیزاین و تیکینتی | |
مالیک | Empire State Realty Trust |
اصلی پودرتچیلری | Starrett Brothers and Eken |
معمار | Shreve, Lamb and Harmon |
اینکیشاف ائدیجی | Empire State Inc., including جان جی. راسکوب and ال اسمیت |
ایستیراکتور موهندیسی | Homer Gage Balcom |
Empire State Building | |
NYC Landmark #2000, 2001
| |
موختصات | 40°44′54″N 73°59′08″W / 40.748433°N 73.985656°Wموختصات: 40°44′54″N 73°59′08″W / 40.748433°N 73.985656°W |
NRHP ایستینادی # | 82001192 |
NYCL # | 2000, 2001 |
Significant dates | |
NRHP-ه علاوه اولدو | November 17, 1982 |
Designated NHL | June 24, 1986 |
Designated NYCL | May 19, 1981 |
قایناقلار | |
I. ^ Empire State Building at Emporis [۶][۹][۱۰] |
ایمپایر ایستئیت بیناسی (اینگیلیسجه: Empire State Building) — نیویورکون منهتن آداسیندا یئرلشن ۱۰۲ طبقهلی بیر گؤیدلن'دیر.
قایناقلار
[دَییشدیر]- ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب
<ref>
نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاعهای با نامAMNY-NewLobby-2018
وارد نشده است - ^ Jackson 2010, p. 413.
- ^ Langmead 2009, p. 86.
- ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب
<ref>
نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاعهای با نامNYTimes-Open-1931
وارد نشده است - ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب
<ref>
نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاعهای با نامcost
وارد نشده است - ^ ۶٫۰ ۶٫۱ ۶٫۲ ۶٫۳ ۶٫۴ ۶٫۵ "Empire State Building" The Skyscraper Center Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat website
- ^ ۷٫۰ ۷٫۱ Emporis GmbH. Empire State Building, New York City. emporis.com.
- ^ "Empire State Building" SkyscraperPage
- ^ Empire State Building. National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service (September 11, 2007).[دائمی اولو باغلانتیلی]
- ^ National Park Service (ژانویه ۲۳, ۲۰۰۷). National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
اتکیازی
[دَییشدیر]Citations
[دَییشدیر]Sources
[دَییشدیر]- Al-Kodmany, Kheir (2017). Understanding Tall Buildings: A Theory of Placemaking. Understanding Tall Buildings: A Theory of Placemaking. Taylor & Francis. pp. 71–72. ISBN 978-1-317-60866-0.
- Bascomb, Neal (2004). Higher: A Historic Race to the Sky and the Making of a City. Broadway Books. ISBN 978-0-7679-1268-6.
- Berman, J.S.; Museum of the City of New York (2003). The Empire State Building. Portraits of America. Barnes and Noble Books. ISBN 978-0-7607-3889-4.
- Douglas, George H. (2004). Skyscrapers: A Social History of the Very Tall Building in America. McFarland. pp. 107–116. ISBN 978-0-7864-2030-8.
- Flowers, Benjamin (2001). Skyscraper: The Politics and Power of Building New York City in the Twentieth Century. EBL-Schweitzer. University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0-8122-0260-1.
- Fodor's Travel Publications (2010). Fodor's See It New York City, 4th Edition. Fodor's See It New York City. Fodor's Travel Publications. ISBN 978-1-4000-0498-0.
- Goldman, Jonathan (1980). The Empire State Building Book. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-24455-2.
- Guerrero, P.F.; Abramowitz, A.D.; Morrison, F. (2002). Telecommunications: Many Broadcasters Will Not Meet May 2002 Digital Television Dtv Deadline. Diane Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-7567-2547-1.
- شابلون:Cite enc-nyc2
- Kayden, Jerold S.; The Municipal Art Society of New York (2000). Privately Owned Public Space: The New York City Experience. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-36257-9.
- Langmead, Donald (2009). Icons of American Architecture: From the Alamo to the World Trade Center. Greenwood icons. Greenwood. pp. 71–92. ISBN 978-0-313-34207-3.
- "Man's Mightiest Monument". Popular Mechanics. Hearst Magazines: 920–924. December 1930.
- McCarthy, James Remington; Rutherford, John (1931). Peacock alley: the romance of the Waldorf–Astoria. Harper. hdl:2027/mdp.39015002634015.
- Morehouse, W. (1991). The Waldorf–Astoria: America's Gilded Dream. M. Evans. ISBN 978-0-87131-663-9.
- Rasenberger, Jim (2009). High Steel: The Daring Men Who Built the World's Greatest Skyline, 1881 to the Present. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-174675-8.
- Robins, Anthony W. (May 19, 1981). Empire State Building. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission.
- Robins, Anthony W. (May 19, 1981). Empire State Building Interior. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission.
- Taranath, B.S. (2016). Structural Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings: Steel and Composite Construction. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-5090-9.
- Tauranac, John (2014). The Empire State Building: The Making of a Landmark. Scribner. ISBN 978-0-684-19678-7.
- Wagner, Geraldine B. (2003). Thirteen Months to Go: The Creation of the Empire State Building. Thunder Bay Press. ISBN 978-1-59223-105-8.
- Willis, Carol (1995). Form Follows Finance: Skyscrapers and Skylines in New York and Chicago. Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 978-1-56898-044-7.
- Willis, Carol; Friedman, Donald (1998). Building the Empire State. W.W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-73030-2.
Further reading
[دَییشدیر]- Aaseng, Nathan (1998). Construction: Building the Impossible. The Oliver Press, Inc. pp. 38–39. ISBN 978-1-881508-59-5.
- Dupré, Judith (2013). Skyscrapers: A History of the World's Most Extraordinary Buildings-Revised and Updated. New York: Hachette/Black Dog & Leventhal. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-1-57912-942-2.
- James, Theodore Jr. (1975). The Empire State Building. Harper & Row. ISBN 978-0-06-012172-3.
- Kingwell, Mark (2006). Nearest Thing to Heaven: The Empire State Building and American Dreams. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10622-0.
- Pacelle, Mitchell (2001). Empire: A Tale of Obsession, Betrayal, and the Battle for an American Icon. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-40394-4.
- شابلون:Cite New York 1930
ائشیک باغلانتیلار
[دَییشدیر]Empire State Building ویکیپدیانین باجی پروژهلرینده | |
|
- رسمی وبسایت
- Empire State Building on CTBUH Skyscraper Center
- Empire State Building under construction (1930–1931) Archived 2014-10-09 at the Wayback Machine. at the New York Public Library
- Empire State Building archive, circa 1930–1969, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University
رکوردلار | ||
---|---|---|
قاباقکی Chrysler Building |
World's tallest structure 1931–1954 |
سونراکی KWTV Mast |
World's tallest freestanding structure on land 1931–1967 |
سونراکی Ostankino Tower | |
گؤیدلن 1931–1970 |
سونراکی World Trade Center (1973–2001) (North Tower) | |
Tallest building in the United States 1931–1970 | ||
Tallest building in New York City 1931–1972 | ||
قاباقکی World Trade Center (1973–2001) (North Tower) |
Tallest building in New York City 2001–2012 |
سونراکی One World Trade Center (current) |
بؤلمهلر:
- اؤلو ائشیک باغلانتیلی مقالهلر January 2022-دن
- Emporis template using building ID
- Pages using Sister project links with wikidata namespace mismatch
- گیزلی ویکیدئیتا ایله باجی پروژه باغلانتیلاریندان ایستیفاده ائدن صفحهلر
- MusicBrainz place شناسهسیله مقالهلر
- Structurae structure شناسهسیله مقالهلر
- NARA شناسهسیله مقالهلر
- Empire State Building
- 1930s architecture in the United States
- 1931 establishments in New York City
- 34th Street (Manhattan)
- Art Deco architecture in Manhattan
- Art Deco skyscrapers
- Fifth Avenue
- Former world's tallest buildings
- میدتوون مانهاتان
- National Historic Landmarks in Manhattan
- New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan
- New York City interior landmarks
- Office buildings completed in 1931
- Office buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan
- Radio masts and towers in the United States
- Skyscraper office buildings in Manhattan
- Symbols of New York City
- Tourist attractions in Manhattan
- Towers completed in 1953
- صفحههایی که از افزونه نقشهنگار استفاده میکنند