Manual de Limba Coreeana - Nivel Pregatitor
Manual de Limba Coreeana - Nivel Pregatitor
Manual de Limba Coreeana - Nivel Pregatitor
, ! Salutare tuturor!
Numele meu este Marina Voicu, sunt student n anul al treilea la Universitatea BabeBolyai din Cluj-Napoca, specializarea coreean-englez, i
administrator KCC.Romnia (Clubul Romnesc de Cultur Coreean). Alturi de Carmen,
colega mea cu dou generaii mai mare, vom munci din greu pentru a crea aceste lecii pentru
dumneavoastr.
Leciile de limba coreean oferite de noi v pun la dispoziie att cursurile scrise n
documente (scrise la calculator, aa cum avei acest post), ct i paginile mele din caiet
fotografiate (pentru cei ce nu vd caracterele coreene), explicaii video, audio, materiale
pentru teme .a.m.d.
Cursurile sunt fcute pe baza a ctorva cri/ manuale din limba englez (plus cteva
site-uri ajuttoare) i sunt structurate astfel:
1. Nivel Pregtitor
2. nceptor 1
3. Intermediar 2
Fiecare categorie va avea 12 capitole, 12 tematici diferite care vor fi cam aceleai pe
toate celelalte categorii. Diferena va fi dificultatea exerciiilor, gramatic nou i vocabular
nou. Scopul principal al acestora este de a v nva cum s citii, s scriei, s nelegei i s
v exprimai n limba coreean.
Pe tot parcursul acestor lecii , voi ncerca s v ndrum i s v rspund la ntrebri. V
rog s ntelegei cci i eu sunt student i mai am i via personal, n caz c nu v rspund
imediat la toate ntrebrile. O s ncerc s rspund la toate (v rog s verificai celelalte
intrebri de la lecii pentru a nu pune aceeai ntrebare).
Sper c vei nelege cu toii aceste lecii i c voi reui a le face ct mai uoare pentru
dumneavoastr.
Mult succes!
___________Ghid de Studiu__________
Introducere
Imaginai-v, pre de cteva secunde, cum ar fi s tii deja limba coreean: s scriei, s
citii, s nelegei i s v exprimai n limba coreean!.
Imaginai-v doar ce posibiliti v-ar aprea n cale n momentul n care ai fi n stare s
comunicai i s nelegei coreenii din jurul dvs. Mai puine nenelegeri i coreeni mai
prietenoi, oameni cu zmbetul pe buze ce te respect pentru efortul depus n a le nva
limba.
Vorbind limba coreean, deschidei noi inimi i noi orizonturi, impresionai oamenii, iar
acest lucru este mai simplu dect v ateptai! Ghidul de studiu v va pune la dispoziie
metode uoare de nvare a limbilor strine i v va arta cum KCC.Romnia v va ajuta s
v ndeplinii acest vis.
n primul rnd, nu trebuie s v temei. tiu c muli dintre dvs. se tem s nceap
studiul unei limbi asiatice, neajutai de un profesor, mai ales din cauza caracterelor diferite.
De cele mai multe ori, problema apare deoarece nu tii de unde s ncepei, nu-i aa? Pentru
a nva limba coreean trebuie s tii cteva lucruri de baz. Gndii-v c vrei s v
construii propria cas. La fel este i cu nvarea unei limbi strine. Dac nu avei baza bine
format, riscai s v blocai in viitor sau chiar s renunai.
ncepei acum.....
De fiecare dat cnd vei simi c v delsai, repetai acest mic exerciiu. Sunt sigur c
v vei recpta motivarea. De asemenea, inei minte c o dat ce ai nvat limba coreean o
vei avea pe durata ntregii viei. nvarea unei limbi strine este un proiect continuu de autombuntire i, o data ce l stpnii, vei culege beneficiile eforturilor dvs pentru totdeauna.
Fiecare dintre noi avem un mic ngera i un mic Drcuor. ngeraul este tipul bun, n
timp ce Drcuorul este tipul lene ce va ncerca s saboteze eforturile noastre. Din pcate,
fiecare om are ambele pri i, pentru a avea succes, trebuie s tim s ne ocupm de amndoi
n mod corect i egal.
Ascultai puin vocea interioar i cei mai muli dintre dvs vei primi mesaje de genul:
Nu sunt suficient de bun nct s nv limba coreean..., Nu sunt talentat nct s nv
limbi strine.... Cnd auzim astfel de mesaje, trebuie sa le ignorm. Este doar Drcuorul
care v ndeamn s v uitai la TV n loc s facei ce ai plnuit. Tot el v va spune, probabil,
s nu mai citii Ghidul de studiu deoarece tii deja aceste lucruri sau nu v vor ajuta
deloc...
Nicio problem! Chiar dac nu vei putea scpa de micul Drcuor, exist destule
metode prin care i putei veni de hac!
Aici avei o vorb interesant a celui de-al treizecilea preedinte al Statelor Unite,
Calvin Coolidge: Nimic din lume nu poate lua locul persistenei. Talentul? Nu. Nimic nu
este mai comun dect talentul nerspltit. Educaia? Nu. Lumea este plin de eecuri
educate. Persistena, singur, este atotputernic.
Fii ct mai precii. Vreau s nv limba coreean n fiecare zi este bun, dar
Vreau s nv limba coreean n fiecare zi, dup ce iau cina este i mai bun.
Fii realiti n legatur cu ct vrei s nvai. O sesiune de 20-30 de minute
zilnic este cu mult mai eficient dect o sesiune de 2-3 ore/ sptmn. De
asemenea, sesiunile scurte sunt mai uor de stabilit dect cele lungi.
Cel mai dificil este atunci cnd trebuie s ncepem. Dac nu tii cum s
ncepei sau pur i simplu vi se pare dificil s v facei un plan, ncepei doar cu
5-10 minute zilnic. Putei crete timpul pe msur ce naintai cu nvatul i v
simii n largul dvs.
Conectai nvarea limbii coreene cu ceva declanator. Ceva ce v va aminti sa
nvai. Spre exemplu, Voi nva limba coreean dup ce plimb cinele, sau
dup ce mnnc de prnz, sau dup ce iau medicamentele la ora 15:00, sau
dup ce termin de gtit .a.m.d..
Folosii memento-uri externe pn v obinuii cu nvarea limbii coreene.
Spre exemplu alarme, notie sau orice altceva ce v va ajuta s v amintii c
este timpul pentru studiu. Facei asta timp de cteva sptmni pn ce acest
obicei va face parte din rutina dvs zilnic.
Vei vedea c, o dat ce totul va fi obinuin, o s alteptai cu nerbdare chiar dvs s
nvai ct mai multe lucruri noi.
Creai-v un mediu ct mai plcut pentru studiu. Dac se poate, nvai acas
savurnd o ceac de cafea sau una de ceai.
Folosii modaliti diverse pentru nvare. Spre exemplu, acas uitai-v la
videoclipuri, pe drum spre scoal/ munc ascultai leciile audio, iar seara facei
exerciii de scriere. De asemenea, trebuie sa vorbii cu voce tare pentru exerciiu sau,
mai bine dect att, s gndii n limba coreean.
Amintii-v de ce vrei s nvai limba coreean. Vizualizai ziua n care vei vorbi
fluent limba coreean.
Facei tot ce v st n putin s v obinuii cu programul n primele sptmni. Totul
va fi mai uor n momentul n care programul va fi obinuin zilnic.
Premiai-v pentru terminarea cu succes a leciilor de fiecare dat. Srbtorii de
fiecare dat, indiferent ct de mic e reuita.
O alt metod bun de a nva mai uor este s recitii cursul nc o dat nainte de
somn. Astfel creierul dvs va vizualiza informaiile n timp de dvs vei dormi.
ncepei doar leciile de limba coreean i vei vedea ct de uor i amuzant poate s
fie.
Crearea construciilor
Putei combina, de asemenea, buci mai mari de informaii sau concepte mai
complexe, prin nvarea a ctorva aspecte ale limbii cum ar fi gramatica i vocabularul, sau
scrierea i citirea, n acela timp. Ce vreau sa spun? De exemplu, dac nvai cteva cuvinte
noi, folosii-le cu gramatica nou nvat. Acest exerciiu v va ajuta s nvai mai uor
construciile. Prin urmare, nvai mai rapid i i permitei creierului s acceseze mai rapid
informaiile depozitate n viitor.
La nivel de nceptori, acest lucru poate s nsemne s nvai regulile referitoare la
folosirea adjectivelor n limba coreean, alturi de exemple i explicaii. De aici, extindem
7
construciile, pas cu pas. Cu timpul, construciile vor folosi vocabular mai mult i gramatic
mai complicat. V vei trezi la un moment dat c nelegei limba coreean! Apoi ca putei i
s vorbii.
Oricnd avei posibilitatea sau putei, vorbii cu voce tare! Acest exerciiu v
ajut n primul rnd la verificarea pronuniei i, prin exerciiu, v putei corecta i mbunti
pronunia (pn ce sun corect). Un alt avantaj este c v obinuii i dvs s v ascultai
vorbind n limba coreean. V va ajuta s cptai ncredere atunci cnd vorbii cu un coreean
nativ i vei vorbi mai natural. Totodat v mbuntii abilitile auditive.
Nu trecei la nivelul urmtor pn ce nu suntei siguri de c tii cel puin 80% din
leciile precedente. Exersai pn ce tii bine. (De asemenea, o s v dau ceva teste pentru a
vedea nivelul dvs.).
Probabil la nceput o s vi se par dificil. Vocabular nou, gramatic nou. Ca s nu mai
spun de alfabet!
Dedesupt avei un model de program sptmnal de studiu. NU trebuie s fie aa. E doar
un exemplu. Fiecare i-l face dup timpul liber avut.
Luni
Mari
Miercuri Joi
Vineri
Smbt
10 minute 10 minute
10 minute
10 minute
20 minute
10 minute
Studiu
Studiu
Vocabular Vocabular
Studiu
Vocabular
Studiu
Vocabular
Studiu
Vocabular
Studiu
Vocabular
15 minute
15 minute
20 minute
20 minute
Studiu
Gramatic
Recitii
Cursurile
De luni
Pn Mi.
Lecia de
Recitii ce
conversaie Ai nvat
ntreaga
Sptmn.
Duminic
Liber
Cam att am avut de spus. De data viitoare ncepem alfabetul. Sper c v-au ajutat
sfaturile mele. Hwaiting!
10
Celelalte consoane sunt formate adaugnd una sau mai mult linii la cele de mai sus:
->
->
->
->
Cnd a fost creat prima dat, Hunminjeongeum, erau patru elemente ce astzi nu se mai
folosesc:
Vocalele de baz ( ):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
[a]
[ya]
[eo]
[yeo]
[o]
[yo]
[u]
[yu]
[i]
[eu]
Vocalele duble:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
[ae]
[e]
[yae]
[ye]
[wa]
[wae]
[wae/oe]
[weo]
[we]
[wi]
[eui]
Consoane de baz ( ):
12
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
[g/k]
[n]
[d/t]
[r/l]
[m]
[b/p]
[s]
[-/ng]
[j]
[ch]
[kh]
[th]
[ph]
[h]
Consoane duble :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
[gg/kk]
[dd/tt]
[bb/pp]
[ss]
[jj]
[r/l]
[n]
[n]
[s]
[g/k]
[m]
Prezentare curs
Salutare! V-a fost dor de mine? Mie da .
Astzi v prezint cursul pregtitor de Hangeul. tiu c pentru muli dintre dvs este dificil
a nva caracterele dintr-o dat, aa c mi-am propus sa le mpart pe 8 categorii sau 8 lecii
diferite.
n poza de mai jos putei vedea detaliat cum am mprit alfabetul. Sper s v ajute mai
mult aceast abordare!
13
Dragii mei, dup cum v promiteam data trecut , vom ncepe acum cu primele caractere
i vreau s m in de cuvnt. Aadar, astzi nvm: b/p, n, consoana mut i a.
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
2. denumire: [a] ;
ordinea scrierii:
14
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
+++++= [ba-na-na] (banan)
____________________________________________________________________
3. denumire: Nieun [] ;
denumire fonetic: [n];
ordinea scrierii:
15
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
+= ! (ah/oh)
_____________________________________________________________________
[a-ba] = ABBA ( trupa Abba)
__________________________________________________________________
[a-ba-na] = Havana (capital Cuba)
______________________________________________________________
OBS! Unele silabe se termin n consoane, n special atunci cnd un cuvant are dou
consoane adunate la mijloc: o consoan formeaz sfaritul unei silabe, iar cealalt reprezint
nceputul silabei urmtoare. Aezarea celor dou consoane i a vocalei n caracterul-bloc este
un pic mai complicat.
Mai nti, scrie consoana iniial alturi de vocal (aa cum am procedat mai sus), apoi
pune consoana final dedesupt.
Combinate:
++ =
___________________________________________________________________
[An-na] = Anna
__________________________________________________________________
ordinea scrierii:
16
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Ma-na-ma] = Manama (capital Bahrain)
______________________________________________________________
[An-nam ] = Annam (numele vechi al Vietnamului)
__________________________________________________________________
[Am-man ] = Amman (capital Iordania)
__________________________________________________________________
2. denumire: [i] ;
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Na-mi-bi-a] = Namibia
__________________________________________________________
[Bin] = Viena
___________________________________________________________________
3. denumire: Rieul [] ;
la nceputul caracterului: [r] ;
17
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Ba-ba-ra] = Barbara
______________________________________________________________
[I-ran] = Iran
__________________________________________________________________
[Ri-ma] = Lima
__________________________________________________________________
[Mi-nil-la] = Minilla (capital Filipine)
______________________________________________________________
[Mal-li] = Mali
__________________________________________________________________
[Ril] = Lille (ora mare n Frana)
___________________________________________________________________
[ma-il] = mil (pentru msurarea distanei)
__________________________________________________________________
[Ri-bi-a] =Libia
______________________________________________________________
[Al-ba-ni-a] = Albania
__________________________________________________________
4. denumire: Giyeok [] ;
la nceputul caracterului: [g] ;
la sfritul caracterului: [k] ;
ordinea scrierii:
18
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Ga-na] = Ghana
__________________________________________________________________
[Ri-ga] = Riga (capital Letonia]
__________________________________________________________________
[Ga-i-a-na] = Guyana
__________________________________________________________
[Gam-bi-a] = Gambia
______________________________________________________________
[Gi-ni] = Guinea
__________________________________________________________________
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
19
Combinate:
[O-man] = Oman
__________________________________________________________________
[Mil-la-no] = Milano
______________________________________________________________
[Ro-ma] = Roma
__________________________________________________________________
[Mo-ro-ni] = Moroni (capital Comoros)
______________________________________________________________
[Na-i-ro-bi] = Nairobi (capital Kenya)
__________________________________________________________
[Il-li-no-i] = Illinois
__________________________________________________________
[Bol-li-bi-a] = Bolivia
__________________________________________________________
[Bon] = Bonn (capital Germania de Vest)
___________________________________________________________________
[ba-i-ol-lin] = vioar
__________________________________________________________
[rok] = rock
___________________________________________________________________
2. (final) denumire: Ieung [] ;
denumire fonetic la sfritul caracterului: [ng];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Ga-bong] = Gabon
__________________________________________________________________
[Ang-gol-la] = Angola
______________________________________________________________
[Ri-ong] = Lyon
__________________________________________________________________
[Mong-gol] = Mongolia
__________________________________________________________________
20
[bol-ling] = bowling
__________________________________________________________________
3. denumire: Digeut [] ;
la nceputul caracterului: [d] ;
la sfritul caracterului: [t] ;
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[bil-ding] = cldire
__________________________________________________________________
[An-do-ra] = Andorra
______________________________________________________________
[In-do] = India
__________________________________________________________________
[ra-di-o] = radio
______________________________________________________________
[bi-di-o] = video
______________________________________________________________
4. denumire: Siot [] ;
denumire fonetic : [s] ;
ordinea scrierii:
21
OBS! [so], [sa], dar [i], [eo]. Atunci cnd ntlnete i se citete .
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Sa-na] = Sana (capital Yemen)
__________________________________________________________________
[Si-ri-a] = Siria
______________________________________________________________
[So-mal-li-a] = Somalia
__________________________________________________________
[Sa-dam] = Saddam
__________________________________________________________________
5. denumire: [eu] ;
ordinea scrierii:
[Bo-seu-ni-a] = Bosnia
__________________________________________________________
[A-geu-ra] = Agra
______________________________________________________________
[Geu-ri-seu] = Grecia
______________________________________________________________
[Geu-ril-lan-deu] = Groelanda
__________________________________________________________
[A-i-seul-lan-deu] = Islanda
______________________________________________________
[Ri-sa-bon] = Lisabona
______________________________________________________________
[ Ma-deu-ri-deu] = Madrid
__________________________________________________________
[O-seul-lo] = Oslo (calital Norvegia)
______________________________________________________________
[Si-deu-ni] = Sidney
______________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
Asamara (capital Eritrea) = [A-seu-ma-ra]
__________________________________________________________
Madras = [Ma-deu-ra-seu]
__________________________________________________________
Syngman (Rhee) = [Seung-man (Lee)] ()
______________________________________________________________
n limba coreean, nu exist f, , z, v. Cum le nlocuim? Simplu. Pentru f, folosim ,
pentru v, folosim , pentru , folosim , iar pentru z, folosim .
23
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Du-ba-i] = Dubai
______________________________________________________________
[Sa-u-di-a-ra-bi-a] = Arabia Saudit
______________________________________________
[Bul-ga-ri-a] = Bulgaria
__________________________________________________________
[Ru-ma-ni-a] = Romnia
__________________________________________________________
[On-du-ra-seu] = Honduras
__________________________________________________________
[Bu-san] = Busan (ora din Coreea de Sud)
__________________________________________________________________
[Su-ri-nam] = Suriname (ar din America de Sud)
______________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
Burundi = [Bu-run-di]
______________________________________________________________
Uganda = [U-gan-da]
______________________________________________________________
Brunei = [Beu-ro-na-i]
__________________________________________________________
Sudan = [Su-dan]
__________________________________________________________________
Ulsan = [Ul-san]
__________________________________________________________________
2. denumire: [eo] ;
ordinea scrierii:
24
OBS! Acest caracter are pronunia unui o spus cu jumtate de gur deschis, de aceea
seaman cu romnesc. Este un o lene.
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Deo-beul-lin] = Dublin
______________________________________________________________
[Reon-deon] = Londra
__________________________________________________________________
[Seo-ul] = Seul (capital Coreea de Sud)
__________________________________________________________________
[Sam-seon] = Samsung
__________________________________________________________________
[Ro-si-a] = Rusia
______________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
autobuz = [beo-seu]
__________________________________________________________________
cazan/ cldare = [bo-il-leo]
______________________________________________________________
dolar = [dal-leo]
__________________________________________________________________
mami = [eom-ma]
__________________________________________________________________
serviciu = [seo-bi-seu]
______________________________________________________________
virus = [ba-i-reo-seu]
__________________________________________________________
Oregon = [O-ri-geon]
______________________________________________________________
3. denumire: [e];
ordinea scrierii:
25
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Ba-re-in] = Bahrain
______________________________________________________________
[Ra-i-be-ri-a] = Liberia
______________________________________________________
[Ge-im] = joc (eng. game)
__________________________________________________________________
[Mal-le-i-si-a] = Malaezia
______________________________________________________
[Se-ne-gal] = Senegal
______________________________________________________________
[Bel-gi-a] = Belgia
______________________________________________________________
[El-Sal-ba-dor] = El Salvador
______________________________________________________
4. denumire: [ae] ;
ordinea scrierii:
26
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Ma-i-ae-mi] = Miami
__________________________________________________________
[Dael-leo-seu] = Dalas
______________________________________________________________
[Saen-di-e-i-go] = San Diego
______________________________________________________
[Daen-seo] = dansator,oare
__________________________________________________________________
[Dae-gu] = Daegu (ora din Coreea de Sud)
__________________________________________________________________
[raep] = rap
___________________________________________________________________
[Ael-la-bae-ma] = Alabama
__________________________________________________________
[Nae-ba-da] = Nevada
______________________________________________________________
5. denumire: Hieut [] ;
denumire fonetic: [h] ;
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[Ba-ha-ma]= Bahamas
______________________________________________________________
[Hong-ga-ri]= Ungaria
______________________________________________________________
[Do-ha]= Doha (capital Qatar)
__________________________________________________________________
[Ha-no-i]= Hanoi (capital Vietnam)
______________________________________________________________
[Ha-ra-re]= Harare (capital Zimbabwe)
27
______________________________________________________________
[Ho-nol-lu-lu]= Honolulu
__________________________________________________________
[Sang-ha-i]= Shanghai
______________________________________________________________
[haem-b-g]= hamburger
______________________________________________________________
[O-ha-i-o]= Ohio
__________________________________________________________
6. denumire: Jieut [];
denumire fonetic: [j];
ordinea scrierii:
28
[Ni-je-r]= Niger
______________________________________________________________
[Be-i-jing]= Beijing
______________________________________________________________
[o-raen-ji-ju-s]= suc de portocale
____________________________________________________
[me-si-ji]= mesaj
______________________________________________________________
[so-ju]= soju (butur din Coreea)
_________________________________________________________________
Hello people! Cum stai cu nvatul? Astzi chiar mi doresc s aflu cum merge nvatul la
voi. Ai nceput s recunoatei caracterele nvate anterior? Sper c da deoarece de astzi nu
mai romanizez cuvintele :D. tiu c m vei critica cu toii pentru asta, dar gndii-v mai bine
aa: dac o s romanizez cuvintele n continuare, mai reuii s reinei caracterele? Eu cred c
nu. Sper s v ajute cele dou schimbri majore din lecia de azi. Mult baft!
__________________________________________________________________
[Al-lae-s-ka] = Alaska
__________________________________________________________
[Sl-lo-ba-ki-a] = Slovacia
______________________________________________________
[Ke-i-k] = pr[jitur[, tort (din eng. cake)
______________________________________________________________
[Hael-sing-ki] = Helsinki
______________________________________________________________
[ka-me-ra] = aparat de fotografiat
______________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
Cuba = [Ku-ba]
___________________________________________________________________________
Lusaka = [Ru-sa-ka]
___________________________________________________________________________
Chicago = [Si-ka-go]
___________________________________________________________________________
kilogram = [kil-lo]
___________________________________________________________________________
Hamburg = [Ham-bu-r-k]
___________________________________________________________________________
Danemanrca = [Den-ma-k]
___________________________________________________________________________
Oklahoma = [O-kl-la-ho-ma]
___________________________________________________________________________
Clas = [kl-la-s]
___________________________________________________________________________
2. denumire fonetic : [ya]
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
30
[Ya-un-de] = Yaounde
___________________________________________________________________________
[Ke-nya] = Kenya
___________________________________________________________________________
[Kin-sya-sa] = Kinasa (din Congo)
___________________________________________________________________________
[Re-i-kya-bi-k] = Reykjavik (capital Islanda)
___________________________________________________________________________
[S-k-sya] = Scoia
___________________________________________________________________________
3. denumire: Tieut [] ;
denumire fonetic: [t ] ;
romanizare: [t] ;
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
[On-ta-ri-o] = Ontario
___________________________________________________________________________
[te-ni-s] = tenis
___________________________________________________________________________
[in-t-net] = internet
___________________________________________________________________________
[I-jip-t] = Egipt
___________________________________________________________________________
[ho-tel] = hotel
___________________________________________________________________________
[Ra-t-bi-a] = Letonia
___________________________________________________________________________
[nek-ta-i] = cravat
___________________________________________________________________________
[Te-ne-si] = Tennessee (stat din SUA)
___________________________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
Seattle = [Si-ae-tl]
31
___________________________________________________________________________
Boston = [Bo-s-tn]
___________________________________________________________________________
lift = [el-li-be-i-t]
___________________________________________________________________________
Malta = [Mol-ta]
___________________________________________________________________________
Amsterdam = [Am-s-te-r-dam]
___________________________________________________________________________
vitamine = [bi-ta-min]
___________________________________________________________________________
Austria = [O-s-t-ri-a] _______________________________________________________
chitar= [gi-ta]
___________________________________________________________________________
Rabat = [Ra-ba-t ]
___________________________________________________________________________
4. denumire: Pieup [] ;
denumire fonetic : [p ] ;
romanizare: [p];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
____________
Combinate:
= Paris
___________________________________________________________________________
= Frana
___________________________________________________________________________
= El Paso
___________________________________________________________________________
= cafea
___________________________________________________________________________
= Singapore
___________________________________________________________________________
32
= golf
___________________________________________________________________________
= fax
___________________________________________________________________________
= Mississippi
___________________________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
Oper = [o-pe-ra] ___________________________________________________________
Pennsylvania = [Pen-sil-be-i-ni-a]
___________________________________________________________________________
pizza = [pi-ja]
___________________________________________________________________________
Florida = [Pl-lo-ri-da]
___________________________________________________________________________
Polonia = [Pol-lan-d]
___________________________________________________________________________
Panama = [Pa-na-ma]
___________________________________________________________________________
OBS! Pronunia acestui caracter este deseori confundat cu din cauza asemnrii
caracterelor. Caracterul se pronun [th] (ca in cha-cha).
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
33
Combinate:
= Massachusetts
___________________________________________________________________________
= Chile
___________________________________________________________________________
= ceai, main
___________________________________________________________________________
= Chad
___________________________________________________________________________
= prieten,-
___________________________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
Incheo= [In-chn]
___________________________________________________________________________
banc/ banchet = [ben-chi]
___________________________________________________________________________
kimchi = [gim-chi]
___________________________________________________________________________
34
___________________________________________________________________________
= scrisoare
___________________________________________________________________________
= fat, femeie, de sex feminin
___________________________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangl:
Pyngyang = [Pyng-yang]
___________________________________________________________________________
creion = [yn-pil]
___________________________________________________________________________
2. denumire: [yo];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= Iordania
___________________________________________________________________________
= cumprturi (din eng shopping)
___________________________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangl:
Toyota = [Do-yo-da]
___________________________________________________________________________
Tokyo = [Do-ky]
___________________________________________________________________________
3. denumire: [yu];
ordinea scrierii:
35
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= musical
___________________________________________________________________________
= meniu
___________________________________________________________________________
= calculator/computer
___________________________________________________________________________
= supermarket
___________________________________________________________________________
= tiri
___________________________________________________________________________
Exerciii de scriere n Hangeul:
New Jeresy = [Nyu-j-ji]
___________________________________________________________________________
Utah = [Yu-ta]
___________________________________________________________________________
New Delhi = [Nyu-del-li]
___________________________________________________________________________
Mogadishu = [Mo-ga-di-syu]
___________________________________________________________________________
Houston = [Hyu-s-tn]
___________________________________________________________________________
Noua Zeelanda = [Nyu-Jil-laen-d]
___________________________________________________________________________
4. denumire: [ye];
ordinea scrierii:
36
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= da
___________________________________________________________________________
= art
___________________________________________________________________________
= a rezerva
___________________________________________________________________________
5. denumire:[yae];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= a vorbi
___________________________________________________________________________
OBS! Acest caracter nu este folosit foarte des.
37
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
!= Wow!
___________________________________________________________________________
= muzeu
___________________________________________________________________________
2. denumire: [wae]; - pronunie general:uee(e lung);
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
?= De ce? (informal) formal:?
___________________________________________________________________________
= a fi bine, a fi ok
38
___________________________________________________________________________
3. denumire: [oe]; - pronunie general:oe(citit repede);
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= firm, companie
___________________________________________________________________________
= angajat la firm
___________________________________________________________________________
4. denumire: [w];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= parc
___________________________________________________________________________
= won (moneda naional a Coreei)
___________________________________________________________________________
?= Pe ce? (informal)
___________________________________________________________________________
39
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= webhard
___________________________________________________________________________
= website
___________________________________________________________________________
6. denumire:[wi];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= pe, deasupra
___________________________________________________________________________
7. denumire: [eui] sau [i]; - pronunie general:i;
40
ordinea scrierii:
OBS! Acest caracter are dou pronunii, cteodat chiar 3. Le voi detalia n leciile
urmtoare.
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= scaun
___________________________________________________________________________
= doctor (ca meserie)
___________________________________________________________________________
= particul posesiv (vom nva mai ncolo particulele)
___________________________________________________________________________
41
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= culoarea neagr
___________________________________________________________________________
= neaprat, cu siguran
___________________________________________________________________________
= floare
___________________________________________________________________________
= a termina, a sfri
___________________________________________________________________________
= susan
___________________________________________________________________________
= n final, n sfrit
___________________________________________________________________________
2. denumire: []; - pronunie ncordat;
denumire fonetic: [t];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= a fi cald
___________________________________________________________________________
= timp
___________________________________________________________________________
= a pleca
___________________________________________________________________________
= a fi la fel
___________________________________________________________________________
= n fa, drept nainte
___________________________________________________________________________
3. denumire: []; - pronunie ncordat;
denumire fonetic: [p];
42
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= a spla rufe
___________________________________________________________________________
= pine
___________________________________________________________________________
= culoarea roie
___________________________________________________________________________
= a fi ocupat
___________________________________________________________________________
= a fi drgu, frumos
___________________________________________________________________________
4. denumire: []; - pronunie ncordat;
denumire fonetic: [ss];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= a scrie, a fi amar
___________________________________________________________________________
= Mr./Mrs.
___________________________________________________________________________
43
= a fi ieftin
___________________________________________________________________________
5. denumire:[]; - pronunie ncordat;
denumire fonetic: [ dj];
ordinea scrierii:
Exersai:
_______________________________________________________________
Combinate:
= a fi srat
__________________________________________________________________________
= aproximativ
__________________________________________________________________________
Bun! n afar de excepiile consoanelor duble, am nvat tot alfabetul. Cum v simii?
Eu, personal, m-a simi extraordinar! Bineneles, mai avem nevoie de exerciiu pentru a-l
reine complet, dar totui... am terminat alfabetul coreean! Felicitri! Drept premiu, as dori s
ncercai s v scriei propriul nume n limba coreean. Se poate?
44