Unit7 B MKM

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Problem 1 Moist air at 30C,1.01325 bar has a relative humidity of 80%.

Determine without using the psychrometry chart 1) Partial pressures of water vapour and air 2) Specific humidity 3) Specific Volume and 4) Dew point temperature (V.T.U. July2004)
Solution : At 30C from table ps = 4.2461kPa

p ps 0.622 p 3.397 = 0.622 x 101.325 3.397 p p = 0.213 kg/kg of dry air.

p = 0.8 x 4.2461 = 3.397 kPa

Corresponding to Pv =3.397 kPa from tables, we get dew point temperature = 28.9C Problem 2: Atmospheric air at 101.325 kPa ha 30C DBT and 15C DPT. Without using the pschrometric chart, using the property values from the table, Calculate 1. Partial pressure of air and water vapour 2. Specific humidity 3. Relative humidity 4. Vapour density and 5. Enthalpy of moist air Solution : p = 101.325kpa = 1.01325bar DBT = 30C ,
DPT = 15C

From table Corresponding to DBT = 30C, we have ps = 0.042461bar Corresponding to DPT = 15C, we have p = 0.017051bar Partial pressure of air = p - p = 1.01325 0.017051 = 0.984274 bar

Specific humidity = 0.622

p 0.622 x0.017051 = 0.984274 pa

= 0.01077kJ/kg of dry air


Re lative humidity =

p 0.017051 = = 0.4015 ps 0.042461 = 40.15%

Enthalphy = 1.005t db + (2500 + 1088t db )

= 1.005x30 + 0.010775(2500 + 1.88x30) = 57.69kj/kg of dry air

Specific volume of dry air, a = =

RT P

0.2872x303 = 0.874m3 / kg 0.98425 x100 0.010775 = = 0.12kg / m3 Vapour density w = a 0.847


Problem 3: Air at 30C DBT and 25C WBT is heated to 40C. if the air is 300 m3/min, find the amount of heat added/min and RH and WBT of air. Take air pressure to be 1 bar Solution: At 25C WBT from tables pwswbt=0.03166 bar

p = ( P VS ) wbt = 0.03166 -

( p pswbt )(tdb twb ) 1547 1.44t wb

(1 - 0.03166)(30 - 25) 1547 1.44 x 25 = 0.0284 bar p p p

1 = 0.622
= 0.622

0.0284 1 0.0284 = 0.0179kJ / kg of dry air

At 40C DBT PVS = 0.07375bar During sensible heating and p remain constant p = 0.0284bar RH = = p 0.0284 = ps 0.07375

= 0.385 = 38.5% H 2 = 1.005 x 40 + 0.0179(2500 + 1.88 x 40) = 86.29kJ/kg of dry air


( p p )V RT 2 (1 - 0.0284)x300x10 = = 335.18kg / min 0.287 x303 Heat added/min = 335.18(86.29 - 76) = 3449kJ/min Weight of 300m 3 / min ofair = From chart WBT = 27.2C

Problem 4: One stream of air at 5.5m3/min at 15C and 60% RH flows into another stream of air at 35m3/min at 25C and 70%RH, calculate for the mixture 1) Dry bulb temperature, 2) Wet bulb temperature 3) Specific Humidity and 4) Enthalpy Solution: For air at 15C and 60%RH, V=5.5m3/min
ps = 0.017051bar RH = = p ps

p = 0.6 x0.017051 = 0.01023bar (p - p )V (1.01325 0.01023) x10 2 x5.5 = RT 0.287 x 288 m1 = 6.672kg / min Mass of air =

1 =

0.622 p 0.622 x0.01023 = (p - p ) (1.01325 0.01023) = 0.006343kg / kg of dry air

H1 = 1.005t db + 1 (2500 + 1.88t db ) = 1.008x18 + 0.006343(2500 + 1.88x15) = 34.12J/kg of dry air For air at 25C and 70% RH, P s = 0.03169bar V = 35m 3 / min

= RH =

p ps

p = 0.03169 x0.7 = 0.02218bar H1 = 1.005t db + 1 (2500 + 1.88t db ) = 1.008x18 + 0.006343(2500 + 1.88x15) = 34.12J/kg of dry air For air at 25C and 70% RH, P s = 0.03169bar V = 35m 3 / min

= RH =

p ps

p = 0.03169 x0.7 = 0.02218bar Mass of air = (1.01325 - 0.02218x102 x35) 0.287 x 298 m 2 = 40.55kg . min

2 =

0.622 x0.02218 = 0.01392kg / kg of dry air (1.01325 0.02218) H 2 = (1.005 x 25) + 0.01392(2500 + 1.88 x 25) H 2 = 60.59kJ / kg of dry air Mass of dry air/Unit mass of moist air m a1 = m1 6.672 = = 6.6299 1 + 1 1 + 0.006343 m2 40.55 = = 39.993 1 + 2 1 + 0.01392

Since m a2 =

Then enthalpy of the mixed air, H mix = = ma1 ( H1 ) + ma 2 ( H 2 ) m1 + m2

6.6299(34.12) + 39.993(60.56) 6.672 + 40.55) = 55.96 kJ/kg of dry air

Specific Humidity of the mixed air,

mix =
=

ma1 (1 ) + ma 2 (2 ) m1 + m2

(6.6299x0.006343) + (39.993x0.01932) 6.672 + 40.55 = 0.01268kg/kg of dry air But H mix = 1.005t db + mix (2500 + 1.88t db ) 55.96 = 1.005 xtdb + 0.01234(2500 + 1.88t db ) t db = 24.42C
DBT of the mixture = 24.42C From chart WBT = 19C RH = 67%

Problem 5: An air conditioning system is designed under the following conditions Outdoor conditions: 30CDBT, 75% RH Required indoor conditions: 22CDBT,70% RH Amount of Free air circulated 3.33 m3/s Coil dew point temperature DPT=14 The required condition is achieved first by cooling and dehumidification and then by heating. Estimate 1) The capacity of the cooling coil in tons of refrigeration 2) Capacity of the heating coil in kW 3) The amount of water vapour removed in kg/hr Solution:
Locate point ' a' 30C DBT, 75%RH out door condition Locate point ' d' 22C DBT, 70%RH required condition Locate point ' b' 14C DPT, coil surface temperature Join ab at d, draw a horizontal line to cut the line ab at point c. ac cooling and dehumidification cd heating

From chart H a = 83kJ / kg of air H b = 40kJ / kg of air H d = 53kJ / kg of air H c = 48kJ / kg of air Wa = 0.0202kg / kg of dry air Wc = Wd = 0.0118kg / kg of dry air Vsa = 0.88m3 / kg V 3.33 Mass of air = = = 3.78kg / s Va 0.88
Capacity of cooling coil = = ma (H a H c ) 3 .5

3.78(83 48) = 37.84tons of refrigeration 3 .5 Capacity of heating coil = m a ( H d H c ) = 3.78(53 - 48) = 18.92kW Amount of water vapour removed = m a (a d )3600

= 3.78(0.0202 - 0.0118)3600 = 114.3kg/hr

Problem 6: A summer air conditioning system for hot and humid weather (DBT=32Cand 70% RH) Consists in passing the atmosphere air over a cooling coil where the air is cooled and dehumidified. The air leaving the cooling coil is saturated at the coil temperature. It is then sensibly heated to the required comfort condition of 24C and 50%RH by passing it over an electric heater then delivered to the room. Sketch the flow diagram of the arrangement and represent the process undergone by the air on a skeleton psychometric chart and determine 1) The temperature of the cooling coil 2) The amount of moisture removed per kg of dry air in the cooling coil. 3) The heat removed per kg of dry air in the cooling coil and 4) The heat added per kg of dry air in the heating coil From chart H a = 86kJ / kg of air H b = 38kJ / kg of air H c = 48.5kJ / kg of air

a = 0.021kg / kg of dry air b = 0.0092kg / kg of dry air

The temperature of the cooling coil = Tb = 13C Amount of moisture removed = a b = 0.021 - 0.0092 = 0.0108kg/kg of dry air Heat removed = H a H b = 86 38 = 48 kJ/kg of dry air Heat added = H c H b = 48.5 38 = 10.5 kJ/kg of dry air Locate point ' a' 32C , 70%RH out door condition Locate point ' c' 24C DBT, 50%RH required condition At c draw a horizontal line to cut the saturation line at point ' b' Join ab ab cooling and dehumidification bc heating

Problem 7
It is required to design an air conditioning plant for an office room with the following conditions. Outdoor conditions: 14CDBT, 10CWBT Required conditions: 20CDBT,60% RH Amount of air circulated 0.3m3/min/person Starting capacity of the office= 60 The required condition is achieved first by heating and then by adiabatic humidifying. Determine the following. Heating capacity of the coil in kW and the surface temperature required, if the by pass factor of the coil is 0.4 Capacity of the humidifier.

Locate point ' a' 14C , and 10CWBT (out door condition) Locate point ' c' 20C DBT, 60%RH required condition At a draw a horizontal line At ' c' draw a constant enthalpy line to cut the horozontal line at point ' b' Join ab ab heating bc adiabatic humidification

From chart H a = 30kJ / kg of air H b = H c = 43kJ / kg of air

a = b = 0.006kg / kg of dry air c = 0.00875 kg/kg of dry air


Specific volome Vsa = 0.8175m3 / kg Volume of air supplied = V = 0.3x60 = 0.3m3 / sec 60 V 0 .3 Weight of air supplied m a = = Va 0.8175
= 0.3669kg/sec Capacity of the heating coil = m a ( H b H a ) = 0.3669(43 - 30) = 4.77kW From chart Tb = 26.5C Let coil surface temperature be Td By passing factor = Td Tb = 0.4Td 5.6 = Td 26kJ Td Ta Td 26.5 Td 1.4

0 .4 =

Td = 34.8C Capacity of the humidifier = m a (c b ) x3600 = 0.3669(0.00875 - 0.006)3600 = 3.63kg/hour

Problem 8
An air conditioned system is to be designed for a hall of 200 seating capacity when the following conditions are given: Atmospheric condition = 300C DBT and 50% RH Indoor condition = 220C DBT and 60% RH Volume of air required = 0.4m3/min/person The required condition is achieved first by chemical dehumidification and after that by sensible cooling. Find the following . a) DBT of the air leaving the dehumidifier. b) The quantity of water vapour removed in the duhumidifier per hour. c) The capacity of cooling coil in tons of refrigeration. d) Surface temperature of the coil if the by pass factor of the coil is 0.25.

Solution:

a d c b

220C

300C

DBT Locate point a, 300C DBT, 50% RH, the atmospheric condition. Locate point c, 220C DBT, 60% RH, the required indoor condition. Since chemical dehumidification process follows constant enthalpy line at a draw a line parallel to constant enthalpy line. At c draw a constant line to cut the previous line at point b. a) DBT of air leaving the dehumidifier Tb = 40.50C From chart Hb = Ha = 65kJ/kg, a = 0.013 kg/kg of dry air Hc = 45 kJ/kg, b = 0.009 kg/kg of dry air Vsa = 0.875 m3/min Volume of air = 200 X 0.4 = 80 m3/min Wa = Weight of air = V/Vsa = 80/0.875 = 91.42 kg/min b) Quantity of water vapour removed/hour = Wa(a-b)60 = 91.42(0.13-0.009)60 = 21.94 kg/hr c) Capacity of cooling coil = Wa(Ha-Hb)/ (60 X 3.5) = 91.42(65-45)/(60 X 3.5) = 8.7 tons d) By pass factor = (Tc-Td)/( Tb-Td) = 0.25 Td = Temperature of cooling coil = 15.830C

Problem 9
An air conditioned system is to be designed for a cinema hall of 1000 seating capacity when the following conditions are given: Outdoor condition = 110C DBT and 70% RH Required indoor condition = 200C DBT and 60% RH

Amount of air required = 0.3m3/min/person The required condition is achieved first by heating, then by humidifuing and finaly by heating. The condition of air coming out of the humidifier is 75% RH. Find the following . a) Heating capacity of the first heater in kW and condition of the air coming out of the first heater in kW and condition of the air Solution:

a d c b

220C

300C

DBT Locate point a, 300C DBT, 50% RH, the atmospheric condition. Locate point c, 220C DBT, 60% RH, the required indoor condition. Since chemical dehumidification process follows constant enthalpy line at a draw a line parallel to constant enthalpy line. At c draw a constant line to cut the previous line at point b. e) DBT of air leaving the dehumidifier Tb = 40.50C From chart Hb = Ha = 65kJ/kg, a = 0.013 kg/kg of dry air Hc = 45 kJ/kg, b = 0.009 kg/kg of dry air Vsa = 0.875 m3/min Volume of air = 200 X 0.4 = 80 m3/min Wa = Weight of air = V/Vsa = 80/0.875 = 91.42 kg/min f) Quantity of water vapour removed/hour = Wa(a-b)60 = 91.42(0.13-0.009)60 = 21.94 kg/hr g) Capacity of cooling coil = Wa(Ha-Hb)/ (60 X 3.5) = 91.42(65-45)/(60 X 3.5) = 8.7 tons h) By pass factor = (Tc-Td)/( Tb-Td) = 0.25 Td = Temperature of cooling coil = 15.830C

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