A Prefix Is An Affix Which Is Placed Before The Stem of A Word

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Prefix

A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Particularly in the study of
Semitic languages, a prefix is called a preformative, because it alters the form of the words to
which it is affixed.

Examples:

Prefix Meaning Examples


ante- before, preceding antecedent, ante-room
anti-also ant- opposing, against, the opposite anti-aircraft, antibiotic, anticlimax, Antarctic
contra- against, opposite contraceptive
counter- opposition, opposite direction counter-attack, counteract
dia-also di- through, across diagonal
extra- outside, beyond extracurricular
hemi- half hemisphere
beyond, more than, more than
hyper- hypersonic, hyperactive
normal
infra- below infrared, infrastructure
peri- round, about perimeter

Suffix

In linguistics, a suffix (also sometimes called a postfix or ending) is an affix which is placed after
the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of
nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the conjugation of verbs. Particularly in the
study of Semitic languages, a suffix is called an afformative, as they can alter the form of the
words to which they are fixed. In Indo-European studies, a distinction is made between suffixes
and endings (see Proto-Indo-European root).

Suffixes can carry grammatical information (inflectional suffixes) or lexical information


(derivational suffixes). An inflectional suffix is sometimes called a desinence

Suffix Meaning Examples


capable of
able, ible portable, legible
(adjective suffix)
-ful full of, having some or much hopeful , useful
-holic love , addiction alcoholic
-ism doctrine, act, practice, condition Protestantism , alcoholism , Buddhism
-ist person dentist
-less lack of homeless , useless
an irrational but irresistible motive
-mania kleptomania , megalomania ,
for a belief or action
from Greek skopos , view;
-scope instrument for viewing and microscope , telescope
observing spaces
-ship circle, state of being friendship , relationship
-ward direction southward

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