A GD is a methodology used by an organization to gauge whether the candidate has

certain personality traits and/or skills that it desires in its members. In this methodology,
the group of candidates is given a topic or a situation, given a few minutes to think about
the same, and then asked to discuss the it among themselves for 15-20 minutes.
Freshersworld.com brings you an elaborate section for GD as you had ever seen
anywhere else.

Some of the personality traits the GD is trying to gauge may

include :-

Ability to work in a team

Communication skills
Reasoning ability
Leadership skills
Initiative
Assertiveness
Flexibility
Creativity
Ability to think on ones feet

Why GDs:-

The reason why institutes put you through a Group discussion and an interview, after
testing your technical and conceptual skills in an exam, is to get to know you as a person
and gauge how well you will fit in their institute. The Group discussion tests how you
function as a part of a team. As a manager, you will always be working in teams, as a
member or as a leader. Therefore how you interact in a team becomes an important
criterion for your selection. Managers have to work in a team and get best results out of
teamwork. That is the reason why management institutes include GD as a component of
the selection procedure.

Company's Perspective:-

Companies conduct group discussion after the written test so as to check on your
interactive skills and how good you are at communicating with other people. The GD is
to check how you behave, participate and contribute in a group, how much importance do
you give to the group objective as well as your own, how well do you listen to viewpoints
of others and how open-minded are you in accepting views contrary to your own. The
aspects which make up a GD are verbal communication, non-verbal behavior,
conformation to norms, decision-making ability and cooperation. You should try to be as
true as possible to these aspects.
 Types of GD

GDs can be topic-based or case-based.

Topic based Gds can be classified into three types :-

1. Factual Topics
2. Controversial Topics
3. Abstract Topics

Factual Topics:-

Factual topics are about practical things, which an ordinary person is aware of in his day-
to-day life. Typically these are about socio-economic topics. These can be current, i.e.
they may have been in the news lately, or could be unbound by time. A factual topic for
discussion gives a candidate a chance to prove that he is aware of and sensitive to his
environment.
E.g. The education policy of India, Tourism in India, State of the aged in the nation.

Controversial Topics:-
Controversial topics are the ones that are argumentative in nature. They are meant to
generate controversy. In GDs where these topics are given for discussion, the noise level
is usually high, there may be tempers flying. The idea behind giving a topic like this is to
see how much maturity the candidate is displaying by keeping his temper in check, by
rationally and logically arguing his point of view without getting personal and emotional.
E.g. Reservations should be removed, Women make better managers

Abstract Topics:-
Abstract topics are about intangible things. These topics are not given often for
discussion, but their possibility cannot be ruled out. These topics test your lateral thinking
and creativity.
E.g. A is an alphabet, Twinkle twinkle little star, The number 10

Case-based Gd:-
Another variation is the use of a case instead of a topic.
The case study tries to simulate a real-life situation. Information about the situation will
be given to you and you would be asked as a group to resolve the situation. In the case
study there are no incorrect answers or perfect solutions. The objective in the case study
is to get you to think about the situation from various angles.
IIM A, IIM Indore and IIT SOM Mumbai have a case-based discussion rather than topic-
based discussion in their selection procedures.
 Why do we have GD ?

Reasons for having a GD

• It helps you to understand a subject more deeply.

• It improves your ability to think critically.
• It helps in solving a particular problem.
• It helps the group to make a particular decision.
• It gives you the chance to hear other students' ideas.
• It improves your listening skills.
• It increases your confidence in speaking.
• It can change your attitudes.

Strategies for Improving GD Skills for Tutorials & Seminars

Asking questions and joining in discussions are important skills for university study. If
you find it difficult to speak or ask questions in tutorials, try the following strategies.

Observe

Attend as many seminars and tutorials as possible and notice what other students do. Ask
yourself:

• How do other students make critical comments?

• How do they ask questions?
• How do they disagree with or support arguments?
• What special phrases do they use to show politeness even when they are voicing
disagreement?
• How do they signal to interrupt, ask a question or make a point?

Practice

Start practicing your discussion skills in an informal setting or with a small group. Start
with asking questions of fellow students. Ask them about the course material. Ask for
their opinions. Ask for information or ask for help.

Participate

Take every opportunity to take part in social/informal discussions as well as more

structured/formal discussion. Start by making small contributions to tutorial discussions;
prepare a question to ask, or agree with another speaker's remarks.

Discussion Etiquette (or minding your manners)

Do
 • Speak pleasantly and politely to the group.
• Respect the contribution of every speaker.
• Remember that a discussion is not an argument. Learn to disagree politely.
• Think about your contribution before you speak. How best can you answer the
question/ contribute to the topic?
• Try to stick to the discussion topic. Don't introduce irrelevant information.
• Be aware of your body language when you are speaking.
• Agree with and acknowledge what you find interesting.

Don't

• Lose your temper. A discussion is not an argument.

• Shout. Use a moderate tone and medium pitch.
• Use too many gestures when you speak. Gestures like finger pointing and table
thumping can appear aggressive.
• Dominate the discussion. Confident speakers should allow quieter students a
chance to contribute.
• Draw too much on personal experience or anecdote. Although some tutors
encourage students to reflect on their own experience, remember not to generalise
too much.
• Interrupt. Wait for a speaker to finish what they are saying before you speak.

Leading a Discussion

You may be in a seminar group that requires you to lead a group discussion, or lead a
discussion after an oral presentation. You can demonstrate leadership by:

• introducing yourself and the members of the group

• stating the purpose of the discussion
• inviting quiet group members to speak
• being objective
• summarizing the discussion

Chairing a Group Discussion

When chairing a discussion group you must communicate in a positive way to assist the
speakers in accomplishing their objective. There are at least four leadership skills you can
use to influence other people positively and help your group achieve its purpose. These
skills include:

• introducing the topic and purpose of the discussion,

• making sure all members have approximately the same time, (i.e. no one
dominates the discussion by taking too much time)
• thanking group members for their contribution
• being objective in summarizing the group's discussion and achievements.
 How to Face GD

A group discussion consists of:

1. Communication Skills
2. Knowledge and ideas regarding a given subject
3. Capability to co-ordinate and lead
4. Exchange of thoughts
5. Addressing the group as a whole
6. Thorough preparations

Communication Skills

The first aspect is one's power of expression. In a group discussion, a candidate has to
talk effectively so that he is able to convince others. For convincing, one has to speak
forcefully and at the same time create an impact by his knowledge of the subject. A
candidate who is successful in holding the attention of the audience creates a positive
impact.

It is necessary that you should be precise and clear. As a rule evaluators do not look for
the wordage produced. Your knowledge on a given subject, your precision and clarity of
thought are the things that are evaluated. Irrelevant talks lead you nowhere. You should
speak as much as necessary, neither more nor less. Group discussions are not debating
stages.

Ability to listen is also what evaluators judge. They look for your ability to react on what
other participants say. Hence, it is necessary that you listen carefully to others and then
react or proceed to add some more points. Your behavior in the group is also put to test to
judge whether you are a loner or can work in a group.

You should be able to convey your thoughts satisfactorily and convincingly before a
group of people. Confidence and level headedness in doing so is necessary. These add
value to your presentation. In case you are not good at it, you might gain by joining an
institute that offers specialized courses in public speaking. For instance, British Council
Division's English Language Teaching Centre offers a wide range of courses like
conversation skills, business communication skills, business writing, negotiation skills
and presentation skills. Mostly people attend these courses to improve their
communication skills. Students here are involved in activities which use communication
skills and teachers provide inputs, monitor and facilitate the classes. The course at the
Centre makes you confident enough to speak before people without any nervousness.

Knowledge and Ideas Regarding a Given Subject

Knowledge of the subject under discussion and clarity of ideas are important. Knowledge
comes from consistent reading on various topics ranging from science and technology to
politics. In-depth knowledge makes one confident and enthusiastic and this in turn, makes
one sound convincing and confident.
Leadership and Coordinating Capabilities

The basic aim of a group discussion is to judge a candidate's leadership qualities. The
examiner withdraws and becomes a silent spectator once the discussion starts. A
candidate should display tactfulness, skill, understanding and knowledge on varied
topics, enterprise, forcefulness and other leadership qualities to motivate and influence
other candidates who may be almost equally competent.

Exchange of Thoughts

A group discussion is an exchange of thoughts and ideas among members of a group.

These discussions are held for selecting personnel in organisations where there is a high
level of competition. The number of participants in a group can vary between 8 and 15.
Mostly a topic or a situation is given to group members who have to discuss it within 10
to 20 minutes.

The purpose is to get an idea about candidates in a short time and make assessments
about their skills, which normally cannot be evaluated in an interview. These skills may
be team membership, leadership skills, listening and articulation skills.

A note is made of your contributions to the discussion, comprehension of the main idea,
the rapport you strike, patience, assertion, accommodation, amenability, etc. Body
language and eye contact too are important points which are to be considered. .

Addressing the Group as a Whole

In a group discussion it is not necessary to address anyone by name. Even otherwise you
may not know everyone's names. It better to address the group as a whole.

Address the person farthest from you. If he can hear you everyone else too can. Needless
to add, as for the interview, attend the group discussion in formal dress. The language
used should also be formal, not the language used in normal conversations. For instance,
words and phrases like "yar", "chalta hai", "CP", "I dunno", etc. are out. This is not to say
you should use a high sounding, pedantic language. Avoiding both, just use formal, plain
and simple language. Hinglish, (mixture of Hindi and English) should be discarded.

Confidence and coolness while presenting your viewpoint are of help. See that you do not
keep repeating a point. Do not use more words than necessary. Do not be superfluous. Try
to be specific. Do not exaggerate.

Thorough Preparation

Start making preparations for interview and group discussions right away, without
waiting till the eleventh hour, this is, if and when called for them. Then the time left may
not be adequate. It is important to concentrate on subject knowledge and general
awareness. Hence, the prime need for thorough preparation. Remember, the competition
is very tough. Only 460 candidates make it to the final list from 2.75 lakh civil service
aspirants each year.

It may so happen that you are called for interviews and group discussions from three or
four organizations but are not selected by any. The reason obviously lies in your not being
well-prepared.

In a group discussion you may be given a topic and asked to express your views on it. Or
in a case study GD, students have to read a case study and suggest ways of tackling the
problem. For this you should have a good general knowledge, need to be abreast with
current affairs, should regularly read newspapers and magazines. Your group behaviour
and communication skills are on test, i.e. how you convince the others and how clearly
you are able to express your points of view. You should be articulate, generate ideas, not
sound boring, should allow others to speak, and adopt a stand on a given subject. During
the course of the GD this stand can even be changed, giving the impression that you are
open to accommodate others' viewpoints.

Additional marks may be given for starting or concluding the discussion.

Points to Remember

• Knowledge is strength. A candidate with good reading habits has more chances of
success. In other words, sound knowledge on different topics like politics,
finance, economy, science and technology is helpful.
• Power to convince effectively is another quality that makes you stand out
among others.
• Clarity in speech and expression is yet another essential quality.
• If you are not sure about the topic of discussion, it is better not to initiate. Lack
of knowledge or wrong approach creates a bad impression. Instead, you might
adopt the wait and watch attitude. Listen attentively to others, may be you would
be able to come up with a point or two later.
• A GD is a formal occasion where slang is to avoided.
• A GD is not a debating stage. Participants should confine themselves to
expressing their viewpoints. In the second part of the discussion candidates can
exercise their choice in agreeing, disagreeing or remaining neutral.
• Language use should be simple, direct and straight forward.
• Don't interrupt a speaker when the session is on. Try to score by increasing your
size, not by cutting others short.
• Maintain rapport with fellow participants. Eye contact plays a major role. Non-
verbal gestures, such as listening intently or nodding while appreciating
someone's viewpoint speak of you positively.
• Communicate with each and every candidate present. While speaking don't keep
looking at a single member. Address the entire group in such a way that everyone
feels you are speaking to him or her.
 GD Tips

1. Initiation Techniques
2. Body of the group discussion
3. Summarization/ Conclusion

Initiation Techniques

• Initiating a GD is a high profit-high loss strategy.

When you initiate a GD, you not only grab the opportunity to speak, you also grab
the attention of the examiner and your fellow candidates.

If you can make a favourable first impression with your content and
communication skills after you initiate a GD, it will help you sail through the
discussion.

But if you initiate a GD and stammer/ stutter/ quote wrong facts and figures, the
damage might be irreparable.

If you initiate a GD impeccably but don't speak much after that, it gives the
impression that you started the GD for the sake of starting it or getting those
initial kitty of points earmarked for an initiator!

When you start a GD, you are responsible for putting it into the right perspective
or framework. So initiate one only if you have in-depth knowledge about the topic
at hand.

Body of the group discussion

• Different techniques to initiate a GD and make a good first impression:

i. Quotes
ii. Definition
iii. Question
iv. Shock statement
v. Facts, figures and statistics
vi. Short story
vii. General statement

i. Quotes

Quotes are an effective way of initiating a GD.

If the topic of a GD is: Should the Censor Board be abolished?, you could start
with a quote like, 'Hidden apples are always sweet'.
For a GD topic like, Customer is King, you could quote Sam (Wall-mart) Walton's
famous saying, 'There is only one boss: the customer. And he can fire everybody
in the company -- from the chairman on down, simply by spending his money
somewhere else.'

ii. Definition

Start a GD by defining the topic or an important term in the topic.

For example, if the topic of the GD is Advertising is a Diplomatic Way of Telling

a Lie, why not start the GD by defining advertising as, 'Any paid form of non-
personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods or services through mass
media like newspapers, magazines, television or radio by an identified sponsor'?

For a topic like The Malthusian Economic Prophecy is no longer relevant, you
could start by explaining the definition of the Malthusian Economic Prophecy.

iii. Question

Asking a question is an impact way of starting a GD.

It does not signify asking a question to any of the candidates in a GD so as to

hamper the flow. It implies asking a question, and answering it yourself.

Any question that might hamper the flow of a GD or insult a participant or play
devil's advocate must be discouraged.

Questions that promote a flow of ideas are always appreciated.

For a topic like, Should India go to war with Pakistan, you could start by asking,
'What does war bring to the people of a nation? We have had four clashes with
Pakistan. The pertinent question is: what have we achieved?'

iv. Shock statement

Initiating a GD with a shocking statement is the best way to grab immediate

attention and put forth your point.

If a GD topic is, The Impact of Population on the Indian Economy, you could start
with, 'At the centre of the Indian capital stands a population clock that ticks away
relentlessly. It tracks 33 births a minute, 2,000 an hour, 48,000 a day. Which
calculates to about 12 million every year. That is roughly the size of Australia. As
a current political slogan puts it, 'Nothing's impossible when 1 billion Indians
work together'.'
 v. Facts, figures and statistics

If you decide to initiate your GD with facts, figure and statistics, make sure to
quote them accurately.

Approximation is allowed in macro level figures, but micro level figures need to
be correct and accurate.

For example, you can say, approximately 70 per cent of the Indian population
stays in rural areas (macro figures, approximation allowed).

But you cannot say 30 states of India instead of 28 (micro figures, no

approximations).

Stating wrong facts works to your disadvantage.

For a GD topic like, China, a Rising Tiger, you could start with, 'In 1983, when
China was still in its initial stages of reform and opening up, China's real use of
Foreign Direct Investment only stood at $636 million. China actually utilized $60
billion of FID in 2004, which is almost 100 times that of its 1983 statistics."

vi. Short story

Use a short story in a GD topic like, Attitude is Everything.

This can be initiated with, 'A child once asked a balloon vendor, who was selling
helium gas-filled balloons, whether a blue-colored balloon will go as high in the
sky as a green-colored balloon. The balloon vendor told the child, it is not the
color of the balloon but what is inside it that makes it go high.'

vii. General statement

Use a general statement to put the GD in proper perspective.

For example, if the topic is, Should Sonia Gandhi be the prime minister of India?,
you could start by saying, 'Before jumping to conclusions like, 'Yes, Sonia Gandhi
should be', or 'No, Sonia Gandhi should not be', let's first find out the qualities one
needs to be a a good prime minister of India. Then we can compare these qualities
with those that Mrs. Gandhi possesses. This will help us reach the conclusion in a
more objective and effective manner.'

Summarization/ Conclusion

• Most GD do not really have conclusions. A conclusion is where the whole group
decides in favor or against the topic.
• But every GD is summarized. You can summaries what the group has discussed in
the GD in a nutshell.

Keep the following points in mind while summarizing a discussion:

1. Avoid raising new points.

2. Avoid stating only your viewpoint.
3. Avoid dwelling only on one aspect of the GD.
4. Keep it brief and concise.
5. It must incorporate all the important points that came out during the GD.
6. If the examiner asks you to summaries a GD, it means the GD has come to an
end.
7. Do not add anything once the GD has been summarized.

GD Do's

• Do's

1. Be as natural as possible. Do not try and be someone you are not. Be yourself.
2. A group discussion is your chance to be more vocal. The evaluator wants to hear
you speak.
3. Take time to organize your thoughts. Think of what you are going to say.
4. Seek clarification if you have any doubts regarding the subject.
5. Don't start speaking until you have clearly understood and analyzed the subject.
6. Work out various strategies to help you make an entry: initiate the discussion or
agree with someone else's point and then move onto express your views.
7. Opening the discussion is not the only way of gaining attention and recognition. If
you do not give valuable insights during the discussion, all your efforts of
initiating the discussion will be in vain.
8. Your body language says a lot about you - your gestures and mannerisms are
more likely to reflect your attitude than what you say.
9. Language skills are important only to the effect as to how you get your points
across clearly and fluently.
10. Be assertive not dominating; try to maintain a balanced tone in your discussion
and analysis.
11. Don't lose your cool if anyone says anything you object to. The key is to stay
objective: Don't take the discussion personally.
12. Always be polite: Try to avoid using extreme phrases like: `I strongly object' or `I
disagree'. Instead try phrases like: `I would like to share my views on…' or `One
difference between your point and mine…' or "I beg to differ with you"
13. Brush up on your leadership skills; motivate the other members of the team to
speak (this surely does not mean that the only thing that you do in the GD is to
say "let us hear what the young lady with the blue scarf has to say," or "Raghu, let
us hear your views" - Essentially be subtle), and listen to their views. Be receptive
to others' opinions and do not be abrasive or aggressive.
 14. If you have a group of like-minded friends, you can have a mock group discussion
where you can learn from each other through giving and receiving feedback.
15. Apart from the above points, the panel will also judge team members for their
alertness and presence of mind, problem-solving abilities, ability to work as a
team without alienating certain members, and creativity.

GD Preparation

While selection tools and techniques like tests, interviews etc. provide good data about an
individual, they fall short in providing real life data of how an individual would be
performing in a real life situation especially a group situation. Team work being an
integral part of the BPO work profile, it is important to ascertain group and inter-personal
qualities of an individual. Group discussion is a useful tool to ascertain these qualities
and many organizations use GDs as a selection tool along with Personal Interviews,
aptitude tests etc. A GD is an activity where

• Groups of 8-10 candidates are formed into a leaderless group, and are given a
specific situation to analyse and discuss within a given time limit, which may vary
between twenty minutes and forty-five minutes, or
• They may be given a case study and asked to come out with a solution for a
problem
• They may be given a topic and are asked to discuss the same

1. Preparing for a Group Discussion: While GD reflects the inherent qualities of an

individual, appearing for it unprepared may not augur well for you. These tips would help
you prepare for GDs:

Reading: This is the first and the most crucial step in preparation. This is a never ending
process and the more you read, the better you are in your thoughts. While you may read
anything to everything, you must ensure that you are in good touch with current affairs,
the debates and hot topics of discussion and also with the latest in the IT and ITES
industry. Chances are the topics would be around these. Read both for the thoughts as
well as for data. Also read multiple view points on the same topic and then create your
point of view with rationale. Also create answers for counter arguments for your point of
view. The electronic media also will be of good use here.

Mocks: Create an informal GD group and meet regularly to discuss and exchange
feedback. This is the best way to prepare. This would give you a good idea about your
thoughts and how well can you convince. Remember, it is important that you are able to
express your thoughts well. The better you perform in these mocks the better would be
you chances to perform on the final day. Also try to interact and participate in other GD
groups. This will develop in you a skill to discuss with unknown people as well.

2. During the Group Discussion:

What do the panelists assess:Some of the qualities assessed in a GD are:

Leadership Skills - Ability to take leadership roles and be able to lead, inspire and carry
the team along to help them achieve the group's objectives.

Communication Skills - Candidates will be assessed in terms of clarity of thought,

expression and aptness of language. One key aspect is listening. It indicates a willingness
to accommodate others views.

Interpersonal Skills - People skills are an important aspect of any job. They are reflected
in the ability to interact with other members of the group in a brief situation. Emotional
maturity and balance promotes good interpersonal relationships. The person has to be
more people centric and less self-centered.

Persuasive Skills - The ability to analyze and persuade others to see the problem from
multiple perspectives.

GD is a test of your ability to think, your analytical capabilities and your ability to make
your point in a team-based environment.

These are some of the sub-skills that also get assessed with the skills mentioned above:

• Clarity of thought
• Group working skills (especially during a group task of case study discussion)
• Conflict handling
• Listening and probing skills
• Knowledge about the subject and individual point of view
• Ability to create a consensus
• Openess and flexibility towards new ideas
• Data based approach to decision making

While, it is not possible to reflect all these qualities in a short time, you would do well if
you are able to show a couple or more qualities and avoid giving negative evidence on
others.

GD Preparation

How do I take my chance to speak: Trying to interrupt others while speaking would
only harm your chances. Instead, you may try to maintain an eye-contact with the
speaker. This would show your listening skills also and would help you gauge from his
eye-movement and pitch of voice that he is about to close his inputs. You can quickly
take it from there. Also, try and link your inputs with what he has spoken whether you are
adding to or opposing his arguments. This would reflect that you are actually being
participative rather than just doing a collective monologue.

• How to I communicate in a GD: Be crisp and to the point. Be fact based and
avoid making individual opinions that do not have a factual base. Make eye
contact with all the members in the group and avoid looking at the panelists while
 speaking. The average duration of the group discussion provides an average of
about 2-3 minutes per participant to speak and you should try to speak about 3-4
times. Hence, you need to be really crisp to reflect the most in those 30-40 sec.
slots.
• How do I convince others and make them agree to my view point: A lot of
candidates make it their mission to make the group reach to a conclusion on the
topic. Do not forget that some of the topics have been eternal debates and there is
no way you can get an agreement in 15 mins. on them. The objective is not to
make others toe your line but to provide fact based, convincing arguments which
create an impact. Stick to this approach.
• Do leadership skills include moderating the group discussion: This is a myth
and many people do try to impose their order on the GD, ordering people when to
speak and when not to. This only reflects poor leadership. Leadership in a GD
would be reflected by your clarity of thought, ability to expand the topic in its
different dimensions, providing an opportunity to a silent participant to speak,
listening to others and probing them to provide more information. Hence, work on
these areas rather than be a self-appointed moderator of the group.
• Listening: This is a key quality assessed during the GD about which many
participants forget. Active listening can fetch you credit points and would also
provide you with data to discuss. Also, if you have an average of 2-3 minutes to
speak, the rest of the 20-25 minutes is required to spent in active listening. For
this, maintain eye contact with the speakers, attend to them (like nodding, using
acknowledging words like -I see ok, fine, great etc.). This would also make you
be the centre of attraction as you would appear non-threatening to the speakers.
• Behaviour during the GD: Be patient; don't get upset if anyone says anything
you object to. Stay objective and don't take the discussion personally. Also,
remember the six C's of communication - Clarity, Completeness, Conciseness,
Confidence, Correctness and Courtesy. Be appreciative & receptive to ideas from
other people and open-minded but do not let others to change your own
viewpoint. Be active and interested throughout. It is better to participate less if
you have no clue of the topic. You may listen to others and take clues from there
and speak. You would be assessed on a range of different skills and you may think
that leadership is key, you need to be careful that you don't dominate the
discussion.
• Quality Vs Quantity: Often, participants think that success in group discussions
depends on how much and how loudly they speak. Interestingly, it's the opposite.
Also, making your point on the topic, your views are important and the group
needs to know. This will tell you are knowledgeable and that you participate in
groups
• Summarizing: If you have not been able to initiate the discussion, try to
summaries and close it. Good summarizing would get you good reward points. A
conclusion is where the whole group decides in favour or against the topic and
most GDs do not have a closure. But every GD can be summarized by putting
forth what the group has discussed in a nutshell. Keep the following points in
mind while summarizing a discussion:
o Avoid raising new points.
 o Avoid stating only your viewpoint.
o Avoid dwelling only on one aspect of the GD
o Keep it brief and concise.
o It must include all the important points that came out during the GD
o If you are asked to summarise a GD, it means the GD has come to an end.
o Do not add anything once the GD has been summarised.

Some Positive Task Roles in a Group Discussion:You may want to play one or more of
them:

• Initiator
• Information seeker
• Information giver
• Procedure facilitator
• Opinion seeker
• Opinion giver
• Clarifier
• Social Supporter
• Harmonizer
• Tension Reliever
• Energizer
• Compromiser
• Gatekeeper
• Summarizer

Negative Roles to be Avoided

• Disgruntled non-participant
• Attacker
• Dominator
• Patronizer
• Clown

Feedback template: While doing mocks for GD preparation, you would get benefited by
the feedback of others. For the purpose, we are providing a template for feedback - both
quantitative and qualitative. The items described over there are a suggested list and not a
complete one. You may make changes in it depending upon your need.

GD Mistakes

Here's a list of the most common mistakes made at group discussions:

Emotional outburst

Rashmi was offended when one of the male participants in a group discussion made a
statement on women generally being submissive while explaining his point of view.
When Rashmi finally got an opportunity to speak, instead of focussing on the topic, she
vented her anger by accusing the other candidate for being a male chauvinist and went on
to defend women in general.

What Rashmi essentially did was to

• Deviate from the subject

• Treat the discussion as a forum to air her own views.

• Lose objectivity and make personal attacks.

Her behaviour would have been perceived as immature and demotivating to the rest of
the team.

Quality Vs Quantity

Gautam believed that the more he talked, the more likely he was to get through the GD.
So, he interrupted other people at every opportunity. He did this so often that the other
candidates got together to prevent him from participating in the rest of the discussion.

• Assessment is not only on your communication skills but also on your ability to be a
team player.

• Evaluation is based on quality, and not on quantity. Your contribution must be relevant.

• The mantra is "Contributing meaningfully to the team's success." Domination is

frowned upon.

Egotism Showing off

Krishna was happy to have got a group discussion topic he had prepared for. So, he took
pains to project his vast knowledge of the topic. Every other sentence of his contained
statistical data - "20% of companies; 24.27% of parliamentarians felt that; I recently read
in a Jupiter Report that..." and so on so forth. Soon, the rest of the team either laughed at
him or ignored his attempts to enlighten them as they perceived that he was cooking up
the data.

• Exercise restraint in anything. You will end up being frowned upon if you attempt
showing-off your knowledge.

• Facts and figures need not validate all your statements.

• Its your analysis and interpretation that are equally important - not just facts and figures.

• You might be appreciated for your in-depth knowledge. But you will fail miserably in
your people skills.

Such a behavior indicates how self-centered you are and highlights your inability to work
in an atmosphere where different opinions are expressed.

Get noticed - But for the right reasons

Srikumar knew that everyone would compete to initiate the discussion. So as soon as the
topic - "Discuss the negative effects of India joining the WTO" - was read out, he began
talking. In his anxiety to be the first to start speaking, he did not hear the word "negative"
in the topic. He began discussing the ways in which the country had benefited by joining
WTO, only to be stopped by the evaluator, who then corrected his mistake.

• False starts are extremely expensive. They cost you your admission. It is very important
to listen and understand the topic before you air your opinions.

• Spending a little time analyzing the topic may provide you with insights which others
may not have thought about. Use a pen and paper to jot down your ideas.

• Listen! It gives you the time to conceptualize and present the information in a better
manner.

Some mistakes are irreparable. Starting off the group discussion with a mistake is one
such mistake, unless you have a great sense of humor.

Managing one's insecurities

Sumati was very nervous. She thought that some of the other candidates were
exceptionally good. Thanks to her insecurity, she contributed little to the discussion. Even
when she was asked to comment on a particular point, she preferred to remain silent.

• Your personality is also being evaluated. Your verbal and non verbal cues are being
read.

• Remember, you are the participant in the GD; not the evaluator. So, rather than
evaluating others and your performance, participate in the discussion.

• Your confidence level is being evaluated. Decent communication skills with good
confidence is a must to crack the GDs.

Focus on your strengths and do not spend too much time thinking about how others are
superior or inferior to you. It is easy to pick up these cues from your body language.
 Knowledge is strength. A candidate with good reading habits has more chances of
success. In other words, sound knowledge on different topics like politics, finance,
economy, science and technology is helpful.

Power to convince effectively is another quality that makes you stand out among others.

Clarity in speech and expression is yet another essential quality.

If you are not sure about the topic of discussion, it is better not to initiate. Lack of
knowledge or wrong approach creates a bad impression. Instead, you might adopt the
wait and watch attitude. Listen attentively to others, may be you would be able to come
up with a point or two later.

A GD is a formal occasion where slang is to avoided.

A GD is not a debating stage. Participants should confine themselves to expressing their

viewpoints. In the second part of the discussion candidates can exercise their choice in
agreeing, disagreeing or remaining neutral.

Language use should be simple, direct and straight forward.

Don't interrupt a speaker when the session is on. Try to score by increasing your size, not
by cutting others short.

Maintain rapport with fellow participants. Eye contact plays a major role. Non-verbal
gestures, such as listening intently or nodding while appreciating someone's viewpoint
speak of you positively.

Communicate with each and every candidate present. While speaking don't keep looking
at a single member. Address the entire group in such a way that everyone feels you are
speaking to him or her.