BS Program Four-Year

BS Program Four-Year Page 1 of 27
Quaid-e-Azam College of Commerce

University of Peshawar

FOUR-YEAR BS PROGRAM
132 CREDIT HOURS (EIGHT SEMESTERS)

Semester-Wise Breakup of the Subjects:

Semester 1:
1. MGT 101 Principles of Management
2. COM 103 Micro Economics
3. COM 105 Business English
4. COM 107 Business Mathematics
5. COM 109 Introduction to Information Technology

Semester 2:
1. A&F 102 Principles of Financial Accounting
2. COM 104 Macro Economics
3. COM 106 Business Communication
4. COM 108 Quantitative Techniques in Business
5. MGT 110 Management Information Systems

Semester 3:
1. A&F 201 Financial Management
2. COM 203 Fundamentals of Business
3. COM 205 Economy of Pakistan
4. COM 207 Human Behavior
5. COM 209 Pakistan Studies

Semester 4:
1. MKG 202 Principles of Marketing
2. HRM 204 Human Resource Management
3. COM 206 Managerial Economics
4. COM 208 Sociology
5. COM 210 Islamiyat

Semester 5:
1. COM 301 Business Statistics
2. COM 303 Business Research Methods
3- 6. At least Three Courses (09 credit hours) from the list of major
courses

Semester 6:
1. COM 302 Logic
2. COM 304 Advanced Research Methods
3- 6. At least Three Courses (09 credit hours) from the list of major
courses


Semester 7:
1. COM 401 Entrepreneurship
2-6 At least 04 courses (12 credit hours) from the list of major courses

Semester 8:

1. COM 402 Leadership Governance and Accountability
2-6 At least 04 courses (12 credit hours) from the list of major courses

Year 3 and Year 4 (Semester 5-8)

Major Courses

Accounting and Finance
Required:
1. A&F 301 Corporate Accounting
2. A&F 302 Taxation
3. COM 303 Company Law
4. A&F 304 Auditing
5. A&F 305 Cost Accounting
6. A&F 306 Money and Banking
Optional
7. A&F 401 Accounting Theory
8. A&F 402 Advanced Financial Accounting
9. A&F 403 Cost Management
10. A&F 404 Accounting Information Systems
11. A&F 405 Accounting for Specialized Concerns
12. A&F 406 Corporate Taxation
13. A&F 407 Seminar in Accounting and Finance
14. A&F 408 Corporate Finance
15. A&F 409 Mathematics of Finance
16. A&F 410 Capital Markets in Pakistan
17. A&F 411 Financial Statements Analysis
18. A&F 412 Risk Management in Banking Industry
19. A&F 413 Investment Management
20. A&F 414 Islamic Banking

Human Resource Management:
Required
1. MGT 301 Strategic Management
2. HRM 303 Compensation Management
3. COM 305 Industrial Law
4. HRM 302 International Human Resource Management
5. HRM 304 Industrial Relations
6. HRM 306 Training and Development
Optional
7. COM 401 Organizational Theory
8. COM402 Organizational Behaviour
9. MGT 401 Total Quality Management


10. MGT 402 Project Management
11. MGT 403 Industrial Management
12. MGT 404 Labor Markets
13. HRM 401 Human Resource Development
14. HRM 402 Human Resource Management Systems
15. HRM 403 Managing Teams in Organizations
16. HRM 404 Cross-Cultural Work Experience
17. HRM 405 Seminar in Human Resource Management

Marketing:
Required
1. MKG 301 Marketing Management
2. MKG 303 Consumer Behavior
3. COM 307 Commercial Law
4. MKG 302 Marketing Channels
5. MKG 304 E-Marketing
6. MKG 306 Sales Force Management
Optional
7. MKG 401 International Marketing
8. MKG 402 Consumer Marketing
9. MKG 4031 Branding and Culture
10. MKG 404 Selling Techniques in Business
11. MKG 405 Retailing
12. MKG 406 Advertising
13. MKG 407 Marketing of New Products
14. MKG 408 Wholesaling
15. MKG 409 Marketing Plan Development
16. MKG 410 Marketing Research
17. MKG 411 Service Marketing
18. MKG 412 Seminar in Marketing

The student shall be required to undertake internship/research project of 06 credit hours.

Degree to be Awarded

BS Commerce A Student who offers at least 12 Cr Hrs Courses Each from courses
listed under Accounting and Finance, Human Resource Management
and Marketing.
Accounting and
Finance
A Student who offers at least 30 Credit Hour Courses listed under
Accounting and Finance including 18 Credit Hours of Required A&F
Courses
Human Resource
Management
A Student who offers at least 30 Credit Hour Courses listed under
Human Resource Management including 18 Credit Hours of Required
HRM Courses
Marketing A Student who offers at least 30 Credit Hour Courses listed under
Marketing including 18 Credit Hours of Required Marketing Courses


1
st
Semester
Principles of Management (MGT 101)
Course Objective:
This course is designed to give an overview of the theory and practice of
management. The concept of management is presented as a discipline as well as a
process. The course will cover the evolution of management, its history, and the
development of important concepts. It will cover the basic functions of management:
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
The objectives of this course are
1- To expose students to the theories of management, organizational theory, and the
practice of management in contemporary organizations from a conceptual, analytical,
and pragmatic perspective.
2- The course will also allow students to develop their own framework for analyzing
and understanding management as well as exploring and developing their own
personal philosophy of management.
3- The students would be able to communicate effectively, develop people, solve
problems and making decisions, organize themselves and also would be able to work
in team.
Lecture Topic
Foundations
1,2 Foundation of Management Thinking
3,4 The Evolution of Social Cognitive Theory
5,6,7 Environment, National Culture and Management Practices
Principles of Management
8,9 Planning & Strategic Management
10 The Escalation of Commitment: Step Toward an Organizational theory
11,12 Decision Making
13,14 Organization and Structure
15,16 Controlling
17,18,19 Human Resource Management
20,21 Communicating
Styles of Management
22,23 Personality and Human Behavior
24,25 Motivation: Theories and Styles
26 How J ob Characteristics Theory Happened
27 On the Origins of Expectancy Theory
28,29 Leadership & Leaders styles
30,31 Team and Teamwork Management
External Influences & Globalization
32,33 Technology, The market, Competition and the External environment
34,35 Internationalization and Globalization
Management Practices
36,37 Management Skills and Competencies
38,39 Entrepreneurship
40 Stress Management
41 Change Management


42 Managing Organizational Conflict, Politics and Negotiation
43 Ethics and Social Responsibility
44,45 New Management Paradigms
Recommended Text:
1. Mejia, Balkin, Cardy. (2005), Management, 2
nd
Edition, McGraw-Hill.
2. Morden Tony, (2004), Principles of Management, 2
nd
Edition, Ashgate.
3. Bateman, Snell (2002) Management Competing in new era, 5
th
Edition, McGraw-
Hill.

Micro Economics (COM 103)
Course Objective
1. One of the main objectives is to make students understand what is happening in the
real world at a grass root level.
2. To make students aware of Basic Economic ideas
3. To make student aware of initial demand and supply concepts to the concept of
production and cost of production
4. To make student image more broader on the different market competitions
Lecture Topic
1-6 Basic economic ideas
Scarcity, choice and resource allocation, market, planned and mixed economy,
the margin and decision making at the margin, production possibility curves,
positive and normative economics
7-14 Demand, Supply analysis
Law of demand and supply, individual and market demand curves and supply
curves, concept of elasticity along with their business relevance, consumers
surplus.
15-20 Theory of consumer behaviour
Cardinal/utility approach, law of diminishing marginal utility, law of equi
marginal utility, ordinal/indifference curve approach, properties of indifference
curves, consumers budget line, shift & consumers equilibrium, price, income
and substitution effect.
21-26 Theory of production
Production function, short run & long run production function, production with
one variable, and with two variables, isoquants, return to scale and return to
scope.
27-31 Cost of production
Different cost concepts, cost analysis in short run and in long run.
32-40 Market structure.
Perfect competition, monopoly, imperfect competition, oligopoly
41-45 Labour market
Demand for labour, Labours marginal productivity, supply of labour, wage rate
determination, S/R, L/R supply of labour, factors influencing, role of government
and labour union along with the concept of transfer earning and economic rent.
Recommended Text
1. Pindyck Robert S., Rubinfeld Daniel L., Mehta Prem L. (2005) Micro
Economics Pearson


2. Gould J ohn. P & Lazear P. Edward (2001) Micro Economics 6
th
edition
(A.I.T.B.S)
3. Hailstone J . Thomas and Mastrianna V. Frank (2004) Basic Economics. 13
th

edition Thomson
4. Salvator Dominick (2004) Micro Economics Theory and Applications 4
th

edition, New York Oxford University Press

Business English (COM 105)
Course Objectives:
In todays modern and complex business world the role of oral and written
communication does have a great impact, especially upon the affairs of business and
commerce. The command over written and spoken English is now considered a
necessity for the business graduates. It does equip them with necessary skills and
aptitude to deal successfully with the complex and challenging situations arising out
of inter-personal, and inter organizational dealings. The wide occupational fields like
commerce and business management are apt to have their own peculiar
communication aspects and issues. Thus the subject functional English inevitably
demands a systematic and comprehensive study of the related topics. The main
objectives of this course are:
1. to provide students with a sound base in the English grammar and
composition.
2. to make students aware of the fundamental rules and skills for effective oral
and written communication in English.
3. to enable the students to ultimately develop proficiency in the art of effective
communication to deal with the challenging situations in the practical life.
Lecture Topic
1-4 Vocabulary: Antonyms, Synonyms, Homonyms -one word
substitution
5-13 Practical Grammar - Sentence Structure: types of sentences - based on
function
e.g. Interrogative sentences, based on structure e.g. Simple,
Compound complex,
Transformation, Inversion sentences,
Parts of a Sentence - subject, predicate, . complements, direct
indirect objective,
Rules for structuring sentences,
Phrases types and functions,
Clauses - types and functions
14-22 Parts of Speech: Major word classes, Nouns - their further
classifications (regular, countable; uncountable; singular; plural),
Pronouns.- with further classifications,
Verbs - emphasis on three forms of verbs,
Adjectives - with further classification - three degrees of
comparison,
Adverbs - with further classifications.
Minor word classes: Preposition, Conjunctions - with further
classifications,


Interjections, Auxiliary verbs, Determiners, Infinitive, Participle;
Gerund, Genitives - types and functions.
23-30 Tenses Types and uses
Structure of tenses
Function, Conversion into negative and interrogative.
31-32

Active and Passive voice- their use
Rules of conversion
33-35 Direct and Indirect speech- use in communication
Rules of changing narration
36-39 Articles: Definite, Indefinite
Rules for proper use of Articles
40-45 Composition and comprehension : use and rules
Prcis Writing,
Essay Writing
Recommended Text (Latest Editions):
1. J . Chilver, English for Business: A Functional Approach, D P
Publication Limited.
2. Michael, Swan Practical English Usage, Oxford University Press.
3. Robert E Barry Basic Business English 2nd Ed. 1987, Prentice Hall
Inc.
4. Wren & Martin", High School, English Grammar & Composition S
Chand & Company Limited.

Business Mathematics (COM 107)
Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course, students are expected to be able to:
1. Develop an understanding and the application of skills required for selected
mathematical concepts encountered in business situations.
2. Increase the students competency in fundamental and arithmetic skills through
practical application.
3. Provide with the background in mathematical methods required for other courses in
Business, Economics and Commerce etc.
Lecture Topic
1-5
Basic Algebra
i) Factorization.
ii) Algebraic Fractions.
iii) Ratios and Percentages.
6-10
Equations
i) Basic Concepts.
ii) Operations on an equation.
iii) Statement of Problems
11-15
Simultaneous Equations
i) Basic Concepts.
ii) Solution of Simultaneous equations.
iii) Equation with three unkonwns.
iv) Two equations in three unkowns.
v) Statement of Problems.


16-20
Quadratic Equations
i) Definition.
ii) Solution by Factorization.
iii) Solution by completing the squares.
iv) Solution by Quadratic Formula.
v) Discriminant and nature of roots.
vi) Statement of Problems.
21-25
Logarithms
i) Definition.
ii) Rules for characteristics and mantissa.
iii) Use of logarithmic tables.
iv) Methods of Interpolation.
v) Laws of logarithm.
vi) Application.
26-32
Mathematics of Finance-I
i) Percentage Mark-up.
ii) Simple Interest and Present Value.
iii) Discounting Negotiable Instruments.
iv) Equivalent Values of Different Debts and their Payments.
33-38
Mathematics of Finance-II
i) Definition.
ii) Compound Interest and Compound Amount.
iii) Use of Compound Interest Tables.
iv) Number of Periods and the Interest Rate.
v) Effective rate of Interest.
vi) Equivalent rate of Interest.
vii) Depreciation by Reducing Balance Method.
viii) Present Value Formula.
ix) Discounting of Non-Interest and Interest Bearing Notes.
39-45
Mathematics of Finance-III
i) Annuities --- Definition.
ii) Formula for the sum of Annuity.
iii) Use of Annuity Table.
iv) Relationship between R,S,N and I.
v) Sinking Fund.
vi) Depreciation by Sinking Fund.
vii) Formula for Present Value of Annuity.
viii) Relationship between R, P and N.
ix) Amortization of Debt.
x) Depreciation by Annuity Method.
xi) Purchase Price of Bonds and Debentures.
xii) Annuity Due.
xiii) Perpetuity.
Recommended Texts:
1. Hasan M. M. and Mirza. A. M. (1995), Business Mathematics, (3
rd
Edition),
Karachi, Farooq Kitab Ghar.
2. Budnick, F. S. (1993), Applied Mathematics for Business Economics and Social
Sciences, 4
th
Edition, McGraw Hill.


3. Lind, D.A., W.G. Marchal, S.A. Wathen (2005), Statistical Techniques in
Business and Economics.
4. Bowen, E.K., and M.K. Starr (2005), Basic Statistics Business and Economics.

Introduction to Information Technology (COM 109)
Course Objectives:
1. Answer questions regarding computers in general computers hardware and
peripherals; Concepts regarding software its types, basic operations, basic OS
concepts, OS installation.
2. Introduction to various Application Packages: List the principal features of a word
processing program (MS-Word) and Spreadsheets (MS-Excel). Manipulate data in
reports using database tables (MS-Access). Plan and design a Presentation (MS-
PowerPoint).
3. Set up a computer for World Wide Web connection; Use e-mail to send / receive
messages and file attachments; Concepts of on-line discussion groups, video
conferencing.
Lecture Topic
1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS
1. Computer, its characteristics, history, generations of computers
2, 3 2. Computer Hardware and its peripherals. New hardware and peripherals
installation. (Hands-On)
3. Basic Architecture of Computer System
4,5 4. Software its types, basic operations. General installation guidelines.
(Hands-On)
6 5. Healthy Computing
6. Concepts on Computer Virus, Worms, Hacking, Spam
7-9 INTRODUCTION TO OS (MICROSOFT WINDOWS XP)
1. Basic concepts regarding System Software and OS
2. OS (Windows) Installation and Repair
10-12 3. Using Windows Environment. (Hands-On)
13-19 WORD PROCESSING BASICS
20-25 SPREADSHEET APPLICATIONS
26-30 DATABASE APPLICATIONS
31, 36 PRESENTATIONS THROUGH POWERPOINT
37-38 NETWORKS & NETWORKING BASICS
39-45 INTERNET & E-MAIL BASICS
Recommended Text:
1. Norton, Peter (2006) Introduction To Computers, Irwin McGraw-Hill Publications,
6
th
Ed
2. Perry, Greg (2002) SAMs Teach Yourself Microsoft Office XP in 24 Hours, SAMS
Publishing, 2
nd
Ed
3. Perry, Greg (2002) SAMs Teach Yourself Microsoft Windows XP in 24 Hours,
SAMS Publishing, 1
st
Ed
4. Crumlish, Christian (1997) The ABCs of the Internet, Sybex Inc, 2
nd
Ed


2
nd
Semester
Principles of Financial Accounting (A&F 102)
Course Objectives:
1. To develop a clear understanding how to record a transaction in different types of
business
2. Recognize, understand and Maintain different accounts of business according to
the standards
3. Financial Accounting has always been dedicated to presenting accounting concept
as vital tools that anyone can learn to successfully use.
4. Understand and account for partnership formation, earnings distribution and
dissolution.
Lecture Topic
1 Introduction to Business, Commerce, Trading, Finance and Financial
Institutions.
2 Introduction to accounting and accounting information
3 Accounting concepts and conventions: IAS-1, The IASB and financial
reporting IFRS-1
5 Field of accounting. Accounting terminology. Introduction of
Accounting cycle. Accounting equation,
6-10 Recording the business transaction: sources , records and books of
original entry J ournal, Ledger accounting & Trial Balance
11-13 From Trial Balance to Financial Statements: income statement: single
and multiple step income statement, Balance Sheet and classified
balance sheet.
14-15 Adjusting entries: Contra Accounts, Accruals and prepayments,
adjusting trial balance
16 Events after the balance sheet date IAS-10
17-19 Special journals for repetitive transaction, their types and formats
20 Subsidiary ledgers and Control accounts. for sales, purchases,
transactions
21-22 Closing entries: temporary and permanent accounts, post close trial
balance, reversing entries and Worksheet
23-25 Accounting for Merchandising concerns: purchase, sales ,Discounts,
returns and allowances, FOB destination, FOB shipping point , Cost of
goods sold
26-28 Inventories and its types, inventory valuation methods and its
assumptions. Inventories IAS-2. Statutory regulations.
29 Current assets treatment and current liabilities IAS-13
30-31 Internal control of cash, Bank reconciliation, Cash book
32-33 Accounting for Note Receivables and Note Payables
34-36 Accounting for receivables, Bad debts: direct and allowance approach
Provision and reserve.
37-45 Partnership accounts with reference to Partnership Act-1932
Formation, Admission, Retirement, Death, profit distribution and
Dissolution.


Recommended Text:
1. Larson Wild Chiappetta (2005), Fundamentals of Financial Accounting, McGraw
Hill Irwin, 17
th
edition.
2. Walter, B. Meigs, Charles E. J ohnson and Robert F. Meigs (2003), Accounting; the
basis of business decisions, McGraw Hill, 11
th
edition.
3. Maqbool Muhammad, M.Com. FCA, ICAP, (2005), Accounting Standards &
Financial Reporting, Technical Reference Manual Volume-I and Volume-II, PBP
professional education.
4. Partnership Act-1932

Macro Economics (COM 104)
Course Objective
1. To change the way students see the world.
2. The fundamentals of this course is not one of the recognition and style of
economic ideas rather it involves a new emphasis which one could believe that
will lead to far greater understanding and retention of core macro economic problems
Lecture Topic
1-3 National income accounting
Concept of GNP,GDP, circular flow of national income, measures(value added
criteria, income & expenditure approach), precautions & cares to be taken in
calculation
4-8 Money
Functions, forms and financial intermediaries, demand for and supply of money,
quantity theory of money, its crude and sophisticated version, value of money,
inflation, unemployment, velocity of money, how banks create money its
limitations, quantity theory of money and AS & AD model
9-11 Determinants of national income
Consumption, saving & investment
12-14 Fiscal policy
Impacts of government expenditure and taxation on NNP, recessionary &
inflationary gaps, objectives of fiscal policy with aggregate supply and aggregate
demand model, how deficit is financed & surpluses are used.
18-20 IS/LM framework
Impact of fiscal & monetary policy on IS/LM curves & two market equilibrium
21-24 Inflation
Significances, inflationary & ant inflationary measures along with AS/AD model,
demand pull and cost push inflation, Phillip curve & cost of inflation
25-27 Aggregate supply (AS) & Aggregate demand (AD) model.
Components of aggregate demand, aggregate demand and national output,
adjustment to equilibrium, S/R & LR (classical) AS curve, wages and AS,
demand & supply shocks
28-30 Balance of payment
Significances, current, financial & capital account, equilibrium, disequilibrium
causes and their impacts on countrys internal & external status, ways to
overcome BOP disequilibrium
31-35 Exchange rate.
Types & determination of exchange rate, difference among fixed, floating &


managed exchange rate, causes & consequences of appreciation & depreciation in
exchange rate.
36-38 Business cycles
Boom, Recession, Recovery, ways to over come
39-42 Unemployment
Issues, dimensions, types, theories & cost of unemployment

43-45 Pakistans macro economic indicators
Current status of an economy, fiscal & monetary policy statements, trade balances
Recommended Text
1. Parkins Michael (1997) Macro Economics 4
th
edition New York Addison Wesley
2. Mensfield Edwin (1986) Principles of Macro Economics 5
th
edition New York
W.W. Norton
3. Begg David, Fischer Stanley, Dornbusch Rudiger (2003) Economics 7
th
edition The
McGraw Hill
4. Nordous.D.William, Samuelson Paul. A (2005) Macro Economics 8
th
edition The
Mc Graw Hill

Businss Communication (COM 106)
Course Objectives:
In todays modern and complex business world the role of oral and written
communication does have a great impact, especially upon the affairs of business
and commerce. The command over this delicate tool is now considered a necessity for
the business graduates. It does equip them with necessary skills and aptitude to deal
successfully with the complex and challenging situations arising out of inter-personal,
and inter-organizational dealings. The wide occupational fields like commerce and
business management are apt to have their own peculiar communication aspects and
issues. Thus the subject of business communication inevitably demands a systematic
and comprehensive study of the related topics. The main objectives of this course are:
1. to make students understand the significant impact of effective
communication , and miscommunication.
2. to make students aware of the fundamental rules and skills for effective oral
and written communication in English.
3. to enable the students to ultimately develop proficiency in the art of effective
communication to deal with the challenging situations in the practical life.
Lecture Topics
1-5 Introduction and importance of effective business communication
Process of communication and miscommunication
Elements and concepts of communication
General communication
Major aspects and issues of communication
Nonverbal communication
6-8 The 7 Cs principles of communication
How to integrate the qualities in the messages
9-11 Steps in planning effective business messages
Basic organization, or plan of business writings
Beginning and ending of the message


Effective composition of the message
12-15 Direct requests and inquiries
Claims and requests for adjustments
Request letter regarding routine business
Invitations, orders and reservations
16-18 Good news and neutral messages
Favorable replies to the request
Planning for bad news messages
Unfavorable replies to requests
19-20 Solicited Sales letters
Unsolicited sales Letters
21-25 Why collection letters?
Right attitude for collection letters
Collection stages and writing approaches
Appeal to goodwill, pride and final threat
26-28 Official letters and Inter-office Memos
Parts and composition of official messages
Letters and Electronic mail
29-32 Meanings and classification of business reports
Main parts , terminologies of business reports
Organization and outline of business report
33-36 Definition and importance of market reports
Basic terms, and scope of business reports
Main contents and standard layout of business reports
37-38 Meanings and significance of J ob application
Form, and major contents of Resume
39-42 1. Nature and style of effective presentation
2. Basics of effective oral presentation
3. Description and methodology
4. Effective listening
43-45 5. Purpose of informative speaking
6. Organization and outlines of informative speech
Recommended Text:
1. Bovee, Business Communication Today
2. Herta Murphy, Effective Business Communication McGraw Hill,
International Edition.
3. Thill, J Vill, & Bovee Counterland L, Exellence in Business
Communication 3
rd
Edition McGraw Hill Inc.

Quantitative Techniques in Business (COM 108)
Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course, students are expected to be able to:
1. Develop an understanding and the application of skills required for selected
mathematical concepts encountered in business situations.


2. Increase the students competency in fundamental and arithmetic skills through
practical application.
3. Provide with the background in mathematical methods required for other courses in
Business, Economics and Commerce etc.

Lecture Topic
1-15
Differential Calculus
i) Derivatives.
ii) Functional Notation.
iii) Interpretation of a Derivative.
iv) Graphical Illustration of a Derivative.
v) Derivative of a power function --- constant --- sum or
difference of two or more functions --- product of quotient of two
functions --- special functions e
x
and logx.
vi) Chain rule.
vii) Second order derivatives.
viii) Marginal Analysis and Derivatives.
ix) Maxima and Minima and points of Inflection.
x) Application of Maxima and Minima --- Production units
resulting in minimum cost --- Maximization of Profit --- Most
economic order quantity.
xi) Partial Derivatives.
xii) Maxima and Minima for functions of two variables.

16-25
Integral Calculus
i) Anti-derivatives.
ii) Integration Formulae.
iii) Integration by change of variable.
iv) Application of Integration.
v) Definite Integral.
vi) Application of Definite Integral.
26-32
Matrices.
i) Definition.
ii) Operation with matrices --- Addition --- Subtraction ---
Multiplication.
iii) Inverse of a matrix.
iv) Solution of Linear Equation by Matrix
33-45
Linear Programming
i) Introduction.
ii) Linear Inequalities.
iii) Quadratic Inequalities.
iv) Graphical Presentation of Inequalities.
v) Graphical Method of Linear Programming.
vi) Maximization of Objective Function.
vii) Dual Problem and Primal Problem.
viii) Minimization of Objective Function.
ix) Simplex Method for Maximization Problems.
x) Simplex Method for Minimization Problems.


Recommended Texts:
1. Hasan M. M. and Mirza. A. M. (1995), Business Mathematics, (3
rd
Edition),
Karachi, Farooq Kitab Ghar.
2. Budnick, F. S. (1993), Applied Mathematics for Business Economics and Social
Sciences, 4
th
Edition, McGraw Hill.
3. Lind, D.A., W.G. Marchal, S.A. Wathen (2005), Statistical Techniques in
Business and Economics.
4. Bowen, E.K., and M.K. Starr (2005), Basic Statistics Business and Economics.

Management Information Systems (MGT 110)
Course Objectives
Management Information Systems provides the fundamental concepts of a system. It
pinpoints the importance of information in todays organization and the role, which IT
is playing in this regard. Course also describes the key features of computer hardware
and software. Besides this, it gives an introduction to the significance of information
technology (IT) in business and society. Also practical training in every-day computer
software packages will be provided to the students.
Lecture Topic
1-7 Introduction to Information Systems in Business.
8-15 Fundamentals of Information Systems..
16-22 Solving Business Problems with Information Systems
23-30 Telecommunications.
31-35 Information Systems for End User Computing and Collaboration.
36-40 Information Systems for Business Operations.
40-45 Information Systems and Artificial Intelligence Technologies.
Recommended Texts:
1. Management Information Systems: J ames A. OBrien, Irwin.

3
rd
Semester
Financial Management (A&F 201)
Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to provide theoretical and
conceptual knowledge of finance to the students. The course covers wide areas of
finance. This course will not only be helpful in passing their examination but will also
help them in practical life.

Lecture Topic
1-7 An Overview of Financial Management
Careers in Finance
How are Companies Organized
Finance in the Organizational Structure of the Firm
The Goals of the Corporation
Business Ethics and Social Responsibility
Agency Relationships


8-13 Financial Statement, Cash Flows and Taxes
A Brief History of Accounting and Financial Statements
Financial Statements and Reports
The Balance Sheet
The Income Statement
Statement of Retained Earnings
Net Cash Flow
Statement of Cash Flows
Modifying Accounting Data for Managerial Decisions
MVA and EVA
Depreciation
14-20 Analysis of Financial Statements
Ratio Analysis
Liquidity Ratios
Asset Management Ratios
Debt Management Ratios
Profitability Ratios
Market Value Ratios
Trend Analysis, Common Size Analysis, and Percent Change Analysis
Tying the Ratios Together
Comparative Ratios and Benchmarking
Uses and Limitations of Ratio Analysis
Problems with ROE
Looking Beyond the Numbers
21-26 Financial Planning and Forecasting Financial Statements
Strategic Plans
Operating Plans
The Financial Plan
Computerized Financial Planning Models
Sales Forecasts
Financial Statement Forecasting: The Percent of Sales Method
The AFN Formula
Forecasting Financial Requirements When the Balance Sheet Ratios Are Subject
to Change
Other Techniques of Forecasting Financial Statements
27-32 The Financial Environment
The Financial Markets
Financial Institutions
The Stock Market
The Cost of Money
Interest Rate Levels
The Determinants of Market Interest Rates
The Term Structure of Interest Rates
What Determines the Shape of the Yield Curve?
Using the Yield Curve to Estimate Future Interest Rates
Investing Overseas
Other Factors That Influence Interest Rate Levels
Interest Rates and Business Decisions


33-39 Risk and Return
Investment Returns
Stand-Alone Risk
Risk in Portfolio Context
Calculating Beta Coefficient
The Relationship between Risk and Rates of Return
Physical Assets versus Securities
Some Concerns about Beta and the CPM
Volatility versus Risk
40-45 Portfolio Theory and Asset Pricing Models
Measuring Portfolio Risk
Efficient Portfolios
Choosing the Optimal Portfolio
The Capital Asset Pricing Model
The Capital Market Line and Security Market Line
Calculating Beta Coefficient
Empirical Tests of the CAPM
Arbitrage Pricing Theory
The Fama-French Three-Factor Model
Recommended Text:
1. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., (2002 ), Financial Management: Theory and
Practice (10
th
Edition), HarCourt College Publishers

Additional Readings:
1. Brigham. E.F and Houston. J .F (1998), Fundamental of financial Management, (8
th

Edition) Philadelphia: Dryden.
2. Ross. S.A and Wester Field . R.W and J ordan. B.D (1995), Fundamental of
Corporate Finance, (3
rd
Edition), Chicago, Richard.D Irwin.
3. Van J ames C. and Wachouicz J ohn M (1998), Fundamentals of Financial
Management (10
th
Edition)

Fundamentals of Business (COM 203)
Course Objectives:
This course will enable the students to understand the nature and importance of
business, the formation and the functions of various business organizations.
Lecturer Topic
1-3 Introduction to Business
4-6 Sole Proprietorship
7-11 Partnership.
12-14 State Ownership.
15-18 J oint Stock Company.
19-21 Combinations.
22-25 Insurance.
26-28 Customs & Excise.
29-31 Stock Exchange.
32-35 Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP).
36-39 Central Depositary Company (CDC).


40-45 Produce Exchange.
Recommended Texts:
1. Business Organization: M.H.Ali.
2. Introduction to Business: M.Saeed Nasir.
3. Companies Ordinance 1984.
4. Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan Act, 1997.
5. Central Depositors Act, 1997
Economy of Pakistan (COM 205)
Course Objectives:
1. To make students understand the fundamental aspects about the key sectors of
economy of Pakistan and contemporary issues in agriculture, industry and financial
sector.
2. To give students a comprehensive view about the important developments in the
size and structure of our economy since independence to date.
3. To make students understand economic planning, its major aspects and impact of
economic and development plans.
4. To make students understand current policies in trade, commerce, industry,
agriculture, and financial sector, their impact and the related issues about
implementation.
5. To equip students with analytical tools required for analysis of economy and its
performance.
Lecture Topics
1-4 Concept of economic growth and development;
Factors of economic development;
Measurement of economic growth;
Leading theories for economic development;
Macro-economic framework for analysis of development.
5-7 Fundamental aspects of Pakistan economy, and its important sectors;
The Impact of British Colonialism and important historical developments in the
size and structure of our economy since independence to date;
The issue of Feudalism and its socioeconomic aspects.
8-15 Salient features of Pakistans agriculture;
Different phases of agricultural growth;
Profile of agricultural production and exports of important crops;
Major socioeconomic issues in the development of rural sector;
The issues of disguised unemployment, rural credit and agricultural taxation;
Green revolution and Land Reforms and their impact;
Agricultural price policy and related issues;
Farm mechanization; The nature and direction of change in agronomy.
16-24 The profile, and structural developments in the manufacturing sector;
Historical background of industrial backwardness in Pakistan;
Major issues relating to growth, efficiency and employment in the industrial
sector;
Growth and developments in the small scale industry;
Comparison between the performance of public and private sector;
Policy measures taken by the Government to develop the industrial sector;
Salient features and targets of commercial policies.


25-32 Development of banking sector in Pakistan;
Role of banking in the development of country;
Issue of nationalization. and privatization, and contemporary issues regarding the
efficiency of banking sector;
Functioning of money and capital markets;
Functioning of stock exchanges;
Monetary policy and its tools;
Inflation and its causes;
Credit creation and its limitations; Salient issues in the banking sector.
33-37 Basic facts about public finance and revenue mobilization in Pakistan;
Fiscal policy and its objectives; canons of taxation;
Classification of state expenditure and its various heads;
Major sources of state revenue;
Government budget and its main components;
Fiscal deficit and its macro-economic implications;
Deficit Financing in Pakistan and its impact
38-39 Meaning and importance of capital formation;
Causes of low saving and investment in the economy;
Federal revenues and resource mobilization;
Government strategy to increase capital formation;
Forms and impact of foreign aid and loans.
40-41 Pakistans foreign trade- basic facts;
Trade policy and trade regimes;
The balance of payments problem and its solution;
The exchange rate management issue and its impact on trade;
The issue and impact of Globalization and new trade regimes
42-43 Issues of efficiency in Public and private sector;
Participation of private sector in the economic development;
Establishment of various regulatory authorities like NAPRA, OGRA, etc.;
The issue of regulation and liberalization-the targets and achievements.
44-45 Need and role of developmental planning;
History of economic planning in Pakistan;
Planning machinery in Pakistan;
A brief evaluation of Five Year Plans;
A suggested economic strategy for development in new millennium.
Recommended Text :
1. Zaidi, S. Akbar, Issues in Pakistan Economy, (1999), Oxford University Press.
2. Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Economic Planning ( Finance Division),
Economic Survey of Pakistan, Various issues, Islamabad.
3. Meenai, Asghar, Banking and Finance in Pakistan, (2002), Oxford University
Press.
4. Todaro, M.P., Economic Development, (Latest Edition), Addison Wesley
Publishers.
5. Saeed, K. Amjad, Economy of Pakistan, ( Latest Editions) , Institute of
Business Management, Lahore.
6. World Bank Reports on the suggested areas of study.
7. Quarterly and Annual Reports issued by the State Bank of Pakistan.


Human Behaviour (COM 207)
Course Objectives
1. To equip the student with latest techniques of psychology
2. To introduce the basic psychological aspects to the students
3. To evaluate new claims about psychology by knowing psychological facts and
standards for scientific evidence

Lecture Topic
1-5 Psychologists at Work:
Subfields of Psychology
Working at Psychology
Exploring Diversity
Becoming an Informed Consumer of Psychology
6-12 Perceptual Organization :
The Gestalt Laws of Organization
Feature Analysis
Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processing
Perceptual Constancy
Depth and Motion Perception, perceptual illusions and subliminal
perception
13-18 STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS :
Sleep and Dreams: The Stages of Sleep
The Function and Meaning of Dreaming
Sleep Disturbances
Circadian Rhythms
Daydreams
Becoming an Informed Consumer of Psychology
Hypnosis and Meditation
Drug Use: The Highs and Lows of Consciousness
19-24 LEARNING:
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Cognitive-Social Approaches to Learning
25-29 MEMORY:
Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval of Memory
Recalling Long-Term Memories
Forgetting: When Memory Fails
30-32 COGNITION AND LANGUAGE :
Thinking and Reasoning
Problem Solving
Language
33-35 INTELLIGENCE:
What Is Intelligence?
Variations in Intellectual Ability
36-38 MOTIVATION AND EMOTION:
Explaining Motivation


Human Needs and Motivation: Eat, Drink, and Be Daring
Understanding Emotional Experiences
Nonverbal Behaviour and the Expression of Emotions
37-39 DEVELOPMENT:
Nature and Nurture: The Enduring Developmental Issue
40-45 PERSONALITY:
Psychodynamic Approaches to Personality
Other Major Approaches to Personality: In Search of Human
Uniqueness
Assessing Personality: Determining What Makes Us Special
Recommenced Text:
1. Felman .S Robert ( 2001) , Understanding Psychology, Mc Graw Hill (
seventh Edition )

Pakistan Studies (COM 209)
This course highlights the ingredients of the ideology of Pakistan in historical
perspective. In this context, different phases of Pakistan movement have also been
discussed. Natural and economic resources of Pakistan have also been introduced in
some detail.
Lecture Topics
1-24

Ideology of Pakistan: Definition, Explanation, & Aims.
Ideology of Pakistan in the light of the sayings of Quaid-e-Azam and Allama
Iqbal.
Historical Background of the Ideology of Pakistan.
Presidential Address of Allama Iqbal at Allahabad.
Pakistan Movement: Muslim Nationhood, Evolution of Two-Nation Theory.
Elections of 1946, Congress Behavior & Transfer of Power.
Independence of Pakistan and India.
Initial Difficulties after the formation of Pakistan.
25-45 Efforts for Execution of Islamic System in Pakistan.
Natural Resources in Pakistan.
Communication Infrastructure in Pakistan.
Important Industrial Production and their Economic Impact.
Pakistans Major Imports and Exports.
Economic Self-reliance.
Human Rights.
Recommended Text:
1. A Comprehensive Book of Pakistan Studies: M. Ikram Rabbani.

4
th
Semester
Principles of Marketing (MKG 202)
Course Objectives:
Marketing is not just selling or advertising. It is a rigorous, disciplined science that
applies a reasoned framework to the selection of target markets and the optimization
of marketing decisions. In this course we seek to:


Introduce to students the key marketing ideas and phenomena, especially the core
theme of delivering benefits to customers.
Develop students skills in marketing analysis and planning.
Familiarize students with the tactics of the marketing (Product strategy, advertising
and communications [Promotion], and distribution [Place], and Price - 4P's) and
enhance problem solving and decision making abilities in these areas.
How to evaluate the attractiveness of different markets.
Lecture Topics
1,2 The Field of Marketing, Introductory Concepts.
3
4
Adapting Marketing to the New Economy
Positioning Marketing as the Driver in the Digital Economy
5,6 Marketing- oriented Strategic Planning
7,8 Scanning the Marketing Environment
9
10
Marketing research process
Marketing information systems.
11 Identifying Marketing Opportunities
12

13

14
Consumer behavior
Consumer purchase decision process.
Influences on consumer behavior:
Social influences
Thaler, R. "Mental Accounting and Consumer Choice."
Marketing Science 4 (1985): 199-214
Simonson, I. "Get Closer To Your Customers By Understanding
How They Make Choices." California Management Review 35, no. 4
(Summer 1993).
15,16 Identifying Marketing Segments and Selecting Target Markets
Case study assignment
17,18 Product positioning and Differentiating the Marketing Offering The
Product Life Cycle
19,20 The marketing mix: Product.
Meaning and classification of product
Development of new product
"J ager's Gamble." Economist 37, no. 3 (Oct 9, 1999).
Staff. "Know Thyself." Economist 76, no. 76 (1999).
21,22 Determinants of product mix
Product adoption-diffusion process
Product portfolio classification
Product deletion strategy.
23,24

25

26
The marketing mix: Price.
Nature and importance of pricing.
Pricing objectives
Factors influencing pricing decision
Anderson, E., and Duncan Simester. "Mind Your Pricing Cues."
Harvard Business Review 81, no. 9 (Sep 2003).
Dolan, Robert J . "How Do You Know When the Price Is
Right?" Harvard Business Review (September 1995). Reprint No.
95501.
27,28 Developing Price Strategies and Programs.


29,30 The marketing mix: Promotion strategy.
Role of promotion in business marketing
Developing and implementing the promotional mix.
31,32
33
Advertising, sales promotion and public relations.
Dye, Renee. "The Buzz on Buzz." Harvard Business Review
(November 2000). Reprint No. R00606.

34,35 Managing The Sales Force

36

37
38
The marketing mix: Distribution
Designing distribution channel.
Selecting the type of channel.
Staff. "Republic Industries, Toyota Settle Dispute over
Dealerships." The Wall Street J ournal, J an 2, 1997.
Staff. "Categorical Imperatives." Economist, J an 2, 1997.
39,40,41 Managing Retailing, Wholesaling and Market Logistics
42,43 Managing The Total Marketing Effort
44,45 Marketing plan development analysis
Recommended Text:
1. Kotler, Philip. (2002) Marketing Management. 11
th
Edition, Prentice- Hall.
2. Stanton, Etzel, Walker. (2004), Marketing, 13
th
edition, McGraw-Hill.

Human Resource Management (HRM 204)
Course Objectives:
The importance of human resource cannot be overemphasized in the modern world.
The contents will help students to grasp the main concerns of HRM in todays
dynamic business environment. The course deals with the issues of recruitment,
training, motivational techniques, different performance appraisal procedures, and
their use for efficient handling of human resource.
Lecture Topic
1-3 Introduction to HRM
4-7 J ob Design and Analysis.
8-12 Human Resource Planning.
13-17 Recruitment and Selection.
18-24 Testing, Interviewing
25-30 Performance Appraisal.
31-34 Training.
364-38 Promotion, Transfer, Layoff and Discharge.
39-42 Motivation.
43-45 Discipline.
Recommended Texts:
1. Personnel: The Management of People at Work: Dale S. Beach. Macmillan
Publishing Company, New York.
2. Principles of Personnel Management: Flippo Edwin B. McGraw Hill Book
Company.


Managerial Economics (COM 206)
Course objective
One of the objectives is to examine how a firm can achieve its aims and goals when
one comes to know that there exist a difference between theory and practice.
The subject offers tool and techniques to estimate and forecast the demand and
supply of firms and consumers and to examine the process whereby firm as well as
consumer can reach the optimum decision making when they face large set of
constraints in the real world.

Recommended Text
1. H. Craig Petersen, W. Cris. Lewis. Third edition. New York
Macmillan(1994)
2. Dominik Salvator. 2
nd
edition Managerial Economics in Global economy.
New York Mc Grew Hill (1993).

Lecture Topic
1-3 Definition and scope of managerial economics
Certainty VS uncertainty, Positive and Normative economics, uses of models,
circular flow of economic activity, nature of the firm, firms objective,
maximization VS satisfaction, principal agent problem, economies and decision
making, concept of economic profit and profit in market system.
4-6 Demand/Supply analysis
Review, individual and market demand/supply curves. Factors effecting, shift of
and movement along the demand curves, factors effecting. Concept of elastic ties
and its business relevance.
7-9 Theory of consumer, IC approach, Budget line, consumer choice and demand.
10-13 Regression technique and demand estimation using the ways of collecting the
information, choice of functional form, interpretation of results, the problems
associated with the regression technique.
14-17 Demand forecasting. Sources of data collection, time series analysis, barometric
forecasting, input output matrix.
18-21 Production theory analysis. Production in short run and in long run, economies of
scale and scope, production function and its estimation.
22-24 Cost theory and analysis. Different form and types of costs, production and cost
analysis in short run and in long run, profit contribution analysis, short run and
long run cost estimation, learning curves concept.
25-27 Linear programming preview. Its applications and assumption. Profit and cost
constraints, the problems associated with linear programming.
28-36 Market competitions, brief and detailed discussion on perfect competition,
monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly.
37-40 Pricing of products. Price discrimination, cost plus and mark up pricing, input
pricing and employment, wage income differentials, labor unions and minimum
wage law.
41-45 Risk and decision making. The ways to minimize risk associated with a business,
risk preferences and its management, risk tree analysis.


Sociology (COM 208)
Course Objectives:
Build a confidence for social interaction and relationship
How they behave in social groups , community , social institutions and
different personalities
Lecture Topic
1-10 . Introduction
Nature, scope and subject matter of Sociology
Brief historical development of Sociology
Introduction to Quranic Sociology
Society and community
Relationship with other social
Social Interaction Processes The study of social life
Exploring the global village
Sociology as a science
The Sociological imagination
The development of Sociology
Pioneers of Sociology
11-15 Social groups
Definition and functions
Types of social groups
16-18 Social institutions
Definition
Structure and function of social institutions
Inter-relationships among various social institutions
19-22 Culture and related concepts
Definition and aspects of culture
Elements of culture t
Organization of culture
Other concepts, cultural relativism, sub cultures, ethnocentrism,
cultural lag
23-24 Socialization and personality
Role and status
Socialization
Culture and personality
25-27 Deviance and social control
Definition and types of deviance
J uvenile delinquency
Formal and informal methods of social control

28-30 Social stratification
Approach to study social stratification
Caste class and race as basics of social stratification
31-35 Concept of social movement
Theories of social movement
Social and cultural change


Collective behavior
Definition
Characteristics
Causes
Types
Social movements
Mob and crowd behaviour
36-45 Social and cultural change
Definition of social change
Dynamics of social change
Impact of globalization on society and culture
Resistance to change

Recommended Text: -
1. Kendall, Diana, (2001), Sociology in our times, 32
nd
Edition, Wadsworth.
2. J ames. M. Hensline, (1997), Sociology, Needhan Heigwb, Massachusetts,
USA.
3. George J . Brgjar, Michael P. Soroke, (1997), Sociology, Needhan Heigwb,
Massachusetts, USA.

Islamiyat (COM 210)
Course Objectives
The course seeks to introduce Islamic Teachings related to economic behaviour and
commercial activities. It would spell out the measures towards establishing an Islamic
Order based on the legal norms and ethical values of Islam. Special emphasis has
been placed in this course on Islamic Orientation for economic behaviour and
commercial transactions.
Lecture Topics
1-6 Quran.
7-12 Sunnah.
13-26 Fundamentals of Islamic Belief.
This World and Hereafter.
The Concept of Khalifah and the responsibility of man.
Ethical, religious, economical & political conditions of Arabia before
Islam.
Sirah of the Prophet (sall-laho-alaih-e-wasallam).
27-39 Features of Islamic Society.
Emphasis on fairness, equity and justice.
Economic Affairs:
Prohibition of Riba.
Prohibition of Bribery, Theft and Hoarding of Wealth.
Prohibition of Deception.
Prohibition of Hoarding.
Prohibition of selling items not owned by the seller.
Ethical Behavior.
40-45 Role of Islam in building of human culture.


Recommended Text: -
1. The Introduction to Islam: Dr. Muhammad Hamidullah.
2. Islami Nazriyae Hayat (In Urdu): Khurshid Ahmad.
3. Islam and Modern Economics and Trade (In Urdu): J ustice Taqi Usmani.
4. Prohibition of Riba and Interest Free Monetary System (In Urdu): Dr. Mahmood
A. Ghazi.

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