Us 20010047736

US 20010047736A1
(19) United States

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2001/0047736 A1
Thiesen
(43) Pub. Date:
(54) CARTRIDGE AMMUNITION

(75)
Inventor:
Stefan Thiesen, Willich (DE)
(30)
PO. Box 34385
Foreign Application Priority Data
Sep. 23, 1997
Correspondence Address:
VENABLE, BAETJ ER, HOWARD AND
CIVILETTI, LLP
Dec. 6, 2001
(DE) ................................... .. 197 41 841.4
Publication Classi?cation
(51)
Int. Cl? .................................................... ..F42B 14/06
(52)
Us. 01. ............................................................ ..102/523
Washington, DC 20043-9998 (US)

(73) Assignee: Rheinmetall W & M GmbH, Heinrich
Ehrhardt-Strasse, Unterluss (DE)
(21) Appl. No.:
09/903,519
(22) Filed:
Jul. 13, 2001

Related US. Application Data
(62) Division of application No. 09/157,951, ?led on Sep.

22, 1998, noW Pat. No. 6,279,448.
(57)
ABSTRACT
A cartridge ammunition includes a cartridge case having a

front and a rear; a projectile inserted into the cartridge case
at its front and extending into the cartridge case; an igniter
provided in the rear of the cartridge case; and a propellant
charge accommodated in the cartridge case. The propellant

charge is formed of a compacted bulk propellant poWder
having a density of betWeen 0.9 and 1.2 g/cm3.
Patent Application Publication
Dec. 6, 2001 Sheet 1 0f 2
US 2001/0047736 A1
FIGJ
Patent Application Publication
Dec. 6, 2001 Sheet 2 0f 2
US 2001/0047736 A1
FIG.2
Dec. 6, 2001
US 2001/0047736 A1
CARTRIDGE AMMUNITION
axis of the cartridge case, Whereby a relatively high charge
density (packing density) of the propellant charge and thus

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
APPLICATION
a substantial performance increase of the cartridge are

achieved.
[0001] This application is a division of application Ser.

No. 09/157,951 ?led Sep. 22, 1998.
[0009] Tests have shoWn that the frequency With Which the
rotary vibrator is oscillated is preferably betWeen 0.2 and 10
HZ and the amplitude of the pivotal motion is betWeen 10
and 270 in order to achieve the predetermined compactness
of the bulk poWder propellant charge in a relatively short
[0002] This application claims the priority of German

Application No. 197 41 841.4 ?led Sep. 23, 1997, Which is
incorporated herein by reference.
[0003]
time.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0010] In accordance With an advantageous embodiment

of the invention, a ?rst partial charge is provided not by
This invention relates to cartridge ammunition.
compression in the cartridge case, but as a stacked charge
[0004] German Offenlegungsschrift (application pub

lished Without examination) 41 39 269, to Which corre
sponds US. Pat. No. 5,335,599, discloses a cartridge having

a combustible cartridge case Which, for increasing perfor
mance, has three partial charges: a high charge-density ?rst
partial charge Which is a compressed propellant poWder and

Which is disposed betWeen the rear of the projectile and the
cartridge base, a second partial charge Which is a bulk
propellant poWder and Which is situated at that side of the
cartridge case Which is oriented toWards the projectile tip,
and a third partial charge situated betWeen the ?rst and
second partial charges. The third partial charge is a rod

shaped propellant Which may also contain bulk propellant
poWder shaken into the space accommodating the rod pro
having a compactness Which corresponds to that of a com
pressed partial charge. Since stacked charges may be very

accurately made, the cartridges accordingly have a repro
ducible inner ballistic behavior even When ?red at loW
temperatures. Further, by using such charges as separately

deliverable components, an introduction of such charges
into the cartridge may be performed in a short period of time.
[0011] According to another advantageous embodiment of

the invention, the ?rst partial charge too, is introduced into
the cartridge case as a bulk propellant poWder compacted by
the rotary vibrator until the desired packing density is
reached.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
pellant.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is an axial sectional vieW of a tWo-part
[0005] It is one of the disadvantages of the above-outlined

knoWn cartridge that the second partial charge, because of its
cartridge made according to the invention.
loW charge density, contributes only slightlyif at allto

the desired performance increase of the cartridge. Further,
the compression of the ?rst partial charge in the cartridge
[0013]
case leads to problems of reproducibility Which is particu
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED

EMBODIMENTS
larly disadvantageous When ?ring cartridges at loW tempera

tures. Also, introducing the propellant into the knoWn car
tridge is a relatively time-consuming process.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006]
It is an object of the invention to provide an
improved cartridge of the above-outlined type in Which the

second partial charge too, signi?cantly contributes to the
performance increase of the cartridge.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional vieW taken along
line II-II of FIG. 1.
[0014] FIG. 1 shoWs a cartridge 1 having a frontal car

tridge case part 2 and a rearWard cartridge case part 3,
separated from one another by a combustible disk 4 made,
for example, of cardboard or textile fabric.
[0015]
The rearWard cartridge case part 3 is formed of a
combustible component 5 secured to a metal case bottom 6,
centrally supporting a bottom igniter part 7 by a threaded

connection. The cartridge case part 3 accommodates a ?rst
This object and others to become apparent as the
partial charge 8 Which is a stacked charge having a packing
speci?cation progresses, are accomplished by the invention,

according to Which, brie?y stated, the cartridge ammunition
density corresponding to the compressed material(1.2
[0007]
includes a cartridge case having a front and a rear; a
projectile inserted into the cartridge case at its front and
extending into the cartridge case; an igniter provided in the

rear of the cartridge case; and a propellant charge accom
modated in the cartridge case. The propellant charge is

formed of a compacted bulk propellant poWder having a
density of betWeen 0.9 and 1.2 g/cm3.
[0008] Essentially, the invention is based on the principle

to use a bulk propellant poWder Which is densely packed
(compacted) by means of a rotary vibrator. The rotary
vibrator is arranged in such a manner that its axis of rotation
coincides With the longitudinal axis of the cartridge case. As

a result of such a positional relationship, the vibrating
process results in a paralleliZation of the longitudinal axes of
the individual propellant poWder grains With the longitudinal
g/cm3) used in comparable cartridges (such as disclosed in

the earlier-noted German Offenlegungsschrift 41 38 269).
The ?rst partial charge 8 de?nes an axial bore for receiving
a metal ignition tube 9 Which passes through the ?rst partial
charge 8 and Which is supported on the bottom igniter part
7 to prevent it from lateral displacements.
[0016]
The frontal cartridge case part 2 accommodates a
?n-stabiliZed, subcaliber kinetic energy projectile 12 having

a sabot 11 and extending to the bottom 10 of the frontal
cartridge case part 2. The latter is formed of a combustible
component 13 Which has a cylindrical portion 14 and a
frontal circumferential shoulder 15 Whose forWard end is
inWardly crimped for providing an engagement face for the

sabot 11. The frontal cartridge case part 2 accommodates, in
the space surrounded by the shoulder 15, a second partial
charge 16 Which is a bulk propellant poWder, compacted
Dec. 6, 2001
US 2001/0047736 A1
according to the invention by means of a rotary vibrator (not
illustrated) to a packing density of betWeen approximately

0.9 and 1.2 g/cm3.
[0017]
In the frontal cartridge case part 2, betWeen the
second partial charge 16 and the bottom plate 10, propellant

rods are provided Which constitute a third partial charge 17.
The rods are packed closely to one another and extend over
the length of the cylindrical portion 14. For ?lling dead

spaces betWeen the rods or betWeen the rods on the one hand
and the rearWard part 18 of the projectile 12 on the other
hand, and thus for increasing the packing density of the third
partial charge, additionally bulk propellant may be shaken
feasible to again oscillate the assembly 2, 12 in the above

described manner for compacting the bulk poWder propel
lant occupying the cylindrical part 14.

[0024] Thereafter the combustible disk 4 is inserted to
form the bottom of the frontal cartridge case part 2.
[0025]
As a last step, the rearWard cartridge case part 3 is
secured to the frontal cartridge part 2, for example, by

gluing. The rearWard cartridge case part 3 Was previously
?lled With the stacked charge forming the ?rst partial charge
8.
[0026] According to an alternative, the pouring and vibrat
into those locations. Further, betWeen the second and the

third partial charges 16 and 17 a combustible apertured disk
ing step continues until the bulk poWder substantially
19 is provided.
tridge case part 2 as Well. In such a case then the rod-shaped
[0018] In FIG. 2 the individual poWder grains are desig

nated at 20; arroW 21 indicates the direction of the oscillat
ing motion of the cartridge during compacting of the pro

pellant. Such an oscillating motion is performed about the
longitudinal axis 22 of the cartridge With an amplitude of
about approximately 150 at a frequency of preferably
betWeen 0.2 and 10 HZ.
[0019]
In the description Which folloWs a preferred
embodiment of the invention Will be set forth.
[0020]
The kinetic energy projectile 12 is inserted into the
frontal cartridge case part 2 to assume a position as shoWn
in FIG. 1. At this stage, the frontal cartridge case part 2 has

no propellant charges nor are the bottom plates 4 and 19
present. Also, the frontal cartridge case part 2 and the

rearWard cartridge case part 3 are not yet joined to one
another.
entirely ?lls the cylindrical portion 14 of the frontal car
propellant poWder and the apertured disk 19 are omitted. Or,

after the bulk poWder has been compacted in the space
surrounded by the shoulder 15, the apertured disk 19 is
inserted and then the pouring and the vibrating step contin
ues to ?ll the cylindrical space 14 instead of providing the
poWder rods.
[0027]
As a further alternative Which may be combined
With either method concerning the ?lling of the frontal

cartridge case part 2, instead of a stacked propellant charge,
the ?rst propellant charge 8 contained in the rearWard
cartridge case part 5 may also be a bulk poWder, compacted
by a rotary vibrator as described in connection With the
frontal cartridge case part 2. Both alternatives contribute to
an economic manufacture of the cartridge ammunition.
[0028]
It is to be understood that the invention is not
limited to the described example. Thus, the cartridge need

not be a tWo-part structure; the invention may ?nd equally
[0021] Thereafter, the assembly formed by the frontal
advantageous application in one-part cartridges as Well.
cartridge case part 2 and the kinetic energy projectile 12 is
[0029] The packing densities of the partial charges should

be preferably betWeen 0.9 and 1.2 g/cm3.
placed in a non-illustrated rotary vibrator so that the kinetic
energy projectile 12 is pointing doWnWard and the assembly

axis 22 coincides With the rotary axis of the vibrator.
[0022] Then the rotary vibrator is set in motion such that

the assembly 2, 12 is oscillated With an amplitude of
betWeen 10 and 270 and With a frequency of betWeen 0.2
and 10 HZ. Simultaneously, bulk propellant poWder is

poured into the frontal cartridge part 2 from the top (that is,
through the presently open bottom of the cylindrical part
14), Whereby the bulk poWder Will build up in the space
Which is surrounded by the shoulder portion 15 and, by
virtue of the forces imparted on the poWder grains by the
oscillation, the longitudinal axes of the grains Will be aligned
parallel to the assembly axis 22. Thus, the rotary vibrator
causes a compacting of the bulk poWder in the forWard
portion of the frontal cartridge case part 2, particularly in the

space Which is surrounded by the shoulder 15. Vibrating the
assembly 2, 12 and pouring the bulk poWder are discontin
ued When the predetermined amount of bulk poWder has
been placed into the frontal cartridge case portion 2 to thus
constitute the second propellant charge 16.
[0023] As a next step, the perforated disk 19 is inserted in
the frontal cartridge case part 2 and then the poWder rods
forming the third propellant charge 17 are positioned in the

cylindrical portion 14 of the frontal cartridge case part 2. To
?ll out dead spaces, bulk poWder may be shaken into the
cylindrical part 14 to ?ll the spaces betWeen the rods and
betWeen the rods and the cylindrical portion 14. It is also
[0030] It Will further be understood that the above descrip

tion of the present invention is susceptible to various modi
?cations, changes and adaptations, and the same are
intended to be comprehended Within the meaning and range
of equivalents of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. Cartridge ammunition comprising

(a) a cartridge case having a front and a rear;
(b) a projectile inserted into said cartridge case at said

front thereof; said projectile extending into said car
tridge case;
(c) an igniter provided in said cartridge case at said rear
thereof; and
(d) a propellant charge accommodated in said cartridge
case; said propellant charge being formed of a com
pacted bulk propellant poWder having a density of

betWeen 0.9 and 1.2 g/cm3.
2. The cartridge ammunition as de?ned in claim 1,
Wherein said propellant charge is a second propellant charge

extending from the front of said cartridge case rearWardly;
further comprising a ?rst propellant charge extending from
the rear of said cartridge case forWardly; and further Wherein
said ?rst propellant charge is formed of stacked propellant
poWder.
Dec. 6, 2001
US 2001/0047736 A1
wherein said stacked propellant powder has a packing
the rear of said cartridge case forwardly and a third propel
density of 21.2 g/cm3.
lant charge disposed in said cartridge case between said ?rst
wherein said propellant charge is a second propellant charge

extending from the front of said cartridge case rearwardly;
the rear of said cartridge case forwardly; further wherein
said ?rst propellant charge is formed of a compacted bulk

propellant powder having a density of between 0.9 and 1.2
g/cm2.
wherein said propellant charge is a second propellant charge

extending from the front of said cartridge case rearwardly;
and second propellant charges.

wherein said third propellant charge is formed of propellant

powder rods.
wherein said third propellant charge is formed at least in part
of a compacted bulk propellant powder having a density of
between 0.9 and 1.2 g/cm3.

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US 20010047736A1

(19) United States

(43) Pub. Date:

(54) CARTRIDGE AMMUNITION

Stefan Thiesen, Willich (DE)

PO. Box 34385

Foreign Application Priority Data

Sep. 23, 1997

(DE) ................................... .. 197 41 841.4

Int. Cl? .................................................... ..F42B 14/06

Us. 01. ............................................................ ..102/523

Washington, DC 20043-9998 (US)

Ehrhardt-Strasse, Unterluss (DE)

(21) Appl. No.:

Jul. 13, 2001

(62) Division of application No. 09/157,951, ?led on Sep.

A cartridge ammunition includes a cartridge case having a

charge accommodated in the cartridge case. The propellant

Patent Application Publication

Dec. 6, 2001 Sheet 1 0f 2

Patent Application Publication

Dec. 6, 2001 Sheet 2 0f 2

axis of the cartridge case, Whereby a relatively high charge

density (packing density) of the propellant charge and thus

a substantial performance increase of the cartridge are

[0001] This application is a division of application Ser.

[0002] This application claims the priority of German

incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0010] In accordance With an advantageous embodiment

This invention relates to cartridge ammunition.

compression in the cartridge case, but as a stacked charge

[0004] German Offenlegungsschrift (application pub

sponds US. Pat. No. 5,335,599, discloses a cartridge having

partial charge Which is a compressed propellant poWder and

second partial charges. The third partial charge is a rod

having a compactness Which corresponds to that of a com

pressed partial charge. Since stacked charges may be very

temperatures. Further, by using such charges as separately

[0011] According to another advantageous embodiment of

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional vieW of a tWo-part

[0005] It is one of the disadvantages of the above-outlined

cartridge made according to the invention.

loW charge density, contributes only slightlyif at allto

case leads to problems of reproducibility Which is particu

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED

larly disadvantageous When ?ring cartridges at loW tempera

It is an object of the invention to provide an

improved cartridge of the above-outlined type in Which the

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional vieW taken along

line II-II of FIG. 1.

[0014] FIG. 1 shoWs a cartridge 1 having a frontal car

The rearWard cartridge case part 3 is formed of a

combustible component 5 secured to a metal case bottom 6,

centrally supporting a bottom igniter part 7 by a threaded

This object and others to become apparent as the

partial charge 8 Which is a stacked charge having a packing

speci?cation progresses, are accomplished by the invention,

density corresponding to the compressed material(1.2