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    Mineral: Amethyst Quartz

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    Totztutz Togodunz Tonztunz
    Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a defined chemical composition and crystalline structure. There are over 4,900 known mineral species, with silicate minerals making up over 90% of the Earth's crust due to its high silicon and oxygen content. Minerals are distinguished from each other by their chemical composition and crystal structure, which influence physical properties like hardness, color, and cleavage, and are affected by the geological environment in which they form. Minerals are classified based on their chemical constituents, with silicate minerals further divided into subclasses based on the connectivity of their silica tetrahedra building blocks.

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    Mineral: Amethyst Quartz

    Uploaded by

    Totztutz Togodunz Tonztunz
    29 views1 page
    Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a defined chemical composition and crystalline structure. There are over 4,900 known mineral species, with silicate minerals making up over 90% of the Earth's crust due to its high silicon and oxygen content. Minerals are distinguished from each other by their chemical composition and crystal structure, which influence physical properties like hardness, color, and cleavage, and are affected by the geological environment in which they form. Minerals are classified based on their chemical constituents, with silicate minerals further divided into subclasses based on the connectivity of their silica tetrahedra building blocks.

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    Mineral

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    Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a defined chemical composition and crystalline structure. There are over 4,900 known mineral species, with silicate minerals making up over 90% of the Earth's crust due to its high silicon and oxygen content. Minerals are distinguished from each other by their chemical composition and crystal structure, which influence physical properties like hardness, color, and cleavage, and are affected by the geological environment in which they form. Minerals are classified based on their chemical constituents, with silicate minerals further divided into subclasses based on the connectivity of their silica tetrahedra building blocks.

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    29 views1 page

    Mineral: Amethyst Quartz

    Uploaded by

    Totztutz Togodunz Tonztunz
    Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a defined chemical composition and crystalline structure. There are over 4,900 known mineral species, with silicate minerals making up over 90% of the Earth's crust due to its high silicon and oxygen content. Minerals are distinguished from each other by their chemical composition and crystal structure, which influence physical properties like hardness, color, and cleavage, and are affected by the geological environment in which they form. Minerals are classified based on their chemical constituents, with silicate minerals further divided into subclasses based on the connectivity of their silica tetrahedra building blocks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Mineral

    Amethyst, a variety of quartz

    A mineral is a naturally occurring substance that is solid and


    inorganic representable by a chemical formula,
    usually abiogenic, and has an ordered atomic structure. It is
    different from a rock, which can be an aggregate of minerals or
    non-minerals and does not have a specific chemical
    composition. The exact definition of a mineral is under debate,
    especially with respect to the requirement a valid species be
    abiogenic, and to a lesser extent with regard to it having an
    ordered atomic structure.[citation needed] The study of minerals is
    calledmineralogy.
    There are over 4,900 known mineral species; over 4,660 of
    these have been approved by the International Mineralogical
    Association(IMA). The silicate minerals compose over 90% of
    the Earth's crust. The diversity and abundance of mineral
    species is controlled by the Earth's chemistry. Silicon and oxygen constitute approximately 75% of
    the Earth's crust, which translates directly into the predominance of silicate minerals. Minerals are
    distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical
    composition and crystal structure distinguish various species, and these properties in turn are
    influenced by the mineral's geological environment of formation. Changes in the temperature,
    pressure, or bulk composition of a rock mass cause changes in its minerals.
    Minerals can be described by various physical properties which relate to their chemical structure and
    composition. Common distinguishing characteristics include crystal structure
    and habit, hardness, lustre, diaphaneity, colour, streak, tenacity, cleavage, fracture, parting,
    andspecific gravity. More specific tests for minerals include magnetism, taste or
    smell, radioactivity and reaction to acid.
    Minerals are classified by key chemical constituents; the two dominant systems are the Dana
    classification and the Strunz classification. The silicate class of minerals is subdivided into six
    subclasses by the degree of polymerization in the chemical structure. All silicate minerals have a
    base unit of a [SiO4]4 silica tetrahedrathat is, a silicon cation coordinated by four oxygen anions,
    which gives the shape of a tetrahedron. These tetrahedra can be polymerized to give the
    subclasses: orthosilicates (no polymerization, thus single tetrahedra), disilicates (two tetrahedra
    bonded together), cyclosilicates (rings of tetrahedra), inosilicates (chains of tetrahedra),
    phyllosilicates (sheets of tetrahedra), and tectosilicates (three-dimensional network of tetrahedra).
    Other important mineral groups include the native
    elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, andphosphates.

    Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral

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