Chapter 8b DC Motor Selection of An Electric Vehicle Dr. Lutfi R. Al-Sharif (Revision 2.0, 17/5/2008)
Chapter 8b DC Motor Selection of An Electric Vehicle Dr. Lutfi R. Al-Sharif (Revision 2.0, 17/5/2008)
Chapter 8b DC Motor Selection of An Electric Vehicle Dr. Lutfi R. Al-Sharif (Revision 2.0, 17/5/2008)
electric vehicle
4. Basic equations
There are four forces that need to be overcome when driving the vehicle:
4.1 Acceleration force
In order to accelerate the masses, a force needs to be applied. The data given only
includes translational masses. So in order to account for the rotational inertias, it
shall be assumed that they represent a fixed percentage of the total translational
masses (5% in this case).
where:
Fa is in N
m is the mass in kg
a is in ms-2
4.2 Climbing force
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Where:
Fc is in N
m is the mass in kg
g is the acceleration due to gravity in ms-2
is the angle of inline to the horizontal
4.3 Aerodynamic drag force
The vehicle will face air resistance. This depends on the density of the air, the
effective area and the square of the speed.
Where:
Fcd is the aerodynamic drag force in N
Cw is the relative wind factor at wind speed of 75 mph (dimensionless) taken here as
0.062
Cd is the drag coefficient (dimensionless) taken here at 0.3
A is the effective area in m2, taken here as 2 m2
is the density of air in kgm-3 taken here at 1.2 kg m-3
is the angle of inline to the horizontal which is 30 degrees in this problem
v is the speed in ms-1
4.4 Rolling resistance force
Although the tyres have full traction on the surface and thus do not incur any friction,
there is still friction incurred within the vehicle inside the bearings when moving. This
is referred to as rolling resistance. It calculated as follows:
Where:
Fr is the rolling resistance in N
m is the mass in kg
g is the acceleration due to gravity in ms-2
is the angle of inline to the horizontal
Cr is the coefficient of rolling resistance (dimensionless) and is speed dependent
v is the speed in ms-1
5. Motor specification
The vehicle will use four motors, each mounted directly onto one of the wheels. This
improves the efficiency of the system by reducing transmission. Then you have to
select a motor from the following three motors:
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