The psychoanalytic view in psychology is most clearly associated with:

a. Carl Rogers
b. Sigmund Freud
c. John B. Watson
d. Max Wertheimer
Sigmund Freud was associated with which of the following schools of psychology?
a. behaviorism
b. functionalism
c. structuralism
d. none of these choices
One of Sigmund Freuds most distinctive departures from the prevailing attitudes in
psychology was his emphasis on:
a. systematic introspection as a tool to understanding human nature
b. finding the links between observable behavior and environmental stimuli
c. the conscious experience of everyday events
d. the unconscious determinants of behavior
According to Sigmund Freud, the unconscious:
a. is less important in understanding behavior than consciousness
b. can be accessed directly through conscious introspection
c. contains memories and urges that control behavior
d. does not exist
Who pioneered the analysis of dreams and slips of the tongue to understand the
motivation behind behavior?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Carl Rogers
d. William James
Dewayne plans to focus his studies on the unconscious determinants of behavior.
His interests are most similar to which of the following:
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. Aristotle

c. Sigmund Freud
d. William James
Which of the following questions would most interest a psychoanalyst?
a. What is the purpose of friendship?
b. What are the basic elements of friendship?
c. How does the unconscious influence friendship?
d. How does external reinforcement affect friendship?
The owner of a store that buys and sells used books has just purchased one written
by Sigmund Freud. The book was is most likely about:
a. a set of innate principles of perception
b. psychoanalysis
c. how environmental changes effect behavior
d. natural selection
The owner of a store that buys and sells used books has just purchased one written
by a psychoanalyst. The book is most likely about:
a. a method for examining the unconscious
b. how environmental changes effect behavior
c. a set of innate principles of perception
d. natural selection and adaptation
An auction house is about to sell a first edition of a book arguing psychology should
not study consciousness, but should emphasize the study of how the unconscious
memories and urges effect behavior. The book was most likely written by:
a. William James
b. Abraham Maslow
c. Wilhelm Wundt
d. Sigmund Freud
A major difference between Watsons behaviorism and Freuds psychoanalysis is
that behaviorism stresses:
a. the function of the mind, but psychoanalysis stresses the potential for growth
b. observable behavior, but psychoanalysis stresses unconscious urges
c. the potential for growth, but psychoanalysis stresses unconscious urges

d. biological activity, but psychoanalysis stresses observable behavior

Gerard believes that individuals act aggressively toward each other as a result of
unconscious motives and conflicts. Gerards view is most consistent with the:
a. psychoanalytic view of psychology
b. structuralist approach to psychology
c. nativist view of psychology
d. behavioral approach to psychology
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are most closely associated with:
a. behavioral psychology
b. psychoanalysis
c. humanism
d. structuralism
Humanistic psychologists, such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, focused on:
a. unconscious animalistic urges
b. hidden conflicts that motivate human behavior
c. systematic introspection as a tool to understanding human nature
d. humans unique capacity for self-awareness and growth
Carl Rogers was associated with which of the following schools of psychology:
a. behaviorism
b. functionalism
c. structuralism
d. none of these choices
Abraham Maslow was associated with which of the following schools of psychology?
a. behaviorism
b. functionalism
c. structuralism
d. none of these choices
Which of the following pairings is incorrect?
a. B.F. Skinner: behaviorism
b. Abraham Maslow: functionalism

c. Carl Rogers: humanism

d. Wilhelm Wundt: structuralism
Which of the following pairings is correct?
a. Abraham Maslow: humanistic psychology
b. B.F. Skinner: structuralism
c. Wilhelm Wundt: functionalism
d. Sigmund Freud: behavioral psychology
Which of the following pairings is correct?
a. Carl Rogers: humanistic psychology
b. B.F. Skinner: structuralism
c. Wilhelm Wundt: functionalism
d. Sigmund Freud: behavioral psychology
A capacity for self-awareness and personal growth is associated most closely with:
a. psychoanalysis
b. empiricism
c. cognitive psychology
d. humanistic psychology
We research theories of personality to
a. agree with all theorists on their own personality theories.
b. describe their use for real-world problems.
c. show how personality theories are superior to any other theories.
d. generalize that all people are the same across cultures.
Understanding and knowing your own personality
a. will help you to diagnose others that are different from you.
b. will help you find compatible people in your life.
c. will help you to avoid people who are not perfect for your life.
d. will help determine your success and life fulfillment.
We ________ personality in order to better understand ourselves and others.
a. correct
b. exaggerate

c. judge
d. ignore
Your personality can be shaped by
a. organic reflex reactions.
b. the number and variety of your social situations and interactions with others.
c. hypnosis.
d. adult neurosis.
Wundt and others created the study of psychology but believed the subject was also
linked to
a. the study of physics and chemistry.
b. the analysis of basic elements as they pertain to our mind.
c. culture and the variety of our interactions with people.
d. all of the above.
Watson was a psychologist who focused on ___________ in the United States.
a. behaviorism
b. psychoanalysis
c. existentialism
d. cognitive processes
_______________ presents a mechanistic picture of human beings.
a. Psychoanalysis
b. Education
c. Medication
d. Behaviorism
Freud based his theory of personality on
a. the laboratory setting.
b. cognitive processing.
c. clinical observation of his patients.
d. behaviorism.
Learned habits and response systems are attributed to
a. Jung.

b. Watson.
c. Skinner.
d. Freud.
Behaviorism, according to __________, perceives human beings as well-ordered
machines.
a. Skinner
b. Watson
c. Jung
d. Freud
Neo-psychoanalysts focus on
a. their own interpretations of behavior.
b. behaviorism.
c. learned responses and habits.
d. the whole person in how they function in the real world.
__________ is generally considered to have formalized the study of personality.
a. Freud
b. Allport
c. Jung
d. Skinner
Personality can be summed up by which of the following phrases?
a. Personality is how we perceive ourselves and also how others perceive us.
b. Personality shows that we are deterministic, mechanical and dont change
throughout our lives.
c. Personality involves the interpretations of fantasies and past recollections of
repressed memories.
d. Personality is entirely based on how we were treated during childhood.
Persona is
a. a persons mechanistic behavior.
b. predictable and automatic.
c. like a mask used by actors in a play.
d. only what others think about us.

Your personality can be

a. rigid and inflexible.
b. constantly changing.
c. based on traits and behavior.
d. all of the answers
Social networking sites, such as Facebook, can
a. increase an idealized self-image.
b. help a person pretend they are someone else.
c. be as accurate as face-to-face interactions in determining personality.
d. all the answers
In research, those who have a high level of social network use
a. are more extroverted.
b. are more introverted.
c. are more anxious.
d. score higher on tests of emotional stability.
In research, shy American college students who use text messages were more likely
to experience
a. a reduction in their feelings of loneliness.
b. an increase in their fears of loneliness.
c. no change in their feelings of loneliness.
d. an increase in emotional instability
In the past, ____ ____were more likely to be used in research on personality theory.
a. white women
b. Latino men
c. white men
d. black men
Children who are exposed to vastly different environments
a. have vastly different personalities.
b. are equally the same in personality.
c. are more isolated and lonely.

d. are likely to be more introverted than extroverted.

Girls and boys are still reared according to
a. the norms of the neighborhood where they were raised.
b. the explicit wishes of the grandparents.
c. books on parenting.
d. traditional stereotypes.
A research study from 1940 showed that those with more masculine jobs
a. report lower job satisfaction.
b. report a higher mortality rate.
c. report higher rates of depression.
d. report higher rates of job burnout.
A limiting factor in research of personality is that subjects
a. come from only cultural and ethnic samples.
b. are paid and easily conform to how the researcher wants them to respond.
c. are mostly college students.
d. are mostly children and adolescents in treatment.
Reliability involves
a. consistent results on multiple administrations of a test.
b. a reliable indicator of the validity of a test.
c. a reliable score for the person taking the test.
d. a valid profile of a person taking a test.
Which question best clarifies the meaning of validity?
a. Has the test been taken by many people?
b. Does the student know what is on the test?
c. Does the test measure what it is supposed to measure?
d. Is the test reliable?
Types of validity include __________ validity.
a. predictive
b. content
c. construct

d. all the answers

Reliability is
a. the consistency of the responses to a test.
b. when a test measures what the test is supposed to measure.
c. used to validate and predict behavior.
d. the scores from different tests.
The most widely used self-report personality test used today is
a. the Rorschach Inkblot Technique.
c. the Myers-Briggs Indicator.
b. the MMPI.
d. the Thematic Apperception Test.
The MMPI, in its different forms, is used with
a. adults only.
b. adults and adolescents only.
c. only children.
d. adults, adolescents and children.
The MMPI is NOT appropriate for
a. those with lower intelligence.
b. those with lower reading skills.
c. children.
d. all the answers.
Self-report measures of personality are advantageous because
a. they are designed to be taken by children, adolescents, and adults.
b. they are designed for people of all ranges of intelligence.
c. they are designed to be scored accurately.
d. they are designed for people with all ranges of reading ability.
When taking a self-report inventory, people may be more honest with their answers
if
a. an online test is given.
b. a paper-and-pencil test is given.

c. a person wants to look good on their answers.

d. a person takes a test in the classroom.