Fizik

4531/2
Peperiksaan Akhir Tahun / T4
November 2016
2 Jam 30 minit

SULIT

Section A [60 marks]

Bahagian A [60 markah]
Answer All questions in this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1. A student used a pair of vernier calipers to measure the thickness of a block. Diagram 1(a) shows the
reading on the vernier calipers when the jaws are fully closed while Diagram 1(b) shows the reading
when the block is placed between the jaws.
Seorang pelajar menggunakan sepasang angkup vernier untuk mengukur ketebalan seketul kayu. Rajah
1(a) menunjukkan bacaan angkup vernier semasa angkup vernier bertutup. Rajah 1(b)menunjukkan
bacaan angkup vernier semasa kayu itu diukur.

Diagram 1(a)
Rajah 1(a)
(a)

Diagram 1(b)
Rajah 1(b)

State the function of P.

Nyatakan kegunaan P.

_______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b)

State the zero error on the vernier calipers.

[1 mark]
Nyatakan ralat sifar bagi angkup vernier.
[1 markah]
_______________________________________________________________________
(c)

Calculate the thickness of the block in cm.

Kirakan ketebalan kayu.

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

Fizik
4531/2
Peperiksaan Akhir Tahun / T4
November 2016
2 Jam 30 minit

SULIT

3
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

2.

Diagram 2(a)
Rajah 2(a)

Diagram 2(b)
Rajah 2(a)

Diagram 2(a) shows the rocket used to send the capsule, Soyul into the outer space and Diagram
2(b) shows the capsule, Soyul is returning to the Earth.
Rajah 2(a) menunjukkan sebuah rocket digunakan untuk menghantar kapsul Soyul ke angkasa lepas.
Rajah 2(b)menunjukkan kapsul Soyul bergerak menuju ke arah bumi.
(a) What causes the apparent weight of Dr. Syeikh increases tremendously when the rocket
takes off?
[1 mark]
Apa yang mengakibatkan berat ketara Dr. Syeikh meningkat dengan ketara semasa roket
bergerak ke atas? [1 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
(b) Show the formula that can be used to calculate the apparent weight of Dr. Syeikh if the
2
acceleration of the rocket is
and the mass of Dr. Syeikh is m kg. [1mark]
Tunjukkan formula yang boleh digunakan untuk mengira berat ketara Dr. Syeikh jika
pecutan roket ialah 2 dan jisim Dr. Syeikh ialah m kg. [1 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
(c) The rocket is constructed in multi-stages. Each stage consist a combustion chamber and fuel. State
the purpose to have multi-stages. State the principle used to achieve higher
acceleration.
[2 marks]
Roket itu dibina dalam beberapa peringkat. Setiap peringkat mengandungi bahan api dan
ruang perbakaran. Nyatakan tujuan roket dibina dalam beberapa peringkat. Nyatakan
prinsip yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan pecutan roket. [2 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
(d) From the aspect of direction, identify and state the difference between the apparent
weight acted on Dr. Syeikh when the capsule returns to the Earth
[1 mark]
Dari segi arah, nyatakan perbezaan berat ketara
yang dialami oleh Dr. Syeikh semasa
kapsul kembali ke bumi.
[1 markah]
______________________________________________________________________

4
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

3. Diagram 3 shows a model of Bourdon Gauge which is constructed by a student to measure the gas
pressure.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebuah model Tolok Bourdon dibina oleh seorang pelajar untuk
mengukur tekanan gas.

Diagram 3
Rajah 3
(a)

What is the initial reading X in terms of atmospheric pressure?

[1 mark]
Apakah nilai bacaan X dalam sebutan tekanan udara?
[1 markah]
______________________________________________________________________

(b) State the direction of the motion of the silicone tube and the movable pointer when the
air is blown into the silicone tube.
[2 marks]
Nyatakan arah pergerakan yang ditunjukkan oleh tiub silikon dan penunjuk yang bebas
bergerak apabila udara ditiup ke dalam tiub silikon? [2 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
(c) The sensitivity of the model is low. Suggest 2 methods that can be used to improve the
sensitivity of the model.
[2 marks]
Kepekaan model ini adalah rendah. Cadangkan 2 kaedah yang boleh digunakan untuk
meningkatkan kepekaannya. [2 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
(d) If the model is used to measure the pressure of the cooking gas in a cylinder and the
reading obtained is 1.6 atmospheric pressure, find the pressure of the cooking gas in the cylinder.
[1 mark]
Jika model ini digunakan untuk mengukur tekanan gas memasak dalam silinder dan bacaan
yang diperolehi ialah 1.6 tekanan udara, carikan tekanan gas memasak dalam silinder. [1
markah]
______________________________________________________________________

5
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

4.

Diagram 4
Rajah 4
Diagram 4 shows the traffic light which is controlled by an electronic circuit that designed by an
engineer to control a traffic light so that pedestrians can cross a busy road easily. The green light is
always on unless one of the switches S1 or S2 is pressed or both the switches are pressed by the
pedestrian. The red light only on when the green light is off.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan lampu isyarat yang dikawal oleh sebuah litar elektronik yang direka oleh seorang
jurutera untuk memudahkan pejalan kaki untuk merentasi suatu jalan yang sibuk. Lampu isyarat hijau
selalu menyala, kecuali salah satu suis ditekan atau kedua-dua suis S1 dan S2 ditekan bersama. Lampu
isyarat merah hanya menyala jika lampu isyarat hijau terpadam.
(a) Complete the table below to show the output of green light and red light. [2 marks]
Lengkapkan jadual di bawah untuk menunjukkan output lampu isyarat hijau dan lampu
isyarat merah.
[2 markah]
Switch S1
Suis S1
0
1
0
1
(b)

Green Light
Lampu isyarat hijau

Name the logic gate(s) needed in the circuit to control

Namakan get logic yang diperlukan dalam litar untuk mengawal
(i)
(ii)

(c)

Switch S2
Suis S2
0
0
1
1

Red Light
Lampu isyarat merah

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

the green light: ___________________________________________________

lampu isyarat hijau:_________________________________________________
the red light:______________________________________________________
lampu isyarat merah:_______________________________________________

Design and draw the electronic circuit to control the traffic light.
Reka dan lukiskan litar elektronik yang mengawal lampu isyarat.

6
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

[3 marks]
[3 markah]

5. Diagram 5(a) shows the sparks generated from the fireworks which are falling on Alis hand.
Diagram 5(b) shows that Ali is using his hand to stir the dodol in a wok with a stirrer.
Rajah 5(a) menunjukkan percikan api dihasilkan oleh bunga api yang terjatuh di atas tangan Ali. Rajah
5(b) menunjukkan Ali menggunakan pengacau untuk mengacau dodol di dalam sebuah periuk.

Diagram 5(a)
Rajah 5(a)

Diagram 5(b)
Rajah 5(b)

(a) How does the temperature of sparks from the fireworks and the steam from the wok
change when they are in contacted with Alis hand?
[1 mark]
Bagaimanakah suhu percikan api dan stim berubah semasa bersentuh dengan tangan Ali? [1
markah]
______________________________________________________________________
(b) State another physical change which only shown by steam when it is in contacted with
Alis hand.
[1 mark]
Namakan satu perubahan fizikal lagi yang hanya ditunjukkan oleh stim semasa ia bersentuh
dengan tangan Ali. [1 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
(c) What form of energy is lost as heat energy:
Apakah bentuk tenaga yang hilang sebagai tenaga haba:
(i)
from the spark?
[1 mark]
oleh percikan api?
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________
(ii)

from the steam?

[1 mark]
oleh stim?
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

(d) Give a general equation to show the total heat transferred to Alis hand from
Berikan rumus untuk menunjukkan jumlah tenaga haba yang pindah ke tangan Ali
(i)
the spark
[1 mark]
dari percikan api
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________
(ii)

the steam
[1 mark]
daripada stim
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

7
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(e) Ali does not suffer any pain from the sparks but is seriously burnt by the steam. Give 3
reasons to explain the phenomenon.
[3 marks]
Ali tidak rasa sakit apabila terkena dengan percikan api tetapi melecur dengan serius oleh
stim. Berikan 3 alasan untuk menerangkan kenyataan di atas. [3 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

6. Diagram 6 shows a graph of the activity of nucleus X which varies with time. The activity of nucleus X
is recorded with a Geiger Muller tube which is placed 10 cm in front of the radioactive source X.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan sebuah graf aktiviti nukleus X yang berubah dengan masa. Aktiviti nukleus X
adalah diukur oleh sebuah Tiub Geiger Muller yang terletak 10 cm di depan sumber bahan radioaktif
X.

t/min
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
(a)

What is background reading?

[1 mark]
Apa itu bacaan latar belakang?
[1 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

(b) State the 2 sources that produce the background reading in the Geiger Muller tube.
[2 marks]
Namakan 2 sumber yang menghasilkan bacaan latar belakang oleh Tiub Geiger Muller. [2
markah]
______________________________________________________________________
(c) Find the half life of nucleus X from the graph given,
Tentukan separuh hayat nukleus X daripada graf yang diberi,
(i)
when activity X dropped from 20y to 5y
[1 mark]
apabila aktiviti X menurun dari 20y ke 5y
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

8
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(ii)

(d)

when activity X dropped from 5y to 2.5y

[1 mark]
apabila aktiviti X menurun dari 5y ke 2.5y
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

State the weakness of the half life determined from question (c).
[1 mark]
Nyatakan kelemahan separuh hayat yang ditentukan dari soalan (c).
[1 markah]
______________________________________________________________________

(e) State the error made and suggest a method to overcome the weakness. [2 marks]
Nyatakan kesilapan yang dilakukan dan cadangkan satu kaedah untuk mengatasi kelemahan
itu. [2 markah]
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

7. Diagram 7 shows the shape of the waves generated by a leaking water pipe that lies at the base of
the pond. Some stones are scattered around the leaking point of the water pipe.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan bentuk gelombang yang dihasilkan oleh sebatang paip yang terbocor. Paip itu
berada di dasar sebuah kolam. Di sekeliling tempat air terbocor itu terdapat beberapa buah batu.

Diagram 7
Rajah 7
(a) Based on the shape of the waves generated,
Berdasarkan bentuk gelombang yang terhasil,
(i) name the physical quantity that remains constant when the wave is propagating
outwards. [1 mark] apakah kuantiti fizikal yang tidak berubah semasa gelombang
merambat.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________
(ii)

state the relationship between velocity and wavelength of the wave.[1 mark]
Nyatakan hubungan di antara halaju dan panjang gelombang.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

9
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(b)

Based on the wavelength generated around the leaking point,

Berdasarkan jarak gelombang air yang dihasilkan oleh paip terbocor,
(i)
label the 2 areas which are having the same depth with symbol A.[1 mark] labelkan 2
kawasan yang mempunyai kedalaman yang sama dengan simbol A.
[1 markah]
(ii)

(c)

Sketch the wave formed after propagating

Lakarkan bentuk gelombang selepas ia merambat
(i)
through slits X and Y.
melalui celahan X dan Y

(ii)

(d)

label the deepest area with symbol B.

labelkan kawasan paling dalam dengan simbol B

around stones W and Z.

mengelilingi batu W dan Z

[1 mark]
[1 markah]

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

Based on the answer from question (c), identify 2 factors that affect the diffraction.
[2 marks]
Berdasarkan jawapan dari soalan (c), tentukan 2 faktor yang mempengaruhi kesan belauan.
[2 markah]
______________________________________________________________________

10
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

8. Diagram 8 shows a circuit consists of 3 identical light bulbs, and 2 switches.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan litar yang mengandungi 3 buah mentol yang serupa dan 2 buah suis.

Diagram 8
Rajah 8

(a) When switch S1 is off and switch S2 is on.

Apabila suis S1 terbuka dan suis S2 tertutup.
(i)
Name the light bulb that light up in the circuit.
[1 mark]
Namakan mentol yang menyala di dalam litar.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________
(ii)

Find the product of current and voltage across the bulb L1 in terms of I and V
[1 mark]
Carikan hasil darab arus dan beza upaya bagi mentol L1 dalam sebutan I dan V. [1
markah]
________________________________________________________________

(b) When both the switches are on.

Apabila kedua-dua suis tertutup.
(i)
Name the bulb(s) that light up in the circuit.
[1 mark]
Namakan mentol yang menyala di dalam litar.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________
(ii)

Find the total current flows through the circuit in terms of I.

[1 mark]
Carikan jumlah arus yang mengalir melalui litar dalam sebutan I. [1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

(iii)

Find the current and the voltage across bulb L1 in terms of I and V. [1 mark]
Carikan arus dan beza upaya merentasi mentol L1 dalam sebutan I dan V.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

(iv)

Find the product of current and voltage across the bulb L1 in terms of I and V
[1 mark]
Carikan hasil darab arus dan beza upaya merentasi mentol L1 dalam sebutan I dan V.
[1 markah]
_______________________________________________________________

11
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(v)

(c)

How many times the brightness of bulb L1 has dropped compare to case (a)?
[1 mark]
Berapa kali gandakah kecerahan mentol L1 menurun berbanding dengan kes (a)? [1
markah]
________________________________________________________________

When both swithes are off.

Apabila kedua-dua suis terbuka.
(i)
Find the total current flow in the circuit in terms of I
[1 mark]
Carikan jumlah arus yang mengalir dalam litar dalam sebutan I. [1 markah]
________________________________________________________________
(ii)

Find the current that flows through bulb L1 in terms of I

[1 mark]
Carikan arus yang mengalir melalui mental L1 dalam sebutan I.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

(iii)

Find the product of current and voltage across the bulb L1 in terms of I and V
[1 mark]
Carikan hasil darab arus dan beza upaya merentasi mentol L1 dalam sebutan I dan V.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________________________

(iv)

How many times the brightness of L1 has dropped compare to case (a)?
[1 mark]
Berapa kali gandakah kecerahan mentol L1 menurun berbanding dengan kes (a)? [1
markah]
________________________________________________________________

(d)

Between cases (b) and (c), which is a better way to connect electrical appliances at
home?
[1 mark]
Antara kes (b) dan (c), yang manakah lebih sesuai digunakan untuk memasang alat-alat elektrik
di rumah? [1 markah]
_____________________________________________________________________

12
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

Section B [20marks]
Bahagian B [20 markah]
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
9. (a)

What is acceleration?
Apa itu pecutan?

[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) To accelerate 2 objects with the same acceleration, the heavier object needs a bigger
force. Explain the statement.
[4 marks]
Untuk memecut 2 objek dengan pecutan yang sama, objek berjisim lebih besar
memerlukan daya yang lebih tinggi. Terangkan penyataan di atas.
[4 markah]
(c)

Diagram 9(a)
Rajah 9(a)

Diagram 9(b)
Rajah 9(b)

Based on Diagram 9(a) and 9(b), compare the total mass, the mass difference and the
magnitude of the acceleration of the 2 systems.
Relate and explain the mass difference, total mass and the acceleration of the motion of
the 2 systems.
Name the physics law that explains the above situation.
[5 marks]
Berdasarkan rajah 9(a) dan rajah 9(b), bandingkan jumlah jisim dan pecutan
pergerakan bagi kedua-dua sistem yang diberi.
Kaitkan dan terangkan perbezaan jisim dan pecutan pergerakan bagi kedua-dua sistem.
Namakan hukum fizik yang dapat menerangkan situasi di atas. [5 markah]
(d) An engineer is converting a passenger airplane into a cargo airplane. The cargo airplane has to carry
more weight and needs to fly at higher altitude to cut down fuel consumption. State the
modifications that need to be done based on the following aspects:
(i) Load capacity
(ii) Efficiency
(iii)
Safety
[10 marks]

13
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

Seorang jurutera menukar sebuah kapal terbang penumpang kepada kapal terbang kargo.
Kapal terbang kargo perlu membawa muatan yang lebih tinggi dan perlu terbang pada altitud
yang lebih tinggi supaya dapat mengurangkan penggunaan petrol. Cadangkan pengubahsuaian
yang boleh dilakukan berdasarkan aspek-aspek yang berikut:
(i)
Muatan
(ii)
Kecekapan
(iii)
Keselamatan
[10 markah]
10. (a)

What is electromagnetic induction?

Apa itu aruhan electromagnet?

[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) The acceleration of a magnet that drops vertically into a solenoid is much smaller than
the gravitational acceleration. Explain the statement.
[4 marks]
Pecutan sebatang magnet yang jatuh secara tegak melalui sebuah solenoid adalah lebih rendah
berbanding dengan pecutan gravity. Jelaskan penyataan tersebut.[4 markah]
(c)

Diagram 10
Rajah 10
The galvanometers in Diagram 10 shows the reading obtained at the moment the switch of the
circuit X is switched off.
Compare the number of coil connected to the 2 galvanometers.
Compare the readings of the 2 galvanometers.
Relate and explain the number of coils used and the reading of the galvanometers. Name
the physics law related to the result of the activity. [5 marks]
Galvanometer pada Rajah 10 menunjukkan bacaan semasa suis litar ditutup. Bandingkan
bilangan lilitan gelung yang menyambung pada kedua-dua galvanometer. Bandingkan bacaan
kedua-dua galvanometer.
Kaitkan dan terangkan bilangan lilitan gelung dengan bacaan galvanometer. Namakan
hukum fizik yang terlibat. [5 markah]

14
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(d)

An old D.C dynamo used in a factory is functioning poorly. The owner decides to
upgrade the efficiency of the dynamo and at the same time convert it into an A.C
dynamo. State the modifications that need to be done by the owner based on the
following aspects:
(i)
Magnet used
(ii)
Type of material and the physical properties of the magnetic coil.
(iii)
Commutator used
[10 marks]
Sebuah dinamo arus terus yang digunakan dalam sebuah kilang berfungsi dengan kurang
cekap. Tuan kilang cuba meningkatkan kecekapannya dan pada masa yang sama,
menukarkannya kepada dinamo arus ulang-alik. Nyatakan pengubahsuaian yang boleh
dilakukan berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut:
(i)
Magnet yang digunakan
(ii)
Jenis bahan dan cirri-ciri fizikal
(iii)
Komutator
[10 markah]

15
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

Section C [20marks]
Bahagian C [20 markah]
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
11. (a)

What is meant by waves?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan gelombang?

[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) During high tide, a boat which parks behind a retaining wall rocking up and down more
vigorously. Explain the statement.
[4 marks]
Semasa air pasang, sebuah sampan yang diletakkan di belakang sebuah tembok beranjak
dengan kuat. Terangkan penyataan di atas. [4 markah]
(c) A medical technician is using echo imaging to take a photograph of a patient who is suffering from
liver problem. The quality of the photograph is depending on the properties of the waves used.
The table below shows 5 types of waves that can be used.
Seorang pembantu perubatan menggunakan pengimejan gema untuk mengambil gambar
seorang pesakit yang menghidapi sakit hati. Kualiti gambar adalah bergantung kepada cirriciri gelombang yang digunakan. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan 5 jenis gelombang yang boleh
digunakan.
Choice
Pilihan
A
B
C
D
E

Types of
waves
Jenis
gelombang
X-ray
Sinar X
Intrasonic
Intrasonik
Ultrasonic
Ultrasonik
X-ray
Sinar X
Ultrasonic
Ultrasonik

Wavelength
Panjang
gelombang

Amplitude
Amplitud

Principle used
Prinsip yang
digunakan

Short
Pendek
Long
Panjang
Short
Pendek
Short
Pendek
Long
Panjang

High
Tinggi
Low
Rendah
High
Tinggi
Low
Rendah
High
Tinggi

Interference
Interferens
Reflection
Pantulan
Reflection
Pantulan
Refraction
Pembiasan
Diffraction
Pembelauan

Explain the properties of the waves needed to produce a photograph with high quality.
Determine the most suitable waves to be used and give reasons for your choice.
[10 marks]
Terangkan cirri-ciri gelombang yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan sekeping gambar yang
berkualiti. Tentukan gelombang yang paling sesuai dan berikan alas an bagi pilihan anda. [10
markah]

16
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(d)

Diagram 11
Rajah 11
Diagram 11 shows the result obtained when microwave is used to detect the location of the 2
airplanes that are approaching the airport. The first airplane is 5 km away from the airport. The
second airplane is a bit behind the first airplane.
(Velocity of microwave = 3.0 108 1)
Rajah 11 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi apabila gelombang mikro digunakan untuk
mengesan kedudukan 2 buah kapal terbang yang menuju ke arah lapangan kapal terbang. Kapal
terbang pertama berada 5km dari lapangan kapal terbang. Kapal terbang kedua berada sedikit
belakang kapal terbang pertama.
(Halaju gelombang mikro = 3.0 108 1)

12. (a)

(i)

Find the time represented by 1 cm in the C.R.O.

Tentukan masa yang diwakili oleh 1 cm dalam O.S.K.

(ii)

Calculate the time taken for the transmitted pulse to reach the second airplane.
[2 marks]
Kirakan masa yang diambil untuk isyarat dipancar sampai ke kapal terbang
kedua.
[2 markah]

(iii)

Find the distance between the 2 airplanes.

Tentukan jarak di antara 2 kapal terbang.

What is meant by focal length?

Apa yang dimaksudkan dengan jarak fokus?

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

[1 mark]
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) A convex lens used as a magnifying glass is always thick but with small diameter.
Explain the statement.
[4 marks]
Kanta cekung yang digunakan sebagai kanta pembesar sentiasa tebal dan berdiameter kecil.
Terangkan penyataan di atas. [4 markah]
(c) A photographer is taking part in the bird watching competition held in Sabah. The light condition
of the jungle is dim and the birds are flying fast. The table below shows the type of lens and
the conditions of the camera that can be used.
Seorang jurugambar mengambil bahagian dalam pertandingan bird watching yang
diadakan di Sabah. Keadaan hutan adalah malap dan burung terbang dengan laju. Jadual
berikut menunjukkan jenis kanta dan keadaan kamera yang boleh digunakan.

17
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

Camera

Type of lens

Focal length

Diaphragm

Shutter Speed

/
1

Convex

Long

Opening
Large

Cembung
Concave

Panjang
Long

Besar
Large

1000
1

Cekung
Plano-convex

Panjang
Short

Besar
Small

500
1

Plano-cembung
Convex

Pendek
Short

Kecil
Small

1000
1

Cembung
Concave

Pendek
Short

Kecil
Large

20
1

Cekung

Pendek

Besar

100

Explain the suitability of each conditions of the camera used by the photographer. Determine the
most suitable condition of camera used and give reasons for your choice. [10 marks]
Jelaskan kesesuaian setiap keadaan kamera yang digunakan oleh jurugambar itu. Tentukan
keadaan kamera yang paling sesuai dan jelaskan pilihan anda. [10 markah]
(d)

Diagram 12
Rajah 12
Diagram 12 shows the distance of the focusing lens from the LCD screen when it is used to
focus object A.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan jarak di antara kanta fokus dengan skrin LCD apabila ia diguna untuk
mengfokus objek A.
(i)

Find the focal length of the focusing lens.

Tentukan jarak fokus bagi kanta fokus.

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(iii)

Find the distance of the focusing lens needs to be moved to focus object B again.
[3 marks]
Tentukan jarak yang perlu digerak oleh kanta fokus supaya objek B dapat difokus. [3
markah]

18
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

ANSWER
1.

(a)
(b)
(c)

Measure internal diameter

-0.04 cm
4.14 cm
4.14 (-0.04) = 4.18 cm

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

2.

(a)
(b)

(1)
(1)

(c)

The high acceleration of the rocket

Apparent weight = m (g + a)
1

(d)

Reduce mass by dropping the stage when fuel is used up.

The apparent weight acts in opposite direction compare to before.

(1)
(1)

1 atmosphere
Silicone tube move to the left
Pointer move to the right.
Using longer pointer
Using softer silicone tube or with low elastic constant.
0.6 atmosphere

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

3.

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

4.

(1)

(a)

(1)
Green Light
1
0
0
0
If 1 wrong, 1 mark is given

(b) (i)
(ii)
(c)

Red Light
0
1
1
1

NAND gate
OR gate

(1)
(1)
(3)
5V

S1

S2

Green Light
Red Light
If 1 wrong, 1 mark is given

5.

(a)
(b)
(c) (i)
(ii)
(d) (i)

Both the temperature drops

Change from steam into liquid
Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy and potential energy
=

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(ii)
(e)

6.

(a)
(b)
(c) (i)
(ii)
(d)
(e)

7.

(a) (i)
(ii)

= +
Steam releases latent heat.
Steam has higher specific capacity
Steam has higher mass

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

Reading obtained without radioactive source

Cosmic ray
Gamma ray
40 min
45 min
The value of the two half life is different
The activity recorded is affected by the background reading
Activity recorded has to minus the background reading before plotting the
graph

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

Frequency
Velocity directly proportional to wavelength OR when velocity increase,
wavelength increase.

(1)
(1)

(b) (i)
(ii)
(c) (i)
(ii)

8.

(6)

(d)

Size of the slit

Wavelength

(1)
(1)

(a) (i)
(ii)
(b) (i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

L1
IV
L1, L2
2I
I, V
IV
None

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(c) (i)

(1)
2

(ii)

(1)
2
2

(iii)

9.

(1)

4
(iv) 4 times
(d)
Case (b) or parallel

(1)
(1)

(a)
(b)

(1)
(1)

Rate of change of velocity

Higher mass, higher inertia

To accelerate an object, need to overcome the inertia first.

Therefore, more force is needed for heavier object.

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(2)
(1)

(c)

Both system has the same total mass

System (b) accelerate faster than system (a)
Bigger mass different, net force is bigger
m = constant, F directly proportional to a
Newtons second law

(d)
Modification
Increase the size of the body
Increase the length of the wing
Increase the thickness of the body
Use a more powerful engine
Increase the number of tyres
Protective bar between the cabin
and the pilot
10

(a)
(b)

(c)

Reason
To increase the space
To increase the up thrust
To stand higher pressure difference
To overcome bigger inertia and do
more work per unit time
To support higher mass / pressure
while landing
To prevent moving object to knock at
the pilot while landing

Induced e.m.f produced by magnetic flux change

Magnetic flux change in the solenoid
Induced current generates in the solenoid
Direction of induced current always flows in the direction to generate magnetic
pole to oppose the pole of the falling magnet.
Therefore, acceleration is lower
The number of coil for galvanometer (a) > (b)
The galvanometer with higher number of coil shows bigger reading
Higher number of coil, higher magnetic flux change and generate higher e.m.f
Faradays law

(d)
Modification
Stronger magnet is used
Use material with low resistivity
Use coil with bigger diameter
Increase the number of coil
Replace the split ring commutator
with a slip ring commutator
Increase diameter of the coil

11.

(a)
(b)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(10)

Reason
Produce higher magnetic flux
Reduce resistance of the coil
Reduce resistance to reduce power
loss
Increase e.m.f generated
To convert D.C to A.C
Increase speed and increase the rate
of magnetic flux charge

Wave is a periodic motion to transfer energy from the centre of vibration

When depth increase, velocity will increase, wavelength increase and higher
diffraction happen.

(c)

(1)
(4)
(8)

Properties
Ultrasonic
Longer wavelength is used

Reason
Suitable to detect soft organ
Cut down diffraction and increase

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

reflection
More energy can be reflected
Use different intensity of reflection
to map out the shape of the organ

Higher amplitude
Reflection

C is chosen because ultrasonic with higher wavelength and amplitude can give
reflection
1
4
(d) (i)

Time taken = 3
10
1
1 cm = 1 10-4 s
5
(ii) 2.33 10-5 s
(iii) 2 km

12. (a)

(2)
s

(2)
(1)

Focal length is the distance measured from the centre of the lens to the focal
point
Thick , short focal length and therefore higher magnification
Image formed is virtual, brightness not affected by diameter

(b)

(2)

(c)
Properties
Convex lens is used
Longer focal length is preferred
Larger opening of diaphragm is
preferred
Higher shutter speed is preferred

(1)
(2)
(2)
(8)

Reasons
Produce real image
Higher magnification for distant
object
Allow more light to enter or produce
brighter image
Avoid multiple image formed to
increase sharpness of the photo
(2)

A is chosen because convex lens with longer focal length is used with bigger
opening of the diaphragm and higher shutter speed.
1
1
1
(d) (i)

(1)
+

5 0.435

(1)
f = 40 cm
1 1
1
(ii)

(1)
8 + = 0.4
(1)
V = 42.1 cm
(1)
Distance moved = 1.4 cm

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
NAMA : _____________________________
KELAS : _____________________________

JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI SABAH

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010

EXCEL 2
PHYSICS
Kertas 3
Ogos 2010

4531/3

1 Jam 30 minit

Satu jam tiga puluh minit

DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION PAPER UNTIL INSTRUCTED

(JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU)

1. Tulis nama dan kelas anda pada ruangan

yang disediakan. .
2. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan
atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam
bahasa Inggeris atau dalam bahasa Melayu.

Untuk Kegunaan Pejabat

Kod Pemeriksa:
Soalan

Markah

Penuh
16

2
3

12
12

12
Jumlah

Markah

Bahagian
Diperolehi

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 11 halaman bercetak.

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
NAMA : _____________________________
KELAS : _____________________________

JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI SABAH

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010 4531/3

EXCEL 2
PHYSICS
Kertas 3
Ogos 2010
1 Jam 30 minit

Satu jam tiga puluh minit

DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION PAPER UNTIL INSTRUCTED

(JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU)

1. Tulis nama dan kelas anda pada ruangan

yang disediakan. .
2. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan
atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam
bahasa Inggeris atau dalam bahasa Melayu.

Untuk Kegunaan Pejabat

Kod Pemeriksa:
Soalan

Markah

Penuh
16

2
3

12
12

12
Jumlah

Markah

Bahagian
Diperolehi

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 11 halaman bercetak.

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT

Section A / Bahagian A
[28 marks / 28 markah]
Answer all questions in this section. / Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1

A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the distance of an object
and the linear magnification of the object. The size of the object is fixed throughout the experiment.
The arrangement of apparatus is shown in Diagram 3.1.
Seorang murid menjalankan sebuah eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan di antara jarak objek dan
pembesaran linear objek tersebut. Saiz objek dimalarkan sepanjang eksperimen. Susunan alat radas
ditunjukkan seperti dalam Rajah 3.1

Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1

The actual height of the object is as shown in Diagram 3.2. The object and the convex lens are
adjusted at object distance, u, is equal to 40 cm. Then the torch light is switched on.
The actual corresponding image of the object is displayed on the screen. The height of image, hi, as
shown in Diagram 3.3, is measured.
The above steps of experiment are repeated for object distance, u = 35 cm, 30 cm,
2
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
25 cm and 20 cm. The corresponding images of the height of the images, hi are shown in diagrams
3.4, 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7 respectively.
Kemudiannya dilaraskan pada suatu jarak, u, sama dengan 40 cm. Lampu picit itu
dinyalakan. Imej yang sepadan yang sebenar bagi objek dipaparkan di atas layer. Tinggi
imej itu, hi, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3.3, diukur.
Langkah-langkah eksperimen di atas diulang untuk jarak objek, u = 35 cm, 30 cm, 25 cm
dan 20 cm. Imej-imej yang sepadan bagi tinggi imej, hi, ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3.4, 3.5,
3.6 dan 3.7 masing-masing.

Object

u = 40 cm

Diagram 3.2

Diagram 3.3

u = 35 cm
Diagram 3.4

u = 30 cm
Diagram 3.5

U = 25 cm
Diagram 3.6
U = 20 cm

(a)

Based on the experiment, determine:

Berdasarkan eksperimen tersebut, tentukan:
(i)

Manipulated variable / pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi

(ii)

Responding variable / pemboleh ubah bergerak balas

(iii)

Constant variable / pemboleh ubah dimalarkan

Diagram 3.7

3
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
[3 marks / 3 markah]
(b)

In Diagram 3.2, measure the height of object, ho.

Dalam Rajah 3.2, ukur tinggi objek h0.
ho = ______________

[1 mark / 1 markah]

Based on the diagram 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7, measure the height of images,
(c) hi. In each case, calculate the linear magnification:
Berdasarkan rajah-rajah 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 dan 3.7, ukur tinggi bagi imej-imej, hi. Dalam setiap
kes, hitungkan pembesaran linear:

1
Tabulate your results for u, hi and M and

[6 marks / 6 markah]

M
Jadualkan keputusan anda untuk u, hi, M dan M1

4
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT

(d)

1
On the graph paper, draw a graph of

against u.

[5 marks / 5 markah]

M
Di atas kertas graf, lukiskan sebuah graf M1 melawan u.
(e)

Based on your graph, state the relationship between M and u.[1 mark / 1 markah]
Berdasarkan graf anda, nyatakan hubungan di antara M dan u.

A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the potential difference
across, V, a dry cell and the current, I, flowing through it.
Seorang murid menjalankan sebuah eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan di antara beza upaya,V,
yang merentasi sebuah sel kering dan arus, I, yang melaluinya.
Graph of V against I / Graf V melawan I

Diagram 2 /
Rajah 2
5
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT

The results of the experiment are is shown in Diagram 2.

Keputusan bagi eksperimen tersebut ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.
(a)

Based on the graph in Diagram 2,

(i) State the relationship between V and I.

[1 mark / 1 markah]

Nyatakan hubungan di antara V dan I.

(ii) Determine the value of V when I = 0.00 A.

[2 marks / 2 marks]

Tentukan nilai bagi V apabila I = 0.00 A.

(iii) Name the physical quantity represented by the value of V in (a)(ii).

Namakan kuantiti fizikal yang diwakili oleh nilai V dalam (a)(ii).
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) The gradient of the graph represents the internal resistance of the dry cell. Based on the graph in
Diagram 2, determine the value of the internal resistance of the dry cell.
Kecerunan bagi graf tersebut mewakili rintangan dalaman bagi sel kering itu. Berdasarkan
graf di dalam Rajah 2, tentukan nilai bagi rintangan dalaman bagi sel kering berkenaan.
[3 marks / 3 markah]

6
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
(c) The electromotive force of the dry cell, E, of the dry cell is given by the formula E = I (R + r)
Where r is the internal resistance, R is the resistance and I is the current flow. Calculate the
value of R when I = 0.80 A.
[3 marks / 3 markah]

(d)

State one precaution that should be taken to improve the results of the experiment.
Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk memperbaiki kepurusan
eksperimen. [1 mark / 1 markah]

7
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
Section B / Bahagian B
[12 marks / 12 markah]
Answer any one question from this section. Jawab manamana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

3 Diagram 3.1 shows a student moving himself near a vibrating tuning fork. He notices that he can
hear alternating soft and loud sounds. When he uses another tuning fork, he notices that the
positions of loud sounds are further apart as shown in Diagram 3.2.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan seorang pelajar bergerak mendekati sebuah tala bunyi yang bergetar.
Pelajar itu dapat mendengar bunyi lemah dan kuat yang berselang-seli.Apabila pelajar itu
menggunakan tala bunyi yang berbeza, didapati kedudukan-kedudukan bunyi kuat adalah
lebih jauh antara satu sama lain seperti yanh ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3.2.

Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1

Diagram 3.2 / Rajah 3.2

8

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT

Using this information,

Dengan menggunakan maklumat ini,
(a)

make one suitable inference/ tuliskan satu inferens yang sesuai.

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) State one

appropriate hypothesis

that

could be

sesuai

yang

investigated.

[1 mark]
Nyatakan

satu

hipotesis yang

boleh dikaji.

[1 markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as a signal generator, two loudspeakers and other
apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in
3(b).
Dengan menggunakan alat radas seperti penjana isyarat, dua buah pembesar suara
dan alat radas yang lain, huraikan rangka kerja sebuah eksperimen untuk mengkaji
hipotesis yang dinyatakan dalam 3(b).

In your description, state clearly the following:

Dalam huraian anda, nyatakan dengan jelas

(i)aim of the experiment / tujuan eksperimen

(ii) variables in the experiment / pemboleh ubah dalam eksperimen
(iii) list of apparatus and materials / senarai alat radas dan bahan
(iv) arrangement of the apparatus / susunan alat radas
(v) the procedure of the experiment which include the method of controlling the
manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen yang merangkumi kaedah mengawal pemboleh ubah
dimanipulasi dan kaedah mengukur pemboleh ubah bergerak balas.
9
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
(vi) the way you would tabulate the data / cara anda menjadualkan data (vii)
the way you would analyse the data / cara anda menganalisis data
[10marks/10markah]

Diagram 4 shows two pails, R and S, with R containing more water than S. Both the pails are
exposed to sunlight. After a few hours it was observed that the water in pail S is hotter than
the water in pail R.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan dua buah baldi, R dan S, dengan R mengandungi lebih banyak air
daripada baldi S. Kedua-dua baldi didedahkan kepada cahaya matahari. Selepas beberapa
jam diperhatikan air dalam baldi S lebih panas daripada air dalam baldi R.

Diagram 4 / Rajah 4

(a)

State one suitable inference.

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai.

(b)

[1 mark / 1 markah]

State one suitable hypothesis.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai.

[1 mark / 1 markah]

10
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

SULIT
(c) With the use of apparatus such as beaker, thermometer, immersion heater and other
apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti bikar, termometer, pemanas rendam dan
radas lain, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan
di 4(b).

In your description, state clearly the following:

Dalam penerangan anda, nyatakan dengan jelas perkara berikut:

(i)The aim of the experiment / Tujuan eksperimen.

(ii) The variables in the experiment / Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
(iii) The list of apparatus and materials / Senarai radas dan bahan.
(iv) The arrangement of the apparatus / Susunan radas.
(v) The procedure of the experiment which should include one method of
controlling the manipulated variable and one method of measuring the
responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen yang mesti termasuk satu kaedah mengawal
pembolehubah dimanipulasikan
pembolehubah bergerak balas.

dan

satu

kaedah

mengukur

(vi) The way you tabulate the data / Cara anda menjadualkan data.
(vii) The way you analyse the data / Cara anda menganalisis data.
[10 marks / 10 markah]

11
http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

No.
1

Section A
(a) (i) u, object distance
(ii) h, height of image
(iii) size of object / focal length
(b)

h0 = 2.7 cm

(c)
5.4
h5 = 5.4 cm

= 2.00

M5 =
2.7
4.2

h4 = 4.2 cm

= 1.56

M4 =
2.7
3.6

h3 = 3.6 cm

= 1.33

M3 =
2.7
3.0

h2 = 3.0 cm

= 1.11

M2 =
2.7
2.5

h1 = 2.5 cm

M1 =

= 0.91
2.7
1

u / cm

hi / cm

M
M

(d)

20

5.4

2.00

0.50

25

4.2

1.56

0.64

30

3.6

1.33

0.75

35

3.0

1.11

0.90

40

2.5

0.91

1.10

Graph of 1/M against u

1/M

u / cm

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(e)
2

(a)

M is inversely proportional to u
(i)

V is linearly decreasing with I

(ii)

V = 1.5 V

(iii)

Electromagnetic force (e.m.f)

(b)
1.25 1.00
= - 0.5 V I-1

Gradient, r =
0.5 1.0
(c)

E = I (R + r)
When I = 0.08 A, 1.5 = 0.08 (R 0.05)
1.5
R=

(d)

0.80 + 0.5 = 2.38

The position of eyes must be perpendicular to the scale of ammeter / voltmeter to

avoid parallax error // switch off the circuit when not taking any reading

Section B
3

(a)

The positions of two consecutive loud sounds depend on the separation of the
two loudspeakers.

(b)

The further the separation between the two sources of sound, the closer the
distance between two consecutive loud sounds

(c)

(i)

To investigate the relationship between the separation between two

loudspeakers and the distance between the position of the loud
sounds

(ii)

Manipulated variable: separation of two sound sources

Responding variable: the distance between the positions of two
consecutive loud sounds
Fixed variable: the frequency of sound wave // sound wavelength //
distance between the wall and the loud speakers

(iii)

Signal generator, two loudspeakers, metre rule

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(iv)

Signal generator
Loud

wall
Soft
Separation
Between
Loud
speakers,

Loud
Soft
x

Loud speakers
a
Loud
Distance between loud speakers and wall, d
Diagram A

(v)

a. The apparatus is set up as shown in Diagram A.

b. the separation of the two loud speaker, a, is set to 1.00 m.
c. The positions of two successive loud sounds is determined and the
distance, x, between them is measured with a metre rule.
d. The experiment is repeated for values of a = 1.50 m, 2.00 m,
2.50 m, 3.00 m, and 3.50 m

(vi)

The results are tabulated as follows:

(vii)

The graph of the distance between two consecutive loud sounds, x, against
the separation of loud speakers, a
x/m

a/ m

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(a) The mass of water affects the rate of temperature change

(b)
(c)

The bigger the mass, the slower the temperature change

(i) To investigate the relationship between the mass of water and its rise
in temperature
(ii)

Manipulated variable: mass of water Responding

variable: increase in temperature Fixed variable:
heat supplied // heating period

(iii)

beaker, thermometer, immersion heater, water, triple beam balance,

stopwatch, stirer

(iv)

Stirer

Diagram B
(v)

a. The apparatus is set up as shown in Diagram B.

b.A beaker is filled with water of mass 1200 g. Its initial temperature is
recorded.
c. An immersion heater is immersed in the beaker and is switched on for 2
minutes.
d. The water temperature is measured by using a thermometer and
recorded.
e. The experiment is repeated with mass of water, m = 1000 g, 800g, 600 g,
and 400 g

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com

(vi)

The results are tabulated as follows:

Mass of water, m / g

Rise in temperature, / c

400
600
800
1000
1200

(vii)

Graph of mass, m, against temperature rise, , is plotted

mass, m/ g

/ c

http://chngtuition.blogspot.com