Carel VFD

NXL frequency converters

Functions and Parameters

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INDEX

1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 5

2. Control I/O ................................................................................................................................ 6

3. Parameter lists ......................................................................................................................... 7

3.1 Monitoring values (Control keypad: menu M1) ...................................................................... 7
3.2 Basic parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.1) .......................................................... 8
3.3 Input signals (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.2) ................................................................ 10
3.4 Output signals (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.3) ............................................................. 12
3.5 Drive control parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.4) ............................................. 13
3.6 Prohibit frequency parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.5) .................................... 13
3.7 Motor control parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.6) ............................................ 13
3.8 Protections (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.7) .................................................................. 14
3.9 Autorestart parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.8) ............................................... 15
3.10 PID reference parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.9) ........................................... 15
3.11 Pump & Fan control parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.10) ............................... 16
3.12 Keypad control (Control keypad: Menu K3) ......................................................................... 16
3.13 System menu (Control keypad: Menu S6) ........................................................................... 17
3.14 Expander boards (Control keypad: Menu E7) ...................................................................... 17
4. Description of parameters .................................................................................................... 18
4.1 BASIC PARAMETERS ........................................................................................................ 18
4.2 INPUT SIGNALS .................................................................................................................. 22
4.3 OUTPUT SIGNALS .............................................................................................................. 26
4.4 DRIVE CONTROL ............................................................................................................... 30
4.5 PROHIBIT FREQUENCIES ................................................................................................. 33
4.6 MOTOR CONTROL ............................................................................................................. 34
4.7 PROTECTIONS ................................................................................................................... 37
4.8 AUTO RESTART PARAMETERS ....................................................................................... 44
4.9 PID REFERENCE PARAMETERS ...................................................................................... 45
4.10 PUMP AND FAN CONTROL ............................................................................................... 51
4.11 KEYPAD CONTROL PARAMETERS .................................................................................. 60
5. Control signal logic ............................................................................................................... 61
 Inverter NXL functions and parameters

1. INTRODUCTION
CAREL VFD frequency converter uses direct frequency reference from the analogue input 1 as a
default. However, a PID controller can be used which offers versatile internal measuring and adjusting
functions.
The direct frequency reference can be used for the control without the PID controller and it can be
selected from the analogue inputs, fieldbus, keypad, preset speeds or motor potentiometer.
Special parameters for Pump and Fan Control (Group P2.10) can be browsed and edited after
changing the value of par 2.9.1 to 2 (Pump and fan control activated).
The PID controller reference can be selected from the analogue inputs, fieldbus, PID keypad reference
1 or by enabling the PID keypad reference 2 via digital input. The PID controller actual value can be
selected from the analogue inputs, fieldbus or the actual values of the motor. PID controller can also be
used when the frequency converter is controlled via fieldbus or the control keypad.

Digital inputs DIN2, DIN3, (DIN4) and optional dig. inputs DIE1, DIE2, DIE3 are freely
programmable.
Internal and optional digital/relay and analogue outputs are freely programmable.
Analogue input 1 can be programmed as current input, voltage input or digital input DIN4.

NOTE! If the analogue input 1 has been programmed as DIN4 with parameter 2.2.6 (AI1 Signal
Range), check that the jumper selections (Figure 1- 1) are correct.

Additional functions:
The PID controller can be used from control places I/O, keypad and fieldbus
Identification
Programming wizard
Sleep function
Actual value supervision function: fully programmable; off, warning, fault
Programmable Start/Stop and Reverse signal logic
Reference scaling
2 Preset speeds
Analogue input range selection, signal scaling, inversion and filtering
Frequency limit supervision
Programmable start and stop functions
DC-brake at start and stop
Prohibit frequency area
Programmable U/f curve and U/f optimisation
Adjustable switching frequency
Autorestart function after fault
Protections and supervisions (all fully programmable; off, warning, fault):

Current input fault Motor thermal, stall and underload protection

External fault Thermistor
Output phase Fieldbus communication
Under voltage Option board
Earth fault

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2. CONTROL I/O
Reference
potentiometer

Terminal Signal Description

1 +10Vref Reference output Voltage for potentiometer, etc.
2 AI1+ Analogue input, voltage range Voltage input frequency reference
010V DC. Can be programmed as DIN4
3 AI1- I/O Ground Ground for reference and controls
4 AI2+ Analogue input, voltage range Current input frequency reference
5 AI2- 010V DC, or current range
/GND 0/420mA
6 +24V Control voltage output Voltage for switches, etc. max 0.1 A
7 GND I/O ground Ground for reference and controls
8 DIN1 Start forward Contact closed = start forward
9 DIN2 Start reverse (programmable) Contact closed = start reverse

10 DIN3 Multi-step speed selection 1 Contact closed = multi-step speed

(programmable)
11 GND I/O ground Ground for reference and controls

18 AO1+ Output frequency Programmable

19 AO1- Analogue output Range 020 mA/RL, max. 500
mA A RS 485 Serial bus Rx/Tx- Differential receiver/transmitter
B RS 485 Serial bus Rx/Tx- Differential receiver/transmitter
30 +24V 24V aux. input voltage Control power supply backup

21 RO1 Relay output 1 Programmable

22 RO1 FAULT
23 RO1

Table 1- 1 Default I/O configuration.

Terminal Signal Description

1 +10Vref Reference output Voltage for potentiometer, etc.
2 AI1+ Analogue input, voltage range Voltage input frequency reference (MF2-3)
or 010V DC Voltage/current input frequency reference
DIN 4 (MF4-MF6)
Can be programmed as DIN4
3 AI1- I/O Ground Ground for reference and controls
4 AI2+ Analogue input, current range Current input frequency reference
5 AI2- 020mA
/GND
6 + 24 V Control voltage output
7 GND I/O ground Ground for reference and controls
Table 1- 2. AI1 configuration, when programmed as DIN4

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3. PARAMETER LISTS
On the next pages you will find the lists of parameters within the respective parameter groups.

Column explanations:
Code = Location indication on the keypad; Shows the operator the present param. number
Parameter = Name of parameter
Min = Minimum value of parameter
Max = Maximum value of parameter
Unit = Unit of parameter value; Given if available
Default = Value preset by factory
Cust = Customers own setting
ID = ID number of the parameter (used with PC tools)
= On the parameter code: parameter value can only be changed after the FC has been
stopped.

3.1 Monitoring values (Control keypad: menu M1)

The monitoring values are the actual values of parameters and signals as well as statuses and
measurements. Monitoring values cannot be edited.
See Carel VFD-NXL Users Manual, Chapter 7.4.1 for more information.

Code Parameter Unit ID Description

V1.1 Output frequency Hz 1 Frequency to the motor
V1.2 Frequency reference Hz 25
V1.3 Motor speed rpm 2 Calculated motor speed
V1.4 Motor current A 3 Measured motor current
V1.5 Motor torque % 4 Calculated actual torque/nom. torque of the motor
V1.6 Motor power % 5 Calculated actual power/nom. power of the motor
V1.7 Motor voltage V 6 Calculated motor voltage
V1.8 DC-link voltage V 7 Measured DC-link voltage
V1.9 Unit temperature C 8 Heat sink temperature
V1.10 Analogue input 1 13 AI1
V1.11 Analogue input 2 14 AI2
V1.12 Analogue output current mA 26 AO1
V1.13 Analogue output current 1, expander board mA 31
V1.14 Analogue output current 2, expander board mA 32
V1.15 DIN1, DIN2, DIN3 15 Digital input statuses
V1.16 DIE1, DIE2, DIE3 33 I/O expander board: Digital input statuses
V1.17 RO1 34 Relay output 1 status
V1.18 ROE1, ROE2, ROE3 35 I/O exp. board: Relay output statuses
V1.19 DOE 1 36 I/O exp. board: Digital output 1 status
V1.20 PID Reference % 20 In percent of the maximum process reference
V1.21 PID Actual value % 21 In percent of the maximum actual value
V1.22 PID Error value % 22 In percent of the maximum error value
V1.23 PID Output % 23 In percent of the maximum output value
V1.24 Autochange outputs 1, 2, 3 30 Used only in pump and fan control
Shows current operation mode selected with
startup wizard:
0=Not selected,
V1.25 Mode 66 1=Standard,
2=Fan,
3=Pump,
4=High Performance
Table 1- 3. Monitoring values

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3.2 Basic parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.1)
Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
P2.1.1 Min frequency 0,00 Par. 2.1.2 Hz 0,00 101
NOTE: If fmax > than the
motor synchronous speed,
P2.1.2 Max frequency Par. 2.1.1 320,00 Hz 50,00 102
check suitability for motor
and drive system
P2.1.3 Acceleration time 1 0,1 3000,0 s 1,0 103
P2.1.4 Deceleration time 1 0,1 3000,0 s 1,0 104
NOTE: Formulas apply
P2.1.5 Current limit 0,1 x IL 1,5 x IL A IL 107 approximately for frequency
converters up to MF3.
Nominal voltage of NXL2:230v
P2.1.6 180 690 V 110
the motor NXL5:400v
Nominal frequency Check the rating plate of
P2.1.7 30,00 320,00 Hz 50,00 111
of the motor the motor
The default applies for a 4-
Nominal speed of
P2.1.8 300 20 000 rpm 1440 112 pole motor and a nominal
the motor
size frequency converter.
Nominal current of Check the rating plate of
P2.1.9 0,3 x IL 1,5 x IL A IL 113
the motor the motor
Check the rating plate of
P2.1.10 Motor cos 0,30 1,00 0,85 120
the motor
0=Ramp
P2.1.11 Start function 0 1 0 505
1=Flying start
0=Coasting
P2.1.12 Stop function 0 1 0 506
1=Ramp
0=Not used
P2.1.13 V/f optimization 0 1 0 109
1=Automatic torque boost
0=AI1
1=AI2
2=Keypad reference
P2.1.14 I/O reference 0 5 0 117 3=Fieldbus reference
(FBSpeedReference)
4=Motor potentiometer
5=AI1/AI2 selection
Not used if AI2 Custom min
<> 0% or AI2 custom max.
<> 100%
P2.1.15 AI2 signal range 1 4 2 390 1=020 mA
2=420 mA
3=0V 10V
4=2V 10V
0=Not used
1=Output freq. (0fmax)
2=Freq. reference (0fmax)
3=Motor speed (0Motor
nominal speed)
4=Output current (0InMotor)
Analogue output 5=Motor torque (0TnMotor)
P2.1.16 0 12 1 307
function 6=Motor power (0PnMotor)
7=Mot. voltage (0UnMotor)
8=DC-link volt (01000V)
9=PI controller ref. value
10=PI contr. act. value 1
11=PI contr. error value
12=PI controller output

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 0=Not used
1=Start Reverse
(DIN1=Start forward)
2=Reverse (DIN1=Start)
3=Stop pulse (DIN1=Start
pulse)
4=External fault, cc
P2.1.17 DIN2 function 0 10 1 319
5=External fault, oc
6=Run enable
7=Preset speed 2
8= Motor pot. UP (cc)
9= Disable PID (Direct freq.
reference)
10=Interlock 1
0=Not used
1=Reverse
2=External fault, cc
3=External fault, oc
4=Fault reset
5=Run enable
6=Preset speed 1
7=Preset speed 2
8=DC-braking command
9=Motor pot. UP (cc)
10=Motor pot. DOWN (cc)
11=Disable PID (Direct freq.
P2.1.18 DIN3 function 0 17 6 301
reference)
12=PID Keypad ref. 2
selection
13=Interlock 2
14=Thermistor input
Note! See VFD NXL
Users Manual, Chapter
6.2.7
15= Force cp to I/O
16= Force cp to Fieldbus
17=AI1/AI2 selection for I/O
reference
P2.1.19 Preset speed 1 0,00 Par. 2.1.2 Hz 10,00 105
P2.1.20 Preset speed 2 0,00 Par. 2.1.2 Hz 50,00 106
0=Not used
P2.1.21 Automatic restart 0 1 0 731
1=Used
0=All parameters and
menus visible
P2.1.22 Parameter conceal 0 1 0 115
1=Only group P2.1 and
menus M1 to H5 visible
Table 1- 4. Basic parameters P2.1
CP= control place

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3.3 Input signals (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.2)
Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
0=Not used
1=Reverse
2=External fault, cc
3=External fault, oc
4=Fault reset
5=Run enable
6=Preset speed 1
Expander board DIE1 7=Preset speed 2
P2.2.1 0 13 7 368
function 8=DC-braking command
9=Motor pot. UP (cc)
10=Motor pot. DOWN (cc)
11=Disable PID (PID control
selection)
12=PID Keypad ref. 2
selection
13=Interlock 1
Expander board DIE2 As par. 2.2.1, except:
P2.2.2 0 13 4 330
function 13=Interlock 2
Expander board DIE3 As par. 2.2.1, except:
P2.2.3 0 13 11 369
function 13=Interlock 3
Used if P2.2.6 = 0
P2.2.4 DIN4 function (AI1) 0 13 2 499
Selections as in par.2.2.3
10=AI1 (1=Local,
0=input 1)
11=AI2 (1=Local,
1= input 2)
20=Exp. AI1
P2.2.5 AI1 signal selection 0 10 377
(2=exp.board
0=input 1)
21=Exp AI2
(2=exp.board
1=input 2)
0=Digital input DIN4
1=0mA 20mA (MF4-->)
2=4mA 20mA (MF4-->)
3=0V 10V
P2.2.6 AI1 signal range 0 4 3 379
4=2V 10V
Not used if AI1 Custom min
> 0% or AI21 custom max.
< 100%
AI1 custom minimum
P2.2.7 0,00 100,00 % 0,00 380
setting
AI1 custom maximum
P2.2.8 0,00 100,00 % 100,00 381
setting
0=Not inverted
P2.2.9 AI1 inversion 0 1 0 387
1=Inverted
0=No filtering
P2.2.10 AI1 filter time 0,00 10,00 s 0,10 378
P2.2.11 AI2 signal selection 0 11 388 As par. 2.2.5
Not used if AI2 Custom min
<> 0% or AI2 custom max.
<> 100%
1=020 mA
P2.2.12 AI2 signal range 1 4 2 390
2=420 mA
3=0V 10V
4=2V 10V

AI2 custom minimum

P2.2.13 0,00 100,00 % 0,00 391
setting
AI2 custom maximum
P2.2.14 0,00 100,00 % 100,00 392
setting
0=Not inverted
P2.2.15 AI2 inversion 0 1 0 398
1=Inverted
0=No filtering
P2.2.16 AI2 filter time 0,00 10,00 s 0,10 389

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 0=No reset
Motor potentiometer
1=Reset if stopped or
P2.2.17 frequency reference 0 2 1 367
powered down
memory reset
2=Reset if powered down
Does not affect the fieldbus
Reference scaling
P2.2.18 0,00 P2.2.19 0,00 344 reference (Scaled between
minimum value
par. 2.1.1 and par. 2.1.2)
Does not affect the fieldbus
Reference scaling
P2.2.19 P2.2.18 320,00 0,00 345 reference (Scaled between
maximum value
par. 2.1.1 and par. 2.1.2)
0=AI1
1=AI2
2=Keypad reference
Keypad control
P2.2.20 0 5 2 121 3=Fieldbus reference
reference selection
(FBSpeedreference)
4=Motor potentiometer
5=PID controller
Fieldbus control
P2.2.21 0 5 3 122 See above
reference selection
Table 1- 5. Input signals, P2.2
CP=control place
cc=closing contact
oc=opening contact

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3.4 Output signals (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.3)
Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
0=Not used
1=Ready
2=Run
3=Fault
4=Fault inverted
5=FC overheat warning
6=Ext. fault or warning
7=Ref. fault or warning
8=Warning
9=Reversed
10=Preset speed
P2.3.1 Relay output 1 function 0 20 3 313
11=At speed
12=Mot. regulator active
13=OP freq. limit superv.1
14=Control place: IO
15=Thermistor fault/
warning
16=Actual value supervision
17=Autochange 1 control
18=Autochange 2 control
19=Autochange 3 control
20=AI supervision
Expander board relay
P2.3.2 0 19 2 314 As parameter 2.3.1
output 1 function
Expander board relay
P2.3.3 0 19 3 317 As parameter 2.3.1
output 2 function
Expander board digital
P2.3.4 0 19 1 312 As parameter 2.3.1
output 1 function
P2.3.5 Analogue output function 0 12 1 307 See par. 2.1.16
Analogue output filter
P2.3.6 0,00 10,00 s 1,00 308 0=No filtering
time
Analogue output 0=Not inverted
P2.3.7 0 1 0 309
inversion 1=Inverted
Analogue output 0=0 mA
P2.3.8 0 1 0 310
minimum 1=4 mA
P2.3.9 Analogue output scale 10 1000 % 100 311
Expander board
P2.3.10 analogue output 1 0 12 0 472 As parameter 2.1.16
function
Expander board
P2.3.11 analogue output 2 0 12 0 479 As parameter 2.1.16
function
0=No limit
Output frequency limit 1
P2.3.12 0 2 0 315 1=Low limit supervision
supervision
2=High limit supervision
Output frequency limit 1; Par.
P2.3.13 0,00 Hz 0,00 316
Supervised value 2.1.2
0=Not used
Analogue input
P2.3.14 0 2 0 356 1=AI1
supervision
2=AI2
P2.3.15 AI supervision OFF limit 0,00 100,00 % 10,00 357
P2.3.16 AI supervision ON limit 0,00 100,00 % 90,00 358
P2.3.17 Relay output 1 ON delay 0,00 320,00 s 0,00 487 ON delay for RO1
Relay output 1 OFF
P2.3.18 0,00 320,00 s 0,00 488 OFF delay for RO1
delay
Table 1- 6. Output signals, P2.3

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3.5 Drive control parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.4)
Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
0=Linear
P2.4.1 Ramp 1 shape 0,0 10,0 s 0,0 500
>0=S-curve ramp time
0=Disabled
1=Used in Run state
P2.4.2 Brake chopper 0 3 0 504
3=Used in Run and Stop
state
P2.4.3 DC braking current 0,15 x In 1,5 x In A Varies 507
DC braking time
P2.4.4 0,00 600,00 s 0,00 508 0=DC brake is off at stop
at stop
Frequency to start DC
P2.4.5 braking during 0,10 10,00 Hz 1,50 515
ramp stop
DC braking time
P2.4.6 0,00 600,00 s 0,00 516 0=DC brake is off at start
at start
0=Off
P2.4.7 Flux brake 0 1 0 520
1=On
P2.4.8 Flux braking current 0,0 Varies A 0,0 519
Table 1- 7. Drive control parameters, P2.4

3.6 Prohibit frequency parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.5)

Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
Prohibit frequency
P2.5.1 0,0 Par. 2.5.2 Hz 0,0 509 0=Not used
range 1 low limit
Prohibit frequency
P2.5.2 0,0 Par. 2.1.2 Hz 0,0 510 0=Not used
range 1 high limit
Multiplier of the currently
Prohibit frequencies
P2.5.3 0,1 10,0 Times 1,0 518 selected ramp time between
acc./dec. ramp scaling
prohibit frequency limits
Table 1- 8. Prohibit frequency parameters, P2.5

3.7 Motor control parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.6)

Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
0=Frequency control
P2.6.1 Motor control mode 0 1 0 600
1=Speed control
0=Linear
1=Squared
P2.6.2 U/f ratio selection 0 3 0 108
2=Programmable
3=Linear with flux optim.
P2.6.3 Field weakening point 30,00 320,00 Hz 50,00 602
Voltage at field
P2.6.4 10,00 200,00 % 100,00 603 n% x Unmot
weakening point
U/f curve midpoint par.
P2.6.5 0,00 Hz 50,00 604
frequency P2.6.3
U/f curve midpoint par. n% x Unmot
P2.6.6 0,00 % 100,00 605
voltage P2.6.4
Output voltage at zero
P2.6.7 0,00 40,00 % 0,00 606 n% x Unmot
frequency
P2.6.8 Switching frequency 1,0 16,0 kHz 6,0 601 Depends on kW
0=Not used
P2.6.9 Overvoltage controller 0 1 1 607
1=Used
Undervoltage 0=Not used
P2.6.10 0 1 1 608
controller 1=Used
0=No action
P2.6.11 Identification 0 1 0 631
1=ID no run
Table 1- 9. Motor control parameters, P2.6

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3.8 Protections (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.7)
Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
0=No response
Response to 4-20mA 1=Warning
P2.7.1 0 3 0 700
reference fault 2=Fault,stop acc. to 2.1.12
3=Fault,stop by coasting
Response to external
P2.7.2 0 3 2 701
fault
Response to
P2.7.3 1 3 2 727 0=No response
undervoltage fault
1=Warning
Output phase
P2.7.4 0 3 2 702 2=Fault,stop acc. to 2.1.12
supervision
3=Fault,stop by coasting
P2.7.5 Earth fault protection 0 3 2 703
Thermal protection
P2.7.6 0 3 2 704
of the motor
Motor ambient
P2.7.7 100,0 100,0 % 0,0 705
temperature factor
Motor cooling factor
P2.7.8 0,0 150,0 % 40,0 706
at zero speed
Motor thermal time
P2.7.9 1 200 min 45 707
constant
P2.7.10 Motor duty cycle 0 100 % 100 708
P2.7.11 Stall protection 0 3 1 709 As par. 2.7.1
Inmotor
P2.7.12 Stall current limit 0,1 Inmotor x 2 A 710
x1.3
P2.7.13 Stall time limit 1,00 120,00 s 15,00 711
P2.7.14 Stall frequency limit 1,0 P 2.1.2 Hz 25,0 712
P2.7.15 Underload protection 0 3 0 713 As par. 2.7.1
Underload curve at
P2.7.16 10,0 150,0 % 50,0 714
nominal frequency
Underload curve at
P2.7.17 5,0 150,0 % 10,0 715
zero frequency
Underload
P2.7.18 2,00 600,00 s 20,00 716
protection time limit
Response to
P2.7.19 0 3 2 732 As par. 2.7.1
thermistor fault
Response to
P2.7.20 0 3 2 733 As par. 2.7.1
fieldbus fault
Response to slot
P2.7.21 0 3 2 734 As par. 2.7.1
fault
0=No response
1=Warning if below limit
Actual value
P2.7.22 0 4 0 735 2=Warning if above limit
supervision
3=Fault, if below limit
4=Fault, if above limit
Actual value
P2.7.23 0,0 100,0 % 10,0 736
supervision limit
Actual value
P2.7.24 0 3600 s 5 737
supervision delay
Table 1- 10. Protections, P2.7

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3.9 Autorestart parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.8)
Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
P2.8.1 Wait time 0,10 10,00 s 0,50 717
P2.8.2 Trial time 0,00 60,00 s 30,00 718
0=Ramp
P2.8.3 Start function 0 2 0 719 1=Flying start
2=According to par. 2.1.11
Table 1- 11. Autorestart parameters, P2.8

3.10 PID reference parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.9)

Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note
0=Not used
1=PID controller activated
P2.9.1 PID activation 0 1 0 163 2=Pump & fan control
active, group P2.10
visible
0=AI1
1=AI2
2=Ref. from keypad (PID
P2.9.2 PID reference 0 3 2 332
Ref 1)
3=Fieldbus reference
(ProcessDataIN1)
0=AI1 signal
1=AI2 signal
2=Fieldbus
(ProcessDataIN2)
P2.9.3 Actual value input 0 6 1 334
3=Motor torque
4=Motor speed
5=Motor current
6=Motor power
P2.9.4 PID controller gain 0,0 1000,0 % 100,0 118
P2.9.5 PID controller I-time 0,00 320,00 s 10,00 119
P2.9.6 PID controller D-time 0,00 10,00 s 0,00 132
Actual value 1
P2.9.7 1000,0 1000,0 % 0,00 336 0=No minimum scaling
minimum scale
Actual value 1
P2.9.8 1000,0 1000,0 % 100,0 337 100=No maximum scaling
maximum scale
P2.9.9 Error value inversion 0 1 0 340
Par.
P2.9.10 Sleep frequency Par. 2.1.2 Hz 10,00 1016
2.1.1
P2.9.11 Sleep delay 0 3600 s 30 1017
P2.9.12 Wake up level 0,00 100,00 % 25,00 1018
0=Wake-up at fall below
wake-up level (2.9.12)
1=Wake-up at exceeded
wake-up level (2.9.12)
P2.9.13 Wake up function 0 3 0 1019
2=Wake-up at fall below
wake up level (PID ref)
3=Wake-up at exceeded
wake up level (PID ref)
Table 1- 12. PID reference parameters, P2.9

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 3.11 Pump & Fan control parameters (Control keypad: Menu P2 P2.10)
NOTE! Group P2.10 is visible only if the value of par 2.9.1 is set to 2.

Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note

Number of auxiliary
P2.10.1 0 3 1 1001
drives
Start delay,
P2.10.2 0,0 300,0 s 4,0 1010
auxiliary drives
Stop delay,
P2.10.3 0,0 300,0 s 2,0 1011
auxiliary drives
0=Not used
1= Autochange with aux
pumps
2= Autochange with Freq.
conv & aux pumps
P2.10.4 Autochange 0 4 0 1027
3= Autochange and
interlocks (aux pumps)
4= Autochange and
interlocks (Freq. conv &
aux pumps)
0,0=TEST=40 s
P2.10.5 Autochange interval 0,0 3000,0 h 48,0 1029 Elapsed time for
autochange
Autochange;
Autochange level for
P2.10.6 Maximum number of 0 3 1 1030
auxiliary drives
auxiliary drives
Autochange Autochange frequency level
P2.10.7 0,00 par. 2.1.2 Hz 25,00 1031
frequency limit for variable speed drive
Start frequency, Par.
P2.10.8 320,00 Hz 51,00 1002
auxiliary drive 1 2.10.9
Stop frequency, Par. Par.
P2.10.9 Hz 10,00 1003
auxiliary drive 1 2.1.1 2.10.8
Table 1- 13. Pump and fan control parameters, P2.10

3.12 Keypad control (Control keypad: Menu K3)

The parameters for the selection of control place and direction on the keypad are listed below. See the
Keypad control menu in the VFD-NXL Users Manual (code +030220721).

Code Parameter Min Max Unit Default Cust ID Note

1 = I/O terminal
P3.1 Control place 1 3 1 125 2 = Keypad
3 = Fieldbus
Par. Par.
R3.2 Keypad reference Hz
2.1.1 2.1.2
Direction (on 0 = Forward
P3.3 0 1 0 123
keypad) 1 = Reverse
0=Limited function of Stop
button
R3.4 Stop button 0 1 1 114
1=Stop button always
enabled
R3.5 PID reference 0,00 100,00 % 0,00
R3.6 PID reference 2 0,00 100,00 % 0,00 Selected with digital inputs
Table 1- 14. Keypad control parameters, K3

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 16

3.13 System menu (Control keypad: Menu S6)
For parameters and functions related to the general use of the frequency converter, such as
customised parameter sets or information about the hardware and software, see Chapter 7.4.12 in the
VFD-NXL Users Manual (code +030220721).

3.14 Expander boards (Control keypad: Menu E7)

The E7 menu shows the expander boards attached to the control board and board-related information.
For more information, see Chapter 7.4.25 in the VFD-NXL Users Manual (code +030220721).

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4. DESCRIPTION OF PARAMETERS

4.1 BASIC PARAMETERS

2.1.1, 2.1.2 Minimum/maximum frequency
Defines the frequency limits of the frequency converter.
The maximum value for parameters 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 is 320 Hz.
The software will automatically check the values of parameters 2.1.19, 2.1.20, 2.3.13, 2.5.1,
2.5.2 and 2.6.5.

2.1.3, 2.1.4 Acceleration time 1, deceleration time 1

These limits correspond to the time required for the output frequency to
accelerate from the zero frequency to the set maximum frequency (par. 2.1.2).

2.1.5 Current limit

This parameter determines the maximum motor current from the frequency converter. To
avoid motor overload, set this parameter according to the rated current of the motor. The
current limit is equal to the rated converter current (IL) by default.

2.1.6 Nominal voltage of the motor

Find this value Un on the rating plate of the motor. This parameter sets the voltage at the
field weakening point (parameter 2.6.4) to 100% x Unmotor.

2.1.7 Nominal frequency of the motor

Find this value fn on the rating plate of the motor. This parameter sets the field weakening
point (parameter 2.6.3) to the same value.

2.1.8 Nominal speed of the motor

Find this value nn on the rating plate of the motor.

2.1.9 Nominal current of the motor

Find this value In on the rating plate of the motor.

2.1.10 Motor cos phi

Find this value cos phi on the rating plate of the motor.

2.1.11 Start function

Ramp:
0 The frequency converter starts from 0 Hz and accelerates to maximum frequency
within the set acceleration time. (Load inertia or starting friction may cause
prolonged acceleration times).

Flying start:
1 The frequency converter is able to start into a running motor by applying a small
torque to motor and searching for the frequency corresponding to the speed the
motor is running at. The searching starts from the maximum frequency towards
the actual frequency until the correct value is detected. Thereafter, the output
frequency will be increased/decreased to the set reference value according to the
set acceleration/deceleration parameters.
Use this mode if the motor is coasting when the start command is given. With the
flying start, it is possible to ride through short mains voltage interruptions.

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2.1.12 Stop function

Coasting:
0 The motor coasts to a halt without control from the frequency converter after the
Stop command.
Ramp:
1 After the Stop command, the speed of the motor is decelerated according to the
set deceleration parameters.
If the regenerated energy is high it may be necessary to use an external braking
resistor for faster deceleration.

2.1.13 U/f optimisation

0 Not used
1 Automatic torque boost
The voltage to the motor changes automatically which makes the
motor produce sufficient torque to start and run at low
frequencies. The voltage increase depends on the motor type and
power. Automatic torque boost can be used in applications where
starting torque due to starting friction is high, e.g. in conveyors.
NOTE! In high torque low speed applications it is likely that the motor
will overheat. If the motor has to run a prolonged time under these
conditions, special attention must be paid to cooling the motor.
Use external cooling for the motor if the temperature tends to rise
too high.

2.1.14 I/O Reference selection

Defines the selected frequency reference source when the drive is controlled from the I/O
terminal.

0 AI1 reference (terminals 2 and 3, e.g. potentiometer)

1 AI2 reference (terminals 5 and 6, e.g. transducer)
2 Keypad reference (parameter 3.2)
3 Reference from Fieldbus (FBSpeedReference)
4 Motor potentiometer reference
5 AI1/AI2 selection. Selection of AI2 is made programmable by DIN3 Function (P2.1.18)

2.1.15 AI2 (Iin) signal range

1 Signal range 020 mA
2 Signal range 420 mA
3 Signal range 0...10V
4 Signal range 2...10V

Note! The selections have no effect if par. 2.2.12 > 0%, or par. 2.2.13 < 100%.

2.1.16 Analogue output function

This parameter selects the desired function for the analogue output signal.
See the table 1-4 for the parameter values.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 19

2.1.17 DIN2 function
This parameter has 10 selections. If digital input DIN2 need not be used, set the parameter
value to 0.
1 Start reverse
2 Reverse
3 Stop pulse
4 External fault
Contact closed: Fault is displayed and motor stopped when the input is active
5 External fault
Contact open: Fault is displayed and motor stopped when the input is not active
6 Run enable
Contact open: Start of motor disabled
Contact closed: Start of motor enabled
Coast stop if dropped during RUN
7 Preset speed 2
8 Motor potentiometer UP
Contact closed: Reference increases until the contact is opened.
9 Disable the PID-controller (Direct frequency reference)
10 Interlock 1 (can only be selected, when pump and fan control is active, P2.9.1=2)

2.1.18 DIN3 function

The parameter has 13 selections. If digital input DIN3 need not be used, set the param. value to 0.
1 Reverse
Contact open: Forward
Contact closed: Reverse
2 External fault
Contact closed: Fault is displayed and motor stopped when the input is active
3 External fault
Contact open: Fault is displayed and motor stopped when the input is not active
4 Fault reset
Contact closed: All faults reset
5 Run enable
Contact open: Start of motor disabled
Contact closed: Start of motor enabled
Coast stop if dropped during RUN
6 Preset speed 1
7 Preset speed 2
8 DC braking command
Contact closed: In Stop mode, the DC braking operates until the contact is opened. DC-braking
current is about 10% of the value selected with par. 2.4.3.
9 Motor potentiometer UP
Contact closed: Reference increases until the contact is opened.
10 Motor potentiometer DOWN.
Contact closed: Reference decreases until the contact is opened
11 Disable the PID-controller (Direct frequency reference)
12 PID Keypad reference 2 selection
13 Interlock 2 (can only be selected, when pump and fan control is active, P2.9.1=2)
14 Thermistor input NOTE! See Carel VFD-NXL Users Manual, Chapter 6.2.7
15 Force control place to I/O
16 Force control place to Fieldbus
17 AI1/AI2 selection for I/O Reference (par 2.1.14)

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2.1.19 Preset speed 1
2.1.20 Preset speed 2
Parameter values are automatically limited between the minimum and maximum
frequencies. (par. 2.1.1 and 2.1.2)

2.1.21 Automatic restart function

The automatic restart is taken into use with this parameter
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled (3 automatic restarts, see par. 2.8.1 2.8.3)

2.1.22 Parameter conceal

With this parameter you can hide all other parameter groups except the basic parameter
group (P2.1).
The factory default of this parameter is 0.
0 = Disabled (all parameter groups can be browsed with the keypad)
1 = Enabled (only the basic parameters, P2.1, can be browsed with the keypad)

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4.2 INPUT SIGNALS

2.2.1 Expander board DIE1 function

This parameter has 12 selections. If the expander board digital input DIN1 need not be
used, set the parameter value to 0.

Selections are as in parameter 2.1.18, except:

13 = Interlock 1

2.2.2 Expander board DIE2 function

The selections are the same as in parameter 2.2.1, except:
13 = Interlock 2

2.2.3 Expander board DIE3 function

The selections are the same as in parameter 2.2.1.
13 = Interlock 3

2.2.4 DIN4 Function

If the value of par. 2.2.6 is set to 0, AI1 functions as digital input 4.
The selections are the same as in parameter 2.2.3.

NOTE! If you program the analogue input as DIN4 check that the jumper selections
are correct (see figure below).

Figure 1- 1. Jumper selections of X4/X8 when AI1 functions as DIN4

MF2 MF3 MF4-6

X4: X4: X8:

RS485
programming

Voltage input; 0...10V Voltage input; 0...10V Voltage input; 0...10V

Jumperdin4.fh8

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 22

2.2.5 AI1 signal selection
Connect the AI1 signal to the analogue input of your choice with this parameter.

READY READY
STOP I/O term STOP I/O term

Change
value

Location indicator
nxlk29.fh8 Input number

Figure 1- 2. AI1 signal selection

The value of this parameter is formed of the board indicator and the respective input
terminal number. See Figure 1- 2.

Board indicator 1 = Local inputs

Board indicator 2 = Expander board inputs

Input number 0 = Input 1

Input number 1 = Input 2
Input number 2 = Input 3

Input number 9 = Input 10

Example:
If you set the value of this parameter to 10, you have selected the local input 1 for the AI1
signal. Again, if the value is set to 21, the expander board input 2 has been selected for the
AI1 signal.
If you want to use the values of analogue input signal for e.g. testing purposes only, you can
set the parameter value to 0 - 9. In this case, value 0 corresponds to 0%, value 1
corresponds to 20% and any value between 2 and 9 corresponds to 100%.

2.2.6 AI1 signal range

With this parameter you can select the AI1 signal range.
0 = DIN 4
1 = Signal range 020mA (only for sizes MF4 and bigger)
2 = Signal range 420mA (only for sizes MF4 and bigger)
3 = Signal range 010V
4 = Signal range 210V

Note! The selections have no effect if par. 2.2.7 > 0%, or par. 2.2.8 < 100%.
If the value of par. 2.2.6 is set to 0, AI1 functions as digital input 4. See par. 2.2.4

2.2.7 AI1 custom setting minimum

2.2.8 AI1 custom setting maximum
Set the custom minimum and maximum levels for the AI1 signal within 010V.

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2.2.9 AI1 signal inversion
By setting the parameter value to 1 the AI1 signal inversion takes place.

2.2.10 AI1 signal filter time

This parameter, given a value greater
than 0, activates the function that filters %
out disturbances from the incoming
Unfiltered signal
analogue Uin signal.
100%
Long filtering time makes the regulation
response slower. See Figure 1- 3
Filtered signal
63%

t [s]
Par. 2.2.10
N X 1 2K78

Figure 1- 3. AI1 signal filtering

2.2.11 AI2 signal selection

Connect the AI2 signal to the analogue input of your choice with this parameter. See par.
2.2.5 for the value setting procedure.

2.2.12 AI2 signal range

1 = Signal range 020mA
2 = Signal range 420mA
3 = Signal range 010V
4 = Signal range 210V

Note! The selections have no effect if par. 2.2.13 > 0%, or par. 2.2.14 < 100%.

2.2.13 AI2 custom minimum

2.2.14 AI2 custom maximum
These parameters allow you to scale the input current signal between 0 and 20 mA.
Cf. parameters 2.2.7 and 2.2.8.

2.2.15 Analogue input AI2 signal inversion

See corresponding parameter 2.2.9.

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2.2.16 Analogue input AI2 signal filter time
See corresponding parameter 2.2.10.

2.2.17 Motor potentiometer memory reset (Frequency reference)

0 = No reset
1 = Memory reset in stop and powerdown
2 = Memory reset in powerdown

2.2.18 Reference scaling minimum value

2.2.19 Reference scaling maximum value
You can choose a scaling range for the frequency reference between the Minimum and
Maximum frequency. If no scaling is desired set the parameter value to 0.
In the figures below, voltage input AI1 with signal range 010V is selected for reference.

Output Output
frequency frequency

Max freq. par 2.1.2 Max freq. par 2.1.2

Par. 2.2.19

Par. 2.2.18
Analogue Analogue
Min freq. par 2.1.1 input [%] Min freq. par 2.1.1 input [%]

0 0

NX12K35

Figure 1- 4. Left: Par. 2.1.18=0 (No reference scaling) Right: Reference scaling

2.2.20 Keypad frequency reference selection

Defines the selected reference source when the drive is controlled from the keypad
0 AI1 reference (by default AI1, terminals 2 and 3, e.g. potentiometer)
1 AI2 reference (by default AI2, terminals 5 and 6, e.g. transducer)
2 Keypad reference (parameter 3.2)
3 Reference from Fieldbus (FBSpeedReference)
4 Motor potentiometer reference
5 PID-controller reference

2.2.21 Fieldbus frequency reference selection

Defines the selected reference source when the drive is controlled from the fieldbus. For the
parameter values, see par. 2.2.20.

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4.3 OUTPUT SIGNALS

2.3.1 Relay output 1 function

2.3.2 Expander board relay output 1 function
2.3.3 Expander board relay output 2 function
2.3.4 Expander board digital output 1 function
Setting value Signal content
0 = Not used Out of operation
Relay output RO1 and expander board programmable
relays (RO1, RO2) are activated when:
1 = Ready The frequency converter is ready to operate
2 = Run The frequency converter operates (motor is running)
3 = Fault A fault trip has occurred
4 = Fault inverted A fault trip not occurred
5 = Frequency converter overheat
The heat-sink temperature exceeds +70C
warning
6 = External fault or warning Fault or warning depending on par. 2.7.2
Fault or warning depending on par. 2.7.1
7 = Reference fault or warning
- if analogue reference is 420 mA and signal is <4mA
8 = Warning Always if a warning exists
9 = Reversed The reverse command has been selected
10 = Preset speed A preset speed has been selected
11 = At speed The output frequency has reached the set reference
12 = Motor regulator activated Overvoltage or overcurrent regulator was activated
The output frequency goes outside the set supervision
13 = Output frequency limit 1 supervision low limit/high limit (see parameters 2.3.12 and 2.3.13
below)
Selected control place (Menu K3; par. 3.1) is I/O
14 = Control from I/O terminals
terminal
The thermistor input of option board indicates
15 = Thermistor fault or warning overtemperature. Fault or warning depending on
parameter 2.7.19.
16 = Actual value supervision active Parameters 2.7.22 2.7.24
17 = Autochange 1 control Pump 1 control, parameters 2.10.1 2.10.7
18 = Autochange 2 control Pump 2 control, parameters 2.10.1 2.10.7
19 = Autochange 3 control Pump 3 control, parameters 2.10.1 2.10.7
The relay energizes according to settings of parameters
20 = AI supervision
2.3.14 2.3.16.

Table 1- 15. Output signals via RO1 and expander board RO1, RO2 and DO1.

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2.3.5 Analogue output function
This parameter selects the desired function for the analogue output signal.
This parameter is the same as par 2.1.16.

2.3.6 Analogue output filter time %

Defines the filtering time of the analogue output Unfiltered signal

signal.
If you set value 0 for this parameter, no filtering
takes place.
Filtered signal

t [s]
Par. 2.3.6
NX12K16

Figure 1- 5. Analogue output filtering

2.3.7 Analogue output invert

Inverts the analogue output signal:

Maximum output signal = 0 %

Minimum output signal = Maximum set value 20 mA
(parameter 2.3.9)

0 Not inverted 12 mA Param. 2.3.9

1 Inverted = 50%
10 mA

Param. 2.3.9
See parameter 2.3.9 below. = 100%
4 mA
Param. 2.3.9
= 200%
0 mA
0 0.5 1.0
NX12K17

Figure 1- 6. Analogue output invert

2.3.8 Analogue output minimum

Sets the signal minimum to either 0 mA or 4 mA (living zero). Note the difference in the
analogue output scaling in parameter 2.3.9.

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2.3.9 Analogue output scale
Scaling factor for the analogue output.

Analogue
Signal Max. value of the signal output
current Par. 2.3.9=
Output frequency 100% x fmax 200% Par. 2.3.9=
100%
20 mA
Motor speed 100% x Motor nom. speed
Output current 100% x InMotor
Motor torque 100% x TnMotor
Motor power 100% x PnMotor 12 mA

Motor voltage 100% x Unmotor 10 mA Par. 2.3.9=

50%
DC-link voltage 1000 V Par. 2.3.8 = 1
PI-ref. value 100% x ref. value max. 4 mA

PI act. value 1 100% x actual value max. Par. 2.3.8 = 0 Max. value of signal
selected by param. 2.1.16
PI error value 100% x error value max. 0 mA
0 0.5 1.0
PI output 100% x output max.
nxlk49.fh8
Table 1- 16. Analogue output scaling
Figure 1- 7. Analogue output scaling

2.3.10 Expander board analogue output 1 function

2.3.11 Expander board analogue output 2 function
These parameters select the desired functions for the expander board analogue output
signals. See par. 2.1.16 for the parameter values.

2.3.12 Output frequency limit 1 supervision function

0 No supervision
1 Low limit supervision
2 High limit supervision

If the output frequency goes under/over the set limit (par. 2.3.13) this function generates a
warning message via the relay outputs depending on the settings of parameters 2.3.1
2.3.4.

2.3.13 Output frequency limit 1 supervised value

Selects the frequency value supervised by parameter 2.3.12.

f[Hz] Par 2.3.12 = 2

Par 2.3.13

Example: 21 RO1 21 RO1 21 RO1

22 RO1 22 RO1 22 RO1
23 RO1 23 RO1 23 RO1

NX12K19

Figure 1- 8. Output frequency supervision

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2.3.14 Analogue input supervision
With this parameter you can select the analogue input to be supervised.
0 = Not used
1 = AI1
2 = AI2

2.3.15 Analogue input supervision OFF limit

When the signal of analogue input selected with par. 2.3.14 falls under the limit set with this
parameter, the relay output goes off.

2.3.16 Analogue input supervision ON limit

When the signal of analogue input selected with par. 2.3.14 goes over the limit set with this
parameter, the relay output goes on.
This means that if for example ON limit is 60% and OFF limit is 40%, the relay goes on
when signal goes over 60% and remains on until it falls under 40%.

2.3.17 Relay output 1 ON delay

2.3.18 Relay output 1 OFF delay
With these parameters you can set on- and off-delays to relay output 1 (par 2.3.1).

Signal programmed to
relay output

RO1 output

ON-delay, OFF-delay
par 2.3.17 par. 2.3.18

nxlk102

Figure 1- 9. Relay output 1 on- and off-delays

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4.4 DRIVE CONTROL
2.4.1 Acceleration/Deceleration ramp 1 shape

The start and end of the acceleration and deceleration ramp can be smoothed with this
parameter. Setting value 0 gives a linear ramp shape which causes acceleration and
deceleration to act immediately to the changes in the reference signal.
Setting value 0.110 seconds for this parameter produces an S-shaped
acceleration/deceleration. The acceleration time is determined with parameters 2.1.3/2.1.4

[Hz]

2.1.3, 2.1.4

2.4.1

2.4.1 [t]
NX12K20

Figure 1- 10. Acceleration/Deceleration (S-shaped)

2.4.2 Brake chopper

Note! An internal brake chopper is installed in all other sizes but MF2
0 No brake chopper used
1 Brake chopper used in Run state
3 Used in Run and Stop state
When the frequency converter is decelerating the motor, the inertia of the motor and the
load are fed into an external brake resistor. This enables the frequency converter to
decelerate the load with a torque equal to that of acceleration (provided that the correct
brake resistor has been selected). See separate Brake resistor installation manual.

2.4.3 DC-braking current

Defines the current injected into the motor during DC-braking.

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2.4.4 DC-braking time at stop
Determines if braking is ON or OFF and the braking time of the DC-brake when the motor is
stopping. The function of the DC-brake depends on the stop function, parameter 2.1.12.
0 DC-brake is not used
>0 DC-brake is in use and its function depends on the Stop function,
(par. 2.1.12). The DC-braking time is determined with this parameter

Par. 2.1.12 = 0 (Stop function = Coasting):

After the stop command, the motor coasts to a stop without control from the frequency
converter.
With the DC injection, the motor can be electrically stopped in the shortest possible time,
without using an optional external braking resistor.
The braking time is scaled by the frequency when the DC-braking starts. If the frequency is
greater than the nominal frequency of the motor, the set value of parameter 2.4.4
determines the braking time. When the frequency is 10% of the nominal, the braking time
is 10% of the set value of parameter 2.4.4.

fout fout

fn fn
Output frequency

Motor speed

Output frequency

Motor speed
DC-braking ON 0,1 x fn

DC-braking ON
t t

t = 1 x Par. 2.4.4 t = 0,1 x Par. 2.4.4

RUN RUN
STOP STOP
NX12K21

Figure 1- 11. DC-braking time when Stop mode = Coasting.

Par. 2.1.12 = 1 (Stop function = Ramp):

fout
After the Stop command, the speed of the
Motor speed
motor is reduced according to the set
Output frequency
deceleration parameters, as fast as
possible, to the speed defined with
parameter 2.4.5, where the DC-braking
starts.
DC-braking
The braking time is defined with par. 2.4.5
parameter 2.4.4. If high inertia exists, it is
recommended to use an external braking t

resistor for faster deceleration. See Figure t = Par. 2.4.4

1- 12. RUN
NX12K23
STOP

Figure 1- 12. DC-braking time when Stop mode = Ramp

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2.4.5 DC-braking frequency in ramp stop
The output frequency at which the DC-braking is applied. See Figure 1- 12.

2.4.6 DC-braking time at start

DC-brake is activated when the start
command is given. This parameter Output
defines the time before the brake is frequency
released. After the brake is released, the
output frequency increases according to
the set start function by parameter 2.1.11.
See Figure 1- 13.

t
Par 2.4.6

RUN
STOP NX12K80

Figure 1- 13. DC braking time at start

2.4.7 Flux brake

Instead of DC braking, flux braking is a useful form of braking with motors 15kW.
When braking is needed, the frequency is reduced and the flux in the motor is increased,
which in turn increases the motor's capability to brake. Unlike DC braking, the motor speed
remains controlled during braking
The flux braking can be set ON or OFF.
0 = Flux braking OFF
1 = Flux braking ON
Note: Flux braking converts the energy into heat at the motor, and should be used
intermittently to avoid motor damage

2.4.8 Flux braking current

Defines the flux braking current value. It can be set between 0.3 x IH (approximately) and
the Current limit.

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4.5 PROHIBIT FREQUENCIES
2.5.1 Prohibit frequency area 1; Low limit
Output
2.5.2 Prohibit frequency area 1; High limit frequency [Hz]

In some systems it may be necessary to

avoid certain frequencies because of
mechanical resonance problems. With
these parameters it is possible to set a
limit for the "skip frequency" region. See
Figure 1- 14.
2.5.1 2.5.2

Reference [Hz]

NX12K33

Figure 1- 14. Prohibit frequency area setting.

2.5.3 Acceleration/deceleration ramp speed scaling ratio between prohibit frequency limits
Defines the acceleration/deceleration time when the output frequency is between the
selected prohibit frequency range limits (parameters 2.5.1 and 2.5.2). The ramping time
(selected acceleration/ deceleration time 1 or 2) is multiplied with this factor. E.g. value 0.1
makes the acceleration time 10 times shorter than outside the prohibit frequency range
limits.

fout [Hz]

Par. 2.5.3 = 0,2

Par. 2.5.2

Par. 2.5.1 Par. 2.5.3 = 1,2

Time [s]
nxlk37.fh8

Figure 1- 15. Ramp time scaling between prohibit frequencies

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4.6 MOTOR CONTROL
2.6.1 Motor control mode

0 Frequency control: The I/O terminal and keypad references are frequency references
and the frequency converter controls the output frequency (output
frequency resolution = 0.01 Hz)

1 Speed control: The I/O terminal and keypad references are speed references and
the frequency converter controls the motor speed (accuracy
0,5%).

2.6.2 U/f ratio selection

Linear: The voltage of the motor changes linearly with the frequency in the constant
0 flux area from 0 Hz to the field weakening point where the nominal voltage is
supplied to the motor. Linear U/f ratio should be used in constant torque
applications. See Figure 1- 16.
This default setting should be used if there is no special need for another
setting.

Squared: The voltage of the motor changes following a squared curve form
1 with the frequency in the area from 0 Hz to the field weakening point where
the nominal voltage is also supplied to the motor. The motor runs under
magnetised below the field weakening point and produces less torque and
electromechanical noise. Squared U/f ratio can be used in applications
where torque demand of the load is proportional to the square of the speed,
e.g in centrifugal fans and pumps.
U[V]
Un
par.2.6.4 Default: Nominal Field weakening
voltage of the motor point

Linear

Squared Default: Nominal

frequency of the
motor f[Hz]
par.2.6.6, 2.6.7
par.2.6.3 nxlk38.fh8

Figure 1- 16. Linear and squared change of motor voltage

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 34

 Programmable U/f curve:
2 The U/f curve can be programmed with three different points. Programmable U/f
curve can be used if the other settings do not satisfy the needs of the application.

U[V ]
Un
P a r 2 . 6 .4 Default: Nominal Field weakening point
voltage of the motor

P a r. 2 . 6 . 6
(D ef. 10%)
Default: Nominal
P a r. 2 . 6 . 7 frequency of the motor
(D ef. 1.3%) f[Hz]

P a r . 2 . 6 .5 Par. 2.6.3
NX12K08
(D e f . 5 H z )

Figure 1- 17. Programmable U/f curve

Linear with flux optimisation:

3 The frequency converter starts to search for the minimum motor current and in
order to save energy, lower the disturbance level and the noise. Can be used in
applications with constant motor load, such as fans, pumps etc.

2.6.3 Field weakening point

The field weakening point is the output frequency at which the output voltage reaches the
value set with par. 2.6.4.

2.6.4 Voltage at field weakening point

Above the frequency at the field weakening point, the output voltage remains at the value
set with this parameter. Below the frequency at the field weakening point, the output voltage
depends on the setting of the U/f curve parameters. See parameters 2.1.13, 2.6.2, 2.6.5
2.6.6 and 2.6.7 and Figure 1- 17.
When the parameters 2.1.6 and 2.1.7 (nominal voltage and nominal frequency of the motor)
are set, the parameters 2.6.3 and 2.6.4 are automatically given the corresponding values. If
you need different values for the field weakening point and the voltage, change these
parameters after setting the parameters 2.1.6 and 2.1.7.

2.6.5 U/f curve, middle point frequency

If the programmable U/f curve has been selected with parameter 2.6.2 this parameter
defines the middle point frequency of the curve. See Figure 1- 17.

2.6.6 U/f curve, middle point voltage

If the programmable U/f curve has been selected with the parameter 2.6.2 this parameter
defines the middle point voltage of the curve. See Figure 1- 17.

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2.6.7 Output voltage at zero frequency
This parameter defines the zero frequency voltage of the curve. See Figure 1- 17.
2.6.8 Switching frequency
Motor noise can be minimised using a high switching frequency. Increasing the switching
frequency reduces the capacity of the frequency converter unit.
Switching frequency: 116 kHz

2.6.9 Overvoltage controller

2.6.10 Undervoltage controller
These parameters allow the under-/overvoltage controllers to be switched out of operation.
This may be useful, for example, if the mains supply voltage varies more than 15% to
+10% and the application will not tolerate this over-/undervoltage. This regulator controls
the output frequency taking the supply fluctuations into account.
Note: Over-/undervoltage trips may occur when controllers are switched out of operation.
0 Controller switched off
1 Controller switched on

2.6.11 Identification
0 No action
1 ID no run
When ID no run is selected, the drive will perform an ID-run when it is started from selected
control place. Drive has to be started within 20 seconds, otherwise identification is aborted.
The drive does not rotate the motor during ID no run. When ID run is ready the drive is
stopped. Drive will start normally, when the next start command is given.
The ID run improves the torque calculations and the automatic torque boost function.
It will also result in a better slip compensation in speed control (more accurate RPM)

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 36

4.7 PROTECTIONS

2.7.1 Response to 4mA reference fault

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting

A warning or a fault action and message is generated if the 420 mA reference signal
is used and the signal falls below 3.5 mA for 5 seconds or below 0.5 mA for 0.5 seconds.
The information can also be programmed into relay outputs.

2.7.2 Response to external fault

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting

A warning or a fault action and message is generated from the external fault signal
in the programmable digital inputs. The information can also be programmed into relay
outputs.

2.7.3 Response to undervoltage fault

1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting

For the undervoltage limits see Carel VFD-NXL Users Manual - code +030220721-, chapter
4-3.
Note: This protection can not be inactivated.

2.7.4 Output phase supervision

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting

Output phase supervision of the motor ensures that the motor phases have an
approximately equal current.

2.7.5 Earth fault protection

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting

Earth fault protection ensures that the sum of the motor phase currents is zero. The
overcurrent protection is always working and protects the frequency converter from earth
faults with high currents.

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Parameters 2.7.62.7.10, Motor thermal protection:

General

The motor thermal protection is to protect the motor from overheating. The Carel VFD-NXL drive is
capable of supplying higher than nominal current to the motor. If the load requires this high current
there is a risk that the motor will be thermally overloaded. This is the case especially at low frequencies.
At low frequencies the cooling effect of the motor is reduced as well as its capacity. If the motor is
equipped with an external fan the load reduction at low speeds is small.
The motor thermal protection is based on a calculated model and it uses the output current of the drive
to determine the load on the motor.
The motor thermal protection can be adjusted with parameters. The thermal current IT specifies the
load current above which the motor is overloaded. This current limit is a function of the output
frequency.

CAUTION! The calculated model does not protect the motor if

! the airflow to the motor is reduced by blocked air

intake grill.

2.7.6 Motor thermal protection

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting
If tripping is selected the drive will stop and activate the fault stage.
Deactivating the protection, i.e. setting parameter to 0, will reset the thermal model of
the motor to 0%.

2.7.7 Motor thermal protection: Motor ambient temperature factor

When the motor ambient temperature must be taken into consideration, it is recommended
to set a value for this parameter. The value of the factor can be set between 100.0% and
100.0% where 100.0% corresponds to 0C and 100.0% to the maximum running ambient
temperature of the motor. Setting this parameter value to 0% assumes that the ambient
temperature is the same as the temperature of the heatsink at power-on.

2.7.8 Motor thermal protection: Cooling factor at zero speed

The cooling power can be set between 0150.0% x cooling power at nominal frequency.
See Figure 1- 18.

100%

par.
2.7.8=40%

0 fn f
N X12 k 6 2

Figure 1- 18. Motor cooling power

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 38

2.7.9 Motor thermal protection: Time constant
This time can be set between 1 and 200 minutes.

This is the thermal time constant of the motor. The bigger the motor, the bigger the time
constant. The time constant is the time within which the calculated thermal model has
reached 63% of its final value.

The motor thermal time is specific to the motor design and it varies between different motor
manufacturers.

If the motor's t6time (t6 is the time in seconds the motor can safely operate at six times the
rated current) is known (given by the motor manufacturer) the time constant parameter can
be set basing on it. As a rule of thumb, the motor thermal time constant in minutes equals to
2xt6. If the drive is in stop state the time constant is internally increased to three times the
set parameter value. The cooling in the stop state is based on convection and the time
constant is increased. See also Figure 1- 19.
Note: If the nominal speed (par. 2.1.8) or the nominal current (par. 2.1.9) of the motor are
changed this parameter is automatically set to the default value (45).

Mo to r t em pe ratu re

Trip area
105%

Moto r
Fault/warning
c urre n t
par. 2.7.6
I/IT

*)
Time constant T

M otor temperature = (I/IT)2 x (1-e-t/T ) Tim e

*) Changes by motor size and

adjusted with parameter 2.7.9 NX12k 8 2

Figure 1- 19. Motor temperature calculation

2.7.10 Motor thermal protection: Motor duty cycle

Defines how much of the nominal motor load is applied.
The value can be set to 0%100%.

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Parameter 2.7.11, Stall protection:
General
The motor stall protection protects the motor from short time overload situations such as one caused by
a stalled shaft. The reaction time of the stall protection can be set shorter than that of motor thermal
protection. The stall state is defined with two parameters, 2.7.12 (Stall current) and 2.7.13 (Stall
frequency). If the current is higher than the set limit and output frequency is lower than the set limit, the
stall state is true.There is actually no real indication of the shaft rotation. Stall protection is a type of
overcurrent protection.

2.7.11 Stall protection

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting
Setting the parameter to 0 will deactivate the protection and reset the stall time counter.

2.7.12 Stall current limit I

The current can be set to 0.0InMotor*2. For a
stall stage to occur, the current must have
exceeded this limit. See Figure 1- 20. The
software does not allow entering a greater
value than InMotor*2. If the parameter 2.1.9 Stall area
Nominal current of motor is changed, this
parameter is automatically restored to the
default value (InMotor*1.3). Par. 2.7.12

Par. 2.7.14 NX12k63

Figure 1- 20. Stall characteristics settings

2.7.13 Stall time

This time can be set between 1.0 and 120.0s.
Stall time counter
This is the maximum time allowed for a stall
event detection. The stall time is counted by an Trip area
internal up/down counter. Par. 2.7.13
If the stall time counter value goes above this Trip /warning
limit the protection will cause a trip (see Figure p a r. 2.7.11

1- 21)

Time

Stall
No stall
NX12k64

Figure 1- 21. Stall time count

2.7.14 Maximum stall frequency

The frequency can be set between 1-fmax (par. 2.1.2).
For a stall event to occur, the output frequency must have remained below this limit.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 40

Parameters 2.7.152.7.18, Underload protection:

General

The purpose of the motor underload protection is to ensure that there is load on the motor when the
drive is running. If the motor loses its load there might be a problem in the process, e.g. a broken belt or
a dry pump.
Motor underload protection can be adjusted by setting the underload curve with parameters 2.7.16
(Field weakening area load) and 2.7.17 (Zero frequency load), see below. The underload curve is a
squared curve set between the zero frequency and the field weakening point. The protection is not
active below 5Hz (the underload time counter is stopped).

The torque values for setting the underload curve are set in percentage which refers to the nominal
torque of the motor. The motor's name plate data, the parameter Motor nominal current and the drive's
nominal current IL are used to find the scaling ratio for the internal torque value. If other than nominal
motor is used with the drive, the accuracy of the torque calculation decreases.

2.7.15 Underload protection

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting

If tripping is set active the drive will stop and activate the fault stage.
Deactivating the protection by setting the parameter to 0 will reset the underload time
counter.

2.7.16 Underload protection, field weakening area load

The torque limit can be set between 10.0150.0 % x TnMotor.
This parameter gives the value for the minimum torque allowed when the output frequency
is above the field weakening point. See Figure 1- 22.

Torque
If you change the parameter 2.1.9 (Motor
nominal current) this parameter is
automatically restored to the default Par. 2.7.16
value.

Par. 2.7.17
Underload area

f
5 Hz Fieldweakening
point par. 2.6.3 NX12k65

Figure 1- 22. Setting of minimum load

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 41

2.7.17 Underload protection, zero frequency load
The torque limit can be set between 5.0150.0 % x TnMotor.
This parameter gives value for the minimum torque allowed with zero frequency. See Figure
1- 22.

If you change the value of parameter 2.1.9 (Motor nominal current) this parameter is
automatically restored to the default value.

2.7.18 Underload time

This time can be set between 2.0 and Underload time counter
600.0 s.
This is the maximum time allowed for an Trip area
Par. 2.7.18
underload state to exist. An internal
up/down counter counts the accumulated Trip/warning
par. 2.7.15
underload time. If the underload counter
value goes above this limit the protection
will cause a trip according to parameter
2.7.15). If the drive is stopped the
underload counter is reset to zero. See
Time
Figure 1- 23.
Underload
No underl.
NX12k66

Figure 1- 23. Underload time counter function

2.7.19 Response to thermistor fault

0 = No response
1 = Warning
2 = Fault, stop mode after fault according to parameter 2.1.12
3 = Fault, stop mode after fault always by coasting

Setting the parameter to 0 will deactivate the protection.

2.7.20 Response to fieldbus fault

Set here the response mode for the fieldbus fault if a fieldbus board is used. For more
information, see the respective Fieldbus Board Manual.
See parameter 2.7.19.

2.7.21 Response to slot fault

Set here the response mode for a board slot fault due to missing or broken board.
See parameter 2.7.19.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 42

2.7.22 Actual value supervision function
0 = Not used
1 = Warning, if actual value falls below the limit set with par. 2.7.23
2 = Warning, if actual value exceeds the limit set with par. 2.7.23
3 = Fault, if actual value falls below the limit set with par. 2.7.23
4 = Fault, if actual value exceeds the limit set with par. 2.7.23

2.7.23 Actual value supervision limit

With this parameter you can set the limit of actual value supervised by par. 2.7.22

2.7.24 Actual value supervision delay

Set here the delay for the actual value supervision function (par. 2.7.22)
If this parameter is in use, the function of par. 2.7.22 will be active only when the actual
value stays outside the defined limit for the time determined by this parameter.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 43

4.8 AUTO RESTART PARAMETERS
The automatic restart function is active if the value of par. 2.1.21 = 1. There are always three restart
trials

2.8.1 Automatic restart: Wait time

Defines the time before the frequency converter tries to automatically restart the motor after
the fault has disappeared.

2.8.2 Automatic restart: Trial time

The Automatic restart function restarts the frequency converter when the faults have
disappeared and the waiting time has elapsed.

Wait time Wait time Wait time Wait time

Par. 2.8.1 Par. 2.8.1 Par. 2.8.1 Par. 2.8.1

Fault trigger

Motor stop signal

Restart 1 Restart 2 Restart 3

Motor start signal

Supervision Trial time

Par. 2.8.2

Fault active
RESET/
Fault reset
NX12k67

Parameter 2.1.21 = 1 (3 trials)

Figure 1- 24. Automatic restart.

The time count starts from the first autorestart. If the number of faults occurring during the
trial time exceeds three, the fault state becomes active. Otherwise the fault is cleared after
the trial time has elapsed and the next fault starts the trial time count again.
If a single fault remains during the trial time, a fault state is true.

2.8.3 Automatic restart, start function

The Start function for Automatic restart is selected with this parameter. The parameter
defines the start mode:

0 = Start with ramp

1 = Flying start
2 = Start according to par. 2.1.11

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 44

4.9 PID REFERENCE PARAMETERS

2.9.1 PID activation

With this parameter you can activate or deactivate the PID controller or activate the pump
and fan control parameters.
0 = PID controller deactivated
1 = PID controller activated
2 = Pump and fan control activated. Parameter group P2.10 becomes visible.

2.9.2 PID reference

Defines which frequency reference source is selected for the PID controller.
Default value is 2.
0= AI1 reference
1= AI2 reference
2= PID reference from the Keypad control page (Group K3, parameter P3.5)
3= Reference from the fieldbus (FBProcessDataIN1)

2.9.3 Actual value input

0 AI1
1 AI2
2 Fieldbus (Actual value 1: FBProcessDataIN2; Actual value 2: FBProcessDataIN3)
3 Motor torque
4 Motor speed
5 Motor current
6 Motor power

2.9.4 PID controller gain

This parameter defines the gain of the PID controller. If the value of the parameter is set to
100% a change of 10% in the error value causes the controller output to change by 10%.
If the parameter value is set to 0 the PID controller operates as ID-controller.
See examples below.

2.9.5 PID controller I-time

This parameter defines the integration time of the PID controller. If this parameter is set to
1,00 second a change of 10% in the error value causes the controller output to change by
10.00%/s. If the parameter value is set to 0.00 s the PID controller will operate as PD-
controller. See examples below.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 45

2.9.6 PID controller D-time
The parameter 2.9.5 defines the derivation time of the PID controller. If this parameter is set
to 1,00 second a change of 10% in the error value during 1.00 s causes the controller
output to change by 10.00%. If the parameter value is set to 0.00 s the PID controller will
operate as PI-controller.
See examples below.

Example 1:

In order to reduce the error value to zero, with the given values, the frequency converter
output behaves as follows:

Given values:
Par. 2.9.4, P = 0% PID max limit = 100.0%
Par. 2.9.5, I-time = 1.00 s PID min limit = 0.0%
Par. 2.9.6, D-time = 0.00 s Min freq. = 0 Hz
Error value (setpoint process value) = 10.00% Max freq. = 50 Hz

In this example, the PID controller operates practically as ID-controller only.

According to the given value of parameter 2.9.5 (I-time), the PID output increases by 5 Hz
(10% of the difference between the maximum and minimum frequency) every second until
the error value is 0.

Hz

PID output
Error value

10% I-Part=5 Hz/s

10% I-Part=5 Hz/s

10% I-Part=5 Hz/s

10% I-Part=5 Hz/s

Error=10% I-Part=5 Hz/s

1s t
NX12k70

Figure 1- 25. PID controller function as I-controller

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 46

 Example 2:
Given values:
Par. 2.9.4, P = 100% PID max limit = 100.0%
Par. 2.9.5, I-time = 1.00 s PID min limit = 0.0%
Par. 2.9.6, D-time = 1.00 s Min freq. = 0 Hz
Error value (setpoint process value) = 10% Max freq. = 50 Hz

As the power is switched on, the system detects the difference between the setpoint and
the actual process value and starts to either raise or decrease (in case the error value is
negative) the PID output according to the I-time. Once the difference between the setpoint
and the process value has been reduced to 0 the output is reduced by the amount
corresponding to the value of parameter 2.9.5.
In case the error value is negative, the frequency converter reacts reducing the output
correspondingly.

Hz

PID output
Error value
D-part

D-part
D-part

P-part=5 Hz Error=10%
Error= -10% P-part= -5 Hz t

NX12k69

Figure 1- 26. PID output curve with the values of Example 2

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 47

 Example 3:
Given values:

Par. 2.9.4, P = 100% PID max limit = 100.0%

Par. 2.9.5, I-time = 0.00 s PID min limit = 0.0%
Par. 2.9.6, D-time = 1.00 s Min freq. = 0 Hz
Error value (setpoint process value) = 10%/s Max freq. = 50 Hz

As the error value increases, also the PID output increases according to the set values (D-
time = 1.00s).

Hz
PID output
Error value

D-part=10%=5,00 Hz

D-part= -10%= -5,00 Hz

P-part=100% *PID error = 5,00Hz/s

10%

1,00 s NX12k72 t
Figure 1- 27. PID output with the values of Example 3.

2.9.7 Actual value 1 minimum scale

Sets the minimum scaling point for Actual value 1. See Figure 1- 28

2.9.8 Actual value 1 maximum scale

Sets the maximum scaling point for Actual value 1. See Figure 1- 28

Scaled
input signal [%]

100

Par. 2.9.7 = 30%

Par. 2.9.8 = 80%

Analogue
30 80 100 input [%]
0
0 3,0 8,0 10,0 V
0 6,0 16,0 20,0 mA
4 8,8 16,8 20,0 mA

Figure 1- 28. Example of actual value signal scaling

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2.9.9 PID error value inversion
This parameter allows you to invert the error value of the PID controller (and thus the
operation of the PID controller).
0 No inversion
1 Inverted

2.9.10 Sleep frequency

The frequency converter is stopped automatically if the frequency of the drive falls below
the Sleep level defined with this parameter for a time greater than that determined by
parameter 2.9.11. During the Stop state, the PID controller is operating switching the
frequency converter to Run state when the actual value signal either falls below or exceeds
(see par. 2.9.13) the Wake-up level determined by parameter 2.9.12. See Figure 1- 29

2.9.11 Sleep delay

The minimum amount of time the frequency has to remain below the Sleep level before the
frequency converter is stopped. See Figure 1- 29

2.9.12 Wake-up level

The wake-up level defines the frequency below which the actual value must fall or which
has to be exceeded before the Run state of the frequency converter is restored. See Figure
1- 29

2.9.13 Wake-up function

This parameter defines if the restoration of the Run state occurs when the actual value
signal falls below or exceeds the Wake-up level (par. 2.9.12).

Actual value

Wake up level (param. 2.9.12)

Time

Output frequency

t < param. 2.9.11 t < par 2.9.11

Sleep level
param. 2.9.10
Time

Start/Stop status of running

the var. speed drive
stop NX12k56

Figure 1- 29. Frequency converter sleep function

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 49

 Pa r. Description
va lue Function Lim it

The limit defined Actual value signal

0 Wake-up happens
when actual value with parameter
goes below the 2.9.12 is in 100%
limit percent
of the maximum
actual value
Par. 2.9.12=30%
time

Start
Stop

Actual value signal

1 Wake-up happens The limit defined
when actual value with parameter
exceeds the 2.9.12 is in 100%
limit percent
of the maximum Par. 2.9.12=60%
actual value

time

Start
Stop

Actual value signal

2 Wake up happens The limit defined
when actual value with parameter
goes below the 2.9.12 is in 100%
limit percent of the
current value of reference=50%
the reference
signal Par.2.9.12=60%
limit=60%* reference=30%

time

Start
Stop

Actual value signal

3 Wake up happens The limit defined

when actual value with parameter 100%
exceeds the 2.9.12 is in Par.2.9.12=140%
limit percent limit=140%* reference=70%
of the current value
reference=50%
of the reference
signal
time

Start
Stop

NXLk59.fh8

Figure 1- 30. Selectable wake-up functions

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4.10 PUMP AND FAN CONTROL
The Pump and Fan Control can be used to control one variable speed drive and up to 3 auxiliary drives.
The PID controller of the frequency converter controls the speed of the variable speed drive and gives
control signals to start and stop the auxiliary drives to control the total flow. In addition to the eight
parameter groups provided as standard, a parameter group for multi-pump and fan control functions is
available.
As already its name tells, the Pump and Fan Control is used to control the operation of pumps and fans.
The application utilizes external contactors for switching between the motors connected to the
frequency converter. The autochange feature provides the capability of changing the starting order of
the auxiliary drives.

4.10.1 Short description of PFC function and essential parameters

Automatic changing between drives (Autochange & Interlockings selection, P2.10.4)

The automatic change of starting and stopping order is activated and applied to either the auxiliary
drives only or the auxiliary drives and the drive controlled by the frequency converter depending on the
setting of parameter 2.10.4.

The Autochange function allows the starting and stopping order of drives controlled by the pump and
fan automatics to be changed at desired intervals. The drive controlled by frequency converter can also
be included in the automatic changing and locking sequence (par 2.10.4). The Autochange function
makes it possible to equalize the run times of the motors and to prevent e.g. pump stalls due to too long
running breaks.

Apply the Autochange function with parameter 2.10.4, Autochange.

The autochange takes place when the time set with parameter 2.10.5 Autochange interval, has
expired and the capacity used is below the level defined with parameter 2.10.7, Autochange
frequency limit.
The running drives are stopped and re-started according to the new order.
External contactors controlled through the relay outputs of the frequency converter connect the
drives to the frequency converter or to the mains. If the motor controlled by the frequency converter
is included in the autochange sequence, it is always controlled through the relay output activated
first. The other relays activated later control the auxiliary drives

This parameter is used to activate the interlock inputs (Values 3 & 4). The interlocking signals come
from the motor switches. The signals (functions) are connected to digital inputs which are programmed
as interlock inputs using the corresponding parameters. The pump and fan control automatics only
control the motors with active interlock data.

If the interlock of an auxiliary drive is inactivated and another unused auxiliary drive available, the
latter will be put to use without stopping the frequency converter.
If the interlock of the controlled drive is inactivated, all motors will be stopped and re-started with
the new set-up.
If the interlock is re-activated in Run status, the automatics will stop all motors immediately and re-
start with a new set-up. Example: [P1 P3] [P2 LOCKED] [STOP] [P1 P2 P3]
See Chapter 4.10.2, Examples.

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Parameter 2.10.5, Autochange interval
After the expiry of the time defined with this parameter, the autochange function takes place if the
capacity used lies below the level defined with parameters 2.10.7 (Autochange frequency limit) and
2.10.6 (Maximum number of auxiliary drives). Should the capacity exceed the value of par 2.10.7, the
autochange will not take place before the capacity goes below this limit.

The time count is activated only if the Start/Stop request is active.

The time count is reset after the autochange has taken place or on removal of Start request

Parameters 2.10.6, Maximum number of auxiliary drives and

2.10.7, Autochange frequency limit

These parameters define the level below which the capacity used must remain so that the autochange
can take place.

This level is defined as follows:

If the number of running auxiliary drives is smaller than the value of parameter 2.10.6 the
autochange function can take place.

If the number of running auxiliary drives is equal to the value of parameter 2.10.6 and the frequency
of the controlled drive is below the value of parameter 2.10.7 the autochange can take place.

If the value of parameter 2.10.7 is 0.0 Hz, the autochange can take place only in rest position (Stop
and Sleep) regardless of the value of parameter 2.10.6.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 52

4.10.2 Examples
PFC with interlocks and autochange between 3 pumps (OPT-AA or OPT-B5 option board required)
Situation: 1 controlled drive and 2 auxiliary drives.
Parameter settings: 2.10.1= 2

Interlock feedback signals used, autochange between all drives used.

Parameter settings: 2.10.4=4
DIN4 active (par.2.2.6=0)
The interlock feedback signals come from the digital inputs DIN4 (AI1), DIN2 & DIN3
selected with parameters 2.1.17, 2.1.18 and 2.2.4.
The control of pump 1 (par.2.3.1=17) is enabled through Interlock 1 (DIN2, 2.1.17=10), the
control of pump 2 (par.2.3.2=18) through Interlock 2 (DIN3, par. 2.1.18=13) and the control
of pump 3 (par.2.3.3=19) through Interlock 3 (DIN4)

Rx/Tx-
Rx/Tx+

Table 1- 17. Example of PFC-control I/O configuration with interlocks and

autochange between 3 pumps

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 53

 230 VAC

VACON NXL
24 VDC DIN2 DIN3 AI1
9
10V
6 8 10

NXOPTB5 22 25 28

23 26 29

A O Mains A O Mains A O Mains

S1 S2 S3

K3 K3 K1
K2 K3 K1 K3 K2 K1

K2 K1 K2

K1.1 K1 K2.1 K2 K3.1 K3

K1 K1.1 K2 K2.1 K3 K3.1

NX12k106.dsf

M1/Vacon M1/mains M2/Vacon M2/mains M3/Vacon M3/mains

Figure 1- 31. 3-pump autochange system, principal control diagram

PE
L1
L2
L3
F3 F1 F2 F2
Q1

L1 L2 L3
K1.1 K2.1 K3.1
VACON
U V W

K1 K2 K3

PE PE PE
NX12k104.ds4
U V W U V W U V W

M M M
M1 M2 M2
3 3 3

Figure 1- 32. Example of 3-pump autochange, main diagram

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 54

PFC with interlocks and autochange between 2 pumps (OPT-AA or OPT-B5 option board required
Situation: 1 controlled drive and 1 auxiliary drive.

Parameter settings: 2.10.1= 1

Interlock feedback signals used, autochange between pumps used.

Parameter settings: 2.10.4=4

The interlock feedback signals come from the digital input DIN2 (par. 2.1.17) and digital
input DIN3, (par. 2.1.18).
The control of pump 1 (par.2.3.1=17) is enabled through Interlock 1 (DIN2, P2.1.17), the
control of pump 2 (par.2.3.2=18) through Interlock 2 (par. 2.1.18=13)

Rx/Tx-
Rx/Tx+

Bus seriale
Rx/Tx-
Table 1- 18. Example of PFC-control I/O configuration with interlocks and
autochange between 2 pumps

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 55

 230 VAC

OPT-AA

22 VACON
DIN2 NXOPTA2 25 DIN3
24 VDC RO2
RO1 RO1
12 9 DIN2 DIN3 10
23 26

Autom. O Mains Autom. O Mains

S1 S2

K2 K1

K2 K1

K1.1 K1 K2.1 K2

K1 K1.1 K2 K2.1

NX12k105.dsf

M1/Vacon M1/mains M2/Vacon M2/mains

Figure 1- 33. 2-pump autochange system, principal control diagram

PE
L1
L2
L3
F3 F1 F2
Q1

L1 L2 L3
K1.1 K2.1
VACON
U V W

K1 K2

PE PE
NX12k107.ds4
U V W U V W

M M
M1 M2
3 3

Figure 1- 34. Example of 2-pump autochange, main diagram

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 56

4.10.3 Description of Pump and Fan control parameters

2.10.1 Number of auxiliary drives

With this parameter the number of auxiliary drives in use will be defined. The functions
controlling the auxiliary drives (parameters 2.10.4 to 2.10.7) can be programmed to relay
outputs.

2.10.2 Start delay of auxiliary drives

The frequency of the drive controlled by the frequency converter must remain above the
maximum frequency for the time defined with this parameter before the auxiliary drive is
started. The delay defined applies to all auxiliary drives. This prevents unnecessary starts
caused by momentary start limit exceedings..

2.10.3 Stop delay of auxiliary drives

The frequency of the drive controlled by the frequency converter must remain below the
minimum frequency for the time defined with this parameter before the drive is stopped. The
delay defined applies to all auxiliary drives. This prevents unnecessary stops caused by
momentary falls below the stop limit.

2.10.4 Automatic changing between drives

0= Not used
1= Autochange with aux pumps
The drive controlled by the frequency converter remains the same. Therefore, mains
contactor is needed for one auxiliary drive only.

Vacon

M M M
Motor aux.1 Motor aux.2

Figure 1- 35. Autochange applied to auxiliary drives only.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 57

 2= Autochange with frequency converter and auxiliary pumps
The drive controlled by the frequency converter is included in the automatics and a contactor is
needed for each drive to connect it to either the mains or the frequency converter

Vacon

auxiliary auxiliary
connection connection

NX12k97.fh8
Drive 1 M Drive 2 M

Figure 1- 36. Autochange with all drives

3= Autochange and interlocks (only auxiliary pumps)

The drive controlled by the frequency converter remains the same. Therefore, mains contactor is
needed for one auxiliary drive only. Interlocks for autochange outputs 1, 2, 3 (or DIE1,2,3) can be
selected with par. 2.1.17 and 2.1.18.

4= Autochange and interlocks ( Freq. conv & aux pumps )

The drive controlled by the frequency converter is included in the automatics and a contactor is
needed for each drive to connect it to either the mains or the frequency converter. DIN 1 is
automatically intelock for Autochange output 1. Interlocks for Autochange output 1, 2, 3 (or
DIE1,2,3) can be selected with par. 2.1.17 and 2.1.18.

2.10.5 Autochange interval

After the expiry of the time defined with this parameter, the autochange function takes place
if the capacity used lies below the level defined with parameters 2.10.7 (Autochange
frequency limit) and 2.10.6 (Maximum number of auxiliary drives). Should the capacity
exceed the value of P2.10.7, the autochange will not take place before the capacity goes
below this limit.

The time count is activated only if the Start/Stop request is active.

The time count is reset after the autochange has taken place or on removal of Start
request

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 58

2.10.6 Maximum number of auxiliary drives
2.10.7 Autochange frequency limit

These parameters define the level below which the capacity used must remain so that the
autochange can take place.

This level is defined as follows:

If the number of running auxiliary drives is smaller than the value of parameter 2.10.6
the autochange function can take place.

If the number of running auxiliary drives is equal to the value of parameter 2.10.6 and
the frequency of the controlled drive is below the value of parameter 2.10.7 the
autochange can take place.

If the value of parameter 2.10.7 is 0.0 Hz, the autochange can take place only in rest
position (Stop and Sleep) regardless of the value of parameter 2.10.6.

Output
frequency
Autochange moment
Par. 2.10.6 = 1
Max.number of
auxiliary drives

Par. 2.10.7
Autochange
level, frequency

Time

Par. 2.10.5 Par. 2.10.5

Autochange interval Autochange interval

Aux. drive 1
control

Aux. drive 2
control
NXLK56.fh8

Figure 1- 37. Autochange interval and limits

2.10.8 Start frequency, auxiliary drive 1

The frequency of the drive controlled by the frequency converter must exceed the limit
defined with these parameters with 1 Hz before the auxiliary drive is started. The 1 Hz
overdraft makes a hysteresis to avoid unnecessary starts and stops. See also parameters
2.1.1 and 2.1.2.

2.10.9 Stop frequency, auxiliary drive 1

The frequency of the drive controlled by the frequency converter must fall with 1Hz below
the limit defined with these parameters before the auxiliary drive is stopped. The stop
frequency limit also defines the frequency to which the frequency of the drive controlled by
the frequency converter is dropped after starting the auxiliary drive.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 59

4.11 KEYPAD CONTROL PARAMETERS

3.1 Control place

The active control place can be changed with this parameter. For more information, see
VFD-NXL Users Manual - code +030220721- User's Manual, Chapter 7.4. (Navigation on
the control keypad)

3.2 Keypad reference

The frequency reference can be adjusted from the keypad with this parameter. For more
information, see VFD-NXL Users Manual - code +030220721- User's Manual, Chapter 7.4.
(Navigation on the control keypad)

3.3 Keypad direction

0 Forward: The rotation of the motor is forward, when the keypad is the active control
place.
1 Reverse: The rotation of the motor is reversed, when the keypad is the active
control place.

For more information, see VFD-NXL Users Manual - code +030220721-, Chapter 7.4.
(Navigation on the control keypad)

3.4 Stop button activated

If you wish to make the Stop button a "hotspot" which always stops the drive regardless of
the selected control place, give this parameter the value 1 (default). See VFD-NXL Users
Manual - code +030220721-, Chapter 7.4. (Navigation on the control keypad)

See also parameter 3.1.

3.5 PID reference 1

The PID controller keypad reference can be set between 0% and 100%. This reference
value is the active PID reference if parameter 2.9.2 = 2.

3.6 PID reference 2

The PID controller keypad reference 2 can be set between 0% and 100%. This reference is
active if the DIN# function=12 and the DIN# contact is closed.

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 60

 5. CONTROL SIGNAL LOGIC

Figure 1- 38. Control signal logic

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 61

cod. +030220726 rel. 1.2 21/12/09 62
 Cod.: +030220726 Rel. 1.2 - 21/12/09

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