Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 79 views

    Pronunciation PDF

    Uploaded by

    Rakesh Yadav

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Pronunciation PDF

    Uploaded by

    Rakesh Yadav
    79 views3 pages

    Original Title

    pronunciation.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    79 views3 pages

    Pronunciation PDF

    Uploaded by

    Rakesh Yadav

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Pronouncing the Devanagari Alphabet

    The Five Mouth Positions

    1. Guttural
    2. Palatal
    3. Cerebral
    4. Dental
    5. Labial

    Simple Vowels ~ positions 1, 2, 5


    Position 1 Position 2
    short long short long
    [one beat] [two beats]

    cola father kin elite

    Position 5
    short long

    put truth

    Diphthongs ~ vowel sounds produced by gliding from one position to another


    Position 1 to 2 Position 1 to 5

    state write so cow

    Simple Vowels ~ positions 3, 4


    Position 3 Position 4
    short long short long
    [rare usage] [rare usage] [very rare usage]

    similar to trick similar to tree similar to slip similar to sleet


    Modifiers

    ~ nasalizes the vowel


    The is a dot above a Devanagari letter that represents the “closing” or nasalization of the vowel sound.
    When found at the end of a word, this results in a final “m” sound. When found within a word, the sound used
    is that of the nasal consonant at the position of the letter that follows the mark.

    The can be transliterated as or as the appropriate nasal consonant: depending


    upon the mouth position of the following consonant.

    Examples: or or

    ~ adds a breath after the vowel Adds an extra breath that emphasizes the
    preceding vowel, pronounce as “huh” or “hih”

    Examples:

    Consonants
    To experience the difference between the aspirated and unaspirated consonants: position a hand about two or three
    inches from the face with the palm facing the mouth ~ the breath should be felt on the palm when an aspirated
    consonant is spoken and not felt when an unaspirated consonant is spoken.

    Hard Soft

    Unaspirated Aspirated Unaspirated Aspirated Nasal

    Position 1
    Gutteral
    kite elkhorn goat doghouse bongo

    Position 2
    Palatal
    chart church hall jump hedgehog inch

    Position 3
    Cerebral
    art warthog guard hardhat bond

    Position 4
    Dental
    test anthill den madhouse nine

    Position 5
    Labial
    pat tophat bat abhor map
    Semivowels ~ consonants that are produced by combining vowel sounds
    Position 2 to 1 Position 3 to 1 Position 4 to 1 Position 5 to 1

    yes run let verse

    Sibilants ~ consonants that are produced with a hissing sound by allowing air to pass
    through a small space created by the tongue at each of three mouth positions.
    Position 2 Position 3 Position 4

    lakeshore earshot set

    Aspirate ~ sound is produced in the throat at Position 1 and then pushed out the lips
    at Position 5.

    have

    © Shalini Bosbyshell, 2006


    www.shalinibosbyshell.com

    You might also like