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    P Delta Effect

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    Manjari Arasada
    P-Delta effect is also known as geometric nonlinearity, involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration.

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    P Delta Effect

    Uploaded by

    Manjari Arasada
    90 views2 pages
    P-Delta effect is also known as geometric nonlinearity, involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration.

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    p Delta Effect

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    P-Delta effect is also known as geometric nonlinearity, involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    90 views2 pages

    P Delta Effect

    Uploaded by

    Manjari Arasada
    P-Delta effect is also known as geometric nonlinearity, involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    P-Delta effect:

    This effect is also known as geometric nonlinearity, involves the equilibrium


    and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected
    configuration. Of particular concern is the application of gravity load on
    laterally displaced multi-story building structures. This condition magnifies
    story drift and certain mechanical behaviours while reducing deformation
    capacity.

    P-Delta effect typically involves large external forces upon relatively small
    displacements. If deformations become sufficiently large as to break from linear
    compatibility relationships, then Large-Displacement and Large-Deformation
    analyses become necessary. The two sources of P-Delta effect are illustrated in
    Figure 1, and described as follows:

     P-δ effect, or P-"small-delta", is associated with local deformation


    relative to the element chord between end nodes. Typically, P-δ only
    becomes significant at unreasonably large displacement values, or in
    especially slender columns. So long as a structure adheres to the
    slenderness requirements pertinent to earthquake engineering, it is not
    advisable to model P-δ, since it may significantly increase computational
    time without providing the benefit of useful information. An easier way to
    capture this behaviour is to subdivide critical elements into multiple
    segments, transferring behaviour into P-Δ effect (Powell 2006).

     P-Δ effect, or P-"big-delta", is associated with displacements relative to


    member ends. Unlike P-δ, this type of P-Delta effect is critical to
    nonlinear modelling and analysis. As indicated intuitively by Figure 2,
    gravity loading will influence structural response under significant lateral
    displacement. P-Δ may contribute to loss of lateral resistance, ratcheting
    of residual deformations, and dynamic instability. As shown in Figure 3,
    effective lateral stiffness decreases, reducing strength capacity in all
    phases of the force-deformation relationship (PEER/ATC 2010). To
    consider P-Δ effect directly, gravity load should be present during
    nonlinear analysis. Application will cause minimal increase to
    computational time, and will remain accurate for drift levels up to 10%

    The two primary means for including P-Delta effect in nonlinear analysis
    include:

    1. For each load combination, create a nonlinear analysis case which


    includes the P-Delta geometric-nonlinearity parameter.

    2. For the gravity loads anticipated, create an Initial P-Delta Analysis case
    which includes the P-Delta geometric-nonlinearity parameter, then
    consider all other analyses as linear while using the stiffness matrix
    developed for this one set of P-Delta loads.

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