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    P Delta Effect

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    Ivan Klyuchka
    The document discusses the P-Delta effect, which involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration. P-Delta effect magnifies story drift, reduces deformation capacity, and typically involves large external forces upon small displacements. There are two sources of P-Delta effect: P- effect relates to local element deformation, while P- effect relates to displacements at member ends and is critical to nonlinear modeling and analysis as it influences structural response under significant lateral displacement. To properly model P-Delta effect, gravity loads should be included during nonlinear analysis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    P Delta Effect

    Uploaded by

    Ivan Klyuchka
    327 views2 pages
    The document discusses the P-Delta effect, which involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration. P-Delta effect magnifies story drift, reduces deformation capacity, and typically involves large external forces upon small displacements. There are two sources of P-Delta effect: P- effect relates to local element deformation, while P- effect relates to displacements at member ends and is critical to nonlinear modeling and analysis as it influences structural response under significant lateral displacement. To properly model P-Delta effect, gravity loads should be included during nonlinear analysis.

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    P Delta Effect

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    The document discusses the P-Delta effect, which involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration. P-Delta effect magnifies story drift, reduces deformation capacity, and typically involves large external forces upon small displacements. There are two sources of P-Delta effect: P- effect relates to local element deformation, while P- effect relates to displacements at member ends and is critical to nonlinear modeling and analysis as it influences structural response under significant lateral displacement. To properly model P-Delta effect, gravity loads should be included during nonlinear analysis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    327 views2 pages

    P Delta Effect

    Uploaded by

    Ivan Klyuchka
    The document discusses the P-Delta effect, which involves the equilibrium and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected configuration. P-Delta effect magnifies story drift, reduces deformation capacity, and typically involves large external forces upon small displacements. There are two sources of P-Delta effect: P- effect relates to local element deformation, while P- effect relates to displacements at member ends and is critical to nonlinear modeling and analysis as it influences structural response under significant lateral displacement. To properly model P-Delta effect, gravity loads should be included during nonlinear analysis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    P-Delta effect

    P-Delta effect, also known as geometric nonlinearity, involves the equilibrium


    and compatibility relationships of a structural system loaded about its deflected
    configuration. Of particular concern is the application of gravity load on laterally
    displaced multi-story building structures. This condition magnifies story drift and
    certain mechanical behaviors while reducing deformation capacity.
    P-Delta effect typically involves large external forces upon relatively small
    displacements. If deformations become sufficiently large as to break from linear
    compatibility relationships, then Large-Displacement and Large-Deformation
    analyses become necessary. The two sources of P-Delta effect are illustrated
    in Figure 1, and described as follows:
    P- effect, or P-"small-delta", is associated with local deformation
    relative to the element chord between end nodes. Typically, P- only
    becomes significant at unreasonably large displacement values, or in
    especially slender columns. So long as a structure adheres to the
    slenderness requirements pertinent to earthquake engineering, it is not
    advisable to model P-, since it may significantly increase computational
    time without providing the benefit of useful information. An easier way
    to capture this behavior is to subdivide critical elements into multiple
    segments, transferring behavior into P- effect (Powell 2006).
    P- effect, or P-"big-delta", is associated with displacements relative to member ends. Unlike P-, this type of P-Delta effect is critical to
    nonlinear modeling and analysis. As indicated intuitively by Figure 2, gravity loading will influence structural response under significant
    lateral displacement. P- may contribute to loss of lateral resistance, ratcheting of residual deformations, and dynamic instability (Deierlein
    et al. 2010). As shown in Figure 3, effective lateral stiffness decreases, reducing strength capacity in all phases of the force-deformation
    relationship (PEER/ATC 2010). To consider P- effect directly, gravity load should be present during nonlinear analysis. Application will
    cause minimal increase to computational time, and will remain accurate for drift levels up to 10% (Powell 2006).
    The Difference between P-Delta article further explains the difference between P- and P-.

    Articles
    No tutorials were found.

    Test Problems
    Title

    Description

    Program

    Interpreting buckling analysis results for


    different initial conditions

    Buckling analysis may begin with either zero


    initial conditions or the stiffness taken from
    the end of a nonlinear load case. This test
    problem compares the associated output.

    SAP2000

    P-Delta effect for a cantilevered column

    Calculation and verification of the P-Delta


    effects of a cantilevered column.

    SAP2000

    See Also
    Buckling section

    References
    Powell, G. H. (2010). Modeling for Structural Analysis: Behavior and Basics (1st ed.). Berkeley, CA: Computers and Structures, Inc.
    Available for purchase on the CSI Products >
    Books
    page
    Deierlein, G. G., Reinhorn, A. M., and Willford, M. R. (2010). Nonlinear Structural Analysis For Seismic Design, NEHRP Seismic Design
    Technical Brief No. 4., NIST GCR 10-917-5. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    PEER/ATC (2010). Modeling and acceptance criteria for seismic design and analysis of tall buildings, PEER/ATC 72-1 Report. Redwood
    City, CA: Applied Technology Council.

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