Exercises August 14, 2019

1.
The diagram to the right shows a 2 kg block attached to a Hookean spring on a

frictionless surface. The block experiences no net force when it is at position B. When the
block is to the left of point B the spring pushes it to the right. When the block is to the
right of point B, the spring pulls it to the left. The mass is pulled to the left from point B
to point A and released at time t = 0. The block then oscillates between positions A and
C. Assume that the system consists of the block and the spring and that no dissipative
forces act.
a) The block takes 40.0 s to make 20 oscillations. What is the “period of oscillation” for this
system?
b) What is the frequency of this oscillating system?
c) What is the amplitude of vibration of this system?
d) Determine the spring constant of the spring.
e) Write an equation that describes the position of the mass as a function of time, starting from
position A at time t =0.
f) Explain what would happen to the period and frequency of this system if you were to double
the amplitude while keeping the mass and spring constant the same.
g) Explain what would happen to the period and frequency of this system if you were to double
the mass while keeping the amplitude and spring constant the same.
h) Explain what would happen to the period and frequency of this system if you were to double
the spring constant while keeping the amplitude and mass constant.
2. A 1.50 kg mass on a spring has displacement as a function of time given by the equation
X(t) = (7.40 cm) cos (4.16 rad/s) (2.42s)
Find the following:
a. The time for one complete vibration
b. The force constant of the spring
c. The maximum speed of the mass
3. The point of the needle of a sewing machine moves in SHM along the x-axis with a frequency
of 2.5 Hz. At t = 0 its position and velocity components are +1.1 cm and -15 cm/s, respectively.
Find the acceleration component of the needle at t=0.
4. A 0.400 kg object undergoing SHM has ax = -2.70 m/s2 when x = 0.300 m. What is the time
for one oscillation?
5. A 1.75−kg particle moves as function of time as follows:
x = 4cos(1.33t+π/5) where distance is measured in metres and time in seconds.
(a) What is the amplitude, frequency, angular frequency, and period of this motion?
(b) What is the equation of the velocity of this particle?
(c) What is the equation of the acceleration of this particle?
(d) What is the spring constant?
(e) At what next time t > 0, will the object be: i. at equilibrium and moving to the right, ii. at
equilibrium and moving to the left, iii. at maximum amplitude, and iv. at minimum amplitude.
6. This procedure has been actually used to “weigh” astronauts in space. A 42.5 kg chair is
attached to a spring and allowed to oscillate. When it is empty, the chair takes 1.30 s to make one
complete vibration. But with an astronaut sitting in it, the chair takes 2.54 s for one cycle. What
is the mass of the astronaut?
ENERGY IN SINGLE HARMONIC MOTION

6. A small block is attached to an ideal spring and is moving in SHM on a horizontal,
frictionless surface. The amplitude of the motion is 0.120 m. The maximum speed of the block is
3.90 m/s. What is the maximum magnitude of the acceleration of the block?
7. A tuning fork labeled 392 Hz has the tip of each of its two prongs vibrating with an amplitude
of 0.600 mm. (a) What is the maximum speed of the tip of the prong? (b) A housefly (Musca
domestica) with mass 0.0270 g is holding onto the tip of one of the prongs. As the prong
vibrates, what is the fly’s maximum kinetic energy? Assume that the fly’s mass has a negligible
effect on the frequency of oscillation.
8. A 0.500 kg glider, attached to the end of an ideal spring with force constant k = 450 N/m,
undergoes SHM with an amplitude of 0.040 m. Compute the (a) maximum speed of the glider;
(b) the speed of the glider when it is at x = -0.015 m; (c) the magnitude of the maximum
acceleration of the glider; (d) the acceleration of the glider at x = -0.015 m; (e) the total
mechanical energy of the glider at any point in its motion.

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1.

The diagram to the right shows a 2 kg block attached to a Hookean spring on a

ENERGY IN SINGLE HARMONIC MOTION

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