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    Power System Protection

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    Siam Hasan
    The document discusses power system protection and switchgear. It provides information on fault effects, protection schemes using current and potential transformers connected to a relay to control a circuit breaker. It defines switchgear as equipment used for switching and protection, including switches, fuses, circuit breakers, and associated equipment. Fuses and circuit breakers are described as common switching devices, with details provided on fuse construction and ratings and the typical components and operation of a circuit breaker.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Power System Protection

    Uploaded by

    Siam Hasan
    70 views14 pages
    The document discusses power system protection and switchgear. It provides information on fault effects, protection schemes using current and potential transformers connected to a relay to control a circuit breaker. It defines switchgear as equipment used for switching and protection, including switches, fuses, circuit breakers, and associated equipment. Fuses and circuit breakers are described as common switching devices, with details provided on fuse construction and ratings and the typical components and operation of a circuit breaker.

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    The document discusses power system protection and switchgear. It provides information on fault effects, protection schemes using current and potential transformers connected to a relay to control a circuit breaker. It defines switchgear as equipment used for switching and protection, including switches, fuses, circuit breakers, and associated equipment. Fuses and circuit breakers are described as common switching devices, with details provided on fuse construction and ratings and the typical components and operation of a circuit breaker.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    70 views14 pages

    Power System Protection

    Uploaded by

    Siam Hasan
    The document discusses power system protection and switchgear. It provides information on fault effects, protection schemes using current and potential transformers connected to a relay to control a circuit breaker. It defines switchgear as equipment used for switching and protection, including switches, fuses, circuit breakers, and associated equipment. Fuses and circuit breakers are described as common switching devices, with details provided on fuse construction and ratings and the typical components and operation of a circuit breaker.

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    Power System Protection

    Lecture 1

    M.S.Muhit 1
    Fault effect!

    M.S.Muhit 2
    3 phase diagram of protection scheme
    CTs CB

    Protected
    Control Equipment

    Relay

    VTs

    M.S.Muhit 3
    Switchgear
    • It is a general term covering a wide range of equipment
    concerned with switching and protection. All equipment
    associated with fault clearing process is covered by the
    term switchgear. Switchgear includes Switches, Fuses,
    Circuit Breaker (CB), Isolator, Control Panels, Lightning
    Arrestor, Current Transformer (CT), Potential Transformer
    (PT), and various associated equipment.

    • Switchgear is necessary at every switching in a power


    system. Between the generating station and final load
    point, there are several voltages and fault levels. Hence in
    various application, the requirement of the switchgear vary
    depending upon the location, rating and local requirement

    M.S.Muhit 4
    Switchgear

    M.S.Muhit 5
    Switchgear

    M.S.Muhit 6
    Switchgear

    M.S.Muhit 7
    Control gear
    • It is used for switching and controlling power
    consuming devices. It is a form of switching
    device capable of making and breaking the
    current in one or more electric circuit such as
    contactor, CB, switches, thyristor.

    M.S.Muhit 8
    Fuse
    • Fuse is the simplest and cheapest current interrupting
    device for protection of the electrical devices from
    excessive currents. So it can be used for overload and /or
    short circuit protection.
    • Metals those are used for making fuse includes: tin, zinc,
    silver, antimony, copper, aluminium, and some other
    alloys.
    • Minimum fusing current: current at which fuse melts
    • Current rating: normal operating current

    M.S.Muhit 9
    Fuse

    Drop out Fuse


    Semi-enclosed/Re-wire able Fuse
    Totally Enclosed/cartridge Fuse

    HRC ( High Rupturing capacity) cartridge Fuse


    M.S.Muhit 10
    HRC Fuse
    Advantages:
    Capable of clearing high as well as low current.
    Do not deteriorate with high speed.
    Quite reliable and selective
    Consistent in performance
    Cheap and less maintenance

    Disadvantage:
    Must be replaced after each operation
    Produce high heating of adjacent contacts

    M.S.Muhit 11
    Circuit Breaker
    It is a device capable of making and breaking an electric circuit
    under normal and abnormal conditions such as short circuits.

    It has two basic functions:


    •Switching during normal operating conditions for
    operation and maintenance.
    •Switching during abnormal condition for interrupting
    the fault current caused by short circuits.

    M.S.Muhit 12
    Typical components of CB
    1. Actuator lever - used to manually trip and reset
    the circuit breaker. Also indicates the status of the
    circuit breaker (On or Off/tripped). Most breakers
    are designed so they can still trip even if the lever
    is held or locked in the "on" position. This is
    sometimes referred to as "free trip" or "positive
    trip" operation.
    2. Actuator mechanism - forces the contacts
    together or apart.
    3. Contacts - Allow current when touching and break
    the current when moved apart.
    4. Terminals
    5. Bimetallic strip.
    6. Calibration screw - allows the manufacturer to
    precisely adjust the trip current of the device
    after assembly.
    7. Solenoid
    8. Arc divider/extinguisher
    M.S.Muhit 13
    Sequence of operation

    M.S.Muhit 14

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