VAmp 265 PDF
VAmp 265 PDF
VAmp 265 PDF
User manual
2 V265/EN M/A012
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1. General .................................................................................... 7
1.1. Relay features .................................................................... 7
1.2. User interface..................................................................... 8
1.3. Operating Safety ................................................................ 8
2. Local panel user interface ..................................................... 9
2.1. Relay front panel ................................................................ 9
2.1.1. Display ..................................................................... 10
2.1.2. Menu navigation and pointers .................................. 11
2.1.3. Keypad..................................................................... 11
2.1.4. Operation Indicators................................................. 12
2.1.5. Adjusting display contrast ........................................ 13
2.2. Local panel operations ..................................................... 14
2.2.1. Navigating in menus ................................................ 14
2.2.2. Menu structure of protection functions ..................... 17
2.2.3. Setting groups .......................................................... 21
2.2.4. Fault logs ................................................................. 22
2.2.5. Operating levels ....................................................... 23
2.3. Operating measures......................................................... 25
2.3.1. Control functions ...................................................... 25
2.3.2. Measured data ......................................................... 26
2.3.3. Reading event register ............................................. 28
2.3.4. Forced control (Force) ............................................. 29
2.4. Configuration and parameter setting ................................ 30
2.4.1. Parameter setting..................................................... 31
2.4.2. Setting range limits .................................................. 32
2.4.3. Disturbance recorder menu DR ............................... 33
2.4.4. Configuring digital inputs DI ..................................... 33
2.4.5. Configuring digital outputs DO ................................. 34
2.4.6. Protection menu Prot ............................................... 34
2.4.7. Configuration menu CONF ...................................... 35
2.4.8. Protocol menu Bus................................................... 37
2.4.9. Single line diagram editing ....................................... 40
2.4.10. Blocking and interlocking configuration .................... 40
3. VAMPSET PC software ........................................................ 41
4. Introduction .......................................................................... 42
4.1. Main features ................................................................... 43
4.2. Principles of numerical protection techniques .................. 44
5. Protection functions ............................................................ 46
5.1. Maximum number of protection stages in one application46
5.2. List of protection functions ............................................... 46
5.3. General features of protection stages .............................. 47
5.4. Differential overcurrent protection ΔI> (87) ...................... 51
5.5. Overcurrent protection I> (50/51) ..................................... 56
5.6. Current unbalance protection I2>, I‟2> (46) ....................... 61
5.7. Earth fault protection I0> (50N/51N) ................................. 64
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
6 V265/EN M/A012
1 General 1.1 Relay features
1. General
Chapter 1-3 of the publication contains general descriptions of the
functions, of the differential protection relay as well as operation
instructions. It also includes instructions for parameterization and
configuration of the relay and instructions for changing settings.
Chapter 4-16 of the publication includes detailed protection
function descriptions as well as application examples and
technical data sheets.
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1.2 User interface 1 General
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2 Local panel user interface 2.1 Relay front panel
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2.1 Relay front panel 2 Local panel user interface
2.1.1. Display
The relay is provided with a backlightedt 128x64 LCD dot matrix
display. The display enables showing 21 characters in one row
and eight rows at the same time. The display has two different
purposes: one is to show the single line diagram of the relay with
the object status, measurement values, identification etc. (Figure
2.1.1-1). The other purpose is to show the configuration and
parameterization values of the relay (Figure 2.1.1-2).
10 V265/EN M/A012
2 Local panel user interface 2.1 Relay front panel
Backlight control
Display backlight can be switched on with a digital input, virtual
input or virtual output. LOCALPANEL CONF/Display backlight
ctrl setting is used for selecting trigger input for backlight control.
When the selected input activates (rising edge), display backlight
is set on for 60 minutes.
2.1.3. Keypad
You can navigate in the menu and set the required parameter
values using the keypad and the guidance given in the display.
Furthermore, the keypad is used to control objects and switches
on the single line diagram display. The keypad is composed of
four arrow keys, one cancel key, one enter key and one info key.
2. Cancel key ( )
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2.1 Relay front panel 2 Local panel user interface
NOTE! The term, which is used for the buttons in this manual, is inside the
brackets.
12 V265/EN M/A012
2 Local panel user interface 2.1 Relay front panel
The latched indicators and relays can also be reset via a remote
communication bus or via a digital input configured for that
purpose.
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2.2 Local panel operations 2 Local panel user interface
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2 Local panel user interface 2.2 Local panel operations
Figure 2.2.1-2. Principles of the menu structure and navigation in the menus
Main menu
The general menu structure is shown in Figure 2.2.1-2. The menu
is dependent on the user‟s configuration and the options according
the order code. For example only the enabled protection stages
will appear in the menu.
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2.2 Local panel operations 2 Local panel user interface
16 V265/EN M/A012
2 Local panel user interface 2.2 Local panel operations
Notes
1 Configuration is done with VAMPSET
2 Recording files are read with VAMPSET
3 The menu is visible only if protocol "ExternalIO" is selected for one of the serial
ports. Serial ports are configured in menu "Bus".
4 The menu is visible only if the stage is enabled.
5 Objects are circuit breakers, disconnectors etc.. Their position or status can be
displayed and controlled in the interactive mimic display.
6 There are two extra menus, which are visible only if the access level "operator"
or "configurator" has been opened with the corresponding password.
7 Detailed protocol configuration is done with VAMPSET.
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2.2 Local panel operations 2 Local panel user interface
This is the status, start and trip counter and setting group menu.
The content is:
Status –
The stage is not detecting any fault at the moment. The stage
can also be forced to pick-up or trip if the operating level is
"Configurator" and the force flag below is on. Operating levels
are explained in chapter 2.2.5.
SCntr 5
The stage has picked-up a fault five times since the last reset
of restart. This value can be cleared if the operating level is at
least "Operator".
TCntr 1
The stage has tripped two times since the last reset of restart.
This value can be cleared if the operating level is at least
"Operator".
SetGrp 1
The active setting group is one. This value can be edited if the
operating level is at least “Operator”. Setting groups are
explained in chapter 2.2.3.
SGrpDI -
The setting group is not controlled by any digital input. This
value can be edited if the operating level is at least
“Configurator”.
Force Off
The status forcing and output relay forcing is disabled. This
force flag status can be set to “On” or back to “Off” if the
operating level is at least “Configurator”. If no front panel
button is pressed within five minutes and there is no
VAMPSET communication, the force flag will be set to “Off”
position. The forcing is explained in chapter 2.3.4.
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2 Local panel user interface 2.2 Local panel operations
Figure 2.2.2-2. Second menu (next on the right) of I>> 50/51 stage
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2.2 Local panel operations 2 Local panel user interface
Figure 2.2.2-3. Third and last menu (next on the right) of I>> 50/51 stage
This is the menu for registered values by the I>> stage. Fault logs
are explained in chapter 2.2.4.
FAULT LOG 1
This is the latest of the eight available logs. You may move
between the logs by pressing push and then or .
2006-09-14
Date of the log.
12:25:10.288
Time of the log.
Type 1-2
The overcurrent fault has been detected in phases L1 and L2
(A & B, red & yellow, R&S, u&v).
Flt 2.86xIn
The fault current has been 2.86 per unit.
Load 0.99xIn
The average load current before the fault has been 0.99 pu.
EDly 81%
The elapsed operation delay has been 81% of the setting 0.60
s = 0.49 s. Any registered elapsed delay less than 100 %
means that the stage has not tripped, because the fault
duration has been shorter than the delay setting.
SetGrp 1
The setting group has been 1. This line can be reached by
pressing and several times .
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2 Local panel user interface 2.2 Local panel operations
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2.2 Local panel operations 2 Local panel user interface
To see the values of, for example, log two, press to select the
current log (log one). The current log number is then indicated in
the down-left corner of the display (See Figure 2.2.4-2, Log2 = log
two). The log two is selected by pressing once.
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2 Local panel user interface 2.2 Local panel operations
USER level
Use: Possible to read e.g. parameter values,
measurements and events
Opening: Level permanently open
Closing: Closing not possible
OPERATOR level
Use: Possible to control objects and to change e.g.
the settings of the protection stages
Opening: Default password is 1
Setting state:
Push
Closing: The level is automatically closed after 10
minutes idle time. Giving the password 9999 can
also close the level.
CONFIGURATOR level
Use: The configurator level is needed during the
commissioning of the relay. E.g. the scaling of
the voltage and current transformers can be set.
Opening: Default password is 2
Setting state:
Push
Closing: The level is automatically closed after 10
minutes idle time. Giving the password 9999 can
also close the level.
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2.2 Local panel operations 2 Local panel user interface
Opening access
3. Push .
Password handling
The passwords can only be changed using VAMPSET software
connected to the local RS-232 port on the relay.
It is possible to restore the password(s) in case the password is
lost or forgotten. In order to restore the password(s), a relay
program is needed. The serial port settings are 38400 bps, 8 data
bits, no parity and one stop bit. The bit rate is configurable via the
front panel.
Command Description
get pwd_break Get the break code (Example:
6569403)
get serno Get the serial number of the relay
(Example: 12345)
Send both the numbers to your nearest Schneider Electric
Customer Care Centre and ask for a password break. A device
specific break code is sent back to you. That code will be valid for
the next two weeks.
Command Description
set pwd_break=4435876 Restore the factory default
passwords (“4435876” is just an
example. The actual code should be
asked from your nearest Schneider
Electric Customer Care Centre.)
Now the passwords are restored to the default values (See
chapter 2.2.5).
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2 Local panel user interface 2.3 Operating measures
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2.3 Operating measures 2 Local panel user interface
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2 Local panel user interface 2.3 Operating measures
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2.3 Operating measures 2 Local panel user interface
1. Push once.
2. The EVENT LIST appears. The display contains a list of all
the events that have been configured to be included in the
event register.
It is possible to set the order in which the events are sorted. If the
“Order” -parameter is set to “New-Old”, then the first event in the
EVENT LIST is the most recent event.
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2 Local panel user interface 2.3 Operating measures
3. Push .
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2.4 Configuration and parameter 2 Local panel user interface
setting
30 V265/EN M/A012
2 Local panel user interface 2.4 Configuration and parameter
setting
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2.4 Configuration and parameter 2 Local panel user interface
setting
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2 Local panel user interface 2.4 Configuration and parameter
setting
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2.4 Configuration and parameter 2 Local panel user interface
setting
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2 Local panel user interface 2.4 Configuration and parameter
setting
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2.4 Configuration and parameter 2 Local panel user interface
setting
TRANSFORMER SETTING
Rated voltage in IL side (typically high voltage side)
Rated voltage in I‟L side (typically low voltage side)
Rated power of transformer
Connection group of transformer
Zero current compensation in IL side (If transformer is earthed
in IL side, this must set as “ON”)
Zero current compensation in I‟L side (If transformer is earthed
in I‟L side, this must set as “ON”)
Connection group of the unit transformer, if any. IEC marking
with capital letters Y and D for HV side and small case letters y
and d for LV side combined with the dial hour is used. For
example Yd11 means a wye-delta transformer where the delta
side phase-to-ground voltages are leading 30 the wye side
phase-to-ground voltages.
DEVICE INFO
Relay type (Type VAMP 265)
Serial number (SerN)
Software version (PrgVer)
Bootcode version (BootVer)
DATE/TIME SETUP
Day, month and year (Date)
Time of day (Time)
Date format (Style). The choices are "yyyy-mm-dd",
"dd.nn.yyyy" and "mm/dd/yyyy".
CLOCK SYNCHRONISATION
Digital input for minute sync pulse (SyncDI). If any digital input
is not used for synchronization, select "".
Daylight saving time for NTP synchronization (DST).
Detected source of synchronization (SyScr).
Synchronization message counter (MsgCnt).
Latest synchronization deviation (Dev).
The following parameters are visible only when the access level is
higher than "User".
Offset, i.e. constant error, of the synchronization source
(SyOS).
Auto adjust interval (AAIntv).
Average drift direction (AvDrft): "Lead" or "lag".
Average synchronization deviation (FilDev).
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2 Local panel user interface 2.4 Configuration and parameter
setting
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2.4 Configuration and parameter 2 Local panel user interface
setting
38 V265/EN M/A012
2 Local panel user interface 2.4 Configuration and parameter
setting
SPA BUS
Several instances of this protocol are possible.
SPABUS addres for this device [Addr]. This address has to be
unique within the system.
Bit rate [bit/s]. Default is "9600".
Event numbering style [Emode]. Default is "Channel".
For details see the technical description part of the manual.
IEC 60870-5-101
Bit rate [bit/s]. Default is “9600”.
[Parity].
Link layer address for this device [LLAddr].
ASDU address [ALAddr].
For details see the technical description part of the manual.
IEC 60870-5-103
Only one instance of this protocol is possible.
Address for this device [Addr]. This address has to be unique
within the system.
Bit rate [bit/s]. Default is "9600".
Minimum measurement response interval [MeasInt].
ASDU6 response time mode [SyncRe].
For details see the technical description part of the manual.
IEC 103 DISTURBANCE RECORDINGS
For details see the technical description part of the manual.
PROFIBUS
Only one instance of this protocol is possible.
[Mode]
Bit rate [bit/s]. Use 2400 bps. This parameter is the bit rate
between the main CPU and the Profibus ASIC. The actual
Profibus bit rate is automatically set by the Profibus master and
can be up to 12 Mbit/s.
Event numbering style [Emode].
Size of the Profibus Tx buffer [InBuf].
Size of the Profibus Rx buffer [OutBuf].
When configuring the Profibus master system, the length of
these buffers are needed. The size of the both buffers is set
indirectly when configuring the data items for Profibus.
Address for this slave device [Addr]. This address has to be
unique within the system.
Profibus converter type [Conv]. If the shown type is a dash “-“,
either Profibus protocol has not been selected or the device
has not restarted after protocol change or there is a
communication problem between the main CPU and the
Profibus ASIC.
For details see the technical description part of the manual.
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2.4 Configuration and parameter 2 Local panel user interface
setting
DNP3
Only one instance of this protocol is possible.
Bit rate [bit/s]. Default is "9600".
[Parity].
Addres for this device [SlvAddr]. This address has to be unique
within the system.
Master's addres [MstrAddr].
For further details see the technical description part of the manual.
40 V265/EN M/A012
3 VAMPSET PC software
3. VAMPSET PC software
The PC user interface can be used for:
On-site parameterization of the relay
Loading relay software from a computer
Reading measured values, registered values and events to a
computer.
Continuous monitoring of all values and events.
V265/EN M/A012 41
4 Introduction
4. Introduction
The numerical VAMP differential protection include all the
essential protection functions needed to protect transformers for
distribution networks of utilities, industry, power plants and
offshore applications as well as motor and generator differential
protection. Further, the device includes several programmable
functions, such as arc (option), thermal and circuit breaker
protection and communication protocols for various protection and
communication situations.
The generator, transformer and motor differential protection relay
VAMP 265 can be used for selective differential overcurrent, short-
circuit protection of generators, trans-formers and motors in solidly
or impedance earthed power systems. The relay can also be used
for single, two or three-phase overcurrent and/or sensitive earth
fault protection.
The modern technology in association with an extensive self-
supervision system and a reliable construction ensures an
extremely high availability for the VAMP 265 protection relay
42 V265/EN M/A012
4 Introduction 4.1 Main features
V265/EN M/A012 43
4.2 Principles of numerical 4 Introduction
protection techniques
44 V265/EN M/A012
4 Introduction 4.2 Principles of numerical
protection techniques
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5.1 Maximum number of protection 5 Protection functions
stages in one application
5. Protection functions
Each protection stage can independently be enabled or disabled
according to the requirements of the intended application.
46 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.3 General features of protection
stages
The blocking reason may be an active signal via the block matrix
from other stages, the programmable logic or any digital input.
Some stages also have inbuilt blocking logic. For example an
under frequency stage is blocked if voltage is too low. For more
details about block matrix, see chapter 8.5.
Forcing start or trip condition for testing purposes
There is a "Force flag" parameter which, when activated, allows
forcing the status of any protection stage to be "start" or "trip" for a
half second. By using this forcing feature any current or voltage
injection to the relay is not necessary to check the output matrix
configuration, to check the wiring from the output relays to the
circuit breaker and also to check that communication protocols are
correctly transferring event information to a SCADA system.
After testing the force flag will automatically reset 5-minute after
the last local panel push button activity.
The force flag also enables forcing of the output relays and forcing
the optional mA outputs.
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5.3 General features of protection 5 Protection functions
stages
Figure 5.3-1. Definition for retardation time. If the delay setting would be slightly
shorter, an unselective trip might occur (the dash line pulse).
48 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.3 General features of protection
stages
Figure 5.3-2. Reset time is the time it takes the trip or start relay contacts to
open after the fault has been cleared.
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5.3 General features of protection 5 Protection functions
stages
50 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.4 Differential overcurrent
protection ΔI> (87)
IL 3W I
L3 I 3
L1
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5.4 Differential overcurrent 5 Protection functions
protection ΔI> (87)
IW I ' W
Ib
2
Equation 4: Differential current
I d IW I ' W
52 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.4 Differential overcurrent
protection ΔI> (87)
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5.4 Differential overcurrent 5 Protection functions
protection ΔI> (87)
54 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.4 Differential overcurrent
protection ΔI> (87)
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5.5 Overcurrent protection I> (50/51) 5 Protection functions
56 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.5 Overcurrent protection I> (50/51)
Figure 5.5-1 Block diagram of the three-phase overcurrent stage I> and I'>.
Figure 5.5-2 Block diagram of the three-phase overcurrent stage I>> and I’>>.
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5.5 Overcurrent protection I> (50/51) 5 Protection functions
58 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.5 Overcurrent protection I> (50/51)
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5.5 Overcurrent protection I> (50/51) 5 Protection functions
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5 Protection functions 5.6 Current unbalance protection
I2>, I’2> (46)
K1
t 2
, where
I2
K 2
2
IN
t = Operation time
K1 = Delay multiplier
I2 = Measured and calculated negative sequence phase
current of fundamental frequency.
IN = Rated current
K2 = Pick-up setting I2> in pu. The maximum allowed degree
of unbalance.
Example:
K1 = 15 s
I2 = 22.9 % = 0.229 xIN
K2 = 5 % = 0.05 xIN
15
t 2
300.4
0.229
0.05
2
1
The operation time in this example will be five minutes.
More stages (definite time delay only)
If more than one definite time delay stages are needed for current
unbalance protection, the freely programmable stages can be
used (chapter 5.13).
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5.6 Current unbalance protection 5 Protection functions
I2>, I’2> (46)
Setting groups
There are two settings groups available. Switching between
setting groups can be controlled by digital inputs, virtual inputs
(mimic display, communication, logic) and manually.
Figure 5.6-1. Inverse operation delay of current unbalance stage I2>. The
longest delay is limited to 1000 seconds (=16min 40s).
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5 Protection functions 5.6 Current unbalance protection
I2>, I’2> (46)
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5.7 Earth fault protection I0> 5 Protection functions
(50N/51N)
Figure 5.7-2. Block diagram of the earth fault stages I 0>>, I0>>> and I0>>>>
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5 Protection functions 5.7 Earth fault protection I0>
(50N/51N)
Additionally the stage I0> have two more input signal alternatives
to measure current peaks to detect a restriking intermittent earth
fault:
I01Peak to measure the peak value of input I01.
I02Peak to measure the peak value of input I02.
Intermittent earth fault detection
Short earth faults make the protection to start (pick up), but will not
cause trip. When starting happens often enough, such intermittent
faults can be cleared using the intermittent time setting.
When a new start happens within the set intermittent time, the
operation delay counter is not cleared between adjacent faults and
finally the stage will trip. By using input signals I01Peak or I02Peak a
single one-millisecond current peak is enough to start the stage
and increase the delay counter by 20 ms. For example if the
operating time is 120 ms, and the time between two peaks does
not exceed the intermittent time setting, the sixth peak will cause a
trip.
Four independent undirectional earth fault overcurrent stages
There are four separately adjustable earth fault stages: I0>, I0>>,
I0>>>, and I0>>>>. The first stage I0> can be configured for definite
time (DT) or inverse time operation characteristic (IDMT). The
other stages have definite time operation characteristic. By using
the definite delay type and setting the delay to its minimum, an
instantaneous (ANSI 50N) operation is obtained.
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5.7 Earth fault protection I0> 5 Protection functions
(50N/51N)
66 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.7 Earth fault protection I0>
(50N/51N)
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5.7 Earth fault protection I0> 5 Protection functions
(50N/51N)
68 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.7 Earth fault protection I0>
(50N/51N)
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5.8 Thermal overload protection T> 5 Protection functions
(49)
T = Operation time
= Thermal time constant tau (Setting value)
ln = Natural logarithm function
I = Measured rms phase current (the max. value of three
phase currents)
Ip = Preload current, I P k I N (If temperature rise
is 120% 1.2 ). This parameter is the memory of
the algorithm and corresponds to the actual
temperature rise.
k = Overload factor (Maximum continuous current), i.e.
service factor. (Setting value)
k = Ambient temperature factor (Permitted current due to
tamb). See Figure 5.8-1
Imode = The rated current (IN or IMOT)
C = Cooling time coefficient (cooling time constant =
C x
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5 Protection functions 5.8 Thermal overload protection T>
(49)
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5.8 Thermal overload protection T> 5 Protection functions
(49)
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5 Protection functions 5.8 Thermal overload protection T>
(49)
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5.9 Second harmonic O/C stage 5 Protection functions
If2>(51F2)
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5 Protection functions 5.9 Second harmonic O/C stage
If2>(51F2)
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5.10 Fifth harmonic O/C stage If5> 5 Protection functions
(51F5)
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5 Protection functions 5.11 Circuit-breaker failure
protection CBFP (50BF)
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5.11 Circuit-breaker failure 5 Protection functions
protection CBFP (50BF)
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5 Protection functions 5.12 Arc fault protection
(50ARC/50NARC) (optional)
Arc protection is used for fast arc protection. The function is based
on simultaneous light and current measurement. Special arc
sensors are used to measure the light of an arc.
Three stages for arc faults
There are three separate stages for the various current inputs:
ArcI> for phase-to-phase arc faults. Current inputs
IL1, IL2, IL3 are used.
ArcI‟> for phase-to-phase arc faults. Current inputs
I‟L1, I‟L2, I‟L3 are used.
ArcI01> for phase-to-earth arc faults. Current input I01 is
used.
ArcI02> for phase-to-earth arc faults. Current input I02 is
used.
Light channel selection
The light information source to the stages can be selected from
the following list.
No sensor selected. The stage will not work.
S1 Light sensor S1.
S2 Light sensor S2.
S1/S2 Either one of the light sensors S1 or S2.
BI Binary input of the arc card. 48 Vdc.
S1/BI Light sensor S1 or the binary input.
S2/BI Light sensor S2 or the binary input.
S1/S2/BI Light sensor S1 or S2 or the binary input.
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5.12 Arc fault protection 5 Protection functions
(50ARC/50NARC) (optional)
Binary input
The binary input (BI) on the arc option card (see chapter 11.4)
can be used to get the light indication from another relay to build
selective arc protection systems. The BI signal can also be
connected to any of the output relays, BO, indicators etc. offered
by the output matrix (See chapter 8.4). BI is a dry input for 48 Vdc
signal from binary outputs of other VAMP relays or dedicated arc
protection devices by VAMP.
Binary output
The binary output (BO) on the arc option card (see chapters 11.4
and 11.5) can be used to give the light indication signal or any
other signal or signals to another relay's binary input to build
selective arc protection systems. Selection of the BO connected
signal(s) is done with the output matrix (See chapter 8.4). BO is
an internally wetted 48 Vdc signal for BI of other VAMP relays or
dedicated arc protection devices by VAMP.
Delayed light indication signal
There is a delayed light indication output signal available for
building selective arc protection systems. Any light source
combination and a delay can be configured. The resulting signal is
available in the output matrix to be connected to BO, output relays
etc.
Pick up scaling
The per unit (pu) values for pick up setting are based on the
current transformer values.
ArcI>: 1 pu = 1xIN = rated phase current CT value
ArcI‟>: 1 pu = 1xI‟N = rated phase current CT value
ArcI01>: 1 pu = 1xI01N = rated residual current CT value for
input I01.
ArcI02>: 1 pu = 1xI02N = rated residual current CT value for
input I02.
80 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.12 Arc fault protection
(50ARC/50NARC) (optional)
V265/EN M/A012 81
5.12 Arc fault protection 5 Protection functions
(50ARC/50NARC) (optional)
82 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.13 Programmable stages (99)
V265/EN M/A012 83
5.13 Programmable stages (99) 5 Protection functions
84 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.13 Programmable stages (99)
V265/EN M/A012 85
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
86 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.14 Inverse time operation
V265/EN M/A012 87
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
Limitation
The maximum measured phase current is 50xIN and the maximum
directly measured earth fault current is 5xI0N. This limits the scope
of inverse curves when the setting is more than 2.5xIN (overcurrent
stages and earth fault stages using I0Calc input) or 0.25xI01N (earth
fault stages using I01 input or I02 input). The IN and I01N and I02N
depend on the order code (See chapter 15). The table below gives
the limit values in secondary amperes.
Example of limitation
CT = 750/5
IN = 577 A
CT0 = 100/1 (a cable CT for I0)
Secondary scaled IGNsec is now 3.85 A
Order code IL I’L I01 I02 IL1, I’L1, I’L2, I01 I02
IL2, IL3 I’L3 &
& I’0Calc
I0Calc
VAMP 265-1_ 1 1 2.5 A 2.5 A
VAMP 265-3_ 1 5 2.5 A 12.5 A
VAMP 265-4_ 5 1 12.5 A 2.5 A
VAMP 265-5_ 5 5 12.5 A 12.5 A
VAMP 265-_A 5 5 1.25 A 1.25 A
VAMP 265-_B 5 1 1.25 A 0.25 A
VAMP 265-_C 1 5 0.25 A 1.25 A
VAMP 265-_D 1 1 0.25 A 0.25 A
88 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.14 Inverse time operation
IEEE2
IEEE
IEC
DT
RI
Delay type
DT Definite time X
NI1 Normal inverse X X
VI Very inverse X X X
EI Extremely inverse X X X
LTI Long time inverse X X
LTEI Long time extremely inverse X
LTVI Long time very inverse X
MI Moderately inverse X X
STI Short time inverse X
STEI Short time extremely inverse X
RI Old ASEA type X
RXIDG Old ASEA type X
V265/EN M/A012 89
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
Equation 5.14.1-1
k A
t B
I
1
I
pickup
0.50 0.14
t 0.02
5.0
4
1
2
90 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.14 Inverse time operation
Figure 5.14.1-1 IEC normal inverse Figure 5.14.1-2 IEC extremely inverse
delay. delay.
Figure 5.14.1-3 IEC very inverse delay. Figure 5.14.1-4 IEC long time inverse
delay.
V265/EN M/A012 91
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
A
tk C
B
I
I 1
Pickup
t = Operation delay in seconds
k = User‟s multiplier
I = Measured value
IPickup = User‟s pick up setting
A,B,C = Constant parameter according Table 5.14.1-3.
Table 5.14.1-3 Constants for IEEE/ANSI inverse delay
equation
Parameter
Delay type
A B C
LTI Long time inverse 0.086 0.185 0.02
LTVI Long time very inverse 28.55 0.712 2
Long time extremely
LTEI 64.07 0.250 2
inverse
MI Moderately inverse 0.0515 0.1140 0.02
VI Very inverse 19.61 0.491 2
EI Extremely inverse 28.2 0.1217 2
STI Short time inverse 0.16758 0.11858 0.02
Short time extremely
STEI 1.281 0.005 2
inverse
92 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.14 Inverse time operation
Figure 5.14.1-5 ANSI/IEEE long time Figure 5.14.1-6 ANSI/IEEE long time
inverse delay very inverse delay
V265/EN M/A012 93
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
Figure 5.14.1-9 ANSI/IEEE short time Figure 5.14.1-10 ANSI/IEEE short time
inverse delay extremely inverse delay
94 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.14 Inverse time operation
B D E
t k A 3
I
2
I
C I C
I pickup I I
C
pickup pickup
V265/EN M/A012 95
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
96 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.14 Inverse time operation
k
t RI
0.236
0.339
I
I
Pickup
Equation 5.14.1-5 RXIDG
I
t RXIDG 5.8 1.35 ln
k I Pickup
V265/EN M/A012 97
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
Figure 5.14.1-15 Inverse delay of type Figure 5.14.1-16 Inverse delay of type
RI. RXIDG.
98 V265/EN M/A012
5 Protection functions 5.14 Inverse time operation
V265/EN M/A012 99
5.14 Inverse time operation 5 Protection functions
6. Supporting functions
Events are the major data for a SCADA system. SCADA systems
are reading events using any of the available communication
protocols. Event log can also be scanned using the front panel or
using VAMPSET. With VAMSET the events can be stored to a file
especially in case the relay is not connected to any SCADA
system.
Only the latest event can be read when using communication
protocols or VAMPSET. Every reading increments the internal
read pointer to the event buffer. (In case of communication error,
the latest event can be reread any number of times using an other
parameter.) On the local panel scanning the event buffer back
and forth is possible.
Event enabling/masking
In case of an uninteresting event, it can be masked, which
prevents the particular event(s) to be written in the event buffer.
As a default there is room for 200 latest events in the buffer. Event
buffer size can be modified from 50 to 2000 in all v.10.xx
softwares. Modification can be done in “Local panel conf” –menu.
Alarm screen (popup screen) can also be enabled in this same
menu when Vampset –setting tool is used. The oldest one will be
overwritten, when a new event does occur. The shown resolution
of a time stamp is one millisecond, but the actual resolution
depends of the particular function creating the event. For example
most protection stages create events with 10 ms or 20 ms
resolution. The absolute accuracy of all time stamps depends on
the time synchronizing of the relay. See chapter 6.5 for system
clock synchronizing.
Event buffer overflow
The normal procedure is to poll events from the device all the time.
If this is not done, the event buffer will eventually overflow. On the
local screen this is indicated with string "OVF" after the event
code.
Setting parameters for events
Parameter Value Description Note
Count Number of events
ClrEn Clear event buffer Set
Clear
Order Order of the event buffer for local display Set
Old-
New
New-
Old
FVSca Scaling of event fault value Set
PU Per unit scaling
Pri Primary scaling
Display On Alarm pop-up display is enabled Set
Alarms Off No alarm display
FORMAT OF EVENTS ON THE LOCAL DISPLAY
Code: CHENN CH = event channel, NN=event code
Event description Event channel and code in plain text
yyyy-mm-dd Date (for available date formats see chapter 6.5)
hh:mm:ss.nnn Time
Available channels
The following channels i.e. signals can be linked to a disturbance
recorder:
Available for
Channel Description
waveform
IL1, IL2, IL3 Phase current Yes
I‟L1, I‟L2, I‟L3 Phase current Yes
Io1, Io2 Measured residual current Yes
f Frequency
IoCalc Phasor sum Io = (IL1+IL2+IL3)/3
I‟oCalc Phasor sum Io = (I’L1+I’L2+I’L3)/3
I1, I‟1 Positive sequence current
I2, I‟2 Negative sequence current
I2/I1, I‟2/I‟1 Relative current unbalance
I2/In, I‟2/I‟n Current unbalance [xIGN]
IL Average (IL1 + IL2 + IL3)/3
I‟L Average (I‟L1 + I‟L2 + I‟L3)/3
DO Digital outputs Yes
DI Digital inputs Yes
THDIL1 Total harmonic distortion of IL1
THDI‟L1 Total harmonic distortion of I‟L1
THDIL2 Total harmonic distortion of IL2
THDI‟L2 Total harmonic distortion of I‟L2
THDIL3 Total harmonic distortion of IL3
THDI‟L3 Total harmonic distortion of I‟L3
IL1RMS IL1 RMS for average sampling
IL2RMS IL2 RMS for average sampling
IL3RMS IL3 RMS for average sampling
ILmin
I‟Lmin
ILmax
I‟Lmax
ΔIL1,ΔIL2,ΔIL3
IL1w,IL2w,IL3w
I‟L1w,I‟L2w,I‟L3w
Note! The sample rate of the comtrade file has to be 32/cycle (625
to the channel names in Vamp relays: IL1, IL2, IL3, Io1, Io2, U12,
U23, UL1, UL2, UL3 and Uo.
Equation 6.4-1
a
C , where
In
C = permitted operations
I = interrupted current
a = constant according Equation 6.4-2
n = constant according Equation 6.4-3
Equation 6.4-2
Ck
ln
C k 1
n
I
ln k 1
Ik
Equation 6.4-3
a C k I k2
k =2
Ck = 10000
Ck+1 = 80
Ik+1 = 31 kA
Ik = 1.25 kA
and the Equation 6.4-2 and Equation 6.4-3 , the relay calculates
10000
ln
n 80 1.5038
31000
ln
1250
a 10000 12501.5038 454 106
C AlarmMax
C
945
L1 L 2 3
313
Thus Alarm2 counters for phases L1 and L2 are decremented by
3. In phase L1 the currents is less than the alarm limit current 6
kA. For such currents the decrement is one.
L3 1
If the auto-adjust interval "AAIntv" has not been zero, but further
trimming is still needed, the following equation can be used to
calculate a new auto-adjust interval.
1
AAIntv NEW
1 DriftInOneWeek
AAIntv PREVIOUS 604.8
Example 1.
If there has been no external sync and the relay's clock is leading
sixty-one seconds a week and the parameter AAIntv has been
zero, the parameters are set as
AvDrft Lead
604.8
AAIntv 9.9s
61
With these parameter values the system clock corrects itself with –
1 ms every 9.9 seconds which equals 61.091 s/week.
Example 2.
If there is no external sync and the relay's clock has been lagging
five seconds in nine days and the AAIntv has been
9.9 s, leading, then the parameters are set as
1
AAIntv NEW 10.6
1 5000
9.9 9 24 3600
AvDrft Lead
NOTE! When the internal time is roughly correct – deviation is less than four
seconds – any synchronizing or auto-adjust will never turn the clock
backwards. Instead, in case the clock is leading, it is softly slowed down
to maintain causality.
6.7. Timers
The VAMP protection platform includes four settable timers that
can be used together with the user's programmable logic or to
control setting groups and other applications that require actions
based on calendar time. Each timer has its own settings. The
selected on-time and off-time is set and then the activation of the
timer can be set to be as daily or according the day of week (See
the setting parameters for details). The timer outputs are available
for logic functions and for the block and output matrix.
The user can force any timer, which is in use, on or off. The
forcing is done by writing a new status value. No forcing flag is
needed as in forcing i.e. the output relays.
The forced time is valid until the next forcing or until the next
reversing timed act from the timer itself.
The status of each timer is stored in non-volatile memory when the
auxiliary power is switched off. At start up, the status of each timer
is recovered.
6.9. Self-supervision
The functions of the micro controller and the associated circuitry,
as well as the program execution are supervised by means of a
separate watchdog circuit. Besides supervising the relay, the
watchdog circuit attempts to restart the micro controller in a fault
situation. If the restarting fails, the watchdog issues a self-
supervision alarm indicating a permanent internal fault.
When the watchdog circuit detects a permanent fault, it always
blocks any control of other output relays (except for the self-
supervision output relay).
In addition, the internal supply voltages are supervised. Should the
auxiliary supply of the relay disappear, an alarm is automatically
given because the internal fault (IF) output relay functions on a
working current principle. This means that the IF relay is energized
when the auxiliary supply is on and no internal fault is detected.
7. Measurement functions
All the direct measurements are based on fundamental frequency
values. (The exceptions are frequency and instantaneous current
for arc protection.) The figure shows a current waveform and the
corresponding fundamental frequency component, second
harmonic and rms value in a special case, when the current
deviates significantly from a pure sine wave.
h
i 2
i
2
THD , where
h1
h1 = Fundamental value
h2...15 = Harmonics
Example
h1 = 100 A
h3 = 10 A
h7 =3A
h11 =8A
10 2 32 8 2
THD 13.2%
100
SN
IN
3 U N
Where
IN = The rated current 1 pu.
SN = Rated apparent power of the protected device
UN = Rated line-to-line voltage of the protected device
.
For residual currents and ArcI> stage
1 pu = 1xCTSEC for secondary side and
1 pu = 1xCTPRI for primary side.
Phase current scaling Residual current (3I0)
excluding ArcI> stage scaling and phase
current scaling for ArcI>
stage
I SEC CTPRI I SEC
secondary per unit I PU I PU
CTSEC I N CTSEC
IN
per unit secondary I SEC I PU CTSEC I SEC I PU CTSEC
CTPRI
8. Control functions
The six virtual outputs do act like output relays, but there are no
physical contacts. Virtual outputs are shown in the output matrix
and the block matrix. Virtual outputs can be used with the user's
programmable logic and to change the active setting group etc.
If the device is in local control state, the remote control inputs are
ignored and vice versa. Object is controlled when a rising edge is
detected from the selected input. Length of digital input pulse
should be at least 60 ms.
9. Communication
By default the remote port has a TTL interface. It can only be used
together with external converters or converting cables. Inbuilt
options for RS-485, fibre optic (plastic/plastic, plastic/glass,
glass/plastic or glass/glass), Profibus and Ethernet are available.
Parameters
Parameter Value Unit Description Note
Protocol Protocol selection for the Set
rear panel local port.
None Command line interface for
VAMPSET
SpaBus SPA-bus (slave)
ProfibusDP Profibus DB (slave)
ModbusSla Modbus RTU slave
ModbusTCPs Modbus TCP slave
IEC-103 IEC-60870-5-103 (slave)
ExternalIO Modbus RTU master for
external I/O-modules
DNP3 DNP 3.0
0 ... 2 1
32
Msg# Message counter since the Clr
device has restarted or
since last clearing
0 ... 2 1
16
Errors Protocol errors since the Clr
device has restarted or
since last clearing
0 ... 2 1
16
Tout Timeout errors since the Clr
device has restarted or
since last clearing
Display of actual 1)
communication parameters.
speed = bit/s
speed/DPS D = number of data bits
P = parity: none, even, odd
Default = S = number of stop bits
38400/8N1 for
VAMPSET
VAMPSET communication (Direct or SPA-bus embedded command line
interface)
Tx bytes/size Unsent bytes in transmitter
buffer/size of the buffer
0 ... 2 1
32
Msg# Message counter since the Clr
device has restarted or
since last clearing
0 ... 2 1
16
Errors Errors since the device has Clr
restarted or since last
clearing
0 ... 2 1
16
Tout Timeout errors since the Clr
device has restarted or
since last clearing
Set = An editable parameter (password needed)
Clr = Clearing to zero is possible
1) The communication parameters are set in the protocol specific menus. For
the local port command line interface the parameters are set in configuration
menu.
9.2.1. PC communication
PC communication is using a VAMP specified command line
interface. The VAMPSET program can communicate using the
local RS-232 port or using ethernet interface. It is also possible to
select SPA-bus protocol for the local port and configure the
VAMPSET to embed the command line interface inside SPA-bus
messages. For ethernet interface configuration see chapter 9.1.4.
9.2.3. Profibus DP
The Profibus DP protocol is widely used in industry. An external
VPA 3CG or an internal Profibus module (see the order code in
chapter 15.) is required.
Device profile "continuous mode"
In this mode the device is sending a configured set of data
parameters continuously to the Profibus DP master. The benefit of
this mode is the speed and easy access to the data in the Profibus
master. The drawback is the maximum buffer size of 128 bytes,
which limits the number of data items transferred to the master.
Some PLCs have their own limitation for the Profibus buffer size,
which may further limit the number of transferred data items.
Device profile "Request mode"
Using the request mode it is possible to read all the available data
from the VAMP device and still use only a very short buffer for
Profibus data transfer. The drawback is the slower overall speed
of the data transfer and the need of increased data processing at
the Profibus master as every data item must be separately
requested by the master.
NOTE! In request more it is not possible to read continuously only one single
data item. At least two data items must be read in turn to get updated
data from the device.
Parameters
Parameter Value Unit Description Note
Mode Profile selection Set
Cont Continuous mode
Reqst Request mode
bit/s 2400 bps Communication speed from
the main CPU to the
Profibus converter. (The
actual Profibus bit rate is
automatically set by the
Profibus master and can be
up to 12 Mbit/s.)
Emode Event numbering style. (Set)
Channel Use this for new
installations.
(Limit60) (The other modes are for
(NoLimit) compatibility with old
systems.)
InBuf bytes Size of Profibus master's 1) 3)
Rx buffer. (data to the
master)
OutBuf bytes Size of Profibus master's 2) 3)
Tx buffer. (data from the
master)
Addr 1 247 This address has to be Set
unique within the Profibus
network system.
Conv Converter type
No converter recognized 4)
VE Converter type "VE" is
recognized
Set = An editable parameter (password needed)
Clr = Clearing to zero is possible
1) In continuous mode the size depends of the biggest configured data offset of
a data item to be send to the master. In request mode the size is 8 bytes.
2) In continuous mode the size depends of the biggest configured data offset of
a data to be read from the master. In request mode the size is 8 bytes.
3) When configuring the Profibus master system, the length of these buffers are
needed. The device calculates the lengths according the Profibus data and
profile configuration and the values define the in/out module to be configured for
the Profibus master.
4) If the value is " ", Profibus protocol has not been selected or the device has
not restarted after protocol change or there is a communication problem
between the main CPU and the Profibus ASIC.
9.2.4. SPA-bus
The manager has full support for the SPA-bus protocol including
reading and writing the setting values. Also reading of multiple
consecutive status data bits, measurement values or setting
values with one message is supported.
Several simultaneous instances of this protocol, using different
physical ports, are possible, but the events can be read by one
single instance only.
There is a separate document “Spabus parameters.pdf” of SPA-
bus data items available.
Parameters
Parameter Value Unit Description Note
Addr 1 899 SPA-bus address. Must be Set
unique in the system.
bit/s bps Communication speed Set
1200
2400
4800
9600 (default)
19200
Emode Event numbering style. (Set)
Channel Use this for new
installations.
(Limit60) (The other modes are for
(NoLimit) compatibility with old
systems.)
Set = An editable parameter (password needed)
These are fixed for data items in the compatible range of the
protocol, for example, the trip of I> function is identified by: type
identification = 1, function type = 160 and information number =
90. "Private range" function types are used for such data items,
which are not defined by the standard (e.g. the status of the digital
inputs and the control of the objects).
The function type and information number used in private range
messages is configurable. This enables flexible interfacing to
different master systems.
For more information on IEC 60870-5-103 in Vamp devices refer
to the “IEC103 Interoperability List” document.
Parameters
Parameter Value Unit Description Note
Addr 1 254 An unique address within Set
the system
bit/s bps Communication speed Set
9600
19200
MeasInt 200 10000 ms Minimum measurement Set
response interval
SyncRe ASDU6 response time Set
Sync mode
Sync+Proc
Msg
Msg+Proc
Set = An editable parameter (password needed)
9.2.10. EtherNet/IP
The relay supports communication using EtherNet/IP protocol
which is a part of CIP (Common Industrial Protocol) family.
EtherNet/IP protocol is available with the optional inbuilt Ethernet
port. The protocol can be used to read / write data from the relay
using request / response communication or via cyclic messages
transporting data assigned to assemblies (sets of data).
EtherNet/IP main features:
Static data model: 2 standard objects (Overload and Control
Supervisor), 2 private objects (one for digital data and one for
analog data) and 4 configuration objects for protection
functions configuration
Two configurable assemblies (one producing and one
consuming) with the maximum capacity of 128 bytes each EDS
file that can be fed to any client supporting EDS files: can be
generated at any time, all changes to EtherNet/IP configuration
(see configuration parameters in table below) or to assemblies‟
content require generating of the new EDS file.
Three types of communications are supported: UCMM (one
time request / response), Class 3 connection (cyclic request /
response) and Class 1 connection (cyclic IO messages
containing assemblies‟ data)
10. Applications
During an inside fault the secondary currents of the two CTs have
no other way to go than the relay. The relay will trip when the
current I = VS/RS exceeds the setting IS of the relay. The voltage
dependent resistor (VDR, varistor, METROSIL) is used to protect
the CTs and wiring by limiting the voltage VS during heavy inside
faults.
The resistance of the secondary loop connecting the CTs together
should be as low as possible.
10.2.1. CT Requirements
Any difference between the CTs will give a misleading residual
current signal to the relay. Especially during heavy through faults
(i.e. the fault is outside the protected zone) the dissimilar
saturation of the CTs should not yield to a REF trip. On the other
hand a very high fault current causing an unselective earth fault
start or trip is not a fatal error.
Class X CT
In restricted earth fault protection the high and low side CTs
should give similar responses even for high over currents.
Class X CTs will fulfil this requirement. Their performance is
defined in terms of a knee-point voltage (VKP), the magnetizing
current at the knee point voltage and the resistance of the
secondary winding at +75 °C.
Knee point voltage (VKP) is the secondary voltage at which a 50 %
increase of primary current is needed to increase the secondary
voltage by 10 %.
CTSEC
VS I MAXT RCT RW
CTPRIM
1
IMAXT = Maximum through fault current not to cause an REF trip
CTSEC = Nominal secondary current of the CT
CTPRI = Nominal primary current of the CT
RCT = Resistance of CT secondary.
RW = Total resistance of wiring, connections etc.
VS
RS
I Set
ISET = Setting value of the relay as secondary value.
1
Selecting a low value helps to achieve more sensitivity and helps to avoid the
usage of a voltage limiting VDR. An unselective earth fault pick-up/trip is not
always a problem if a fast overcurrent stage will clear the fault anyway.
CTSEC
Vp I MAXF BCT RW RS
CTPRIM
IMAXF = Maximum fault current when the fault is inside the protected
zone
CTSEC = Nominal secondary current of the CT
CTPRI = Nominal primary current of the CT
RCT = Resistance of CT secondary.
RW = Total resistance of wiring, connections, relay input etc.
RS = Stabilizing resistor according Equation 10.3.1-2.
10.3.4. Example
CT = 2000/1 VKP = 100 V
IMAXT = 16 kA = 8 x In
IREF = 5 % = 50 mA Setting value scaled to secondary
level
RCT = 6
RW = 0.4
IMAXF = 25 kA
Maximum secondary voltage during a through fault (Equation
10.3.1-1):
1
VS 16000 6 0.4 51.2 V
2000
Conclusion: The knee point voltage of 100 V is acceptable being
about twice the VS.
Serial resistance for the relay input (Equation 10.3.1-2):
512
.
RS 1024 1000
0.05
Maximum peak voltage during inside fault using a linear model for
CT (Equation 10.3.2-1):
1
Vp 25000 (6 0.4 1000) 12.6 kV
2000
This is a too high value and a VDR must be used to reduce the
voltage below 3 kV.
A zinc oxide varistor (i.e. VDR, METROSIL) of 1 kV will limit the
voltage. Using a 400 J model allows two 20 VA CTs feeding ten
times their nominal power during one second before the energy
capacity of the varistor is exceeded.
Composite error C
Composite error is the difference between the ideal secondary
current and the actual secondary current under steady-state
conditions. It includes amplitude and phase errors and also the
effects of any possible harmonics in the exciting current.
Equation 10.4.1-1
T
1
T 0
( K N i S i P ) 2 dt
C 100%
IP
T = Cycle time
KN = Rated transformation ratio INPrimary/INsecondary
iS = Instantaneous secondary current
iP = Instantaneous primary current
IP = Rms value of primary current
NOTE: All current based protection functions of VAMP relays, except arc
protection, thermal protection and 2nd harmonic blocking functions, are
using the fundamental frequency component of the measured current.
The IEC formula includes an RMS value of the current. That is why the
composite error defined by IEC 60044-1 is not ideal for VAMP relays.
However the difference is not big enough to prevent rough estimation.
Marking:
The accuracy class of a CT is written after the rated power.
E.g. 10 VA 5P10, 15 VA 10P10, 30 VA 5P20
Accuracy limit current IAL
Current transformers for protection must retain a reasonable
accuracy up to the largest relevant fault current. Rated accuracy
limit current is the value of primary current up to which the CT will
comply with the requirements for composite error C.
Accuracy limit factor kALF
The ratio of the accuracy limit current to the rated primary current.
Equation 10.4.1-2
I AL
K ALF
IN
The standard accuracy limit factors are 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30.
Marking:
Accuracy limit factor is written after the accuracy class.
E.g. 10 VA 5P10, 15 VA 10P10, 30 VA 5P20.
Si S N
k A k ALF
Si S A
c = Safety factor
ISET = Relative setting of the non-stabilized differential current stage
INTra = Rated current of the transformer (primary side or secondary side)
INCT = Rated primary current of the CT (primary side or secondary side)
Using slightly smaller safety factor than indicated in the table will
increase the setting inaccuracy.
Protection application Safety factor c
Overcurrent 2
Earth-fault, cable transformer 3
2
Earth-fault overcurrent, sum of three phase currents 6
Transformer differential, -winding or unearthed Y- 3
winding
Transformer differential, earthed Y-winding 4
Generator differential 3
2
Sensitive earth-fault current settings, < 5% x IN, should be avoided in this
configuration because a set of three CTs are not exactly similar and will
produce some secondary residual current even though there is no residual
current in the primary side.
RCT RN
k A k ALF
RCT RW RL
cI I 2
S N SET NTra RCT RW RL RCT I NCT sec
k ALF I NCT
Example 1
Transformer:
16 MVA YNd11 Zk = 10%
110 kV / 21 kV (84 A / 440 A)
CT’s on HW side:
100/5 5P10
Winding resistance RCT = 0.07
(RCT depends on the CT type, INCT and power rating. Let's say that the
selected CT type, 100 A and an initial guess of 15 VA yields to 0.07 .)
Safety factor c = 4.
(Transformer differential, earthed Y.)
CTs on LV side:
500/5 5P10
(Max. Short circuit curent is 4400 A = 8.8 x 500 A)
Winding resistance RCT = 0.28
(RCT depends on the CT type, INCT and power rating. Let's say that the
selected CT type, 500 A and an initial guess of 15 VA yields to 0.28 )
Safety factor c = 3.
(Transformer differential, .)
Settings:
ConnGrp Dy11
IoCmps OFF
I‟oCmps ON
Un High side voltage
U‟n Low side voltage
Settings:
ConnGrp Yd11
IoCmps ON
I‟oCmps OFF
Un High side voltage
U‟n Low side voltage
Settings:
ConnGrp Yd11
IoCmps ON
I‟oCmps OFF
Un High side voltage
U‟n Low side voltage
Settings:
ConnGrp Yy0
IoCmps OFF
I‟oCmps OFF
Un Generator nominal voltage
U‟n Generator nominal voltage
Figure 10.9.1-1 Trip circuit supervision using a single dry digital input and an
external resistor R. The circuit-breaker is in the closed position. The supervised
circuitry in this CB position is double-lined. The digital input is in active state
when the trip circuit is complete. This is applicable for dry inputs DI7...DI20.
Figure 10.9.1-2 Trip circuit supervision using a single dry digital input, when the
circuit breaker is in open position.
Note: If for example DI7 is used for trip circuit supervision, the usage of DI8 ...
DI14 is limited to the same circuitry sharing the Vaux in the common
terminal.
Figure 10.9.1-3 An example of digital input DI7 configuration for trip circuit
supervision with one dry digital input.
U min U DI I DI Rcoil
R
I DI
P 2 I DI
2
R
P = 2*0.003^2x22000 = 0.40 W
Select the next bigger standard size, for example 0.5 W.
When the trip contacts are still closed and the CB is already open,
the resistor has to withstand much higher power (Equation
10.9.1-3) for this short time.
Equation 10.9.1-3
2
U max
P
R
P = 121^2/22000 = 0.67 W
A 0.5 W resistor will be enough for this short time peak power, too.
However, if the trip relay is closed for longer time than a few
seconds, a 1 W resistor should be used.
Figure 10.9.1-5 Trip circuit supervision using one of the VAMP 200 series
internally wetted digital input (DI1...DI6) and auxiliary relay K1 and an external
resistor R. The circuit-breaker is in the closed position. The supervised circuitry
in this CB position is double-lined. The digital input is in active state when the
trip circuit is complete.
Figure 10.9.1-6 An example of digital input DI1 configuration for trip circuit
supervision with one wet digital input.
U MIN U K 1MIN
R RCoil
I K 1MIN
R = (104.5 – 96)/0.0048 - 242 = 1529
By selecting the next smaller standard size we get 1.5 k.
P 2 I K2 1MAX R
P = 2*0.0061^2x1500 = 0.11 W
Select the next bigger standard size, for example 0.5 W.
When the trip contacts are still closed and the CB is already open,
the resistor has to withstand much higher power (Equation
10.9.1-3) for this short time.
P = 121^2/1500 = 9.8 W
A 1 W resistor should be selected to withstand this short time peak
power. However, if the trip relay can be closed for longer time than
a few seconds, a 20 W resistor should be used.
Note: In many applications the optimum digital inputs for trip circuit supervision
are the optional inputs DI19 and DI20 because they don't share their
terminals with any other digital inputs.
Figure 10.9.2-1 Trip circuit supervision with two dry digital inputs. The CB is
closed. The supervised circuitry in this CB position is double-lined. The digital
input is in active state when the trip circuit is complete. This is applicable for dry
inputs DI7...D20 only.
Figure 10.9.2-2 Trip circuit supervision with two dry digital inputs. The CB is in
the open position. The two digital inputs are now in series.
Note: If for example DI13 and DI7 are used as the upper and lower digital
inputs in the Figure 10.9.2-2, the usage of DI8 ... DI14 is limited to the
same circuitry sharing the Vaux in the common terminal and the DI14 ...
DI18 cannot be used, because they share the same common terminal
with DI13.
Figure 10.9.2-4 An example of logic configuration for trip circuit supervision with
two dry digital inputs DI7 and DI13.
11. Connections
Terminal X3
No: Symbol Description
1 +48V Internal wetting voltage for digital inputs 1 – 6
2 DI1 Digital input 1
3 DI2 Digital input 2
4 DI3 Digital input 3
5 DI4 Digital input 4
6 DI5 Digital input 5
7 DI6 Digital input 6
8 -- --
9 A1 COM Alarm relay 1, common connector
10 A1 NO Alarm relay 1, normal open connector
11 A1 NC Alarm relay 1, normal closed connector
12 T2 Trip relay 2
13 T2 Trip relay 2
14 T1 Trip relay 1
15 T1 Trip relay 1
16 -- --
17 Uaux Auxiliary voltage
18 Uaux Auxiliary voltage
Terminal X6
No: Symbol Description
1 BI External arc light input
2 BO Arc output
3 COM Common for BI and BO
4 S1>+ Arc sensor 1, positive connector *
5 S1> Arc sensor 1, negative connector *
6 S2>+ Arc sensor 2, positive connector *
7 S2> Arc sensor 2, negative connector *
RJ-45 connector :
1=Transmit+
2=Transmit-
3=Receive+
4=Reserved
5=Reserved
6=Receive-
7=Reserved
8=Reserved
M 10Mbps Ethernet interface D9S and RJ-45 D-connector:
with IEC 61850 and Serial 1 = reserved
interface for external 2 = TX_out / TTL
converters only (REMOTE 3 = RX_in /TTL
port) 4 = RTS out /TTL
7 = GND
9 = +8V out
RJ-45 connector :
1=Transmit+
2=Transmit-
3=Receive+
4=Reserved
5=Reserved
6=Receive-
7=Reserved
8=Reserved
O 100 Mbps Ethernet fibre D9S and LC D-connector:
interface with IEC 61850 1 = reserved
and Serial interface for 2 = TX_out / TTL
external converters only 3 = RX_in /TTL
(REMOTE port) 4 = RTS out /TTL
7 = GND
9 = +8V out
Fiber connector:
TX=Upper LC-
connector
RX=Lower LC-
connector
RJ-45 connector :
1=Transmit+
2=Transmit-
3=Receive+
4=Reserved
5=Reserved
6=Receive-
7=Reserved
8=Reserved
R 100 Mbps Ethernet fibre 2 x LC LC-connector from
top:
interface with IEC 61850
-Port 2 Tx
-Port 2 Rx
-Port 1 Tx
-Port 1 Rx
NOTE! In the VAMP relays RS485 interfaces a positive voltage from Tx+ to Tx or
Rx+ to Rxdoes correspond to the bit value “1”. In X5 connector the
optional RS485 is galvanically isolated.
NOTE! In 2-wire mode the receiver and transmitter are internally connected in
parallel. See a table below.
Figure 11.3.2-1 Pin numbering of the Figure 11.3.2-2 Pin numbering of the
rear communication ports, REMOTE rear communication ports, REMOTE
TTL RS-485.
The optional arc protection card includes two arc sensor channels.
The arc sensors are connected to terminals X6: 4-5 and 6-7.
The arc information can be transmitted and/or received through
digital input and output channels. This is a 48 V dc signal.
Connections:
X6: 1 Binary input (BI)
X6: 2 Binary output (BO)
X6: 3 Common for BI and BO.
X6: 4-5 Sensor 1
X6: 6-7 Sensor 2
The binary output of the arc option card may be activated by the
arc sensors or by any available signal in the output matrix. The
binary output can be connected to an arc binary input of another
VAMP protection relay or manager.
Scaling
-32000…32000 Subtracted from Modbus
value, before running XY
scaling
Off
set
C, F, K, mA, Ohm or
V/A Unit selection
Active value
-21x107…
Limit setting
…21x107
Alarm >>
- / Alarm Active state
-21x107…
Limit setting
…21x107
Alarm >
Active value
Analog input alarms have also matrix signals, “Ext. Aix Alarm1”
and “Ext. Aix Alarm2”.
CoilS, InputS,
Modbus register type
InputR or HoldingR
Communication errors
Communication errors
0…42x108,
-21…+21x108
Minimum limit for lined value,
corresponding to “Modbus Min”
Link selection
-21x107…
Minimum & maximum output values
…+21x107
Active value
Figure 11.8.2-1 Block diagram of optional DI19/DI20 module with one arc
channel.
12.1. Connections
12.1.1. Measuring circuitry
Rated phase current 5 A (configurable for CT secondaries 1 – 10 A)
- Current measuring range 0…250 A
- Thermal withstand 20 A (continuously)
100 A (for 10 s)
500 A (for 1 s)
- Burden < 0.2 VA
Rated phase current 1 A (configurable for CT secondaries 1 – 10 A)
- Current measuring range 0…50 A
- Thermal withstand 4 A (continuously)
20 A (for 10 s)
100 A (for 1 s)
- Burden < 0.1 VA
Rated residual current (optional) 5 A (configurable for CT secondaries 1 – 10 A)
- Current measuring range 0…25 A
- Thermal withstand 20 A (continuously)
100 A (for 10 s)
500 A (for 1 s)
- Burden < 0.2 VA
Rated residual current 1 A (configurable for CT secondaries 0.1 – 10 A)
- Current measuring range 0…5 A
- Thermal withstand 4 A (continuously)
20 A (for 10 s)
100 A (for 1 s)
- Burden < 0.1 VA
Rated frequency fn 45 – 65 Hz
Terminal block: Maximum wire dimension:
- Solid or stranded wire 4 mm2 (10-12 AWG)
NOTE! Maximally three arc binary inputs can be connected to one arc binary
output without an external amplifier.
12.2.5. Casing
Degree of protection (IEC 60529) IP20
Dimensions (W x H x D) 208 x 155 x 225 mm
8.19 x 6.10 x 8.86 in
Material 1 mm / 0.04 in steel plate
Weight 4.2 kg
Colour code RAL 7032 (Casing) / RAL 7035 (Back plate)
12.2.6. Package
Dimensions (W x H x D) 215 x 160 x 275 mm
8.46 x 6.30 x 10.83 in
Weight (Terminal, Package and Manual) 5.2 kg
14. Construction
V265 - -
Frequency [Hz]
7 = Standard relay
Optional hardware
A = None
B = Plastic/Plastic serial fibre interface
C = Profibus interface
D = RS 485 interface (4-wire)
E = Glass/Glass serial fibre interface
F = Rx Plastic/Tx Glass serial fibre interface
G = Rx Glass/Tx Plastic serial fibre interface
H = RJ-45 10Mbps ethernet interface
M = RJ-45 10Mbps ethernet inc. IEC 61850
O = LC 100 Mbps ethernet fibre interface inc. IEC 61850
P = RJ-45 100Mbps ethernet interface inc. IEC 61850
R = 2 x LC 100 Mbps ethernet fibre interface inc. IEC 61850
S = 2 x RJ-45 100 Mbps ethernet interface inc. IEC 61850
Optional software
A = Version 2 firmware (# (See firmware version history)
C = Version 6 firmware (*
E = Standard firmware
M = Standard firmware, Motor functions
Note:
(* Optional hardware, A-H available
(# Optional hardware, A-G available
Accessories :
Schneider Electric
35 rue Joseph Monier
92506 Rueil-Malmaison
FRANCE
Phone: +33 (0) 1 41 29 70 00
Fax: +33 (0) 1 41 29 71 00
www.schneider-electric.com Publishing: Schneider Electric
Publication version: V265/EN M/A012 12/2012