Jebsen Hand Function Test

Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT)
Assessment Overview
Assessment Area Summary
ICF Domain: The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT/JTT) was developed to provide a
Activity standardized and objective evaluation of fine and gross motor hand
Subcategory: function using simulated activities of daily living. The JHFT is one of the
Mobility oldest standardized tests of hand function and used individuals with SCI
during its initial development.
You Will Need
Items to be performed on both the dominant and non-dominant
Length: hand. The JHFT only assesses the speed and not the quality of
15-45 minutes to complete 7 items performance (slow times reflect a less desirable performance). It is a
Scoring: clinician-administered; performance-based measure
Total score is the sum of time taken
for each subtest, which are Weighted and non-weighted hand function is assessed through: writing;
rounded to the nearest second. turning over 3 by 5 inch cards; picking up small common objects;
Shorter times indicate better simulated feeding; stacking checkers; picking up large objects; and
performance picking up large heavy objects. Time to complete each task is recorded.
Equipment: Patients are required to perform all of the subtests with both the right
-Stopwatch and left hands, with the non-dominant hand tested first.
-Chair (18” seat height)
-Desk/table (30” high) Caution
-4 sheets of unruled white paper The JHFT is not recommended for individuals with C5 tetraplegia with
-Clipboard hand neuroprosthesis outcomes
-Sentences typed in upper case May not assess function of intrinsic hand muscles and allows participants
centered on a 5x8” index card on a to complete tasks by compensating with trunk and shoulder movements.
bookstand
-5 index cards (ruled on one side
only)
-Empty 1 pound coffee can Availability
-2 paper clips
-2 regular sized bottle caps An assessment form can be found here:
-2 U.S. pennies http://www.scireproject.com/sites/default/files/worksheet_jebsen.docx
-5 kidney beans (~5/8” long) https://www.scireproject.com/outcome-measures-new/jebsen-hand-
-1 regular teaspoon function-test-jhft#
-Wooden board (41 ½” long, 11 ¼” A test kit is sold commercially through multiple vendors, which usually
wide, ¾” thick) includes instructions, all items needed to perform seven subtests, a
-“C” clamp carrying bag, and pad of 50 blank record forms. Cost is generally in the
-Plywood (20” long, 2” wide, ½” $300+ range.
thick) glued to the board Languages: English and Portuguese.
-4 standard size (1 ¼” diameter) red
wooden checkers
-5 No. 303 cans
Assessment Interpretability
Minimal Clinically Statistical Error Typical Values

Important Difference
Not established in SCI Not established Normative (dominant, non-dominant; ±SD) Values:
in SCI For women: For men:
Writing: Writing:
11.7±2.1, 30.2±8.6* 12.2±3.5, 32.3±11.8*
15.7±4.7, 38.9±14.9** 19.5±7.5, 48.2±19.1**
Card turning: Card turning:
4.3±1.4, 4.8±1.1* 4.0±0.9, 4.5±0.9*
4.9±1.2, 5.5±1.1** 5.3±1.6, 6.1±2.2**
Small objects: Small objects:
5.5±0.8, 6.0±1.0* 5.9±1.0, 6.2±0.9*
6.6±1.3, 6.6±0.8** 6.8±1.2, 7.9±1.9**
Simulated feeding: Simulated feeding:
6.7±1.1, 8.0±1.6* 6.4±0.9, 7.9±1.3*
6.8±1.1, 8.7±2.0** 6.9±0.9, 8.6±1.5**
Checkers: Checkers:
3.3±0.6, 3.8±0.7* 3.3±0.7, 3.8±0.6*
3.6±0.6, 4.4±1.0** 3.8±0.7, 4.6±1.0**
Large, light objects: Large, light objects:
3.1±0.5, 3.3±0.6* 3.0±0.4, 3.2±0.6*
3.5±0.6, 3.4±0.6** 3.6±0.7, 3.9±0.7**
Large, heavy objects: Large, heavy objects:
3.2±0.5, 3.3±0.5* 3.0±0.5, 3.1±0.4*
3.5±0.6, 3.7±0.7** 3.5±0.7, 3.8±0.7**
*20-59 years old (n=120)
**60-94 years old (n=30)
(Jebsen et al 1969; n = 360; age 20-94 years)
Measurement Properties
Validity – Moderate to High Reliability – Moderate to High

Moderate to High correlation with Klein-Bell ADL Moderate to High Test-retest reliability:
Scale (K-B Scale): Correlation for items = 0.60-0.99
K-B Scale – dressing subscale = -0.69 (Jebsen et al. 1969, n=26, mixed conditions, mean (SD) age = 34.5 (20) years)
K-B Scale – bathing/hygiene subscale = -0.57
K-B Scale – eating subscale = -0.45)
K-B Scale – overall = -0.635 Number of studies reporting reliability data: 2
(Lynch & Bridle 1989; n=18, mixed injury types, chronic SCI)
Number of studies reporting validity data: 1
Responsiveness
Floor/Ceiling Effect: Effect Size: Number of studies reporting
Not established in SCI Not established in SCI responsiveness data: 0

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Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT)

Minimal Clinically Statistical Error Typical Values

Validity – Moderate to High Reliability – Moderate to High

Number of studies reporting validity data: 1

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