Emotions in The Workplace
Emotions in The Workplace
Emotions in The Workplace
IN THE
WORKPLACE
How Employees Feel at
Work and Why It Matters
Even if our personal lives and their accompanying emotions could stay safely tucked away at
home, that doesn’t account for the numerous emotional triggers we face daily at work, such as:
This is just a tiny sample of the thousands of emotional moments that occur in the workplace each
day. Whether or not you believe emotions belong in the workplace, they certainly exist. What is
your organization doing to manage and support all those emotions?
In order to get to the bottom of emotions in the workplace, we surveyed more than 1,100
employees about their emotional experiences at work. Read on to learn more!
Your workplace has a unique culture — a way of life, shared beliefs, acceptable and unacceptable
behaviors, habits, and attitudes.
Your workplace also has a unique emotional culture. Some workplaces shy away from expressing or
addressing emotions at all costs. Others let any and all emotions reign free, to the point of toxicity.
Still others have found the perfect balance of offering support and drawing boundaries.
1
Cambridge Dictionary
Leadership and managers know the importance of regularly connecting with employees to listen
to their feedback, thoughts, and concerns. When something feels off or a stressful situation
arises, employees at all levels feel equipped to cope with their emotions and confidently express
their concerns.
These organizations also understand that work and personal lives are often difficult to separate,
and they encourage employees to do what is needed to maximize their physical, mental, and
emotional wellbeing. Work-life balance and flexibility are high priorities.
There may be a lot of gossip and avoidance because employees feel like they can’t have honest
and direct conversations with each other. Leadership rarely loops in employees on important
issues, resulting in a disconnect between employees, their work, and the organization.
In organizations where emotions are completely kept at bay, employees hide their true feelings
the moment they walk through the door. This state of suppression is not only uncomfortable and
unproductive — it’s unhealthy. Studies have found that suppressing emotions can lead to heart
disease, mental illness, intestinal problems, headaches, insomnia, and autoimmune disorders.2
In organizations where emotions run wild, things can get out of hand quickly. If negative emotions
frequently override positive emotions or if individuals don’t know how to express their emotions in
a respectful, professional manner, employees are likely to feel uncomfortable and disengaged.
2
Time Magazine — Ignoring Your Emotions is Bad for Your Health. Here’s What to Do About It.
>> In areas where you marked Always or Usually — great job! Keep up the good
work.
>> In areas where you marked Rarely or Never — these are emotional culture red
flags. Your organizational leaders should consider addressing these areas.
>> In areas where you marked Unsure — it’s okay to be unsure, but it’s not okay
to remain in the dark. Start having conversations with employees and consider
including relevant questions in your engagement and pulse surveys.
>> Performance
>> Decision making
>> Turnover
>> Negotiation
>> Conflict resolution
>> Group dynamics
>> Leadership
The following pages describe the most common positive emotions identified by
our survey participants.
3
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health — Emotions at work and mental health: emerging directions
Comfortable
“I enjoy working with clients and being able to help them. I get
satisfaction in making people happy.”
Positive Emotions —
Individual Contributors vs. Managers
52%
44%
38% 38%
34% 35%
29%
22%
INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS
MANAGERS
On the other hand, managers tend to feel energetic, enthusiastic, and happy
more often than individual contributors. This may be because managers often
act as cheerleaders, facilitators, coaches, and conflict resolvers to their teams.
The danger of negative emotions lies in their ability to multiply and spread like
a virus. It’s important for your organization to understand the most common
types of negative emotions in the workplace, how to address them in a
supportive manner, and how to proactively minimize their frequency.
The following pages describe the most common negative emotions identified
by our survey participants.
Frustrated
Negative Emotions —
Individual Contributors vs. Managers
61%
55%
53%
43%
32%
27%
INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS
MANAGERS
Managers feel stressed and frustrated more often than individual contributors,
but feel anxious less often. Increased stress is expected with the added
responsibilities and demands of managers, but organizations should try to find
ways to support managers through that stress.
Enter moral emotions. Morals are the principles that differentiate between good and bad
behavior, and they vary from person to person. Individuals have unique moral compasses that
provide immediate punishment or rewards for thoughts and behaviors.
Emotions that are influenced by our morals are called moral emotions. They include emotions
like guilt, regret, and shame — and they carry much more weight than our primary emotions.
When left unchecked, moral emotions can have a serious impact on the workplace.
Organizations must find the right balance of supporting and preventing these emotions at work.
The following pages describe which moral emotions employees perceive as most negative.
Humiliation
“Metrics there were beyond our control quite often. I felt helpless and
disgusted and anxious and just wanted to leave and not come back.”
44% 45%
39%
34%
25% 22%
YES
NO
IMMEDIATE IMMEDIATE HR EXECUTIVE/SENIOR CUSTOMERS/
COWORKERS MANAGER REPRESENTATIVES LEADERSHIP CLIENTS
Note: Chart does not include data from small percentage of “Not Applicable” responses.
73 percent feel comfortable being emotionally transparent around their immediate coworkers,
compared to 39 percent around leadership.
This further adds to the story that feeling emotionally safe at work may enhance engagement. It
could also be the case that higher levels of engagement may allow employees to feel increasingly
comfortable being emotionally transparent — likely because they feel connected and valued at work.
Engagement by Frequency
of Hiding True Emotions
83%
66%
62%
ENGAGEMENT FAVORABILITY
65%
ENGAGEMENT
YES
NO
It also makes sense that external stakeholders — like customers — are associated with very
low levels of emotional transparency. This result taps into the idea of emotional labor, a
form of outwardly displaying certain emotions to comply with organizational expectations.
Research shows that employees who use “surface acting” (giving a response they feel they
are expected to give) can suffer from increased stress and burnout. But employees who
have mastered “deep acting” (training themselves to actually feel a certain way in response)
are in a much better position to succeed.4
4
Knowledge @ Wharton — Managing Emotions in the Workplace: Do Positive and Negative Attitudes Drive Performance?
58%
52% 50%
49%
COWORKERS
MANAGERS
The data also shows employees may be more accepting of negative emotions that come from
their coworkers versus their managers. Employees depend on their managers to act as leaders
and coaches — so when managers can’t get a handle on their negative emotions, there may be
trouble brewing.
Organizations must find ways for employees to express themselves in constructive manners that
don’t negatively impact their coworkers. They should look for opportunities to assist employees
in developing proper coping mechanisms and alleviating stress. And when an inappropriate or
unprofessional outburst occurs, it should be immediately addressed and corrected.
67%
55%
50%
45%
ENGAGEMENT
FAVORABILITY
WORKING ON INTERACTING INTERACTING INTERACTING NONE OF THESE
IMMEDIATE JOB WITH WITH WITH OPTIONS CAUSES
TASKS AND IMMEDIATE IMMEDIATE CUSTOMERS/ ME TO FEEL
RESPONSIBILITIES COWORKERS MANAGER CLIENTS NEGATIVE
EMOTIONS
The factors with the most direct impact on employees — their jobs and immediate
coworkers — were the strongest sources associated with less engaged employees.
This underscores the strong link between an employee’s engagement and their
immediate job tasks and responsibilities.
FIRST: RECOGNIZE
When your emotions start to bubble up, don’t panic. Take a deep breath and recognize them for
what they are. Don’t react immediately — instead try to put a label on what it is you’re feeling. If
you feel upset, what is causing you to feel that way? Are you angry? Frustrated? A combination
of both? When did you become aware of the feeling? What triggered it? Don’t judge yourself for
feeling any which way.
THEN: UNDERSTAND
After you’ve named your emotion(s), focus on the why behind them. Dig deep and try to discover
their origin. Follow them down the pathway to where you are now. Are your emotions coming from
something within you, or something external? If it’s a familiar emotion, think about other times
you’ve felt this emotion and how you previously responded. What went well in those moments?
What didn’t? How do you want to respond differently in this moment?
FINALLY: MANAGE
Now that you’ve taken some time to cool down and reflect, you need to figure out the best way to
respond. There are no hard and fast rules for how to respond, but here are some things to consider:
On the flip side, calmly correcting or excusing the rare mistake builds trust. But if mistakes continue
to pile up, the manager and their employees should get together and create a performance
improvement plan to make sure both parties are on the same page and have clear expectations.
3. BE PRESENT.
When managers and leaders are consistently unavailable, employees tend to get anxious. Regularly
making time to connect with your team provides opportunities for you to instill confidence in your
employees, their work, and their performance. Set uninterrupted time apart for each employee at
least once a month (we recommend once a week, even if it’s a quick check-in) so employees can ask
questions, provide updates, raise concerns, and provide feedback.
>> Empower managers and their >> Amplify and celebrate successes
team members to stay connected to increase positive emotions in
and build positive relationships the workplace