Housing Reviewer
Housing Reviewer
Housing Reviewer
AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT:
Catalhuyuk (Early Settlement in Turkey)
Invention of plough and other agri dev’ts
Food Supply was controlled rendering Slash Largest neolithic city: 13 hectares; 10,000
& Burn Farming obsolete people
Clans settled in the same location Intricately assembled complex without
Organization and Hierarchy streets; walls against each other for
protection and ease of construction
Basis and Important Elements Included shrines and quarters for specialized
Communal Fire at the Center crafts, production of paintings, textile, metal,
Peripheral Protection etc.
Division of Farm Lots
Grids as channel for movement
Contemporary Versions:
RISE OF HUMAN CIVILIZATION: Medieval Ages – Decline of Roman Empire:
Cities in the Fertile Crescent were formed by the Decline of Roman power left many outposts all
Tigris and Euphrates river valleys of over Europe where growth revolved around.
Mesopotamia. Towns were fine and intimate with winding roads
and sequenced views of cathedrals or military
Eridu – acknowledged as the oldest city fortifications.
Damascus – oldest continually inhabited city
Babylon – largest city with 80,000 Medieval Ages – Spread of Christianity:
inhabitants The Christian church influenced both politics and
CITIES FROM CLASSICAL TO MEDIEVAL society in medieval civilization; united Europe.
PERIOD: Medieval Ages - Feudalism:
Greek Classical Cities: Many towns were abandoned as people fled to
Because of frequent wars, Greeks built forts country estates. Society centered on lands held
on hills or mountaintops by local lords and on manors.
Polis : city-state Medieval Ages – Mercantilism:
Ideal size of polis: 5000 male citizens
Polis was the center of community life Relatively fragmented social organizations
Hippodamus : the first noted urban planner; Development of coastal areas and ports
introduced the grid system Growth of retail outlets
Ideal City to be inhabited by 10,000 men; Growth of major population centers
divided into 3 sections (artisans, farmers, Congestion and Slums
military), with the land divided also into
sacred, public, and private
Miletus had the prototype plan of Cities from Renaissance and Baroque Period:
Hippodamus
Rebirth of classical towns:
Roman Classical Cities:
Piazza and public spaces
Adopted Greek forms but with a monumental Grand civic structures
scale that had social hierarchy Wide regular and circumferential streets
Cities were not defensive
Arts and architecture became major elements of
Public works and arts were incorporated into
town planning and urban design.
city design
Basic housing units reflected social classes “Ideal cities” were proposed.
(ie. domus and insulae)
Settlements in the Americas mostly followed
Romans as engineers: built aqueducts, European city plans:
elaborate plumbing system, network of
paved roads, etc Medieval Organic City : from boug (military
Roman Forums : symbol of power and town) and fauborg (citizen’s town) of the
center of activities medieval ages
Medieval Bastide : from French bastide (grid
or linear plans reflecting flexibility)
Laws of the Indies Town : King Philip II of Ekistics: The Science of Human Settlements
Spain’s city guidelines that produced 3 types
Ekistics:
of towns (pueblo, presidio, mission)
English Renaissance : The European From the Greek word “oikos” (home) and
Planned City (eg. Savannah) “oiko” (settling down)
Term coined by Greek planner
Industrial Revolution:
Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis
Assembly line, product standardization, mass Science of human settlements
production
Ekistics Premise:
Development of the railway system
High-density settlements “Human settlements are susceptible of
Blight in the inner cities systematic investigation”
Development of Suburbia Objectives of Ekistics as a Science:
Automobiles & highways
To understand the concepts and means of
INTERNATIONALIZATION AND implementing facts, concepts, and ideas
GLOBALIZATION: related to human settlements
Internationalization: To re-examine all principles and theories,
and to readjust the disciplines and
One Nation – One Product professions connected with settlements
Requires specialization
Local version : OTOP Ekistics Target: