Timeline of Philippine History - Wikipedia PDF

Timeline of
Philippine history
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This is a timeline of Philippine history,

comprising important legal and
territorial changes and political events
in the Philippines and their predecessor
states. To read about the background
to these events, see History of the
Philippines. See also the list of
Presidents of the Philippines.
Graphic timeline
Pre-historic
Year
Date Event Source
(BCE)
500,000 The early humans in the Cagayan cave.
People belonging to the species Homo Erectus set foot on the

400,000
Philippines.
[1]
250,000 Human habitation is said to be began.
55,000 The first Homo Sapiens in the Philippines.
Early humans made stone tools in the Tabon Cave in

50,000
Palawan.
8,000 The ancestors in the other caves: Batangas, Bulacan and

Rizal.
The other caves of Palawan: Guri and Duyong cave where the
Homo Sapiens lived.
[1]
40,000 Negritos start to settle.
At the old Kapampangan region was ten times larger than the
present borders shown on the map, years ago, a series of the
35,000 ancient Mount Pinatubo eruptions dumped lava, ashes, tephra
and lahar into the sea, forming the present landmass of the
region.
20,000 Tabon Man made stone tools in the Tabon Cave.
4,500– Multiple Austronesian migrations from Taiwan. [2][3]
300 A jade culture is said to have existed as evidenced by tens of

thousands of exquisitely crafted jade artifacts found at a site [2][3]
in Batangas province.
Earliest evidence of rice growing, domesticating chickens and

c.4000
pigs.
3,000 Presumed date of the Angono Petroglyphs.
The Igorots built forts made of stone walls that averaged

[4][5]
c.2000 several meters in width and about two to three times the
width in height around
Homo Erectus
Tabon Man.
The Tabon Cave Complex.
Stone tools.
The Negritos.
Austronesian expansion map.

The Austronesians.
An example of Ling ling-0.

Animal hunting.
Domestication of Pigs.
The Angono Petroglyphs.
11th centuries BCE

Year
Date Event Source
(BCE)
c.1000 The Late Neolithic period in the Philippines, Evidence shows by

BCE. a Yawning Jarlet on the Burial site in Leta-leta caves in
Palawan by Robert Fox which had later become National
treasure in the Philippines.
Mining in the Philippines began around 1000 BCE. The early

Filipinos worked various mines of gold, silver, copper and iron.
Jewels, gold ingots, chains, calombigas and earrings were [6]
handed down from antiquity and inherited from their
ancestors. Gold dagger handles, gold dishes, tooth plating, and
huge gold ornamets were also used.
Palawan becomes the National
treasure in the Philippines.
9th–10th centuries BCE

Year
Date Event Source
(BCE)
The beginning of Iron Age finds in Philippines also point to the

901
existence of trade between Tamil Nadu and the Philippine
BCE
Islands during the ninth and tenth centuries B.C.
Souttoukeny jewelry, 2nd century B.C.
Tamil Nadu.
1st century BCE

Year
Date Event Source
(BCE)
The Sa Huyun culture, Evidence can be found in Manunggul Jar

which is a secondary burial jar excavated from a Neolithic burial
890– site in Manunggul cave of Tabon Caves at Lipuun Point. The
710 depiction of sea-waves on the lid places this Manunggul jar in
BCE the Sa Huỳnh culture pottery tradition. These are people that
migrated in an East to West migration from the Borneo-Palawan
area to Southern Vietnam.
The people of Palawan, Cordillera an Batanes become an

600 Ancient goldsmith’s, An Ancient goldsmith shop had discovered
BCE that made the 20-centuries-old lingling-o, or omega-shaped gold
ornaments in Batanes.
c. The end of a long clan wars between Ifugao and Kalinga people,
500 The unification of the clans and tribes makes the entire society
BCE of Cordillera.
The Banaue Rice Terraces had been constructed by the Igorots

in the mountains of Ifugao for planting rice.
larger villages came about- usually based near water, which

made traveling and trading easier. The resulting ease of contact
c.400 between communities meant that they began to share similar
BCE cultural traits, something which had not previously been
possible when the communities consisted only of small kinship
groups.
300- The start of the Carabao or Water buffaloes domestication and

200 husbandry.
Pomponius Mela, Marinos of and the Periplus of the Erythraean

Sea mentioned this island in 100 BCE, and it is basically the
100 equivalent to the Indian Suvarnadvipa, the "Island of Gold."
BCE Josephus calls it in Latin Aurea, and equates the island with
biblical Ophir, from where the ships of Tyre and Solomon
brought back gold and other trade items.
The Sa Huỳnh culture.
Bubuls (household deities), figures for

Ancestor Worship.
Example of cave painting in Tabon
Caves what Maise believes to be a
cave painting depicting Manjusri.
the panoramic view of Banaue Rice
Terraces in Benguet.
Carabao.
1st century AD
Year Date Event Source
The Philippines is believed by some historians to be the island of

21
Chryse, the "Golden One," which is the name given by ancient
AD
Greek writers in reference to an island rich in gold east of India.
Cebu had earlier encounter with the Greek traders in 21 AD.
Cebu had earlier encounter with the

Greek traders in 21 AD.
2nd−3rd century
Since at least the 3rd century, the indigenous peoples were in

contact with other Southeast Asian and East Asian
nations.Fragmented ethnic groups established numerous city-
101 states formed by the assimilation of several small political units
known as barangay each headed by a Datu or headman (still in
use among non-Hispanic Filipino ethnic groups) and answerable
to a king, titled Lakan and Rajah.
c.200 The Maitum Jars are anthropomorphic jars that were depicting a
AD Child/ Human beings (head is the lead of the jar with ears and
the body was the jar itself with hands and feet as the handle)
with perforations in red and black colors, had been used as a
secondary burial jars in Ayub cave, Pinol, Maitum Sarangani
province, each of the jars had a "facial expression". Another
example of funeral pottery in the Philippines.
Marks the end of the Sa Huyun Culture, The People are merged
into different Chiefdoms, Kingdoms and Thalassocracies, But
the remnants of Sa Huyun has still practiced by the natives of
Masbate the artifacts can be found in Kalanay Cave proof that
the ancient Masbatenios still practiced the Sa Huyun culture
until 1500 AD.
The period of Three Kingdoms in China. The "Little, dark people"

220– living in Anwei province in South China were driven South by
263 Han people. Some settled in Thailand, others went farther south
AD. to Indonesia, Sumatra, Borneo. They were known as Aetas from
whom Palawan's Batak tribe descended.
The balangay replica docked at CCP
Harbor Manila after its South East
Asian expedition.
Deer hunting natives.

The Maitum Jars.
Maharlika, A Tagalog royal couple.

A Visayan royal couple.
A Kawal (warrior knight).

The Alipin (slaves).
the Timawas (A free men) or a Middle

class peoples.
4th century onwards
The development of inter-island and international trade, became

400
more culturally homogeneous.
The Thalassocracies Converted to Hinduism and Buddhism and

adopted the Hindu-Buddhist culture and religion flourished
among the noblemen in this era.
The Greater India.

The spread of Hinduism.
7th century
The Chiefdoms of Zabag and Wak-Wak situated in present day

c.601 Pampanga and Aparri specialized the trade with Japan and the
Kingdom of Ryukyu in Okinawa and Hyrum tambok.
Numerous prosperous centers of trade had emerged, including

the Tondo, Kingdom of Namayan which flourished alongside
Manila Bay, Cebu, Iloilo, Butuan, the Kingdom of Sanfotsi
situated in Pangasinan.

Flag of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
Manila Bay
8th century
The Birth of Kawi script, this Abugida are become widely used in
700 the Maritime Southeast Asia, the word Kawi or Kawikaan means
"Poetry" in Sanskrit.
the Kawi script.
10th century
End of prehistory. Laguna Copperplate Inscription, the earliest

known Philippine document, is written in the Manila area in
900 April 21 Kawi script.
Rise of Indianized Kingdom of Tondo around Manila Bay.
Hinduism spread across the archipelago.
The earliest date suggested for direct Chinese contact with the
971- Philippines was 982. At the time, merchants from "Ma-i" (now [7][8]
982 thought to be either Bay, Laguna on the shores of Laguna de
Bay, or a site on the island of Mindoro
Buddhism and Hinduism along with the Animism become the

1000 religion of the most of Philippine archipelago by the influence
of its neighbors.
Around the feet of Mt.Kamhatik near Mulanay town in Quezon

Province once stood a 280-hectare ancient village where the
c.1025 [9][10]
archeologists found a 1000 year-old limestone coffins on a
AD
jungle-covered mountain top from 2011–2012 proof of the
advance burial rituals of the early Filipinos.

The world in 900 AD and the location

of Tondo

Expansion of Buddhism, originated

from India in the 6th century BCE to the
rest of Asia until present.

The Laguna Copperplate Inscription

(LCI).
11th century
People from Central Vietnam called Orang Dampuan establish

1000
trade zones in Sulu
March Song Shih document records tributary delegation from the Indic
1001
17 Rajahnate of Butuan.
The construction of Idjangs in Batanes Islands (mountain

1003
fortress-cities) built by Ivantans.

The Orang Dampuan in Central

Vietnam.
12th century
The Malay immigrants arrived In Palawan, most of their

1007
settlements were ruled by Malay chieftains.
1150 Gat Timamanukum become the Lakan of the Tondo Dynasty.
At the time, the trade in large native Ruson-tsukuri (literally

Luzon made in Japanese: 呂宋製 or 呂宋つくり ) clay jars used
for storing green tea and rice wine with Japan flourished in the
c.1155 12th century, and local Tagalog, Kapampangan and
Pangasinense potters had marked each jar with Baybayin
letters denoting the particular urn used and the kiln the jars
were manufactured in.
The Visayan Confederation of Madyas conducted a series of

1174–
raids on Formosa (Modern day Taiwan), which was part of
1175
Song Dynasty China.
1175 Namayan reaches its peak.
Before the establishment of the Sultanate of Sulu, The

c. Indianized chiefdom of Lupah Sug (which is the present day
1180 Jolo, Sulu) was flourishing. Dwelling of the Buranun peoples
under the rule of Rajah Sipad the Older.

The Ruson-tsukuri (literally Luzon

made in Japanese: 呂宋製 or 呂宋つく
り ) clay jars used for storing green tea

and rice wine.

The Pintados.
An ancient battleship called Karakowa,

similar to the Balangay.

Dayang is a royal title held for Princess

or Queen.

The territorial extent of Namayan and

its capital Sapa (Now called Sta.Ana,
Manila).
13th century
The Indonesians of the Majapahit in the 13th century went to

Palawan, they brought with them Buddhism and preached to the
1200
natives, natives converted their faith from Animism and become
Buddhists.
The process of Kabayan mummification had begun in Ibaloi

Benguet which is also called Fire mummies.
Tondo expands its territories north towards Kapampangan

1221
kingdom, in the leadership of Rajah Alon.
Tondo expands its territories southward towards Kumindang

1221 (which is the present location of Batangas province), in the
leadership of Rajah Alon.
Tondo expands its territories southward towards Bicolandia in

1223
the leadership of Rajah Alon.
1240 Tuan Masha'ika, an Arab, travels and introduces Islam to Sulu.
1225 The Tondo conquered the most of Southern Luzon.
The Buddhist Huangdom of Ma-i was flourishing in the island of

Mindoro, became a Tributary state to Song Dynasty in the
leadership of Gat Sa Lihan as their Huang (king). Zhao Rugua, a
superintendent of maritime trade in Fukien province wrote the
book entitled Zhu Fan Zhi ("Account of the Various Barbarians")
in which he described trade with a country called Ma-i in the
island of Mindoro in Luzon,(pronounced "Ma-yi") which was a
prehispanic Philippine state.

Chinese porcelain-ware, Kangxi era

(1662–1722), Qing Dynasty. Ancient
Chinese porcelain excavated in
Mindoro, Philippines; proves the
existence of trade between the island
and Imperial China. This consequently
validates Chinese historical records of
the area.

The Surya Majapahit
The Watawat of the Tondo Dynasty.

A native warrior from Luzon.
Two Lantaka guns.
14th century
The Rajahnate of Cebu was founded after the rebellion of Sri

1300 Lumay against the Maharajah of Chola Dynasty had
succeeded.
The Residents of Mandaluyong have always been known for

their industry. Men did the laundry to the amusement of non-
c.1305
residents until shortly after the war, while the women ironed
the clothes.
1365 Kingdom of Tondo defeated Majapahit in the Battle of Manila.
The Sulus attacked Majapahit and its province Po-ni (Brunei),

looting it of treasure and gold. A fleet from Majapahit
1369
succeeded in driving away the Sulus, but Po-ni was left weaker
after the attack.
1380 Sheikh Karim-ul Makhdum arrives in Jolo and builds a Mosque. [11]
Baguinda Ali arrives in Buansa, Sulu and the people named him [11]
1390
Rajah.
Birth of the Baybayin, Hanunoo, Tagbanwa, and Buhid scripts

1400
from Brahmi.
Paduka Pahala reigned as the King of Lupah Sug in Sulu. He

and his family and 300 other people of noble descent sailed to
China, he was to pay tribute to the Yongle Chinese emperor,
1411 Zhu Di, who was of the Ming Dynasty. While he was welcomed
by the emperor upon his arrival in China, he nevertheless
contracted a mysterious disease on his way home and died at
Dezhou, a town in Shandong province in China.

The Baybayin.
The Visayan Timagua, a warrior caste.

The Sulus attacked Majapahit and it's

province Po-ni (Brunei), looting it of
treasure and gold.
The Yongle Emperor.

15th century
The Yongle Emperor instituted a Chinese envoy on Luzon

during Zheng He's voyages and appointed Ko Ch'a-lao to that
1405 position in 1405. China also had vassals among the leaders
in the archipelago. China attained ascendancy in trade with
the area in Yongle's reign.
December The Yongle Emperor holds a banquet in honor of Pangasinan

1411
11 and its Huang Liyu.
[12]
1457 Sultanate of Sulu founded by Sayyid Abubakar Abirin.
The Lucoes, or warriors from Luzon send soldiers to the

October
Burmese Siamese wars and faced the White elephants of the
1458– 1547 –
Royal Burmese Army, at the same time also aiding the
1459 February
Burmese King for the conquest of the Siamese capital,
1549
Ayuthaya.
Namayan Become the Vassal state of the Tondo Dynasty

and instated Lakan Takhan as sovereign. The vast Kingdom
comprised what are now Quiapo, San Miguel, Sta, Mesa,
1470 Paco, Pandacan, Malate, Sta. Ana in Manila, and
Mandaluyong, San Juan, Makati, Pasay, Pateros, Taguig,
Parañaque, and portions of Pasig and Quezon City up to
Diliman that were then part of Mandaluyong.

The Burmese Siamese wars: Painting

by Prince Narisara Nuvadtivongs,
depicting Queen Suriyothai (center) on
her elephant putting herself between
King Maha Chakkraphat (right) and the
Viceroy of Prome (left).

Flag of the Sultanate of Sulu.
16th century
1500 In the Battle of Manila the Tondo Dynasty defeated by

Bruneian Empire. And the Rise of Kingdom of Maynila
the puppet state under the Bolkiah dynasty had
installed its puppet ruler under Rajah Sulayman.
The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in recorded history,

The Buag Eruptive Period, Its eruptions were roughly
the same size as those of 1991.
Sultan Bolkiah of Bruniean Empire Allies which is

Maynla, Sultanate of Sulu and Maguindanao had failed
to attack the Panay Island and wage a war against the
Madyas Confederation.
1521 Discovery of the Philippines: Portuguese Ferdinand

Magellan lands on Homonhon with three small ships,
named the Concepcion, Trinidad and Victoria. Magellan [1][13][14][15][16]
March 16 [17]
calls the place the Archipelago de San Lazaro since
March 16 is the feast day of Saint Lazarus. He also
lands on Samar island.
March 28 Magellan reaches the Philippines [14][15]
Blood Compact between Magellan and Rajah Kulambo [14][15]

March 29
of Limasawa
March 31 The first mass on Philippine soil is celebrated. [15][17][18]
Magellan lands on Cebu; meets Rajah Humabon of [1][14][15]

April 7
Cebu and enters into another Blood Compact.
The first Mass in Cebu province is celebrated, with

April 14 about 500 natives, including Rajah Humabon and his [19]
wife, baptized into the Catholic Church.
Magellan is killed by Lapu-Lapu in the battle of Mactan; [14][15][19]

April 27
Spaniards defeated.
Spain sends an expedition under Juan Garcia Jofre de

[13][15]
1525 Loaysa to the Philippines. The Loaysa Expedition failed
Spain sends another expedition under Juan Cabot to [15]
1526
the Philippines. The Cabot Expedition also failed
Spain sends a fourth expedition under Alvaro de [15]

1527
Saavedra to the Philippines.
Saavedra's expedition returns to Spain without [15]

1529
Saavedra who died on the way home.
The Loaysa expedition returns to Spain. One of its [15]

1536
survivors is Andres de Urdaneta, its chronicler.
1543 Spain sends a fifth expedition under Ruy López de [15]

Villalobos to the Philippines. The Expedition succeeds.
Villalobos arrives in the Philippines and names the

islands of Samar and Leyte as Las Islas Filipinas in
February [15][17]
honor of the crown prince of Spain, Philip of Asturias;
2
he also becomes the first to explore Mindanao island,
naming it "Cesarea Caroli."
[13]
Arrival of the Augustinians
February Miguel López de Legazpi arrives in the Philippines, [1][13][15][20]

13 landing in Cebu, with four ships and 380 men
April 27 Legazpi returns to Cebu; settlement established.
Legazpi established the first permanent Spanish [15][20]

May 8
1565 settlement in the country
Legazpi, representing King Philip II of Spain, and Rajah

June 4 Tupas of Cebu signed the Treaty of Cebu, effectively
establishing Spanish suzerainty over Cebu.
Philippines was governed as a territory of the

Viceroyalty of New Spain.
1567 Dagami Revolt (1567) [21][22][23][24][25]
The Portuguese, under the command of General

1568
Gonzalo de Pereira, attack Cebu and blockade its port.
[26]
Present-day Capiz Province becomes a Spanish
settlement.
Legazpi moves the seat of government from Cebu to [13]

1569
Iloilo.
King Philip II of Spain, through a royal decree, creates

Cebu as the country's first Spanish province; he also [27]
August 6
appoints Miguel Lopez de Legazpi as governor and
captain general of the territory.
1570 The Portuguese again attack the colony and are

repulsed.
Legazpi sends an expedition under the leadership of [20]

May
Martin de Goiti to Manila.
Legazpi establishes municipality of Cebu and names it

January 1 "Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus" (Town of the [17][28]
Most Holy Name of Jesus).
The ruler of Manila, Rajah Suliman, wages war against

May 19
1571 the Spaniards
Legazpi establishes the Spanish Colonial Government [13][20]

June 24
in Manila and proclaims it the capital of the colony
December Provincehood of Pampanga, first province in Luzon to [29]

11 be inaugurated by the Spaniards.
Legazpi dies and Guido de Lavezaris succeeds him as [13][20][30]

1572 August 20
Governor-General (1572–1575)
Enslavement of Filipinos is prohibited by a royal cedula

November [29]
from the Spanish king, as a response to a protest
7
against it a day earlier.
Chinese pirate Limahong, with his men, invades Luzon; [13]

proceeds later to Manila.
1574 November The Chinese pirate captain Limahong attacks Manila
[13][31]
23 but fails
[13][31]
December Limahong again attacks Manila with 1500 soldiers but
2 again fails to defeat the Spaniards
[21][22][23][24][25]
December Lakandula leads a short revolt against the Spanish.
1575 Ciudad de Nueva Cáceres (later renamed as Naga City)

established by Captain Pedro de Sanchez
Juan de Salcedo defeats Limahong and his men in [13]

Pangasinan, forcing them to flee into the mountains.
Francisco de Sande appointed Governor-General [30]

August 25
(1575–1580)
[13]
1577 Arrival of the Franciscans
[32][33]
1579 Diocese of Manila established
1580 Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñaloza appointed Governor- [30]

April
General (1580–1583)
April 5 Establishment of Pangasinan as a provincial unit. [26]
King Philip II of Spain becomes King of Portugal, ending

the Portuguese harassment of the Philippines
The Spaniards institute forced labor on all male natives

aged 16 to 60.
[13]
Arrival of the country's first bishop, Salazar.
1581
Arrival of the Jesuits [13]
Battles take place between Spanish forces and

1582
Japanese Ronin
Diego Ronquillo appointed Governor-General (1583– [30]

March 10
1583 1584)
[34]
August A great fire destroys Manila.
Santiago de Vera appointed Governor-General (1584– [30]

1584 May 16
1590)
1585 Pampangos Revolt (1585) [21][22][23][24][25]
1586 The construction of San Agustin Church in Intramuros.

Arrival of the Dominicans [13]
1587
Conspiracy of the Maharlikas (1587–1588) [21][22][23][24][25]
1589 Revolts Against the Tribute (1589) [21][22][23][24][25]
1590 Missionaries from the Society of Jesus established the [4][35][36]

Colegio de Manila in Intramuros.
Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas appointed Governor-General [30]

June 1
(1590–1593)
Miguel de Benavides's Doctrina Christiana in Chinese

1592
published
1593 Doctrina Christiana in Spanish and Tagalog is published

in the first printing press said to be established by [37][38]
Dominicans.
[30]
October Pedro de Rojas appointed Governor-General (1593)
December Luis Pérez Dasmariñas appointed Governor-General [30]

3 (1593–1596)
1594 Convent of Santa Isabel founded [13]
1595 Diocese of Manila raised to an Archbishopric [32][33]
Diocese of Nueva Segovia established. [32][33]
[32][33]
Diocese of Caceres established.
[32][33]
Diocese of Cebu established.
Colegio de San Ildefonso founded in Cebu

[21][22][23][24][25]
1596 Magalat Revolt (1596)
Francisco de Tello de Guzmán appointed Governor- [30]

July 14
General (1596–1602)
Colegio de Santa Potenciana, the first school for girls in [35][39][40][41]

1598
the Philippines, established
1600 Pedro Bucaneg inscribes the oral epic Biag ni Lam-ang

Territorial extent of the Bruneian

Empire.
Lapu-Lapu, the King of Mactan island

in Cebu.

Ferdinand Magellan.
The Blood Compact between Datu

Sikatuna and Spaniards fleet.

The Battle of Mactan.
The San Agustin Church, the oldest

catholic church in the Philippines.

The Doctrina Christiana was an early

book of Roman Catholic Catechism,
written in 1593 by Fray Juan de
Plasencia, and is believed to be one of
the earliest printed books in the
Philippines.

Pedro Bucaneg written the epic poem

of Biag ni Lam-ang.
17th century
1600 The Dutch attacks the archipelago in a tactical

offensive during the European war between Spain and
the Netherlands
Bandala System is formed by the Spanish Colonial

Government
The Galleon trade between Manila and Acapulco,

Mexico begins.
1601 Igorot Revolt (1601). [21][22][23][24][25]
August 1 Colegio de San Jose is established [35][42][43][44]
[21][22][23][24][25]
1602 Chinese revolt of 1602
Pedro Bravo de Acuña appointed Governor-General [30]

May
(1602–1606).
[13]
Arrival of the Recollects
1606 Cristóbal Téllez de Almanza appointed Governor- [30]
June 24
General (1606–1608) by the Audiencia Real.
Rodrigo de Vivero y Velasco appointed Governor- [30]

1608 June 15
General (1608–1609).
Juan de Silva appointed Governor-General (1609– [30]

1609 April
1616).
University of Santo Tomas established as the Colegio

1611 April 28 de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario (later [35][45][46]
renamed the Colegio de Santo Tomas).
Andrés Alcaraz appointed Governor-General (1616– [30]

1616 April 19
1618) by the Audiencia Real.
Alonso Fajardo de Entenza appointed Governor- [30]

1618 July 3
General (1618–1624).
University of Santo Tomas, then known as Colegio de

Nuestra Señora del Santissimo Rosario, recognized by [45][46]
1619
the Holy See.
Colegio de San Juan de Letran established as the [35][47][48][49]
1620
Colegio de Huerfanos de San Pedro y San Pablo.
1621 The Colegio de Manila raised to the status of a

[4][35]
University and renamed as the Universidad de San
Ignacio by Pope Gregory XV.
[21][22][23][24][25]
Tamblot Revolt (1621–1622)
Bankaw Revolt (1621–1622) [21][22][23][24][25]
1624 Jeronimo de Silva appointed Governor-General (1624– [30]

July
Fernando de Silva appointed Governor-General (1624– [30]

July
1626).
[21][22][23][24][25]
1625 Isneg Revolt (1625–1627)
Juan Niño de Tabora appointed Governor-General [30]

1626 June 29
(1626–1632).
University of Santo Tomas, then Colegio de Santo

1627 Tomas, authorized to confer degrees by Pope Urban [45][46]
VIII.
1632 Lorenzo de Olaza appointed Governor-General (1632– [30]

July 22
[35][50][51]
Colegio de Santa Isabel established
Juan Cerezo de Salamanca appointed Governor- [30]

1633 August 29
General (1632–1635).
Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera appointed Governor- [30]

1635 June 25
General (1635–1644).
Sucesos Felices is published by Tomas Pinpin; first [37]

1637
newsletter in the country.
[21][22][23][24][25]
1639 Cagayan Revolt (1639)
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria established as [35][52]

1640
the first Public University in the Philippines
[35][52]
1643 Universidad de San Felipe de Austria closed down
[21][22][23][24][25]
Ladia Revolt (1643)
Diego Fajardo Chacón appointed Governor-General [30]

1644 August 11
(1644–1653).
An earthquake destroys Manila. [13]
The Colegio de Santo Tomas raised to the status of a

university and renamed as University of Santo Tomas [45][46]
1645 by Pope Innocent X, upon the request of King Philip IV
of Spain.
Zambales Revolt (1645) [21][22][23][24][25]
Pampanga Revolt (1645) [21][22][23][24][25]
Spanish and Filipino forces defeat the Dutch invaders

[28]
1646 October 4 in an encounter, their fifth and final battle, at the
Manila Bay near Corregidor in Cavite.
Dutch besieged the Spanish in the Battle of Puerto de

1647
Cavite.
1649 Sumuroy Revolt (1649–50) [21][22][23][24][25]
Pintados Revolt (1649–50) [21][22][23][24][25]
Sabiniano Manrique de Lara appointed Governor- [30]

1653 July 25
General (1653–1663).
[21][22][23][24][25]
1660 Zambal Revolt (1660)
[21][22][23][24][25]
October 7 Maniago Revolt (1660) [31]
December [21][22][23][24][25]
Malong Revolt (1660–1661) [28]
15
1661 Ilocano Revolt (1661) [21][22][23][24][25]
[21][22][23][24][25]
1662 Chinese revolt of 1662
1663 September Diego de Salcedo appointed Governor-General (1663– [30]

8 1668).
[21][22][23][24][25]
Tapar Revolt (1663)
September Juan Manuel de la Peña Bonifaz appointed Governor- [30]

1668
28 General (1668–1669).
September Manuel de León appointed Governor-General (1669– [30]

1669
24 1677).
1677 Francisco Coloma appointed Governor-General (1677) [30]

September by the Audiencia Real.
21 Francisco Sotomayor y Mansilla appointed Governor- [30]
General (1677–1678) by the Audiencia Real.
September Juan de Vargas y Hurtado appointed Governor-General [30]

1678
28 (1678–1684).
University of Santo Tomas placed under Royal [45][46]

1680 May 12
Patronage by King Charles II of Spain.
[21][22][23][24][25]
1681 Sambal Revolt (1681–1683)
Gabriel de Curuzealegui y Arriola appointed Governor- [30]

1684 August 24
General (1684–1689).
1686 The construction of Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte.
Tingco plot (1686)
Alonso de Avila Fuertes appointed Governor-General [30]

1689 April
(1689–1690) by the Audiencia Real
Fausto Cruzat y Gongora appointed Governor-General [30]

1690 July 25
(1690–1701).

The UST, The oldest university in Asia.
The Manila-Acapulco Galleon

Memorial at Plaza Mexico in
Intramuros, Manila.

The Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte.
18th century
December Domingo Zabálburu de Echevarri appointed Governor- [30]

1701
8 General (1701–1709).
North Borneo is ceded by the sultan of Brunei to the [26]

1704
sultan of Sulu.
Martín de Urzua y Arismendi appointed Governor- [30]

1709 August 25
General (1709–1715).
Jose Torralba appointed Governor-General (1715– [30]

1715 February 4
Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda [30]

1717 August 9
appointed Governor-General (1717–1719).
1718 Rivera Revolt (1718) [21][22][23][24][25]
1719 October Archbishop Francisco de la Cuesta of Manila becomes [30]

11 acting Governor-General (1719–1721).
[21][22][23][24][25]
Caragay Revolt (1719)
Toribio José Cosio y Campo appointed Governor- [30]

1721 August 6
General (1721–1729).
1722 Colegio de San Jose conferred with the title Royal.
Fernándo Valdés y Tamon appointed Governor-General [30]

1729 August 14
(1729–1739).
Gaspar de la Torre appointed Governor-General (1739– [30]

1739 July
1745).
Dagohoy Rebellion (1744–1829), the longest in

[27]
1744 country's history, wherein Bohol is proclaimed
independent from the Spanish.
1745 September Archbishop Juan Arrechederra of Manila becomes [30]

21 acting Governor-General (1745–1750).
[21][22][23][24][25]
Agrarian Revolt (1745–1746)
1750 July 20 Jose Francisco de Obando y Solis appointed Governor- [30]

General (1750–1754).
1754 Mt Taal emits magma and destroys the towns of Lipa,

May 15
Sala, Tanauan and Talisay.
Pedro Manuel de Arandia Santisteban appointed [30]

July 26
Governor-General (1754–1759).
Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta appointed Governor-General [30]

1759 June
(1759–1761).
Archbishop Manuel Rojo del Rio y Vieyra of Manila [30]

1761 July
appointed Governor-General (1761–1762).
1762 Palaris Revolt (1762–1765)
Camarines Revolt (1762–1764)
Cebu Revolt (1762–1764)
British forces looted and plundered many of Manila

establishments through the so-called Rape of Manila.
September British fleet entered seizes Manila Bay as part of the

22 Seven Years' War
Manila fell under the British rule; start of the British [1][13]
October 5
occupation.
Simón de Anda y Salazar appointed Governor-General

(1762-17614) by the Real Audiencia. Provisional [30]
October 6
Government established in Bacolor, Pampanga with de
Anda as dictator.
Gov. Gen. de Anda moves the seat of the Spanish

[28]
October 8 government to Bacolor, Pampanga, becoming the
temporary capital of the Philippines (1762–1764).
The British East India Company commissioned The Rt

November [30]
Hon. Dawsonne Drake became the first British
2
governor-general of the Philippines until 1764.
November [28]
Silang Revolt (1762–63)
14
1763 Dabo and Marayac Revolt (1763)
Isabela Revolt (1763).
February
Treaty of Paris implicitly returns Manila to Spain.
10
May 28 Death of Diego Silang [28]
Execution of Gabriela Silang, the only Filipina to have [28]

September
led a revolt
1764 de Anda hands over the control of the colonial

[30]
March 17 government to Francisco Javier de la Torre, newly
appointed Governor-General (1764–1765)
The last of the British ships that sailed to Manila

June 11 leaves the Philippines for India, ending the British [13]
occupation.
1765 Royal Fiscal of Manila Don Francisco Léandro de Viana

writes the famous letter to King Charles III of Spain,
February later called as "Viana Memorial of 1765". The
10 document advised the king to abandon the colony due
to the economic and social devastation created by the
Seven Years' War. The suggestion was not heeded.
José Antonio Raón y Gutiérrez appointed Governor- [30]

July 6
General (1765–1770)
Governor Raon orders the minting of parallelogramic-

[30]
shaped coins called barrillas, the first coined minted in
the Philippines.
The Society of Jesus in the Philippines is expelled by

Raón after receiving a dated later from Charles III's
1769 July 23 chief minister Don Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea on
March 1, 1767. The Jesuit's Properties are confiscated
by the Spanish Colonial Government
Simón de Anda y Salazar appointed Governor-General

1770 July [30]
(1770–1776)
Moro pirates traveled all over the country and raids
1771 many fishing villages in Manila Bay, Mariveles,
Parañaque, Pasay and Malate.
November Parishes secularized by order of King Charles III of

1774
9 Spain.
October Pedro de Sarrio appointed Governor-General (1776– [30]

1776
30 1778)
José Basco y Vargas appointed Governor-General [30]

1778 July
(1778–1787)
Real Sociedad Economica de los Amigos del Pais de

Filipinas (Royal Economic Society of Friends of the
Philippines) introduced in the Philippines to offer local
1780
and foreign scholarships and professorships to
Filipinos, and financed trips of scientists from Spain to
the Philippines
Bishop Mateo Joaquin de Arevalo of Cebu establishes

the Colegio-Seminario de San Carlos (later renamed as
the University of San Carlos) from the old building of
the defunct Colegio de San Ildefonso, which was
closed down in 1769 after the suppression of the
1783
Jesuits.
An island group, which would be named Batanes, is

annexed to the Philippines by the Spanish and is [26]
June 26
founded as a province called Provincia de la
Concepcion.
1785 Lagutao Revolt (1785).
University of Santo Tomas granted Royal Title by King [45][46]

May 20
Charles III of Spain.
September Pedro de Sarrio appointed Governor-General (1787– [30]

1787
22 1788)
1788 Ilocos Norte Revolt (1788).

Birth of the greatest Tagalog poet from Bulacan
April 2
Francisco "Balagtas" Baltazar.
Félix Berenguer de Marquina appointed Governor- [30]

July 1
General (1788–1793)
September Rafael María de Aguilar y Ponce de León appointed [30]

1793
1 Governor-General (1793–1806)
Francisco Baltazar, A Poet and the

author of the novel Florante at Laura.

the IHS logo Society of Jesus .
19th century
1805 Nueva Vizcaya Revolt (1805)
Mariano Fernández de Folgueras appointed Governor- [30]

1806 August 7
General (1806–1810)
September [53]
1807 Ambaristo Revolt (1807)
16
French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte installs his brother

1808 May
Joseph Bonaparte as King of Spain.
King Joseph Bonaparte gives Filipinos Spanish

January
1809 Citizenship and grants the colony representation in the
22
Spanish Cortes
Manuel Gonzalez de Aguilar appointed Governor-General [30]

1810 March 4
(1806–1813)
Del Superior Govierno is established in Manila by Gov.

1811 Gen. Fernandez de Folgueras; the country's first [37][54]
newspaper lasted six months.
1812 March 19 The Spanish Cortes promulgates the Cadiz Constitution
The first Philippine delegates to the Spanish Cortes,

September
Pedro Perez de Tagle and Jose Manuel Coretto take their
24
oath of office in Madrid, Spain.
1813 March 17 The Cadiz Constitution implemented in Manila.
September José Gardoqui Jaraveitia appointed Governor-General [30]

4 (1806–1816)
October Napoleon is defeated in the Battle of the Nations near

16 Leipzig
British General Duke of Wellington drives the Napoleonic

October
forces out of Spain
Ferdinand VII proclaimed as King of Spain; Conservatives

return to the Spanish Cortes
1814
Mt. Mayon erupts, affecting Albay and leaving 1,200
February 1 dead. [55]
1815 June 18 Napoleon is defeated in Waterloo
October
Napoleon is exiled in St. Helena's Island
15
1816 Cadiz Constitution is rejected by the conservative

government and Filipino representation in the Spanish
Cortes is abolished
December Mariano Fernández de Folgueras appointed Governor- [30]

10 General (1816–1822)
A royal decree divides old Ilocos province into Ilocos [17][56]

1818 February 2
Norte and Ilocos Sur.
October Juan Antonio Martinez appointed Governor-General [30]

1822
30 (1822–1825)
October Mariano Ricafort Palacín y Abarca appointed Governor- [30]

1825
14 General (1825–1830)
Earthquake strikes Manila destroying many of its

1828
buildings
1829 August 31 Dagohoy Revolt in Bohol ended. [27]
1830 December Pascual Enrile y Alcedo appointed Governor-General [30]

23 (1830–1835)
Manila is opened to the world market

[30]
1835 March 1 Gabriel de Torres appointed Governor-General (1835)
[30]
April 23 Joaquín de Crámer appointed Governor-General (1835)
September Pedro Antonio Salazar Castillo y Varona appointed [30]

9 Governor-General (1835)
Chamber of Commerce is formed
1837 Andrés García Camba appointed Governor-General [30]

August 27
(1837–1838)
Manila is made an open port.

1838 December [30]
Luis Lardizábal appointed Governor-General (1838–1841)
29
Florante at Laura is published.
1841 February Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri appointed Governor- [30]

14 General (1841–1843)
Samar province (later Western Samar) is declared

independent, separating from the provinces of Leyte and [53]
August 11
Cebu, through a decree issued by Queen Isabela III of
Spain.
November Apolinario Dela Cruz better known as Hermano Pule was

4 executed.
Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre appointed [30]

1843 June 17
Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa appointed Governor-General [30]

1844 July 16
(1844–1849)
December La Esperanza is established by Miguel Sanchez; the [37][54]

1846
1 country's first daily newspaper lasted three years.
Diario de Manila, best edited newspaper, is published [37][54]

1848
(1848–1899).
December Antonio María Blanco appointed Governor-General [30]

1849
26 (1849–1850)
Antonio de Urbistondo y Eguía appointed Governor- [30]

1850 July 29
General (1850–1853)
December
1852 Glowing avalanche from Mt Hibok-Hibok.
4
December Ramón Montero y Blandino appointed Governor-General [30]

1853
20 (1853–1854)
1854 February 2 Manuel Pavía y Lacy appointed Governor-General (1854) [30]
October Ramón Montero y Blandino appointed Governor-General

[30]
28 (1854)
November Manuel Crespo y Cebrían appointed Governor-General [30]

20 (1854)
December Ramón Montero y Blandino appointed Governor-General [30]

1856
5 (1856–1857)
January Fernándo Norzagaray y Escudero appointed Governor- [30]

1857
12 General (1857–1860)
1859 Jesuits return to the Philippines
Jesuits takes over the Escuela Municipal and establishes

the Ateneo Municipal
[13]
The country's first Masonic lodge is founded in Cavite.
January Ramón María Solano y Llanderal appointed Governor- [30]

1860 12 General (1860)
Juan Herrera Davila appointed Governor-General (1860– [30]

August 29
1861)
1861 José Lemery e Ibarrola Ney y González appointed [30]

February 2
[57]
June 19 Birth of Jose Rizal, one of the country' national heroes
Escuela de Artes Y Oficios de Bacolor established as

Asia's oldest vocational school.
El Pasig is published, a bilingual fortnightly paper, one of [37]

the first native newspapers.
[30]
1862 July 7 Salvador Valdés appointed Governor-General (1862)
Rafaél de Echagüe y Bermingham appointed Governor- [30]

July 9
General (1862–1865)
1863 June 3 An earthquake leaves Manila in ruins [13]
November
Andres Bonifacio, founder of the Katipunan, was born.
30
1864 July 23 Apolinario Mabini, the Brains of the Revolution, was born.
1865 University of Santo Tomas made the center for public
instruction throughout the Philippines by royal decree of [45][46]
Queen Isabella II of Spain.
Observatorio Meteorológico del Ateneo Municipal de

Manila (Manila Observatory) established by the Jesuits
Joaquín del Solar e Ibáñez appointed Governor-General [30]

March 24
(1862–1865)
Juan de Lara e Irigoyen appointed Governor-General [30]

April 25
(1862–1865)
1866 José Laureano de Sanz y Posse appointed Governor- [30]

July 13
General (1866)
September [30]
Juan Antonio Osorio appointed Governor-General (1866)
21
September Joaquín del Solar e Ibáñez appointed Governor-General [30]

27 (1866)
October José de la Gándara y Navarro appointed Governor- [30]

26 General (1866–1869)
Colegio de Santa Isabel established in Naga by Bishop

1867 Francisco Gainza, OP of Nueva Caceres, through the royal [53]
decree of Queen Isabella II of Spain.
1869 November Suez Canal opened; shortening duration of travel from the [29]
17 Philippines to Europe.
Colegio de Santa Isabel inaugurated as the first Normal

School in Southeast Asia
June 7 Manuel Maldonado appointed Governor-General (1869) [30]
Carlos María de la Torre y Navacerrada appointed [30]

June 23
1871 The Gabinete de Fisica of the University of Santo Tomas [45][46]

established as the first Museum in the Philippines.
The Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the University

[45][46]
of Santo Tomas is established as the first school of
Medicine and Pharmacy in the Philippines.
Rafael de Izquierdo y Gutíerrez appointed Governor- [30]

April 4
General (1871–1873)
1872 January [13][58]

About 200 Filipinos stage a mutiny in Cavite.
20
Priests Mariano Gomez, José Apolonio Burgos, and

February [13]
Jacinto Zamora (together known as Gomburza) are
17
implicated in the Cavite Mutiny and executed.
[30]
1873 January 8 Manuel MacCrohon appointed Governor-General (1873)
January Juan Alaminos y Vivar appointed Governor-General [30]

24 (1873–1874)
1874 Manuel Blanco Valderrama appointed acting Governor- [30]

March 17
General (1874)
José Malcampo y Monje appointed Governor-General [30]

June 18
(1874–1877)
The Colegio de San Jose incorporated into the Faculty of

[45][46][59][60]
Medicine and Pharmacy of the University of Santo
Tomas.
1875
Colegio de Santa Isabel (now a university) is established
September [53]
in present-day Camarines Sur province as the country's
18
first normal school for girls.
Spanish colonial government conducts the first official [27]

national census in the country.
1877
February Domingo Moriones y Murillo appointed Governor-General [30]
28 (1877–1880)
Sabah is leased by the Sultan of Sulu to the British [26]

1878
North Borneo Company.
1880 Rafael Rodríguez Arias appointed Governor-General [30]

March 20
(1880)
Fernando Primo de Rivera, 1st Marquis of Estella [30]
April 15
appointed Governor-General (1880–1883)(1st Term)
Manila is connected through telegraphic cable with

Europe by Eastern Telecom.
Two shocks of an earthquake create destruction from

July 18 Manila to Santa Cruz, Luguna. Tremors continue until Aug
6
1882 Jose Rizal leaves for Spain to continue his medical

March 3
studies
June 2 Jose Rizal begins writing the Noli Me Tangere
1883 Emilio Molíns becomes acting Governor-General (1883). [30]

March 10
(First Term)
Joaquín Jovellar appointed Governor-General (1883– [30]

April 7
1885)
1884 Required forced labor of 40 days a year is reduced to 15

days by the Spanish Colonial Government.
June 21 Rizal finishes his medical studies in Spain
1885 Emilio Molíns becomes acting Governor-General (1885). [30]

April 1
(First Term)
Emilio Terrero y Perinat appointed Governor-General [30]

April 4
(1885–1888)
February [17]
Establishment of the Audiencia Territorial de Cebu.
1886 26
May 10 Felix Manalo, founder of Iglesia ni Cristo is born.
1887 May 29 Noli Me Tangere published.
October Rizal starts writing the El Filibusterismo
The Manila School of Agriculture is established.
1888 March 10 Antonio Molto becomes acting Governor-General (1888) [30]
Federico Lobaton became acting Governor-General

[30]
(1888)
Valeriano Wéyler appointed Governor-General (1888– [30]

1891)
December
La Solidaridad established
10
A petition, seeking permission for a night school, is

December [29]
submitted by 21 young women of Malolos, Bulacan to the
12
Governor-General.
La Solidaridad is first published in Spain as the [37][54]

Propaganda Movement's organ.
1889
El Ilocano is established; country's first local newspaper [37][54]
(1889–1896).
1891 March 28 Rizal finishes writing El Filibusterismo in Biarritz, France
El Filibusterismo published in Ghent, Belgium
Eulogio Despujol appointed Governor-General (1891– [30]

1893)
Diariong Tagalog is published; first native daily paper, [37]

lasted at least three months.
Rizal arrives in the Philippines from Europe via Hong

June 26
Kong
July 3 Rizal forms the La Liga Filipina
Rizal is arrested for establishing the La Liga Filipina

1892 July 7 Andres Bonifacio secretly established the Katipunan.
Rizal is exiled to Dapitan
September Filipino painter Juan Luna shot dead his wife Paz Pardo
23 De Tavera.
Ferrocaril de Manila-Dagupan is opened, country's first

November [29]
railroad line with route of Manila–Dagupan, the
24
forerunner of the Philippine National Railways.
El Hogar is established; country's first publication for and [37][54]
by women.
1893 Federico Ochando becomes acting Governor-General

March 10 [30]
(1893)
Ramón Blanco appointed Governor-General (1893–1896) [30]
July 8 Bonifacio forms the Katipunan

1894 October
[56]
Sorsogon province was separated from Albay province.
17
First local (municipal) elections
Recorded "earliest" day of celebration of independence,

1895 when Andres Bonifacio and other Katipuneros go to [61]
April 12
Pamitinan Cave in Montalban (now Rodriguez), Rizal to
initiate new Katipunan members.
Republic of Kakarong de Sili is established in Pandi, [31]

Bulacan.
Rizal is recruited as a physician for the Spanish Army in

July 1
Cuba by Governor Ramon Blanco
August 6 Rizal returns to Manila from Cuba
Katipunan is discovered by the Spanish authorities. [34]

August 19
Katipuneros flee to Balintawak
Revolution is proclaimed by Bonifacio at the Cry of

August 23
Balintawak. Katipuneros tear up their cedulas
Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto and other Katipuneros

August 26 board Rizal's ship to Barcelona. They offer his rescue but
Rizal refused
Revolutionary Battle at San Juan del Monte. Governor

Ramon Blanco proclaims a state of war in Manila,
August 30 Laguna, Cavite, Batangas, Pampanga, Bulacan, Tarlac and
Nueva Ecija.
Battle of San Juan del Monte took place.

Rizal Boards the ship Isla de Panay for Barcelona
September
Gen. Mariano Llanera leads the Filipino revolutionaries in
2 a three-day battle against the Spanish forces in San [27]
Isidro, Nueva Ecija.
Four members of Katipunan involved in the Battle of San

September
Juan del Monte, were executed on the Campo de
1896 4
Bagumbayan.
September Thirteen Filipinos were executed in Plaza de Armas in the [55]

12 town of Cavite.
October 3 Rizal arrives at Barcelona
Rizal is imprisoned in Montjuich by order of Capt. Gen.

October 4
Despujo
October 6 Rizal returns to Manila as a prisoner
A new group of the Katipunan is formed in Cavite headed

by Emilio Aguinaldo
October Emilio Aguinaldo issues his manifestos in Kawit, Cavite,
31 declaring the aim of the revolution and announcing the [28]
formation of a central revolutionary committee for the
municipal government.
November Filipino forces, under Emilio Aguinaldo, defeat the [28][29]

11 Spaniards in a battle in Kawit, Cavite.
November Rizal arrives in Manila and is incarcerated in Fort

13 Santiago
November Rizal is interrogated for charges against the Spanish

20 Colonial Government
December Camilo Polavieja becomes acting Governor-General [30]

13 (1896–1897)
December [57][62]
Rizal is executed at Bagumbayan.
30
Some 3,000 Filipino fighters die in a attack by the Spanish

January 1 soldiers against revolutionaries under Gen. Eusebio [31]
Roque in Pandi, Bulacan.
Eleven of the 15 Filipinos of Bicol were executed at the

January 4
Luneta in Manila
January Thirteen La Liga Filipina members are executed at Luneta, [55]

11 Manila.
Katipunan leader Roman Basa and eight members are [63]

February 6
executed in Bagumbayan.
February [63]
Battle of Zapote Bridge
17
The Katipunan creates a revolutionary government and

holds its election, during Tejeros Convention in Cavite, [17][64]
March 22
said to be the first election ever held in country's electoral
history. Emilio Aguinaldo is elected as president.
March 23 Nineteen Filipinos of Kalibo, Aklan were executed
José de Lachambre becomes acting Governor-General [30]

April 15
(1897)
Fernando Primo de Rivera appointed Governor-General [30]

April 23
(1897–1898)
1897
Katipuneros arrest Andres Bonifacio and his brothers
April 29 Procopio and Ciriaco on orders of Aguinaldo with sedition
and treason before a military court of the Katipunan.
The Katipunan convicts and sentences Bonifacio brothers

May 8
to death
Andres Bonifacio and his brothers are executed at Mt.

May 10
Buntis, Maragondon, Cavite.
Aguinaldo establishes a Philippine republican

May 31
government in Biak-na-Bato, San Miguel, Bulacan.
Aguinaldo begins negotiating with the Spaniards colonial

August 10 government in Manila with Pedro Paterno as
representative.
A 7.9 intensity estimated earthquake hits Luzon's

August 15 northwest coast
November Constitution of Biak-na-Bato is promulgated by the [29]

1 revolutionaries, including Aguinaldo.
December Pact of Biak-na-Bato, between Filipinos (Aguinaldo) and [13][26][29]

14 Spaniards (Gov. Primo de Rivera), signed.
December Aguinaldo is self-exiled to Hong Kong following the Pact

27 of Biak-na-Bato
The only issue of Kalayaan is published; official organ of [37]

the Katipunan.
The American Soldier and The Soldier's Letter are [37]

published; first English language newspapers.
[37]
Official Gazette is established by the civil government.
The Katipunan is revived by Emilio Jacinto and Feliciano

February 8
Jocson
A revolutionary government in Candon, Ilocos Sur is

March 25 established by Don Isabelo Abaya as he starts Cry of [17]
Candon.
Pantaleon Villegas (Leon Kilat) leads a battle against

[19]
April 3 Spanish forces in present-day Cebu City; said to be the
start of the revolution in Cebu province.
April 11 Basilio Augustín appointed Governor-General (1898) [30]
Local Katipunan members under Ildefonso Moreno

April 14 conduct an uprising against Spanish colonizers in Daet [26]
town.
A provisional government is established by Gen.

[26]
April 17 Francisco Macabulos, with its own constitution signed;
lasts about a month.
April 24 Aguinaldo meets American Consul, Mr. Pratt, at [13]
Singapore.
[13]
Aguinaldo goes to Hong Kong.
April 26
The US declares war on Spain.
May 1 Commodore George Dewey attacks Manila
Aguinaldo and his companions return to Cavite Province [19][26]

May 19
from exile in Hong Kong.
Aguinaldo proclaims a dictatorial government and issues

May 24 two decrees which show his trust and reliance in US
protection
Filipino revolutionaries defeat the Spanish forces in a

[26]
May 28 battle in Alapan, Imus, Cavite, with the first unfurling of
the Philippine flag.
Philippine Independence from Spain is declared by

[1][64]
June 12 Filipino revolutionaries, led by Pres. Aguinaldo, in Kawit,
Cavite.
Aguinaldo changes the dictatorial government to

June 23
revolutionary government.
Over 50 Spanish soldiers begin to hide themselves at a

[19]
June 27 church in Baler town, in what would be their last stand in
the country against the revolutionaries.
Aguinaldo creates a cabinet

July 15
The Malolos Congress in established
July 17 US reinforcements and troops arrive in the Philippines.
July 22 Pangasinan Province is liberated from the Spanish. [27]
Fermín Jáudenes becomes acting Governor-General [30]

July 24
(1898)
[30]
Francisco Rizzo becomes acting Governor-General (1898)
August 13
[30]
1898 Wesley Merritt appointed Military Governor (1898)
August 14 The Spanish surrender to the U.S., which took Manila. [13]
Revolutionary government headquarters is transferred

[53]
August 22 from Bacoor, Cavite to Malolos, Bulacan through a decree
issued by Pres. Aguinaldo.
[30]
August 29 Elwell S. Otis appointed Military Governor (1898–1900)
Diego de los Ríos becomes acting Governor-General [30]

September
(1898)
Delegates of what would be known as the Malolos

September [27]
Congress convene at Barasoain Church in Malolos,
15
Bulacan to draft a Constitution for the country.
The Malolos Congress meets and elects its officers;

[53]
ratifies the Declaration of Independence proclaimed on
September
June.
29
El Horado de la Revolucion, Malolos Congress' official [53]
publication, publishes its first issue.
The Manila Times is founded by Thomas Cowan and

October [16][37][65]
publishes its first issue; the country's oldest running
11
broadsheet; its first incarnation lasted 32 years.
October The American is published by Franklyn Brooks; second [37]

15 English language daily paper.
October Universidad Literaria de Filipinas is established in Malolos, [29]

19 Bulacan through a presidential decree.
October Enrique Mendiola founds a college school for boys, the [29]
24 Burgos Institute, in Malolos, Bulacan.
October Establishment of Academia Militar, country's first military [29]

25 training school that lasted for less than a year.
A revolutionary movement under Gen. Aniceto Lacson

November [28][29]
and Gen. Juan Araneta, proclaims the Republic of Negros
5
in Bago town.
Revolutionary forces promulgates a constitution for the

November Republic of Negros and declare Gen. Lacson as [28]
7 president.
Provisional revolutionary government of the Visayas is

November organized in Santa Barbara town upon liberation of the
[31]
17 majority of Iloilo province, with Roque Lopez elected
president; Cry of Santa Barbara occurs.
Town of San Jose in Antique is captured from Spanish

November [31]
forces by revolutionaries under Leandro Fullon, who
22
established a provincial government.
November [27][31]
Malolos Congress approves its draft Constitution.
29
Spain and the U.S. sign the Treaty of Paris. Article III
December provides for the cession of the Philippines to the U.S. by [16]
10 Spain and the payment of 20 million dollars to Spain by
the US.
December US President McKinley issues the Benevolent

21 Assimilation Proclamation
December [27][29][31]
Pres. Aguinaldo signs the Malolos Constitution.
23
December Gov. Gen. de los Rios surrenders the town of Iloilo to [28]
24 revolutionary forces under Gen. Martin Delgado.
1899 January U.S. Pres. McKinley appoints the first Philippine [13]
20 Commission, known as the Schurman Commission
January [17][27][31]
The Malolos Constitution is promulgated by Aguinaldo.
21
The Malolos Republic (First Republic) government, Asia's

January first republic, is inaugurated at Barasoain Church in [1][17][58]
23 Malolos, Bulacan; Emilio Aguinaldo takes his oath of
office as the first President of the Philippines.
[13][58]
February 4 Hostilities break out between the Filipino and U.S. forces.
February 6 The US Senate ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Spain
La Justicia, Cebu province's first Filipino-owned [17]

March 3
newspaper, publishes its first issue.
March 4 The Schurman Commission arrives in Manila
Filipino forces under Gen. Gregorio del Pilar defeated the

[19]
April 23 Americans in an encounter in Quingua (now Plaridel),
Bulacan.
Aguinaldo creates a new cabinet

May 6 The country's first municipal election is held in Baliuag, [19]
Bulacan.
Filipino troops, led by Emilio Aguinaldo, recapture the [19]

May 12
Calumpit and Baliwag towns from the Americans.
General Vicente Alvarez establishes the Republic of

May 18
Zamboanga.
Aguinaldo's moves face opposition from Apolinario

May 20
Mabini and Antonio Luna
Siege of Baler ends after 11 months, with 35 surviving [19]

June 2
Spanish soldiers surrendered.
June 5 Antonio Luna killed
October Pres. Aguinaldo moves the seat of government from San [31]
11 Isidro, Nueva Ecija to Tarlac Province.
December [29]
Gregorio Del Pilar killed in the Battle of Tirad Pass.
2
December An American base is attacked by the Filipinos in Vigan, [29]

4 Ilocos Sur.
January
The Schurman Commission returns to the US.
21
Manila Bulletin publishes its first issue by Carson Taylor;

[16][37]
February 2 then a shipping journal; country's oldest continuously
existing newspaper.
U.S. Pres. McKinley appoints the second Philippine [13]

March 16
Commission, known as the Taft Commission
March American forces capture Bohol.
April Battle of Cagayan de Misamis
April Siege of Catubig
Arthur MacArthur, Jr appointed Military Governor (1900– [30]

May 5
1900 1901)
May Battle of Agusan Hill
June Battle of Makahambus Hill
June 3 The Taft Commission arrives in Manila
Filipino revolutionaries defeat American troops in a battle

[53]
July 31 in Boac, Marinduque, said to be the first recorded armed
encounter between two forces.
Pres. Aguinaldo orders the start of attack against [53]

August 20
American forces in northern Luzon.
September Battle of Pulang Lupa
September Battle of Mabitac
December
Partido Liberal established
23

The Manila Observatory is a non-profit

research institute housed on the
campus of the Ateneo de Manila
University in Quezon City, Philippines.
Founded in 1865 by the Jesuits,

Ramon Blanco
Dr. Jose Rizal.

The single known extant photograph of

Andres Bonifacio, the founder of
Katipunan, Theleader of Philippine
Revolution.

Camilo García de Polavieja
General Emilio Aguinaldo, First

president of the Philippines.

The original front cover of Noli Me

Tángere.
El Filibusterismo, The sequel of the

Noli me Tangere.

George Dewey
The Malolos Congress.

The Three Stars and a Sun design was

conceived by President Emilio
Aguinaldo. Sewn by Doña Marcela
Marino de Agoncillo, Lorenza
Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa de
Natividad in Hong Kong and first flown
in battle on May 28, 1898. It was
formally unfurled during the
Proclamation of Philippine
Independence and the flag of the First
Philippine Republic, on June 12, 1898
by President Aguinaldo. It contains a
mythical sun (with a face) similar to
the Sun of May.
the Sun of May.
Marching Filipino soldiers during the

inauguration of the First Philippine
Republic in Malolos on January 23,
1899.

The soldiers of Philippine

Revolutionary Army.

Antonio Luna, Regarded as one of the

fiercest generals of his time, he
succeeded Artemio Ricarte as Chief of
Staff of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines.

General Gregorio del Pilar and his

troops in Pampanga, around 1898
(Philippine–American War).
Arthur MacArthur Jr.

20th century
1901 The Army Appropriation Act, also known as the

March 2 Spooner Amendment, is passed by the US
Senate.
Pres. Aguinaldo is captured by US authorities in [1][13][58]

March 23
Palanan town.
[1]
April 1 Aguinaldo takes an oath of allegiance to the US.
Gov. Taft inaugurates the provincial government [26]

April 15
of Capiz. (Phil. Commission Act No. 115)
Establishment of Rizal Province by the second

June 11 Philippine Commission, upon unification of then [26]
provinces of Manila and Morong. (Act No. 137)
June 17 El Colegio de San Beda established

[13]
July 1 End of insurrection declared
Adna Chaffee appointed as the last US Military

Governor (1901–1902)
July 4 A civil government is established in the
Philippines with William Howard Taft as the first
Civil Governor (1901–1904)
July 18 The US organizes the Philippine Constabulary
Silliman Institute, later known as Silliman

August 28 University, is established as the first American [53]
university in the Philippines.
The first Filipino members of the second

September
Philippine Commission are appointed
Guerillas, headed by the Filipino Captain Daza,

September [27]
attack the U.S. military barracks in Balangiga,
28
Samar; Americans' "worst single defeat."
September
Balangiga massacre occurs [27]
29
A U.S. Marine battalion arrives on Samar to
October 20
conduct the March across Samar operation
The President of the United States creates the

October 29 position of provincial vice governor in the [29]
country, under the Spooner Amendment.
The Philippine Commission enacts the Sedition

November 4
Law
December An earthquake estimated of magnitude 7.8

14 shakes Lucena City.
1902 The first labor union of The Country, Union de

January Litografose Impresores de Filipinas, is
organized.
The Philippine Commission calls for the

January 21
organization of Public Schools in the Philippines.
March 30 The US Marines leave Balangiga
General Miguel Malvar surrenders to the US

April 16
forces
Governor Taft negotiates with Pope Leo XIII the

May
sale of the friar lands in the Philippines
Macario Sakay establishes a second Tagalog

May 2
Republic.
Mindoro and Lubang islands are annexed to [31]

June
Marinduque province.
The Philippine Organic Act was enacted. [13]
July 1 Cooper Act is passed by the US Senate. [13]

Philippine Assembly is established
Americans proclaim the end of the Philippine–

July 4
American War, however fighting continues
The Foundation of Iglesia Filipina Independiente

separated from Roman Catholic Church was
August 3 proclaimed by The Union Obrera Democratica
with Gregorio Aglipay as The 1st Obispo Maximo
September Pope Leo XIII formally bestows a Pontifical title [45][46]

17 on the University of Santo Tomas
November Marinduque province is annexed to Tayabas [31]

10 province (now Quezon). (Act No. 499)
Bandolerism Act passed by the Philippine

November
Commission. All armed resistance against US
12
rule are considered banditry
1903 Governor Taft enunciates the policy of The

Philippines for the Filipinos
Thousands of members of the Union Obrera

Democratica Filipina, led by Dominador Gomez, [66]
May 1
stage a massive rally aiming for workers’ rights
as well as a public holiday for May 1.
Establishment of the Moro Province, consisting

June 1 of the districts of Jolo, Lanao, Cotabato, Davao [19]
and Zamboanga.
1904 Luke Edward Wright appointed as Civil Governor

February 1
(1904–1905)
The Manila Business School was founded and

started its operation (later as the Philippine
October 19 School of Commerce, 1908, then as the
Philippine College of Commerce, 1952, and now
the Polytechnic University of the Philippines).
Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm is established in

November [28][29]
Palawan, country's oldest and largest open
16
prison.
Henry Clay Ide appointed as Civil Governor

1905 November 3
(1905–1906)
[19]
May 27 Establishment of Culion Leper Colony in Culion
Island in Palawan.
1906
September James Francis Smith appointed as Civil
20 Governor (1906–1909)
St. Scholastica's College in Manila is established [67]

December 3
by the Missionary Benedictine Sisters of Tutzing.
1907 Centro Escolar University established as Centro

June 3
Escolar de Señoritas.
June 30 First Congressional Elections held
September Macario Sakay is executed by hanging, ending

13 his Tagalog Republic.
A law (Act No. 1761) that restricts and regulates [29]

October 10
the use and sale of dangerous drugs is signed.
The First Philippine Assembly is inaugurated and [13]

October 16
convened.
The University of the Philippines is established [29]

June 18
in Manila.
1908 Philippines Free Press is founded by Judge W.A.
August 29 Kincaid and publishes its first issue in magazine [37][68]
format.
Present-day University of the Philippines Los

[17]
March 6 Baños in Laguna is established, first
1909 autonomous UP campus.
September [53]
Cityhood of Baguio (Act No. 1963)
1
1911 January 27 Mt Taal erupts, and kills 1,334 people
De La Salle University-Manila is founded as De

June 16 La Salle College by the Brothers of Christian
Schools.
December Tricentennial of the Royal and Pontifical [45][46]

28 University of Santo Tomas
A silent movie about Jose Rizal is the first [37][69]

1912
Filipino movie introduced in the Philippines.
June Battle of Bud Bagsak [70]
September Newton W. Gilbert appointed as acting Civil

1913 1 Governor (1913)
Francis Burton Harrison appointed as Civil

October 6
Iglesia ni Cristo (largest independent church in

1914 July 27
Asia) is registered to the government.
1916 The Jones Law is passed establishing an all-

Filipino legislature
Manuel Quezon elected Senate President while

October 16
Sergio Osmenna is elected as House Speaker of [71][72][73][74][75]
[76][77][78]
the House of Representatives of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines
1917 The first cabinet of Filipinos under the US regime

January 11
is organized.
March 9 Provincehood of Abra (Act No. 2683) [58]
An Act Amending the Administrative Code (Act

No. 2711) reorganizes the territories in the
Philippines, consisting of:
Forty-two organized provinces: Abra, Albay,
Antique, Bataan, Batanes, Batangas, Bohol,
Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte,
Camarines Sur, Capiz, Cavite, Cebu, Ilocos
Norte, Ilocos Sur, Iloilo, Isabela, Laguna, La
Union, Leyte, Marinduque, Masbate, Mindoro,
Oriental Misamis, Occidental Misamis,
March 10 [17][56][79]
Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Nueva
Vizcaya, Occidental Negros, Oriental Negros,
Pangasinan, Pampanga, Palawan, Rizal,
Romblon, Samar, Sorsogon, Surigao, Tarlac,
Tayabas and Zambales.
Provinces under Department of Mindanao and

Sulu: Agusan, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao,
Lanao, Sulu, and Zamboanga.
City of Manila, with separate jurisdiction.
The silent film Dalagang Bukid by José

September [69][80]
1919 Nepomuceno was released, the first film to be
19
produced locally.
Mountain Province is established by American [58]

colonial government.
Provincehood of Marinduque (Act No. 2880), [17][31]

February 21
separating from Tayabas.
1920 Philippines Herald is established by Manuel L.
August Quezon and former Manila Times journalists; [16][37]
first pro-Filipino nationalist newspaper.
December Provincehood of Masbate (Act No. 2934), former [28]

15 sub-province independent from Sorsogon.
1921 Charles Yeater appointed as acting Civil

March 5
Governor (1921)
Leonard Wood appointed as Civil Governor

October 14
(1921–1927)
Mrs. Redgrave pioneers the radio broadcasting [81]

from Nichols Field, only for a test broadcast.
Henry Hermann, owner of an electrical supply

1922
company, begins operating three radio stations [37][81][82][83]
June
in Manila and Pasay, also for their test
broadcasts.
Santiago Ronquillo, a.k.a. Tiagong Akyat, was

1923 August 29 killed by a force consisting of Manila Chief of
Police John Fulton Green and the Philippine
constabulary, in Noveleta, Cavite.
Radio Corporation of the Philippines (RCP)

acquires radio station KZKZ, which begins its
broadcast by Hermann earlier that year, [37][81][82][83]
October 4
replacing experimental stations; broadcast
1924
ceased in 1925 upon merger of Far Eastern
Radio with RCP.
Another commercial radio station, KZRQ (1924– [81][82][83]

October
1927) by Far Eastern Radio, Inc., goes on air.
Radio station KZIB from Binondo, owned by [37][82][84]

1925 November 9
Isaac Beck Inc., goes on air.
1927 Eugene Allen Gilmore appointed as acting Civil

August 7
Governor (1927)
Radio station KZRM (Radio Manila) begins

September operation under RCP; later acquired by Erlanger [37][82][85]
3 and Galinger, Inc. in 1931, then by Amado
Araneta in 1939 with KZEG.
December Henry L. Stimson appointed as Civil Governor

27 (1927–1929)
RCP operates its first radio station outside

Manila, also first provincial station in the
[37][81][82][83][85]
country, with KZRC (Radio Cebu) in Cebu,
experimental station originally a relay station of
KZRM in Manila.
Eugene Allen Gilmore appointed as acting Civil

February 23
1929 Governor (1929)
Dwight F. Davis appointed as Civil Governor

July 8
(1929–1932)
Old Misamis is divided into the new provinces of

November 2 Misamis Occidental and Misamis Oriental. (Act [29][31]
No. 3537; amended by Act No. 3777 on Nov. 28,

1930).
Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas (PKP, Communist

[31][86]
1930 November 7 Party of the Philippines) is formally established
by Crisanto Evangelista at Tondo, Manila.
1932 George C. Butte appointed as acting Civil

January 9
Governor (1932)
Davao Prison and Penal Farm in present-day

[17]
January 21 Davao del Norte is established (Act No. 3732);
country's first penal settlement.
Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. appointed as Civil

February 29
Adamson School of Industrial Chemistry (ASIC)

June 20 later known as Adamson University was founded
by George Lucas Adamson
Radio station KZEG begins operation, sister

July 11 station of KZRM; call sign later changed to [37][82]
KZRF.
The Communist Party of the Philippines is

October 26
declared illegal by the Supreme Court
1933 Frank Murphy appointed as the last Civil

July 15
Governor of the Philippines (1933–1935)
[66]
October 29 Partido Sakdal formed.
Governor-General Frank Murphy granted the

December 7
Right of Suffrage to the Filipino women.
1934 The Tydings-McDuffie Law, known as the

March 24 Philippine Independence Law, is approved by [1][87]
U.S. President Roosevelt.
A pearl, which would be one of the world’s [26]

May 7
largest, is found in Palawan.
202 delegates are elected to the Constitutional
July 10 Convention in accordance with the Tydings-
McDuffie Law
The Philippine Constitutional Convention is

July 30
inaugurated
Bannawag, Ilocos region's weekly vernacular [28]

November 3
magazine, established.
1935 The Constitutional Convention creates a new

February 8
constitution
February 15 The Philippine Constitution is signed
Sakdalista uprising against the Philippine

May 2 Constabulary fails with at least 60 members [66]
dead.
The Philippine electorate ratifies the

May 14
Constitution in a referendum
[1][71][72][73][74]
September Manuel Quezon elected President in the first
17 Philippine Presidential elections [75]
November The Philippine Commonwealth is inaugurated

15 The Office of Civil Governor is abolished
December The National Defense Act of 1935 that created

21 the Armed Forces of the Philippines was signed.
1936 President Manuel L. Quezon issued Executive

Order No. 23 which provided for the technical [71][72][73][74][75]
March 25
description and specifications of the Philippine
national flag.
Cityhood of Zamboanga approved

October 12 (Commonwealth Act No. 39); ratified, Feb. 26, [17][28]
1937.
October 16 Cityhood of Davao (Commonwealth Act No. 51) [28]
Cityhood of Cebu approved (Commonwealth Act [28]

October 20
No. 58); ratified, Feb. 24, 1937.
The Boy Scouts of the Philippines was

October 31
established.
The 33rd International Eucharistic Congress was

February 3– [58]
held in Rizal Park, Manila, Philippines; first in
7
Asia.
1937
The Institute of National Language recommends
November 9 Tagalog as the basis of the country's national [29]
language.
Cityhood of Tagaytay, Cavite (Commonwealth [26]

1938 June 21
Act No. 338)
KZRH, established by H. E. Heacock Company

under Samuel Caches, goes on air; country's [37][82][83][85][88]
1939 July 15
oldest existing radio station, renamed PIAM
during the Japanese era and now DZRH.
Cityhood of San Pablo, Laguna (Commonwealth [26]

May 7
Act No. 520)
The Girl Scouts of the Philippines was

1940 May 26
established.
Cityhood of Dansalan (later renamed Marawi [53]

August 19
City; CA 592)
Provincehood of Romblon (Commonwealth Act [17]

January 1
No. 38)
Philippine Airlines starts operations with its [17]

March 15
maiden flight between Makati and Baguio cities.
November [71][72][73][74][75]
Manuel Quezon re-elected as President
11
Start of the Japanese invasion of the Philippines [1][89][90]

December 8
following Pearl Harbor attack.
December [31]
Japanese planes attack Sangley Point in Cavite.
1941 10
December Wenceslao Vinzons organizes a citizen's army to [31]
17 fight Japanese forces in Camarines Norte.
December President Quezon, his family and the war cabinet [71][72][73][74][75]
20 move to Corregidor Island
December [91][92][93][94][95]
General MacArthur declares Manila an open city
26
December
Filipino and US armies retreat to Bataan
28
Pres. Quezon and Vice Pres. Osmeña take their [28][71][72][73][74]

December
oath of office for their second term in Corregidor [75]
30
Island, Cavite.
January 2 Japanese troops enters Manila
Masaharu Homma appointed as Japanese

Military Governor (1942)
January 3 General Masaharu Homma declares the end of

American Rule in the Philippines
Martial Law declared
All forms of opposition against the Japanese

January 13
forces declared subject to death penalty
An executive committee, composed of Filipinos,

is formed by General Homma as a conduit of the
January 23
military administration's policies and
requirements.
The Japanese Military Government issues an

February 17 order adopting the Japanese educational
system in The Country
President Quezon and the war cabinet leave for [71][72][73][74][75]

February 20
the US
General MacArthur leaves for Australia to take

1942 March 11 command of the South Western Pacific Area [91][92][93][94][95]
The Commonwealth government is moved to the

March 13
US
Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon (Hukbalahap,

March 25 People's Anti-Japanese Army) is organized [58]
in Cabiao, Nueva Ecija.
A pro-US resistance movement is organized,

April mainly to provide data to the US on enemy
positions
Battle of Bataan: Bataan, under US commander

April 9 Gen. Edward King, is the last province that [19][96]
surrenders to the Japanese armies.
May 6 Corregidor Island falls to Japanese forces. [19][29]
Shizuichi Tanaka appointed as Japanese

June 8
Military Governor (1942–1943)
The Commonwealth of the Philippines becomes

June 14
a member of the United Nations
December
The Kalibapi is organized by the Japanese
30
1943 Shigenori Kuroda appointed as Japanese

May 28
Military Governor (1943–1942)
Japanese Premier Hideki Tojo nominates an all

June 20 Filipino 20 member Preparatory Commission for
Philippine Independence
The Philippine Preparatory Commission for

September
Independence drafts a new Constitution which
4
provides for a unicameral national assembly
The 108 delegates to the National Assembly are

September
chosen by the members of the Preparatory
20
Commission for Philippine Independence.
September Jose P. Laurel elected President of the [97][98][99]
Philippines by the National Assembly
The puppet government is inaugurated. Laurel [97][98][99]

October 14
takes his oath of office
The Philippine economy collapses, the shortage

November
of rice becomes serious.
U.S. Congress approves a resolution allowing

November [55]
Pres. Quezon to serve beyond the designated
10
period, nine days after his term expires.
1944 The puppet government inaugurates the Green

May
Revolution Movement.
Death of Pres. Quezon; Vice Pres. Sergio

Osmena then assumes the Office of the [55][71][72][73][74]
August 1 [75][76][77][78]
President of the Commonwealth of the
Philippines.
September
US forces raids Manila
21
September Tomoyuki Yamashita appointed as Japanese

26 Military Governor (1944–1945)
Gen. MacArthur lands in Palo, Leyte, [29][76][77][78][91]

October 20 [92][93][94][95]
accompanied by Pres. Osmeña and U.S. troops.
Gen. Douglas MacArthur reestablishes the

Commonwealth government of the Philippines in [28]
October 23
Tacloban, Leyte, with Sergio Osmeña as its
President.
[28][58]
October 24 Battle of Leyte Gulf: Battle of Sibuyan Sea
Pro-Japanese Philippine generals Pio Duran and

December 8
Benigno Ramos organize the Makapilis
U.S. troops led by Gen. MacArthur land on the

shores of Pangasinan via Lingayen Gulf in an [1][17][58]
January 9
attempt to liberate the country from the
Japanese.
Raid at Cabanatuan: 121 American soldiers and

800 Filipino guerrillas free 813 American
January 30
Prisoners of war from the Japanese-held camp
in the city of Cabanatuan in the Philippines.
January–
Battle of Bataan (1945)
February
February–
Battle of Baguio
April
February Raid at Los Baños
February 4 US troops enter Manila
Hukbalahap troop leaders arrested by the US

February 22
forces
The Battle of Manila ends. The Japanese

February 24 surrender to the combined US and Filipino
troops
MacArthur hands over Malacanang Palace to [76][77][78][91][92]

February 27 [93][94][95]
Osmena.
March–April Battle for Cebu City
March–July Battle of the Visayas
Corregidor Island is reoccupied by the [29]

March
Americans.
Battle of Manila (1945): The US and Filipino

March 3
troops recaptured Manila.
Town of Panay in Capiz and the province of

March 18 Romblon are liberated from the Japanese [17]
forces.
Filipino and American forces defeat the

March 19 Japanese in a battle occurred in Bacsil Ridge in [58]
San Fernando, La Union.

The families of pro-Japanese President Laurel
March 22 [97][98][99]
and Speaker Aquino leave the country for Japan
to seek refuge
Town of San Fernando in La Union is liberated [58]

March 24
from the Japanese forces.
April 22 Palawan is liberated from Japanese invaders. [19]
[26]
April 27 Baguio City is liberated from Japanese forces.
1945
Filipino and U.S. forces defeat the Japanese in a
[26]
May 10–13 battle occurred in Balete Pass (now Dalton
Pass) in Santa Fe, Nueva Vizcaya.
The Congress elected in 1941 convenes for the

June 5
first time
Filipino soldiers, with the Americans, defeat the

Japanese under Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita in a [19]
June 14
battle in Tagudin, Ilocos Sur; considered as their
greatest victory in World War II.
General MacArthur announces the liberation of [91][92][93][94][95]

July 5
the Philippines
The American forces drop an atomic bomb over

August 6
Hiroshima, Japan.
The American forces an atomic bomb over

August 9
Nagasaki, Japan.
August 15 The Empire of Japan accepts defeat
Pres. Laurel issues an Executive Proclamation

putting an end to the Second Philippine Republic, [97][98][99]
August 17
thus ending to his term as President of the
Philippines.
The final official Japanese Instrument of

Surrender is accepted by the Supreme Allied
Commander, General Douglas MacArthur, and
Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz for the United [1][91][92][93][94]
States, and delegates from Australia, New [95]
September Zealand, the United Kingdom, The Netherlands,

2 China, and others from a Japanese delegation
led by Mamoru Shigemitsu, on board the
American battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.
Japanese general Tomoyuki Yamashita

surrenders to Filipino and American forces at
Kiangan, Ifugao.
September [97][98][99]
Jose P. Laurel is arrested by the US army
12
Provincehood of Catanduanes (Commonwealth

September [31][53]
Act No. 687), former sub-province independent
26
from Albay.
The United Nations is founded by ratification of

October 24
its Charter, by 29 nations.
Manuel Roxas separates from the Nacionalista

December Party of Sergio Osmena Sr and joins the Liberal [76][77][78]
Party
1946 Tomoyuki Yamashita is executed by hanging at

February 23 Los Baños, Laguna prison camp for the war
crimes.
Manuel Roxas wins in the last Presidential

April 23 Election under the Commonwealth
Elpidio Quirino elected Vice President.
U.S. Pres. Harry Truman signs into law the

Philippine Trade Act (Bell Trade Act) of 1946,
April continuing free trade relations between U.S and
the Philippines, and imposing tariffs; Tydings
Rehabilitation Act passed.
Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC) is
June 13 established by James Lindenberg; later Alto [100][101]

Broadcasting System (ABS) and the forerunner
of ABS–CBN.
Hukbong Mapaglaya ng Bayan (HMB) is

July
organized in Candaba, Pampanga.
July Congress votes to accept the Bell Trade Act.
The United States recognizes the Independence [16][102]

of the Republic of the Philippines.
July 4
Manuel Roxas becomes the first president of the [1]
Third Republic.
Peasant leader Juan Feleo kidnapped, later

August
killed.
Congress passes an amendment that revises

September Constitution, allowing the Americans parity
rights.
September
The Amended Tenancy Act is promulgated.
30
Rehabilitation Finance Corporation (RFC), later

January Development Bank of the Philippines, begins its
operations.
President Roxas issues an amnesty

January 28
proclamation to collaborators
An amendment in the 1935 Constitution granting

March parity rights to the Americans is ratified in a
plebiscite.
The Military Assistance Act is signed by U.S.

March
Ambassador Paul McNutt and Pres. Roxas.
March 6 HUKBALAHAP declared illegal
The Treaty of General Relations between

1947 Philippines and United States, the Military Bases
[64]
March 14 Agreement, is signed; would be effective until
1991.
The Philippine representative to the Far Eastern

September
Commission, Carlos P. Romulo, signs the
8
Japanese Peace Treaty
Corregidor Island in Cavite is turned over to the [29]

October 12
Philippines.
Turtle Islands, now in Tawi-Tawi, is placed under [29]

October 16
country's jurisdiction.
First post-war elections held for local officials

November
and senators.
Pres. Roxas issues a general pardon for all those

January with collaboration cases and pending cases in
the People's Court.
Hukbong Mapagpalaya ng Bayan and

Pambansang Kaisahan ng mga Magbubukid
March
(PKM) are declared illegal organizations by Pres.
Roxas.
Death of Pres. Roxas; Vice Pres. Elpidio Quirino [55]

April 15
assumes the Office of President.
Elpidio Quirino takes his oath of office as [55]

April 17
President of the Philippines.
Pres. Quirino issues an amnesty proclamation

June given to the surrendered members of
Hukbalahap and PKM.
Newly-formed Quezon City is declared capital of

July the Philippines by Pres. Quirino. (Republic Act
1948
No. 333)
Cityhood of Calbayog, Samar approved (Republic [31]

July 15
Act No. 328); inaugurated, Oct. 16.
Huk leaders under Luis Taruc go underground to

August continue the resistance against the government
following failed truce negotiations.
Pres. Quirino releases the result of the country's

first official postwar census, taken and compiled
[27]
October 1 by the Bureau of the Census and Statistics,
showing the population after its independence
from the U.S. at 19.2 million.
PKP renews armed struggle following failed

November
truce negotiations with the government.
Quirino administration imposes import control, a

December law that would be effective on the first day of
1949.
Radio station DZBC of BEC begins its broadcast. [82]
Establishment and inauguration of Central Bank

January
of the Philippines.
Former First Lady Aurora Aragon–Quezon

(widow of Pres. Manuel Quezon), with her eldest
1949 daughter, and Quezon City Mayor Ponciano [71][72][73][74][75]
April 28
Bernardo, are among those killed in an ambush
allegedly by the Hukbalahap in Bongabon, Nueva
Ecija.
November Pres. Quirino reelected.
November A month-long rebellion occurred in Batangas.
UST pioneers the television broadcast, only for [37][100][103]

February
experimental purposes.
Radio station DZBB of newly-established

March 1 Republic Broadcasting System (RBS) under Bob [37][82]
Stewart begins its broadcast.
The Philippines joins the Korean War, sending

June over 7,000 troops under the United Nations
command.
Old Mindoro is divided into the new provinces of

June 15 Mindoro Occidental and Mindoro Oriental. [56][19]
(Republic Act No. 505)
Pres. Quirino appoints Zambales Rep. Ramon

August 31
Magsaysay as Defense Secretary.
1950
Lt. Col. Edward Lansdale arrives in the
September
Philippines to act as military adviser.
U.S. Economic Mission Survey led by Daniel W.

Bell issues its report regarding the country's
October financial and economics condition,
recommending its diversification and
improvement.
Twenty-three high-ranking PKP and Huk

October Politburo members are captured in a series of
raids led by Sec. Magsaysay in Manila.
Pres. Quirino suspends the privilege of writ of

October habeas corpus regarding detention of suspected
communists.
1951 March 6 Fort Santiago was declared a National Shrine.
Suspected PKP members are penalized by the

May Court of First Instance, with six given death
sentences and nine given life sentences.
Armed Forces of the Philippines launches

July–
offensives against Huks in Laguna and
September
Pampanga.
National Movement for Free Elections

August
(NAMFREL) is established
The Mutual Defense Treaty between Philippines

August 30
and United States was signed.
Nicasio “Asiong” Salonga, branded as Tondo’s

Public Enemy No. 1 and the kingpin of Manila,
was shot and killed by Ernesto Reyes, a [104]
October 8
henchman of his rival and also notorious gang
leader Carlos “Totoy Golem” Capistrano.
[37]
National Press Club established
Armed Forces launches Operation Four Roses in

April–May Nueva Ecija in the search for Huk strongholds in
Sierra Madre mountains.
Old Zamboanga is divided into the new

1952
[56][19]
June 6 provinces of Zamboanga del Norte and
Zamboanga del Sur. (Republic Act No. 711)
Land-tenure specialist Robert Hardie releases

October his report regarding the country's problem on
tenancy, recommending its abolition.
Magna Carta for Labor is signed into law.

June
DZAQ-TV Channel 3, now Channel 2, of ABS,

then owned by Presidential brother Antonio [37][81][100][101][103]
October 23 [105][106][107][108]
Quirino, airs its country's first official television
broadcast from Manila.
1953
Ramon Magsaysay is elected President of the [1]
November
Republic of the Philippines
10
Carlos Garcia elected Vice President.
Magsaysay takes his oath of office as the third

December
President of the Third Republic, before Chief
30
Justice Ricardo Paras, in Luneta.
Social Security Act is passed in Congress.
Huk Supremo Luis Taruc surrenders to Pres.

May Magsaysay, prompting an end of the eight-year
Huk rebellion.
Cityhood of Trece Martires, Cavite (Republic Act [19]

May 22
No. 981)
July 21 The Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty is
signed in Manila, creating the South East Asian
Treaty Organization (SEATO)
1954
August Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954 passed.
Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) is

September established in Manila, with the Philippines as
one of its eight members.
September At least 82 people were killed in a train crash in

2 Negros Occidental.
Laurel-Langley Agreement: An agreement

between the Philippines and the U.S., regarding
December [97][98][99]
provisions of the Philippine Trade Act of 1946, is
15
signed by Sen. Jose P. Laurel and Sec. James
M. Langley.
Amb. Carlos Romulo represents the Philippine

April government in the first ever Asian-African
conference held in Bandung, Indonesia.
1955
Laurel-Langley Agreement is ratified by the U.S.
September and Philippine governments, to be effective on
the first day of 1956.
Chronicle Broadcasting Network (CBN) is [37][100][101][105]

established by Lopez family.
Death of Elpidio Quirino, former Philippine [55]

February 29
President
1956
Provincehood of Aklan (Republic Act No. 1414), [56][19]
April 25
separating from Capiz.
Rizal Bill is passed into law amidst opposition

May
from Catholic Church.
ABS is acquired by Eugenio Lopez Sr. of CBN, of

[37][100][103][107][108]
February 24 which they later merged into ABS–CBN with two
television stations later being operated.
Death of Pres. Magsaysay, one among the 25
March 17 [1][55][109]
killed in a plane crash in Cebu; Vice-Pres. Carlos
P. Garcia assumes the presidency.
Anti-Subversion Law passed. (Republic Act No.

1957 June
1700)
U.S. Congress ratifies a law (Republic Act No.

July 85-81) granting the Philippines possession of
the documents regarding the revolution.
Carlos P. Garcia elected President of the [1]

November
Republic of the Philippines
14
Diosdado Macapagal elected Vice President.
Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan is elevated

by the Department of Education to university [17]
March 22
rank, becoming the Mindanao's first private and
Catholic university.
1958 CBN airs DZXL-TV Channel 9, later Channel 4; [100][106]

April 19
second television station.
"Filipino First" policy is officially promulgated by

August 28 the National Economic Council (Resolution No.
204).
Old Lanao is divided into the new provinces of

Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur. (Republic Act [26][56]
May 22 No. 2228); inaugurated, July 4.
RA 2227 created the province of Southern Leyte, [56]

separating from Leyte.
10th World Scout Jamboree is held at Mt. [53]

July 18
Makiling in Los Baños, Laguna.
1959
An agreement between Foreign Affairs Sec.
Felixberto Serrano and Amb. Charles Bohlen is
September–
signed, following series of conferences, in which
October
duration of lease of the American military bases
is reduced from 99 to 25 years.
U.S. authorities turns over Olongapo City to the

October
Philippine government.
International Rice Research Institute is

established in Los Baños, Laguna.
DZTV-TV Channel 13 of Inter-Island [100][106]

January
Broadcasting Corporation (IBC) established.
Gabriel Elorde defeats an American opponent in

March a boxing match in Araneta Coliseum, beginning
1960
his junior lightweight reign.
Archbishop Rufino Santos is the first Filipino to

March
achieve the rank of Cardinal.
Republic Act No. 2786 divided old Surigao into

June 19 the new provinces of Surigao del Norte and [27][56]
Surigao del Sur.
Baguio City experience cold at 6.3-degree

January 18 Celsius, the country's lowest temperature ever
recorded.
Death of Sergio Osmeña, former Philippine [55]

October
President
DZBB-TV Channel 7 of RBS established; third [37][100][101][103][105]

October 29 [106]
television station.
1961 Diosdado Macapagal elected President of the [1]

November 7 Republic of the Philippines.
Emmanuel Pelaez elected Vice President.
December
Macapagal takes his oath of office
30
Inauguration of the new City of Lapulapu,

December
created by Republic Act No. 3134 on June 17,
31
1961.
Philippine Constabulary Rangers conduct a
January siege of the Central Bank building to oust its
governor, Dominador Aytona, due to "midnight
appointments" of his own.
Pres. Macapagal lifts exchange and import

January
controls in his campaign for free enterprise.
Justice Sec. Jose Diokno orders a raid on the

March offices of businessman Harry Stonehill,
regarding his alleged bribery.
Commemoration of Independence Day is

officially changed by Pres. Macapagal, from July [19]
1962 May 12
4 to June 12 (Proclamation No. 28); to be first
celebrated on that day of that same year.
Pres. Macapagal's government, with the United

Kingdom, files a communication regarding [26]
June 22
country's claim of North Borneo (Sabah), now in
Malaysia.
DZTM-TV Channel 5, of Associated

July Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) and The Manila [100][106]
Times, established.
Electrification Administration Act (Republic Act

September No. 2717) is implemented through an executive
order issued by Pres. Macapagal.
1963 Ferdinand Marcos became President of the

April 5
Senate of the Philippines.
Death of Felix Y. Manalo, founder of Iglesia ni

April 12
Cristo at age of 76
Twenty-four members of the Philippine

contingent for the 11th World Scout Jamboree in [55][110]
July 28
Greece are among the 60 deaths in a plane
crash into the Indian Ocean.
Pres. Macapagal, Sukarno (Indonesia), and
July Tungku Abdul Rahman (Federation of Malaya)
sign the Manila Accord, an agreement for
Maphilindo.
Agricultural Land Reform Code (Republic Act No.

August 8
3844) is signed into law by Pres. Macapagal.
Philippine Press Institute founded [16]
Death of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, former [55]

February 6
Philippine President
Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas secretary-general

May
Jesus Lava is captured in Sampaloc, Manila.
Congress ratifies an executive order issued by

Pres. Macapagal that changes the date of
August
1964 celebration of the nation's Independence Day, by
virtue of Republic Act No. 4166.
Miss Philippines Gemma Cruz was crowned

August 14 Miss International 1964, the first Filipino to win
the title.
Kabataang Makabayan (KM) is formed by Jose

November Maria Sison, with himself elected as its
chairman.
1965 Republic Act No. 4221 divided old Samar into

June 19 the new provinces of Western Samar, Northern [56]
Samar, and Eastern Samar.
Taal Volcano in Batangas erupts, killing around

September
2,000 and damaging villages.
Ferdinand Marcos elected President of the [1][111]

November 9 Republic of the Philippines.
Fernando Lopez elected Vice President.
December Ferdinand Marcos takes his oath of office as the

President of the postwar republic, in Luneta [66][112]
30
Grandstand.
Asian Development Bank establishes its new

headquarters in Manila.
Cityhood of San Carlos, Pangasinan (Republic [17]

January 1
Act No. 4487)
February Philippine-American Assembly is held in Davao.
Old Mountain Province is divided into the new

provinces of Benguet, Mountain Province, [56][19]
Kalinga-Apayao and Ifugao. (Republic Act No.
4695)
June 18 Republic Act No. 4669 created the province of [56]

Camiguin, separating from Misamis Oriental.
Republic Act No. 4849 created the province of

South Cotabato, separating from Empire [56][113]
Province of Cotabato.
Pres. Marcos signs the controversial Vietnam

July
Aid Law.
The mayor of Candaba, Pampanga, also the

1966
president of the Anti-Huk Mayors League in the
July
province, is killed in an ambush, an incident
which was attributed to the Huks.
Congress approves the appropriation for the

August Philippine Civil Action Group (Philcag) to be sent
to Vietnam.
The first batch of the battalion of the Philcag

September
leaves the Philippines for South Vietnam.
Pres. Marcos meets with U.S. Pres. Lyndon

September
Johnson in Washington, D.C.
An agreement is signed by U.S. Secretary of

State Dean Rusk and Foreign Affairs Sec.
September Narciso Ramos, reducing the lease of military
bases from 99 to 25 years, thus to expire in
1991.
Marcos administration hosts the Manila Summit

October
with 6 countries.
1967 Two buses carrying pilgrims collide and fall off a

ravine south of Manila, killing more than 115 in [114]
January
what would be the country's worst road
accident.
Movement for the Advancement of Nationalism

February (MAN) is formed by nationalists from various
sectors.
Old Davao is divided into the new provinces of

May 8 Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, and Davao [56][19]
Oriental. (Republic Act No. 4867)
A demonstration conducted by Lapiang Malaya,

a peasant religious sect, ends in a violent [66][112]
May 21
disperse attempt by the Philippine Constabulary
in Pasay City, killing 33.
Republic Act No. 4979 divided old Agusan into

June 17 the new provinces of Agusan del Norte and [56]
Agusan del Sur.
Cityhood of Cadiz, Negros Occidental (Republic [27]

July 4
Act No. 4894)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations

(ASEAN) is formed in Bangkok, Thailand, with
August 8
the Philippines as one of the five founding
members.
November Senatorial election takes place.
First provincial television stations are

established in Cebu, Bacolod, and Dagupan, all [37][105]
operated by ABS–CBN.
Jabidah massacre: A group of trainees of a
March 18 Muslim special forces unit, part of an [112]
controversial operation, are allegedly killed in

Corregidor.
Cityhood of Iriga, Camarines Sur approved

[27]
July 8 (Republic Act No. 5261); ratified by a presidential
proclamation, Sept. 3.
1968 Casiguran earthquake and the collapse of

August 2
Ruby Tower
Pres. Marcos signs into law a bill defining

country's territorial waters in compliance with
1968 September the United Nations and claiming Sabah as part
of the country's territory, amidst protest from the
Malaysians.
Pres. Marcos pardons 166 prisoners, including

September
former Huk leader Luis Taruc.
September [53]
Cityhood of Bais, Negros Oriental (RA 5444)
7
Resigned U.P. president Gen. Carlos Romulo

November replaces Narciso Ramos as Foreign Affairs
Secretary.
Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP; then

called CPP–Marxist-Leninist-Mao Tse-tung
December [31][86][111]
Thought or CPP–MLMTT) is reestablished by
26
Jose Maria Sison and his colleagues in
Pangasinan.
New People's Army (NPA) is formally organized

in Tarlac by Bernabe Buscayno (Kumander [17][31][86][111]
March 29
Dante) of PKP as the military arm of the CPP,
upon merger with Jose Maria Sison's army.
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan experienced heat at

42.2 degrees Celsius, the country's highest
May 11 temperature ever recorded.
Cityhood of Batangas, Batangas (Republic Act [19]

June 10
No. 5495)
U.S. President Richard Nixon visits the

1969 July
Philippines.
Cityhood of San Jose, Nueva Ecija approved (RA [27][53]

July 17
6051); ratified (Proclamation No. 595), August.
Miss Philippines Gloria Diaz was crowned Miss

July 19
Universe 1969.
Cultural Center of the Philippines in Manila

September
inaugurated.
DZKB-TV Channel 9 of newly-established

October 15 Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS), now Radio [100][106]
Philippines Network (RPN), begins its broadcast.
November Marcos re-elected President of the Republic of [1][111]

11 the Philippines (second term).
1970 Typhoon Patsy (Yoling) is the most devastating [61]

typhoon to hit the country at that time.
First Quarter Storm

January 26 – It begins when protesting
students confronted Pres. Marcos after his
Presidential Address in the Old Legislative
Building, Manila.
January
January 30 – Battle of Mendiola occurs. [66][111][112]
26–March
February 18 & 26 – People's Congresses held
in Plaza Miranda.
March 3 – People's March is organized, route

is from Welcome Rotonda to Liwasang
Bonifacio.
April Major rallies and riots held, protesting oil prices
and fare costs.
Rally held against the government and U.S.

May
participation in Vietnam War.
Pres. Marcos publicly endorses the Barrio Self-

[112]
June 27 Defense Units, later Civilian Home Defense
Forces.
Cityhood of Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte [19]

July 1
August 31 Cityhood of Surigao, Surigao del Norte (RA 6134) [27]
November Elections for 315 members of a Constitutional

17 Convention held.
Pope Paul VI makes his first papal visit in the

November Philippines, but survived an assassination
27 attempt by Benjamín Mendoza y Amor Flores at
Manila International Airport.
Members of the New People's Army, led by Lt.

December [115]
Victor Corpuz, raid the armory of the Philippine
29
Military Academy.
Moro National Liberation Front is established by

Nur Misuari.
[66]
February Diliman commune
June Manili massacre
The Constitutional Convention assembles to

June 1 rewrite the 1935 Constitution. The Convention [111]
elects former Pres. Carlos Garcia as its head.
Death of Carlos Garcia, former Philippine

President; another former Pres. Diosdado [61]
June 14
Macapagal succeeds as the president of the
Constitutional Convention.
August 21 Plaza Miranda is bombed during the Liberal [34][66][111][116]
Party's election campaign, seriously injuring
1971 some opposition personalities.
Pres. Marcos suspends the Writ of Habeas [34]

August 22
Corpus following the Plaza Miranda bombing.
U.S. operations in Sangley Point Naval Base

September
terminated.
Provincehood of Quirino (Republic Act No. 6394),

September [56][53]
former sub-province independent from Nueva
10
Vizcaya.
Provincehood of Siquijor (Republic Act No.

September [56][53]
6398), former sub-province independent from
17
Negros Oriental.
Leonardo “Nardong Putik” Manecio, one of the

most notorious gangsters and dubbed as [104]
October 10
Cavite’s Public Enemy No. 1 was killed in Imus in
a highway shootout with NBI agents.
November Philippine Senate election, 1971
1972 Suspicious bombing incidents increase all over

the country. The MNLF launches its campaign
for the independence of the Muslim provinces.
Parliamentary form of government is approved [111]

by the Constitutional Convention.
January Pres. Marcos restores the Writ of Habeas Corpus
Daily Express is established; Martial Law era

June newspaper later sequestered by Aquino [37]
government.
Philippine Constabulary confiscates arms and

[66]
July 5 ammunition in a raid in Digoyo Point, Isabela,
implicating to the alleged Communist attacks.
Quasha decision: Supreme Court decides on

August American ownership rights.
Explosions rock Manila Electric Company main

September
office.
Sen. Ninoy Aquino exposes Oplan Sagittarius, a

September [66][111][117]
top-secret plan to place the capital under
13
military control.
Pres. Marcos signs the Martial Law edict [66][100][112][116][117]

September
(Proclamation No. 1081) to be imposed [118]
21
nationwide; at that time not publicly announced.
Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile survives a [66][111][117]

staged assassination attempt.
Pres. Marcos announces that he had placed the

[66][111][117]
September entire country under martial law, with the earlier
22 "ambush" as a pretext.
Media establishments and wire agencies are [37][66][100][118]

ordered to be closed.
Sen. Aquino arrested. [66][111][117]
The implementation of martial law is officially [1][66][117]

announced.
Public utilities as well as media outlets, except

some including newspaper Daily Express and
September [37][66][100][117]
television and radio stations of Kanlaon
23
Broadcasting System, are shut down and seized
by the government.
Media and opposition figures, including three [37][66][111][117][118]

other Senators, are arrested.
The whole country is proclaimed a land reform

area and an Agrarian Reform Program is
September
decreed.
26
The first major armed defiance of martial law
takes place in Lanao del Sur
Land reform program issued (Presidential

October Decree 27)
The battle between the MNLF and the

October 22 government troops ends with the latter regaining
control of the city.
November The Constitutional Convention passes the new

29 Constitution of the Philippines.
First Lady Imelda Marcos survives an

December
assassination attempt.
1973 Misuari leaves The Country for Libya to solicit

armed support from Muslim countries for the
war in Mindanao.
A plebiscite referendum is held among the

January [66][111][115]
citizens' assemblies to ratify the new
10–15
Constitution, which would become effective.
Chinese drug lord Lim Seng is executed by firing

January 15 squad in public in Fort Bonifacio for drug [115]
trafficking.
Pres. Marcos declares the approval of the 1973 [1][66][115]

January 17
Constitution, orders Congress padlocked.
[16]
March 1 Philippine News Agency established
Supreme Court upholds the validity of the 1973 [66][111]

March 31
Constitution.
The National Democratic Front (NDF), the united

April front organization of the Communist Party of the
Philippines, is formally organized.
Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas (KBP) [37][81][100][103]

April
established
May Masagana 99 program launched

San Juanico Bridge, connecting Samar and [53]
July 2
Leyte islands, is inaugurated.
Miss Philippines Margarita Moran was crowned

July 21
Miss Universe 1973.
Marcos' term as President extended by virtue of

July 27
a referendum, which was latter proven as a hoax
September Provincehood of Tawi-Tawi (Presidential Decree [27][56]

27 No. 302), separating from Sulu.
Old Cotabato is divided into the new provinces

November of North Cotabato (later renamed Cotabato, [28][29][56]
22 1984), Maguindanao, and Sultan Kudarat. (PD
341)
December [29][56]
Provincehood of Basilan (PD 356)
27
[101]
DWGT-TV, now People's Television, established
February Jolo is occupied and burned by Muslim forces.
Presidential appointments to local elective

February 27 positions declared legal by virtue of another
referendum
Japanese Lt. Hiroo Onoda formally surrenders in

March 11 a ceremony held in Malacañang Palace after [115]
staying for years in the Lubang Island.
First Filipino All-Muslim Congress held in Marawi

June
City.
Parity rights amendment as stated in 1955

July
Laurel–Langley Trade Act expired.
Miss Universe 1974, its 23rd pageant, was held [100]

July 21
in Manila.
Jesuit Sacred Heart Novitiate in Novaliches is

August raided by the military allegedly searching for
Jose Maria Sison.
September Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines

1974 petitions Pres. Marcos to end martial law.
Jose Diokno is ordered by Pres. Marcos to be

September
released.
Barangay status is reorganized and Sept. 21 is

September declared Barangay Day (Presidential Decree
557).
September– First Lady Imelda Marcos visits People's

October Republic of China.
Supreme Court upholds the declaration of

September [66]
martial law and dismisses petitions regarding
17
habeas corpus.
Secretary-general of the old communist party

October Felicisimo Macapagal signs a memorandum of
cooperation with the President's efforts.
Eugenio Lopez, Jr. stages a hunger strike while

November
in detention.
Jose Sison's essay entitled Specific

December 1
Characteristics of Our People's War published
A classified wire revealing the so-called Rolex 12

December [112]
is submitted by the American Embassy in Manila
24
to the Secretary of State in Washington, D.C.
Primitivo Mijares' book The Conjugal Dictatorship

of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos published.
February Primitivo Mijares defects from the government.
Third referendum, asking for continuation of

February
exercising the Presidential powers, held.
Ninoy Aquino starts his hunger strike for his

[67][115]
April 4 refusal to recognize military court's jurisdiction
on charges against him.
1975 April 9 Philippine Basketball Association founded [115]
Diplomatic relations with People's Republic of

June
China formalized.
Primitivo Mijares testifies in the U.S. Congress

June on the alleged corruption and abuses of the
government.
October 2 Thrilla in Manila [100][115]
Pres. Marcos issues Presidential Decree No. 824,

[26]
November 1 establishing Metro Manila and creating the
Metropolitan Manila Commission (MMC).
1976 New people's Army Spokesman Satur Ocampo

January 4
arrested
July Lt. Victor Corpuz captured.
An earthquake of 7.8 magnitude and a following

August 17 tsunami (flood wave) hit Mindanao, killing an [34]
estimated 8,000 people on and off the coast.
Kumander Dante of the New People's Army [111]

August 26
arrested
Annual meeting of boards of governors of World

October Bank and International Monetary Fund is held in
the Philippine International Convention Center.
Martial Law allowed to extend by virtue of a [66]

October 16
plebiscite
November First Lady Imelda Marcos visits Libya.
Tripoli Agreement is signed between the

December Philippine Government and the secessionist [31][64]
23 group Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) in
Tripoli, Libya.
The Armed Forces of the Philippines enters into

January 20
a ceasefire agreement with the MNLF.
March 4 President Marcos issues a decree creating the

autonomous Bangsamoro Islamic Government
Pres. Marcos announces amnesty for persons

August
found guilty of subversion.
August 22 Imposition of curfew hours lifted [66]
September [112][115]
Archimedes Trajano found dead, murdered
2
1977 Eugenio Lopez, Jr. and Sergio Osmeña III
October escaped from detention in Fort Bonifacio and
flee to the United States.
November [66][111]
CPP head Jose Maria Sison arrested
10
The military court finds Ninoy Aquino, Bernabe

November Buscayno and Victor Corpuz guilty of their [67][111][115]
25 charges and sentences them to death by firing
squad; but sentence never imposed.
A referendum is held, the result of which again

December
empowers the President to continue in office,
16
and to become Prime Minister as well.
1978 Rodolfo Salas takes over the leadership of the

Communist Party of the Philippines.
Members of the Interim Batasang Pambansa are [1][66][111]

April 7
elected.
U.S. Vice Pres. Walter Mondale visits the

May
Philippines.
Inauguration of Interim Batasang Pambansa

June
with Pres. Marcos as its Prime Minister.
Jesus is Lord Church led by Eddie Villanueva, a

October 5
former activist and professor was established.
January U.S. military bases agreement amended.
President Ferdinand Marcos issues Presidential

Decree No. 1616 creating the Intramuros [119]
April 10
Administration
May Regional assembly elections held in Mindanao.
United Nations Conference on Trade and

May–June Development is held in the Philippine
International Convention Center.
Eat Bulaga!, the longest running noon-time

variety show in the Philippines, premiered on
1979 July 30
RPN. It was also aired on ABS-CBN from 1989 to
1995 and on GMA Network since 1995.
Aurora province was established by Batas

August 13
Pambansa Blg. 7.
Project Gintong Alay, a national sports program

October 31
was commenced.
Construction of a nuclear-power plant in Bataan

November
is ordered to be stopped.
Ninoy Aquino is released from detention for the [111]

December
first time after given a furlough.
Eduardo Olaguer is arrested by the military on

December
his involvement in the Light-a-Fire Movement.
1980 The Philippines' first local elections under the [1][111]

martial law era is held amid wide boycotts.
MV Don Juan and oil tanker MT Tacloban City [64][120]

April 22
collide in Tablas Strait off Mindoro, killing 176.
May Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU) organized
Pres. Marcos allows Ninoy Aquino to flee to the [111]

May
U.S. for his medical treatment.
January Businessman Dewey Dee flees from the
Philippines, leaving behind debts.
[1][66][111][116]
January 17 Martial law lifted (Proclamation 2045)
February Pope John Paul II visited the Philippines for his [1][66][100]
17–21 first papal visit.
Executive Committee is created by a

[66]
1981 April 7 constitutional amendment as ratified in a
plebiscite.
1981 Philippine general election and referendum [1][66][111][116]

June 16
(Ferdinand Marcos re-elected to a third term).
Inauguration of Pres. Marcos; Finance Minister

June 30 Cesar Virata is elected Prime Minister by the
Batasang Pambansa
November Accident during the construction of the Manila

17 Film Center, 169 were killed.
1982 Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) [111]

formed
Sportsman Tomas Manotoc is abducted and

"rescued" by the government agents.
January
International Film Festival is held in the Manila
Film Center.
At least 38 deaths resulted when Typhoon

March 30 Nelson tore through the central and southern
areas of the country.
United Nationalist Democratic Opposition

April
formed.
May Barangay elections held for the first time.
Felixberto Olalia and Crispin Beltran of the KMU

August
are ordered to be arrested.
August 2 Alleged Marcos' fake medals exposed. [112]

September Pres. Marcos visits United States.
Newspapers We Forum and Malaya are shut

December down by the President for engaging in "black
propaganda."
[1][16][34][37][66]
Sen. Benigno Aquino, Jr. is assassinated at then [100][111][112][116][118]
August 21
Manila International Airport. [121][122]
Approximately seven million people attends

[66][111]
1983 August 31 funeral procession of Ninoy Aquino which turned
into a rally, the longest and largest in history.
September National Day of Sorrow is held by opposition.
November [112]
Martyrdom of Good Shepherd Sisters
21
1984 Executive Committee is abolished and the Office

of the Vice President is restored through a [66]
January 27
constitutional amendment as ratified in a
plebiscite.
"Tarlac to Tarmac" march is staged by

February
opposition and coalition groups.
[1][111][121]
May 14 1984 Philippine parliamentary election
National Assembly covenes; Prime Minister

July Virata reconfirmed; Nicanor Yniguez elected
Speaker.
El Shaddai DWXI Prayer Partners Foundation

International, Inc. led by Bro. Mike Z. Velarde, a
August 19
geological engineer and movie producer was
established.
Typhoon Nitang struck the Philippines. It killed

September 1,492 people and 1,856 more were injured.
1 Roughly 1.6 million people were affected in the
country.
November [112]
Mayor Cesar Climaco assassinated
14
December Convenor Group organized.
Manila LRT Line 1 opened as the Southeast

December 1
Asia's first rail line.
1985 May 6 Death of Julie Vega [123]
June 12 New Design Banknotes Released
Pres. Marcos transfers the control of the

July Integrated National Police from Defense Ministry [111]
to the presidential control.
Opposition Parliament members file [111][121]

August
impeachment charges against Pres. Marcos.
September A massacre in Escalante, Negros Occidental kills [112][123]

20 at least 20 people.
Typhoon Dot (Saling) landfalls on the country, [123]

October 18
leaves at least 101 people dead.
Marchers joining the five-day Lakbayan rally are

shot by the police at Taft Avenue before [112]
October 21
reaching Liwasang Bonifacio, leaving a number
of deaths.
Congressional and U.S. intelligence sources

October 28 report that Pres. Marcos was diagnosed with a [66]
fatal illness.
Pres. Marcos announces in a television interview [1][66][116][121][124]

November 3
that he would set a snap elections.
AFP Chief of Staff Gen. Fabian Ver and 26 others

December 2 accused of conspiracy in the assassination of [1][66][111][121][124]
Ninoy Aquino are acquitted by Sandiganbayan.
Philippine Daily Inquirer is founded and publishes [37][123][125]

December 9
its first issue.
December Death of Carlos Romulo, journalist; 1942 Pulitzer [37][123]
15 Prize recipient.
1986 February 7 [1][66][111][116][118]

1986 Philippine presidential election
[121][122][124]
Thirty-five COMELEC computer workers led by

[66][111][112][121][124]
February 9 Linda Kapunan walk out at PICC, protesting
alleged cheating of election results.
Opposition Antique former Gov. Evelio Javier is

February 11 assassinated during the canvassing of election [111][121]
results.
Batasang Pambansa declares Marcos and

Arturo Tolentino as re-elected President and
[66][111][116][124]
February 15 elected Vice-President, respectively. Twenty-six
Assembly members walk out before the
proclamation.
Marcos' opponent Corazon Aquino, widow of

Benigno Aquino, Jr., is proclaimed President in [66][111][124]
February 16
Tagumpay ng Bayan rally in Rizal Park and calls
for a civil disobedience campaign as a protest.
EDSA I Revolution ousts Pres. Marcos; Corazon

Cojuangco–Aquino becomes President.
February 22 – Defense Minister Juan Ponce
Enrile and Constabulary Chief Gen. Fidel
Ramos withdraw from the Marcos
administration. Crowd gather outside camps
Crame and Aguinaldo. RAM joins with them as
attempted coup prevented. Jaime Cardinal Sin
urges the public on a growing revolt.
February 23 – People flock to two camps, and

Ortigas and EDSA roads, to join with Enrile and
Ramos and express support for Cojuangco–
Aquino as the real new president. Marine
forces targeting them are stopped. [1][55][61][64][66]
February [100][111][112][116][118]
February 24 – Attacks occur in Camp
22–25 [121][122][124][126][127]
Aguinaldo, Villamor Airbase, and Malacañang;
air force unit joins with rebels; reformists take
over government-owned MBS-4.
February 25 – Cojuangco–Aquino is sworn in

as President by Senior Associate Justice
Claudio Teehankee, and Salvador Laurel as
Vice-President by Justice Vicente Abad
Santos, at Club Filipino in San Juan. Aquino
appoints Enrile as Defense Secretary and
Ramos as AFP Chief of Staff. Marcos also
holds his own inauguration as television
stations covering the ceremonies are
destroyed by rebels, however at evening, he
and his family are transported by helicopters
to Clark Air Base.
From Clark Air Base, Marcoses finally leave the

February 26 country aboard U.S. planes to Guam and to [61][111]
Hawaii.
Presidential Commission on Good Government

February 28
is formed by Pres. Aquino.
CPP founder Jose Maria Sison and NPA founder

[17]
March 5 Dante Buscayno are freed by Pres. Cojuangco–
Aquino.
Pres. Aquino declares a revolutionary

government, abolishes Interim Batasang
March 25 Pambansa and the 1973 Constitution and [124]
adopts Freedom Constitution (Proclamation No.

3).
Former Vice Pres. Arturo Tolentino, with groups

of armed military officers and Marcos loyalists,
occupies the Manila Hotel and declares himself
[64][128]
July 6 as "acting" President; they are forced to
surrender after the failure of the coup that lasted
until the 8th.
DZMM of ABS–CBN is established as the first [129]

post-revolution AM radio station.
July 22
DWKO established as the first post-revolution
FM radio station.
[64][130]
July 28 The Philippine Star publishes its first issue.
August 21 Bantayog ng mga Bayani founded [112]
The Mt. Data Peace Accord is signed in Mt. Data

in Bauko, Mountain Province, between the
Philippine Government and the separatist
September [27]
Cordillera Bodong Administration–Cordillera
13
People's Liberation Army, involving cessation of
hostilities that led to a creation of an
administrative region.
September [100][103][107]
ABS–CBN resumes its broadcast.
14
KMU chairman Rolando Olalia was shot dead in

November
Antipolo, Rizal by attributing his party leaders
13
within the military.
November A coup attempt called "God Save the Queen" is [124][128]

22 reportedly discovered by the government.
Mendiola massacre: Thirteen from the farmers

are killed in clashes with the forces of policemen [64][124]
January 22
and soldiers at Mendiola Bridge in Manila during
their protest rally.
Pro-Marcos rebel soldiers, led by Col. Oscar

Canlas, seize GMA Network compound, for
January almost 3 days, and military bases in Sangley
27–29 Point, Cavite and in Pasay wherein an assault [64][124][128]
with government military forces results in the

death of a mutineer and 16 injuries.
The 1987 constitution, drafted by the

February 2 Constitutional Commission, is ratified in a [124][131]
plebiscite.
Eighteen people are killed in a clash between

February 10 rebels of the New People's Army and the military [61]
forces in Lupao, Nueva Ecija.
A new constitution is declared ratified, replacing [1]

February 11 the "freedom constitution."
Manila Standard publishes its first issue. [61]
TV Patrol, the longest-running Filipino spoken

March 2 evening newscast, starts its broadcast on ABS-
CBN.
A raid is staged by 56 rebel soldiers on Fort [61][124][128]

April 18
Bonifacio, a rebel soldier dies.
1987 Philippine legislative election; the first free

May 11 elections held in almost two decades and under [1][124]
the new constitution.
Philippine Airlines PR 206 crashes into Mt. Ugo [61][109][110][132][133]

1987 June 27 in Benguet, killing 50 on board.
A plot to take over MIA discovered, with four [124][128]

July
military officers arrested.
The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) is

created through Executive Order No. 220 signed
by Pres. Cojuangco–Aquino, consisting of, from
July 15 Region 1, the provinces of Abra, Benguet and [58][27]
Mountain Province, and Baguio City, and from

Region 2, the provinces of Kalinga-Apayao and
Ifugao.
A coup attempt, said to be the bloodiest of the
attempts against Pres. Aquino, is launched by
rebel soldiers of RAM, led by Col. Gregorio
Honasan, with assaults on Malacañang Palace,
August 28– Camp Aguinaldo, Villamor Air Base, various [1][34][61][64][116]
[124][128]
29 television stations, and military camps in
Pampanga and Cebu resulting in 53 fatalities
and over 200 injuries; prevented on the 29th as
Honasan evades arrest.
Canonization of San Lorenzo Ruiz, the first [61]

October 18
Filipino saint
November Super Typhoon Sisang slammed into Luzon,

25 killing 1,063 people.
Interisland passenger ferry MV Doña Paz, said to

be overloaded, and oil tanker MT Vector collide
and sink at Tablas Strait between Marinduque [1][55][61][64][120]
December
and Oriental Mindoro provinces and Tablas [134][135][136][137]
20
Island; death toll later estimated to be 4,386; the
deadliest maritime disaster in peacetime world
history.
1988 Local elections are held under the new [1]

January 18
constitution.
Military reports that Col. Honasan, who led the

[61]
April 2 August 1987 coup attempt, escapes from his
prison ship in Manila Bay.
Political organization Laban ng Demokratikong [1]

June
Pilipino (LDP) formed
Pres. Cojuangco–Aquino signs the

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
June 10 (CARP) into law (Republic Act No. 6657), [64][19]
providing land reform for farmers; to be effective

within 10 years; later extended.
Former Pres. Marcos and his wife are charged in

October the United States regarding illegal money [1]
transfer.
Interior Bases Agreement was signed by the

October 17
Philippines and United States.
October
Typhoon Unsang struck into Luzon.
23–24
Interisland ferry MV Doña Marilyn sinks off Leyte [64][120][134][135]

October 24
during a typhoon, killing 389.
Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism [16]

founded
Camp Cawa-Cawa in Zamboanga City is seized

by some soldiers following the hostage crisis [61][64]
January 5
wherein seven people were taken hostage by
Rizal Alih and killed in an air strike.
The famous alleged Marian apparition in the

March 31
town of Agoo, La Union to Judiel Nieva.
U.S. Army Col. James Rowe is assassinated by

the Communists; incident prompts the issue of [1]
April 21
removal of the U.S. military bases from the
country.
Pres. Cojuangco–Aquino signs Republic Act No.

6734 (the Organic Act), a law creating the [1][53]
August 1
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, giving
limited autonomy to the Muslim provinces.
Davao hostage crisis: Felipe Pugoy and

Mohammad Nasser Samparini, perpetrators of
an earlier hostage-taking incident in Davao Penal
August 13– Colony on April, lead the prisoners who take five [64]
15 people hostage in Davao Metrodiscom; ending in
gunfights with the authorities resulting in the
death of the hostages as well as some hostage
takers.
1989
September Lea Salonga begins her performance in the West
20 End production of Miss Saigon in London, for the

leading role of Kim.
September Death of Ferdinand Marcos, former Philippine [1][61][66]

28 President
Typhoons Angela (Rubing), Dan (Saling), and

Elsie (Tasing) impact the country in two weeks.
Super typhoon Angela (Rubing), causes 119
fatalities and $8 million worth of damage.
October 1– [61]
Typhoon Dan (Saling) leaves 58 dead and
13
hundreds of thousands homeless.
Typhoon Elsie (Tasing) leaves 47 dead, $35.4

million worth of damage, and 332 thousand
people homeless.
A plebiscite is held in ARMM, resulting in the

ratification of RA 6734 that established the
November [29][53]
region, with the inclusion of the provinces of
19
Lanao del Sur (except Marawi City),
Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi.
A coup attempt is launched by RAM under Col.

Honasan and Marcos loyalists under retired Gen.
December Jose Ma. Zumel, with Malacañang bombarded [1][61][116][124][128]
1–9 on the 1st and several military bases seized;
rebels surrender on the 9th; the most serious
attempt against Pres. Aquino with 99 casualties.
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao is [1]

officially created.
Hotel Delfino in Tuguegarao, Cagayan is seized

by suspended Gov. Rodolfo Aguinaldo and his [61]
March 4
armed men of 200, followed by a gunfight
intending to kill them, with a checkpoint
shootout, where 14 found dead and 10 injured.
June U.S. Peace Corps removed 261 volunteers from [1]
the country amid Communist threats.
Luzon earthquake: An earthquake with a surface

wave magnitude of 7.8, whose epicenter was
recorded in Nueva Ecija, hits Northern and
Central Luzon, affecting Cabanatuan, Dagupan,
and Baguio cities, and parts of Nueva Ecija and
July 16 Pangasinan provinces, causing a death toll of an [1][61][64][116][130]
1990 estimated 1,621 and estimated damages worth

₱15 billion; produces a 125-km long ground
rupture stretching from the municipalities of
Dingalan to Cuyapo; strongest and costliest in
the island since 1970.
Sixteen military members are convicted and

September sentenced to life imprisonment regarding the [1]
1983 assassination of Sen. Aquino.
A raid is staged by mutinying soldiers on an

army base in Mindanao on the dawn of 4th; Brig. [61]
Gen. Danilo Lim and 21 others capitulate to the
October 4–
government on the 6th.
6
Col. Alexander Noble stages a coup in Mindanao
and seizes two military garrisons in Cagayan de [128]
Oro and Butuan cities.
November Typhoon Mike (Ruping) hits Visayas, affecting [1][116]

12 Cebu City, Bacolod City, and other key cities.
1991 Merger of the Philippine Constabulary with the

January 29 Integrated National Police to form the Philippine
National Police.
Pinatubo eruption: Series of major eruptions
from the dormant Mount Pinatubo, the most
explosive occurred on the 15th, and worsened by
Typhoon Yunya (Diding) causing massive lahar
June 12–15 flows, affecting densely populated areas of [1][61][64][116][130]
Zambales, Tarlac and Pampanga; killing 847

people; total damages at least ₱12 billion; the
second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th
century.
June 30 Vizconde massacre case [130]
July 13 Hultman-Chapman murder case
Senate votes, 12–11, to reject a Treaty of

Friendship, Peace and Cooperation between the
September US and Philippines, an agreement for renewal of [27][28][64][116][124]
16 American military bases in the Philippines in
exchange for aid, forcing them to leave the
country.
October 10 The Local Government Code is signed into law. [29]
Former First Lady Imelda Marcos returns to the [1]

November country to face charges against her.
[64][124]
U.S. closes and surrenders Clark Air Base.
Tropical Storm Uring lashes into Eastern

November Visayas, leaving 8,000 people dead as a result of
4–5 widespread flooding in the coastal city of
Ormoc, Leyte.
Terrorist group Abu Sayyaf is founded by

Abdurajak Janjalani, separated from the Moro [1][64]
National Liberation Front (MNLF) in which he
was a former member.
Former First Lady Marcos is arrested and later

January released on charges regarding her accounts in [1]
Switzerland.
Pag-asa was hatched in Davao City becoming

January 15 the first Philippine eagle to be successfully bred [55]
and hatched in captivity.
March 16 Provincehood of Sarangani (Republic Act No. [58]
7228), separating from South Cotabato.
1992 Philippine general election, the first under

the 1987 Constitution (Fidel V. Ramos and [1][61][116]
Joseph E. Estrada are elected President and
May 11
Vice President, respectively.)
Biliran province was established through RA

7160.
Guimaras province was established through RA

May 22
7160.
1992
[1][116][124]
June 30 Inauguration of Pres. Fidel Ramos.
The team representing the Zamboanga City

Little League won the International
Championship of the 1992 Little League World
August 24–
Series held in Pennsylvania. However, it was
29
discovered that the Filipino team violated age
and residency rules and Little League stripped
them of their title.
September U.S. forces leave Subic Bay Naval Base upon its [1][116]
30 turn over to the Philippines.
Subic Bay Naval Base closes as it is turned over

to the local government, with a last batch of
November [28][64][116][138]
American soldiers finally leaving Naval Air
24
Station Cubi Point and returning to the US,
ending its military presence in the country.
Pres. Ramos signs the Anti-Subversion Law of [1]

1992.
Catholics led by Cardinal Sin, hold a major rally
[1]
in Manila, protesting the administration's
policies on birth control and prevention of AIDS.
June 28–29 Sarmenta-Gomez Rape-slay case.
A floating pagoda sinks in the annual Bocaue

River Festival in Bocaue, Bulacan, 279 devotees [61][134]
July 2
drown.
Marcos funeral: Remains of former Pres.

Marcos return in the country upon permission [1][64]
1993 September from the government; are interred later in his
hometown of Batac.
Former First Lady Imelda Marcos is found by

Sandiganbayan guilty of corruption and
24
sentenced to 18–24 years in prison.
Numerous bomb attacks in Davao City, targeting

[64]
December a church and two mosques, kill at least two and
injure 150.
Pres. Ramos signs Republic Act 7659 reinstating

capital punishment for selected crimes, which is [1][64]
banned in the 1987 Constitution.
The government and the Moro National

January Liberation Front sign a ceasefire agreement, [1]
aiming to end guerrilla war.
The Philippines first makes its connection to the

Internet, with Philippine Network Foundation [37][61]
March 29
connects to the United States' Sprint via a 64
kbit/s link.
Cityhood of Santiago, Isabela (Republic Act No. [26]

May 5
7720)
Miss Universe 1994, its 43rd pageant, was held

May 21
in Manila.
A 5-day conference on East Timor held in Manila

June ends with an agreement to form a coalition for [1]
then Indonesian territory.
Abu Sayyaf group massacres 15 Christian

civilians in Basilan and holds 19 others hostage;
most of the captives are freed later following a
July rescue mission, while Lamitan parish priest Fr. [64]
Cirilo Nacorda is freed on August after being

1994
turned over by the group to the Moro National
Liberation Front (MNLF).
The Manila Film Festival's Awards Night was

June 22
marred by allegations of cheating.
Series of terror attacks of the MILF in parts of

North Cotabato result in the death of 50 people [64]
October
from both the rebel and government sides and
displace thousands from four municipalities.
November
Mindoro earthquake
15
Singaporean freighter Kota Suria and ferry MV

December 2 Cebu City collides in Manila Bay, killing about [120][134][135]
140.
A bomb explodes on board a Philippine Airlines

plane during a test run as part of the Bojinka
December [61][133][140][141]
plot, a planned attack for the assassination of
11
Pope John Paul II during his 1995 visit, killing a
passenger.
Abu Sayyaf launches a series of bombings in [64]

Zamboanga City, killing 71.
1995 Bojinka plot is discovered following a chemical [1][61][141][142]

January
fire in an apartment in Manila.
January Pope John Paul II visits the Philippines and [1][61]
10–15 presides over the country's first World Youth Day
in Manila.
Philippine Navy sights ships and structures

being built, all by the Chinese, in Mischief Reef
(Panganiban Reef) in the South China Sea off
February Palawan; causing Manila to file legal diplomatic [1][64]
actions against Beijing over continuous

occupation of the Kalayaan Island Group, and
further resistance between the Philippines and
China.
Old Kalinga-Apayao is divided into separate

February 14 provinces of Kalinga and Apayao. (Republic Act [19][58]
No. 7878)
Then Calauan, Laguna Mayor Antonio Sanchez

and several co-accused are sentenced to life [130]
March 14
imprisonment for the death of two UPLB
students.
OFW Flor Contemplacion, accused of murder, is [1]

March 17
executed in Singapore.
[1][64]
Abu Sayyaf rebels raid Ipil town, wherein they
April 3
burn the town center and kill 53 people.
President Ramos inaugurated the opening of

Subic International Airport (formerly a United
April 30
States military base). This indicates growth after
the removal of military bases in the country.
May 8 1995 Philippine general election
May 17 Kuratong Baleleng case
October 31 Super Typhoon Rosing
The construction of the Skyway project was

November initiated, the biggest infrastructure project in the
27 country that was intended to ease the flow of
traffic in Metro Manila.
1996 Fire razes Ozone Disco Bar in Quezon City, killing [130][143]
March 18
more than 158, including students.
Marcopper mining disaster in Marinduque

March 24 occurs; one of the largest mining disasters in [61][143]
history.
OFW Sarah Balabagan, accused of killing her [143]

August 1
Arab employer in 1994, is freed.
Onyok Velasco wins the silver medal in the

semifinal rounds of a boxing category in the
[143]
August 4 1996 Summer Olympics held in the U.S.;
however, later loses a gold medal after being
defeated by a Bulgarian opponent.
The Final Peace Agreement between the

Philippine Government and the Moro National
Liberation Front (MNLF), led by Nur Misuari, is
2
signed at the Malacañan Palace; implementing
the 1976 Tripoli Agreement.
November 8th Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) [143]

24–25 Summit was held in Subic.
1997 Death of Diosdado Macapagal, former Philippine [61]

April 21
President
Asian financial crisis hits the country; causes [1][61][64]

July
decreasing economic growth in the Philippines.
Pres. Ramos signs Indigenous Peoples' Rights

Act (Republic Act No. 8371), with the creation of [29][31]
October 29
National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
(NCIP).
Provincehood of Compostela Valley (Republic [58]

January 30 Act No. 8470), separating from Davao del Norte.
Cityhood of Passi, Iloilo (RA 8469) [58]
A Cebu Pacific plane hits Mt. Sumagaya in [109][110][132]

February 2
Claveria, Misamis Oriental, killing 104 on board.
Cityhood of Urdaneta, Pangasinan (Republic Act [17]

February 10
No. 8480).
February 11 Cityhood of Talisay, Negros Occidental (Republic [17]
Act No. 8489)
Cityhood of Kidapawan, North Cotabato [17]

February 12
1998 Philippine general election (Joseph [144][145][146]

May 11
1998 Estrada is elected)
Celebrations for Centennial of Philippine [61][64]

June 12
Independence begins, with 2-day activities held.
Joseph Estrada takes his oath as 13th President [1][144]

of the Philippines.
June 30
Newly elected Vice President Gloria Macapagal– [1]
Arroyo takes office.
Dry spell felt in 16 regions amid country's four-

June– [61]
year growth, with ₱9 billion worth of agricultural
September
damages.
September Passenger ferry Princess of the Orient sinks off [120][134][135]

18 Fortune Island during a typhoon, killing 150.
Abu Sayyaf founder Abdurajak Janjalani dies in [64]

a police encounter.
Rape convict Leo Echegaray is executed by

lethal injection at the New Bilibid Prison in
Muntinlupa City; the first Filipino to be meted the [1][55][61][62][64]
February 5
death penalty since its reinstatement in 1993;
yet the country's first public execution since
1976, and also of that method.
New Visiting Forces Agreement (VFA) with the [1][64]
1999 May
United States is ratified by the Senate, returning
American military presence in the country.
About 60 people died and 378 houses buried

when a massive landslide, caused by Typhoon [61]
August 3
Olga (Ising), occurs in Cherry Hills subdivision in
Antipolo City, Rizal.
December
Cityhood of Tuguegarao, Cagayan [29][31]
18
Gregorio Aglipay as the Obispo

Maximus of the Iglesia Filipina
Independiente.

Tabernakulo of Iglesia ni Cristo in

Quezon City, Philippines.
The Philippine Constabulary

Macario Sakay, the unofficial President

of the Tagalog Republic.
First Philippine Assembly.

Manuel L. Quezon was the First

President of Commonwealth of the
Philippines, the father of Philippine
Language.

Masaharu Homma
Ramon Magsaysay, the Man of Mass.

The leaders of some of the Southeast

Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
nations in front of the Congress
Building in Manila, hosted by Philippine
President Ferdinand Marcos on 24
October 1966.

Ferdinand Marcos: The 10th President

of the Philippines, The longest-term
held in office.

The Empire Province of Cotabato has

been dissolved on November 22, 1973,
the remaining territories of the Empire
Province of Cotabato was divided into
North Cotabato, Maguindanao and
Sultan Kudarat through Presidential
Decree No. 341.

Corazon Aquino: The 11th President of

the Philippines, The First-women held
in office.
Lorenzo Ruiz proclaimed as a saint.

The eruption column of Mount

Pinatubo on June 12, 1991, three days
before the climactic eruption.
21st century
2000 The Philippines celebrates the new 2000

January 1
millennium nationwide.
Pres. Estrada's government declares an "all-out-

March 15 war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front [64]
(MILF).
An Air Philippines plane crashes in the hills of

Island Garden City of Samal, Davao del Norte, [55][64][109][110][132]
April 19
killing all 131 on board; the worst aviation disaster
in country's history.
Cargo vessel Annahada sinks off Jolo Island, [120][134][135]

April 12
killing 159.
Twenty-one foreigners are abducted by Abu

Sayyaf extremists from Sipadan Island, Malaysia [64][144]
April 23
and are later brought to Jolo Island; hostage crisis
lasts five months.
A computer virus is released by a student,

[64]
May damaging around 45 million computers
worldwide.
A Philippine Airlines plane is hijacked by an armed [147]

May 25
man, who later died in a failed jump attempt.
Fall of Camp Abubakar: Camp Abubakar in

Maguindanao is captured by the Armed Forces of
July 9 the Philippines (AFP) from the Moro Islamic [64][144]
Liberation Front (MILF), as part of a campaign

against Moro insurgency in Mindanao.
More than 200 people are killed in a trash slide in [64]

July 10
Payatas, Quezon City.
Cityhood of Maasin, Southern Leyte (Republic Act [53]

August 10
No. 8796)
Luis Singson exposes Pres. Estrada's alleged links

October 4 to illegal gambling; followed by a privilege speech [61]
of Sen. Teofisto Guingona in Senate.
Pres. Estrada is the first incumbent president to [1][61][64][144][145]

November
be impeached by House of Representatives on [148]
13
accusations regarding jueteng money;
December Cityhood of Valencia, Bukidnon approved (RA [29][58]

5 8985); ratified in a plebiscite, Jan. 12, 2001.
The Senate formally initiates the impeachment

December [148][149][150]
trial against Pres. Estrada presided by Chief
7
Justice Hilario Davide, Jr.
December Cityhood of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, the first Science [28]

9 City in the country and in Southeast Asia.
Rizal Day bombings: Series of terrorist bombings

[61][64][149]
December occur in Metro Manila, with 22 fatalities and more
30 than 120 injuries.
Cityhood of Balanga, Bataan [29]
EDSA II Revolution ousts Pres. Estrada; Vice-Pres.

Gloria Macapagal–Arroyo becomes the 14th
January 16 – Prosecutors of the trial walk out
after senators voted, 11–10, not to open the
second envelope containing the documents of
evidences against Pres. Estrada, regarding his
supposed link to a bank account purportedly
containing kickbacks from an illegal numbers
game; crowd start to gather in the People
Power Shrine and conduct the mass rallies,
[1][26][61][64][66]
January calling for his resignation.
[130][145][146][148][149]
16–20 January 17 – Impeachment trial aborted. [150][151]
January 19 – High-ranking military and police

officials, including Defense Sec. Orlando
Mercado, AFP Chief of Staff Gen. Angelo Reyes
and PNP Chief Dir. Gen. Panfilo Lacson,
withdraw from the Estrada administration.
January 20 – Pres. Estrada resigns and leaves

Malacañang. Vice-Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo is
sworn into office by Chief Justice Davide at Our
Lady of EDSA Shrine in Mandaluyong City; thus,
the nation's second woman President.
Cityhood of San Fernando, Pampanga approved

[58]
January (Republic Act No. 8990); ratified in a plebiscite,
Feb. 4.
February Provincehood of Zamboanga Sibugay (RA 8973), [17][19]

22 separating from Zamboanga del Sur.
Moro Islamic Liberation Front declares ceasefire [1]

2001 March
with the government.
Cityhood of Calamba, Laguna approved (RA 9024); [19]

March 5
ratified in a plebiscite, Apr. 21.
Former Pres. Estrada, charged with plunder while

in office, and his son Jinggoy are arrested [1][66][148][151]
April 25
following an arrest warrant issued by
Sandiganbayan with their co-accused.
EDSA III: Supporters of former Pres. Estrada stage

April 30– [64][66][148][151]
protest following his arrest, ending in a violent
May 1
dispersal and riots on the 1st, killing four.
May 14 2001 Philippine general election
Dos Palmas Resort kidnappings: Twenty hotel

staff and guests, mostly tourists, are seized by the
May 27 Islamist terrorist group Abu Sayyaf members from [1][61][64][130]
the Dos Palmas Resort in Honda Bay, Palawan;

hostage crisis lasts for more than 12 months.
Lamitan Siege: Abu Sayyaf takes a church and a

hospital in Lamitan, Basilan hostage, with captives
[64]
brought from Palawan, wherein four of them are
reportedly escaped, and 20 more people; terrorists
escape military operation.
A fire swept through the Manor Hotel in Quezon

August 18
City and killed at least 68 people.
A rebellion in Sulu and Zamboanga City, staged by

[64]
November several MNLF commanders loyal to Nur Misuari,
is suppressed by AFP.
Another plebiscite is held in ARMM (by virtue of

RA 9054) for its expansion, resulting in inclusion [53]
of Basilan province and Marawi City.
2002 February Former Pres. Estrada admits signing ₱500 million [61]
26 Jose Velarde bank account in Equitable-PCI Bank.
March 5 Mindanao earthquake
Hostage crisis in Pasay City Bus Terminal, a 4-

May 31
year-old boy was killed.
A rescue operation for the remaining Abu Sayyaf

captives, held since 2001, is launched by the
Special Forces of the Armed Forces of the
June 7 Philippines (AFP) in an area in Zamboanga del [1][64]
Norte; with a gun battle resulting in the deaths of

Martin Burnham and Ediborah Yap; only Gracia
Burnham survived.
June 21 Death of Abu Sabaya, leader of Abu Sayyaf.
Abu Sayyaf kidnaps six Filipino members of a [1]

August
Christian group, two of them later beheaded.
Series of bombings, allegedly by the Abu Sayyaf, [1]

October
take place in Manila and Zamboanga cities.
Government soldiers' attempt to disband a

February terrorist kidnap group "Pentagon Gang" results in
11 a 3-day encounter that killed about 135 MILF [1]
fighters in their base near Pikit town.
2003
Oakwood mutiny: Magdalo Group, led by Army
Capt. Gerardo Gambala and LtSG. Antonio [64][152]
July 27
Trillanes IV, takes a mutiny at Oakwood Premier
apartments in Makati City.
November [61]
Death of Pedro Yap, former Chief Justice
20
SuperFerry 14 is bombed by then Jemaah

February Islamiyah-linked Abu Sayyaf, then sinks near [64][120][134][135]
27 Manila Bay, killing 116; deadliest terrorist attack in
Philippine history.
Supreme Court votes, 8-5, to declare then

Presidential candidate Fernando Poe Jr. as a [64]
March 3
natural-born Filipino, qualifying him to run in
elections.
2004 Philippine general election (incumbent Pres.

May 10 Gloria Macapagal–Arroyo elected to a six-year [1][61][64][152]
term)
Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo is sworn into office by

June 30 then Chief Justice Hilario Davide Jr. at the [26]
provincial capitol of Cebu.
October [61]
Death of Enrique Fernando, former Chief Justice.
13
2004
November A Philippine National Railways train crashes in [153]
12 Padre Burgos, Quezon, killing 12.
November Hacienda Luisita massacre takes place, 14 people [64]

16 die in clashes with police.
Cyclones Muifa (Unding), Merbok (Violeta), Winnie

and Nanmadol (Yoyong) hit the country, affecting
million people, causing massive fatalities and
November damages.
20– In November, a tropical depression (Winnie) kills [154][152]
December more than 1,500 people, causes damages of

2 estimated ₱679 million (US$15.8 million).
Cyclone Nanmadol (Yoyong) strikes the country,

killing 70 people.
December [61][152]
Death of Fernando Poe, Jr., action film star
14
Cityhood of Santa Rosa, Laguna [58]
Valentine's Day bombings: Three explosions occur

in the cities of Makati, Davao, and General Santos,
February [61][152]
resulting to, in total, 8 deaths and at least 90
14
injuries; Abu Sayyaf claims responsibility for the
attacks.
May 11 A bus crash in Tuba, Benguet leaves 27 dead. [155]
Hello Garci scandal (Legitimacy of declared

election winners questioned): Audio recordings,
containing a conversation believed to be between
[61][64][152]
June 6 Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo and Election
Commissioner Virgilio Garcillano, are released by
media to the public, revealing the allegations of
2005 cheating in 2004 national elections.
Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo addresses the Filipinos

June 27 in a live televised speech from Malacañang [64]
regarding an audio recording controversy.
Congress rejects impeachment complaints

September against Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo in what would [64]
6 be the longest Lower House session in country's
history.
Reformed Value Added Tax Law (also called

Expanded VAT) is implemented, after being
[152]
November
delayed for months, as a solution to the
government's fiscal crisis.
A stampede occurred at the PhilSports Complex,

February 4
causing the deaths of 74 people.
A landslide from an entire mountainside occurs in

February Guinsaugon village in Southern Leyte, following [61][154][152]
17 continuous heavy rains and an earthquake,
causing damages and 1,126 deaths.
Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo places the entire country

February [118][152]
under state of emergency (Proclamation 1017) in
24
response to coup rumours.
Mountaineer Leo Oracion reached the summit of

May 18
Mount Everest via the Nepalese side.
Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo signs Republic Act 9346 [64]

June 24
abolishing capital punishment in the country.
Cityhood of Cabadbaran, Agusan del Norte [53]

July 24
Vessel M/T Solar I sinks off the coast of

[120][152]
August 11 Guimaras, resulting to an oil spill, causing
2006
widespread environmental damage.
September Typhoon Xangsane (Milenyo) struck Luzon, killing [152]

28 at least 200 and causing agricultural damages.
Provincehood of Dinagat Islands (Republic Act No. [28][26]

October 2
9355), separating from Surigao del Norte.
Typhoon Durian (Reming) kills at least 720 people,

with damages at US$130 million; triggers a
November [61][27][152][154]
massive landslide from the Mayon volcano in
25–30
Legazpi City on the 30th, causing additional 800–
1,000 casualties.
Makati City Regional Trial Court convicts

December American serviceman LCpl. Daniel Smith and [64][152]
4 acquits three co-accused for their involvement in
the 2005 Subic rape case.
December [29]
Cityhood of Meycauayan, Bulacan
10
Death of Khadaffy Janjalani, Abu Sayyaf leader. [64]
January [61][152]
12th ASEAN Summit is held in Mandaue City.
13
Rep. Satur Ocampo is arrested and charged with

murder allegedly committed on a purge of [152]
March
suspected spies in the CPP–NPA occurred then,
later released.
The Permanent Peoples' Tribunal in The Hague

finds the Arroyo administration responsible for [152]
March
unsolved killings and disappearances in the
country.
Manny Pacquiao knocks out Jorge Solis, retaining

April 15 super featherweight title, in a boxing match at San [61]
Antonio, Texas.
A contract is signed by the Philippine and Chinese

April 20 governments for a proposed National Broadband [130][152]
Network, which later found to be corrupted.
May 14 2007 Philippine general election [61][152]
Provincial election officer Lintang Bedol is

July arrested regarding reports of electoral fraud in [152]
Maguindanao, later released.
Fourteen Marine soldiers are found beheaded

following an encounter between government
[61][64][152]
July 11 forces and Islamic rebels Moro Islamic Liberation
Front (MILF) and, allegedly, Abu Sayyaf, in Tipo-
Tipo, Basilan.
2007
Cityhood of Guihulngan, Negros Oriental (Republic [53]
July 14
Act No. 9409)
Exiled Communist Party of the Philippines

August 28 founding chairman Jose Maria Sison is arrested [61][152]
at Utrecht, Netherlands.
Sandiganbayan and the Office of the Ombudsman

September convicts former Pres. Estrada for plunder and [61][64][145][146][151]
[152]
12 sentences him to reclusion perpetua, but acquits
him and his co-accused on other charges.
Manny Pacquiao defeats Marco Antonio Barrera,

October 6 retaining super featherweight title, in a boxing [61]
match at Las Vegas, Nevada.
October An explosion at Glorietta mall in Makati kills 11 [61][152]

19 and injures at least 100.
October Former Pres. Joseph Estrada is pardoned and [61][145][152]

26 freed from jail after his trial.
November An explosion at the House of Representatives [152]

13 building in Quezon City kills four people.
November The Armed Forces lays siege to The Peninsula [61][152]

29 Manila following a mutiny staged by soldiers.
Fourteen Abu Sayyaf members are convicted by

December [28]
the Pasig City Regional Trial Court regarding the
6
2001 kidnapping incident in Palawan.
MNLF leader Nur Misuari is arrested in Malaysia [64]

following rebellion charges filed against him.
2008 The House of Representatives votes to replace

February [61]
House Speaker Jose de Venecia with Prospero
4–5
Nograles.
Jun Lozada testifies before the Philippine Senate

February 8 in connection with the National Broadband [152]
Network contract deal.
Several Congress members call for an

investigation into a joint oil exploration agreement
March 6 on 2004 between the Philippines, China, and [61]
Vietnam over the disputed Spratly Islands,

claiming it unconstitutional.
Former First Lady Imelda Marcos is acquitted by a

March 11 Manila trial court of 32 counts of illegal money [61]
transfers.
The United States Supreme Court hears oral

arguments on a certiorari petition filed by the
[61]
March 17 government, invoking sovereign immunity
regarding the enforcement against former Pres.
Marcos' estate.
Former Pres. Corazon Aquino's family announces [61][152]

March 24
that she is suffering from colon cancer.
Police seize hundreds of bomb components in

Alaminos, Laguna, following a raid targeting a [61]
Filipino with alleged links to Jemaah Islamiyah.

April 8
Nine military officers receive prison sentences
[61][152]
from a Makati City trial court in connection to the
2003 Oakwood mutiny.
Ten people are killed in a bank robbery of a Rizal

May 16 Commercial Banking Corporation (RCBC) branch [152]
in Cabuyao, Laguna.
The Manila Electric Company held its tension-

filled annual stockholders meeting, which lasted
May 27 for more than 13 hours, making it the longest
stockholders' meeting in Philippine corporate
history.
Typhoon Fengshen (Frank) makes landfall in

Samar on the 20th; devastates Central Visayas;
June 20–
kills at least 557 people and affects more than [64][154]
23
99,600 families in some regions, with damages at
₱4.37 billion (US$101.2 million).
Passenger ferry MV Princess of the Stars capsizes

and sinks off San Fernando, Romblon in Sibuyan [64][120][134][135][136]
June 21 [152][154]
Island during a typhoon, 814 of its total number of
passengers and crew are either dead or missing.
Peace talks between the government and the

Moro Islamic Liberation Front collapse after the
[61][152]
August 25 memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain
is declared by the Supreme Court
unconstitutional.
October Euro Generals scandal [152]
Former Agriculture Usec. Jocelyn Bolante is

arrested by the Senate after his arrival from the [152]
October
U.S. for his involvement in the Fertilizer fund
scam.
Miss Philippines Karla Henry was crowned Miss

November
Earth 2008 during the coronation night held at
9
Angeles City, the first Filipino to win the title.
December Manny Pacquiao defeats Oscar De La Hoya in the [61]

6 so-called The Dream Match.
CARPER (CARP Extension with Reforms) Law is

[64][19]
passed, reforming CARP and extending it until
2014.
2009 Three International Committee of the Red Cross

January [152]
volunteers are kidnapped by the rebel group Abu
15
Sayyaf
Philippine Archipelagic Baselines Law (Republic

Act 9522) is signed into law by Pres. Macapagal– [152]
March
Arroyo, ensuring international recognition of the
country’s territorial boundaries.
April 23 Court of Appeals acquits LCpl. Daniel Smith in [64]
connection with Subic rape case, reversing the

2006 decision, ordering his release.
Death of Corazon Aquino, former Philippine [61][64][130]

August 1
President
August Typhoon Morakot (Kiko) hits the country. [61][152]
Death of Eraño Manalo, Executive Minister of the

August 31
Iglesia ni Cristo.
Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy) is the most devastating

September typhoon to hit the country since Typhoon Patsy [61][130][152]
26 (Yoling), affecting Manila, with damages of $1.09
billion and 747 fatalities.
Typhoon Parma (Pepeng) hits the country,

October affecting million people, causing casualties and [152]
damages.
October Cityhood of Dasmariñas, Cavite approved (RA [31]

15 9723); ratified in a plebiscite, Nov. 26.
Maguindanao massacre: Fifty-eight people being

part of a convoy, including clan members and 32
journalists, are killed and buried in a mass grave in
November [28][61][64][152]
Ampatuan town by an estimated 100 gunmen
23
belonging to a victims' political rival; single
deadliest attack against journalists in world
history.
Pres. Macapagal-Arroyo places Maguindanao

December [29][61][64][152]
under a state of martial law in connection with the
4
murder incident; lifts it eight days later.
MNLF leader Nur Misuari is acquitted in [64]

connection to the 2001 rebellion.
2010 Sen. Panfilo Lacson leaves the country before

January 5 charges against him, in connection to Dacer– [61]
Corbito murders, are filed.
The 2010 Philippine general elections, also the

first national computerized election in the
[64]
May 10
Philippine history, took place. (Benigno Aquino III
is elected President)
Renato Corona is appointed as Chief Justice by [64]

May 17
Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo.
President-elect Benigno Aquino III won the

June 9 Presidential election, being the 15th President of
the Philippines.
Inauguration of Benigno Aquino III as the 15th

President of the Philippines at the Quirino [61][64][130]
June 30
Grandstand, with oath taking before Assoc.
Justice Conchita Carpio-Morales.
A bus, which franchise is said to be illegally

[155]
August 18 operated, crashes in Sablan, Benguet, killing 42
passengers.
A hostage-taking incident at the Quirino

August 23 Grandstand ends in a gunfight that killed a [34][61]
perpetrator and eight hostages.
An explosion rocks the De La Salle University in

September [61]
Manila during the last day of that year's Bar
26
Exams.
Typhoon Juan, officially as Typhoon Megi, hits

October
northeastern Luzon at Sierra Madre, creating
16–18
widespread damage over Luzon.
December Supreme Court acquits Hubert Webb and six [61][130]

14 others convicted in the Vizconde massacre case.
December
Philippine New Banknotes Released
16
December Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV is released from jail after

20 7 years in detention. [61]
2011 January
24 UST Quadricentennial Celebration
Supreme Court declares creation of a Truth

Commission (Executive Order No. 1) [64]
July 26
unconstitutional.
The heroism of 12-year-old schoolgirl Janela Lelis.
Atty. Koko Pimentel proclaimed as Senator of the

August 11
Republic of the Philippines.
Former Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo and her husband

are ordered to be arrested following a hold [64]
departure order issued by Department of Justice
against them, Oct. 28.
November Puerto Princesa Underground River is named as [31]

11 one of the world's New7Wonders of Nature.
Electoral sabotage charges are filed by Comelec

against former Pres. Macapagal–Arroyo, arrested
November [64]
on the same day, and the co-accused at the Pasay
18
City Regional Trial Court in connection to
allegations of electoral fraud.
Supreme Court orders the distribution of

November [29][64]
Cojuangco-owned Hacienda Luisita lands in
22
Tarlac to the farmer-beneficiaries.
Articles of Impeachment filed against Chief

December Justice Renato Corona over various allegations is [64]
12 signed by 188 members of the House of
Representatives.
Tropical Storm Washi (Sendong) causes flash

December floods, leaving 1,080 people dead and affecting [154]
Cagayan de Oro and Iligan cities.

January 5 A landslide in a gold mine site in Pantukan, [154]
Compostela Valley kills 25 people.
January Impeachment trial of Chief Justice Corona begins [64]

16 at Senate.
An earthquake with 6.9 magnitude hits Visayas [156]

February
islands causing damages.
An attempt of the Philippine Navy to detain

Chinese fishermen caught on the Scarborough [156]
April
Shoal is blocked by China, escalating a diplomatic
standoff over the area.
Supreme Court votes to distribute Hacienda [28]

April 24
Luisita lands to its farmers.
Cityhood of Cabuyao, Laguna approved (Republic [26]

May 16
Act No. 10163); ratified in a plebiscite in August.
Senators vote, 20–3, to convict Chief Justice

Corona guilty in the second article of the [64][156]
May 29
impeachment case regarding alleged undisclosed
wealth, removing him from office.
July 10 Death of Dolphy, dubbed as the "Comedy King" [156]
Typhoons Saola (Gener) and Haikui bring heavy

rains, causing widespread flooding in the country [156]
2012 July
and affecting millions of people; death toll rises to
89 as of mid-August.
Death of Jesse Robredo, Interior Secretary, one

[109][156]
August 18 among the 4 killed in a plane crash off Masbate
Island.
Cybercrime Prevention Act (Republic Act 10175) is [156]

September
signed into law by Pres. Aquino.
The Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro is

signed by the Philippine Government and the
Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), aiming to
October
15 end war in the southern Philippines and also for [29][156]
the creation of a new autonomous political entity,

Bangsamoro, replacing the Autonomous Region
of Muslim Mindanao.
October Canonization of Pedro Calungsod as second

[156]
21 Filipino saint
Typhoon Bopha (Pablo) makes landfall on

December Mindanao, affecting Compostela Valley and [154][156]
3 Davao Oriental, with more than 600 fatalities and
damages estimated at more than US$1 billion.
December Reproductive Health Bill (Republic Act 10354) is [156]

21 signed into law by Pres. Aquino.
2013 May 13 2013 Philippine general election
The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013,

May 15
commonly known as K–12 program was signed.
The United Federated States of Bangsamoro

July 27 Republik (UFSBR) declares its independence from
the Philippines
Passenger ship MV St. Thomas Aquinas and cargo

[120][134][135]
August 16 ship Sulpicio Express Siete collide in Cebu Strait,
killing 115.
MNLF commander Ustadz Habier Malik launches

September an attack on Zamboanga City, leaving more than [64]
200 people dead.
The UFSBR ceases to exists as it is defeated in

September the Zamboanga City crisis.
28 Miss Philippines Megan Young was crowned Miss
World 2013.
A magnitude 7.2 earthquake, whose released

energy is found equivalent to 32 Hiroshima
October [31][154]
bombs, strikes Bohol province, affecting Central
15 Visayas, with 222 people died; the country’s
deadliest earthquake since 1990.
October A multiple-vehicle collision in Atimonan, Quezon [157]

19 kills at least 20.
October Davao Occidental was founded, separating from

28 Davao del Sur; country's 81st province.
Super Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) landfalls in

Visayas and devastates the country, whose winds
caused storm surges that severely flooded
Eastern and Central Visayan coasts, with Samar
November (Guiuan town) and Leyte (Tacloban City) among [61][64]
8 the most affected; death toll of at least 6,300;
majority of about 11 million people reportedly
affected are left homeless; one of the strongest
tropical cyclones to hit the country, and the
deadliest typhoon on record.
December A bus falls off an elevated Skyway in Parañaque [157]

16 City, killing at least 18 passengers on board.
2014 A bus falls off a ravine in Bontoc, Mountain [155][157]

February 7
Province, killing at least 14 passengers on board.
The Comprehensive Agreement on the

March 27
Bangsamoro was signed.
Philippine government files a memorandum in the

March 30 United Nations arbitration court regarding the [17]
shoals and reefs in the West Philippine Sea.
The Philippines and Indonesia signed a maritime

treaty that draws the boundary of the two
May 23
countries' overlapping Exclusive Economic Zone
in Mindanao and Celebes seas.
A plunder complaint is filed against Vice Pres.

Jejomar Binay, his son and city mayor, and other
July respondents before the Office of the Ombudsman, [64]
regarding allegedly overpriced Makati City Hall II

parking building.
Philippine Arena is inaugurated in Bocaue, [53]

July 21
Bulacan, the "largest mixed-use indoor theater."
The Centennial Celebration of the Iglesia ni Cristo.
Philippines marks a milestone in its population

July 27
growth identifying the birth of a baby girl in a
Manila hospital as the 100 millionth Filipino.
President Aquino III lead the handover of the draft

September of the Bangsamoro Basic Law to the Senate and
10 House leaders in a historical turnover ceremony at
the Malacañang.
November Ozone Disco Club fire Case Finished. Result 7

20 officials of Quezon City convicted.
Nine Chinese fishermen are convicted of

November [28]
poaching and illegal possession of endangered
24
species from the West Philippine Sea.
Typhoon Ruby, officially as Typhoon Hagupit hits

December
Western Visayas, and Eastern Visayas, creating
6
widespread damage over Visayas.
December Vigan City, Ilocos Sur is chosen as one of the [29]

8 world's New7Wonders Cities.
December BSP announces demonetizing the old Philippine

29 Banknotes (issued in 1985).
Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement

[64]
(EDCA) signed, maintaining rotational American
military presence in the country.
2015 Papal visit of Pope Francis in the Philippines, with

January [61][64][158]
a special Mass held at the Tacloban airport on the
15–19
17th.
Mamasapano clash: An encounter between police
commandos and the MILF occurs in a police
January operation in Mamasapano, Maguindanao aiming [64][158]
25 to capture international terrorist Marwan; leading
to, in total, 74 deaths including 44 PNP–SAF
officers
The AFP declared its all-out offensive campaign

February
against the MILF break away group, the
25
Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters.
Death of Ameril Umbra Kato, the founding leader

April 14
of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters.
Execution of convicted OFW Mary Jane Veloso,

sentenced to death in 2010 in Indonesia for [64][158]
April 29
alleged drug smuggling, is suspended by the
Indonesian government.
May 3 Manny Pacquiao is defeated by Floyd Mayweather

[158]
Jr. in the so-called Battle For Greatness in MGM
(PHL)
Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada.
Abdul Basit Usman, the most wanted bomb expert

May 3 in the country, was killed by a MILF group unit in
Guindulungan, Maguindanao.
A fire at the Kentex slipper factory in Valenzuela [64]

May 13
City results in 72 fatalities.
Pres. Aquino signs Executive Order 183, creating [19]

May 29
the Negros Island Region.
Death of Kumander Parago, the top commander

June 28
of the New People’s Army.
The Iglesia ni Cristo has expelled Tenny and Angel

July 23
Manalo.
President Benigno Aquino III takes his final State

July 27
of the Nation Address.
Thousands of Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) members
August stage protests at the Department of Justice (DOJ)
[64]
27–31 office on Padre Faura St., and then at EDSA,
regarding an attempt to investigate allegations
within the church.
Three members of lumad people are killed by a

paramilitary force, allegedly from the same
September [64]
indigenous group, in a village in Lianga, Surigao
1
del Sur, during the military campaign against
Communist rebels in Mindanao.
Typhoon Koppu (Lando) hits northern and central

October [64]
Luzon, creating widespread damage and floods
18
over Luzon.
November APEC Philippines 2015 is held, concludes with the [61][64][158]

18–19 APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting.
December LCpl. Joseph Scott Pemberton is convicted by the [158]

1 court for the death of a transgender in 2014.
December Typhoon Nona devastates parts of the Philippines,

14–19 killing 41 and cost ₱2 billion in damages.
December
Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach is crowned Miss Universe
21 [61][64][158]
2015 in Las Vegas, Nevada; the country's first title
(PHL) after 42 years.
Supreme Court declares the EDCA as [64]

January
constitutional.
January The 51st International Eucharistic Congress is [58]

24–31 held in Cebu City.
The National Mapping and Resource Information

February
Authority announces that it has documented more
10
than 400 additional islands.
Re-interment of the remains of the late former

February
29 President Elpidio Quirino was held in Libingan ng
mga Bayani on his 60th death anniversary.
Supreme Court votes, 9-6, in favor of then

presidential candidate Grace Poe regarding her
March [64]
Filipino citizenship, qualifying her to run in
elections.
Diwata-1 was launched to the International Space

March 23 Station aboard the Cygnus spacecraft on a supply
mission.
Three farmers are killed and several are injured in

a violent dispersal by the police of the groups of [64]
April 1
farmers and indigenous people conducting a 3-
day rally in Kidapawan City.
Twenty-three soldiers and Abu Sayyaf bandits,

including a Moroccan jihadist, are killed in a [64]
April 9
gunfight between government troops and a
terrorist group in Tipo-Tipo, Basilan.
April 29 Death of Renato Corona, former Chief Justice [64]
2016 Philippine general election (Rodrigo Duterte [61][64]

May 9
is elected as the first President from Mindanao)
Arianwen Rollan was awarded for her Malunggay

Anti-Cancer research.
May 22
Jaclyn Jose wins the Cannes Film Festival Award
for Best Actress at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival.
Philippines beats Thailand in the 2016 SEABA

May 28
Stankovic Cup.
Rodrigo Duterte and Leni Robredo were

May 30 proclaimed as the new President and Vice
Rodrigo Duterte and Leni Robredo take over their

June 30 posts as the 16th President of the Philippines and [64]
14th Vice President of the Philippines.
The Philippines men's national basketball team

ends their bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics in
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil after they were defeated by
July 6
New Zealand in the 2016 FIBA World Olympic
Qualifying Tournament.
The Permanent Court of Arbitration rules in favor

of the Philippines against China over territorial [27]
July 12
disputes in the West Philippine Sea (South China
Sea).
Former Vice President Jejomar Binay was filed by

2016 the Office of the Ombudsman with graft,
July 14 falsification and violation of the government
procurement law charges in connection with the
Makati City Hall Building II project.
The Supreme Court acquits former President

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo of her plunder case
July 19
regarding the alleged misuse of funds for the
PCSO in an 11–4 ruling.
President Duterte signs an executive order for the

July 23 implementation of the Freedom of Information
(FOI).
First State of the Nation Address of Rodrigo

July 25
Duterte.
Launch of the 911 emergency number and 8888

August 1
civil service complaint hotline
At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro,

Hidilyn Diaz wins a silver medal at the Women's
53 kg event for weightlifting. It is the Philippines'
August 7
tenth Olympic medal overall and the country's first
since the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, 20
years prior.
An explosion rocks a night market in Davao City,

September
where at least 15 people were killed and 70 were
2
reported to have been injured.
President Rodrigo Duterte issued Proclamation

September No. 55 declaring a state of emergency in the
4 Philippines on account of lawless violence
following the Davao City bombing.
September Lav Diaz’s Ang Babaeng Humayo wins the Golden

10 Lion, in the 73rd Venice International Film Festival.
Janelle Frayna became the Philippines’ first

September female chess grandmaster after achieving her
11 third and final norm during Round 9 of the World
Chess Olympiad in Baku, Azerbaijan.
At the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de

Janeiro, Josephine Medina wins a bronze medal
at the women's individual – Class 8 tournament
September
for table tennis. It is the Philippines' second
12
Paralympic medal overall after Adeline Dumapong
won a bronze for powerlifting at the 2000 Summer
Paralympics in Sydney, 16 years prior.
October Typhoon Haima (Lawin). Typhoon signal number

19 5 raised for the first time.
October Miss Philippines Kylie Verzosa crowned Miss

27 International 2016.
November
Philippine Drug War: Death of Rolando Espinosa
5
November The controversial burial of Ferdinand Marcos at

18 the Heroes' Cemetery
November Inauguration of Drug Abuse Treatment and [28]

29 Rehabilitation Center in Nueva Ecija.
December 27 were injured after an improvised explosive
28 device (IED) explodes during a boxing fight in a
festival in Hilongos, Leyte.
2017 About a hundred armed men, whose affiliation is

January 4 undetermined, launched an attack on a prison in
Kidapawan freeing at least 158 inmates.
Death of Mohammad Jaafar Maguid, the leader of

January 5
Ansar Al-Khilafah Philippines.
Pres. Duterte signed an executive order

January
mandating universal access to modern family
11
planning tools.
Several parts of Visayas and Mindanao

January
experienced flooding as a result of a low pressure
17
area, combined with the tail-end of a cold front.
January Miss Universe 2016, its 65th pageant, was held in

30 Manila.
February A 6.7 magnitude earthquake hits Surigao del

10 Norte, killing at least 8 people.
A tourist bus carrying mostly college students

February crashes into a roadside electricity pole along a [155][157]
20 highway in Tanay, Rizal, killing at least 15 on
board.
Arrest of Leila de Lima for violations of Republic

February Act 9165, (Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act
24 of 2002) related to her alleged involvement in the
New Bilibid Prison drug trafficking scandal.
February Philippines' signing of the Paris Agreement on

28 Climate Change.
10 were killed after a series of clashes between

April 11 the AFP, PNP and Abu Sayyaf that took place in
Inabanga, Bohol.
April 18 A bus falls off a ravine in Carranglan, Nueva Ecija, [155][157]
killing at least 35 on board.
Pres. Rodrigo Duterte signed Executive Order No.

25, that renamed Benham Rise to Philippine Rise.
May 16
Pres. Rodrigo Duterte signed Executive Order No.
26, that ordered a nationwide smoking ban.
Pres. Duterte declares a 60-day martial law in

Mindanao (via Proclamation No. 216) following [31][159][160]
May 23
clashes between government forces and the
Maute group in Marawi City.
A gunman attacked Resorts World Manila in

Pasay around midnight, caused a major panic
June 2 within the complex. Around 38 people were dead,
due to smoke inhalation from the fire while
injuring 70 people.
Congress votes to extend martial law in Mindanao

July 22 until the end of 2017 as siege in Marawi City [159]
continues.
Sixteen people, including Mayor Reynaldo

July 30 Parojinog Sr. and his wife, are killed in a police
drug raid in Ozamiz, Misamis Occidental.
Abu Sayyaf leader Isnilon Hapilon and Maute

October [31][159]
group leader Omar Maute are killed by
16
government troops in an assault.
Pres. Duterte declares the liberation of Marawi

October [31][159]
City, with more than a thousand reportedly killed
17
in the battle.

Joseph Estrada is the first president to

be impeached by the House of
Representatives

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, the 14th


Location of Oakwood Premiere and the

Manila Peninsula Hotel in Makati.
These hotels had become the location
of the Magdalo mutiny of 2003 and
2007, respectively

Mountaineer Leo Oracion reached the

summit of Mount Everest via the
Nepalese side.
The site of the explosion in Glorietta.

MV Princess of the Stars which had

capsized on June 21, 2008 at the
height of Typhoon Frank.

Corazon Aquino was buried beside her

husband Ninoy at the Manila Memorial
Park after her death on August 1.

Benigno Aquino III, the 15th President

of the Philippines.
Territorial disputes in the South China

Sea

The bus of 2010 Manila hostage crisis

were 8 Hong-Kong tourist were killed.

Renato Corona is the first Chief Justice

to be impeached by the House of
Representatives.

Pedro Calungsod proclaimed as a

saint.

Megan Young: She won the Miss World

Philippines title and was later crowned
as Miss World 2013 in Bali, Indonesia.

The Zamboanga City Hall where the

MNLF intended to hoist the
Bangsamoro Republik flag in the
height of Zamboanga City crisis.

Basilica of the Holy Child in Cebu City,

Philippines after 2013 Bohol
earthquake.

Typhoon Haiyan also known as

Yolanda was the strongest typhoon in
the Philippines.

Bro. Eduardo Manalo, Executive

Minister of Iglesia ni Cristo.

Pia Wurtzbach: She won the Binibining

Pilipinas title and was later crowned as
Miss Universe 2015 in Las Vegas,
Nevada, USA.

Diwata-1 also known as PHL-

Microsat-1 is a Philippine
microsatellite launched to the
International Space Station (ISS) on
March 23, 2016 and was deployed into
orbit from the ISS on April 27, 2016. It
is the first Philippine microsatellite and
the first satellite built and designed by
Filipinos.

Rodrigo Duterte, the 16th President of

the Philippines.

The Permanent Court of Arbitration

ruled in favor of the Philippines against
China over territorial disputes in the
South China Sea.

Hidilyn Diaz is a Filipino weightlifter

and airwoman. won the silver medal in
the women's 53-kg weight division,
ending the Philippines' 20-year Olympic
medal drought.

Lav Diaz, the director of The Woman

Who Left who wins the Golden Lion.

The Heroes' Cemetery where the

remains of Ferdinand Marcos were
buried on November 18.

Leila de Lima, Senator of the

Philippines.

A building in Marawi is set ablaze by

air strikes carried out by the Philippine
Air Force.

Resorts World Manila immediately

following the shooting. The complex
was shrouded in smoke from fires
started by the suspect. Also picture is
Maxims Tower, where the attacker
committed suicide.
See also
Timeline of Manila
List of disasters in the Philippines
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Happened in Marawi" . Esquire
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Further reading
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Philippine
Isles" , Haydn's Dictionary of Dates
(25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
– via Hathi Trust
David Lea and Colette Milward, ed.
(2001). "Philippines" . Political
Chronology of South East Asia and
Oceania. Political Chronologies of
the World. Europa Publications.
pp. 157–175. ISBN 978-1-135-35659-
0.
Artemio R. Guillermo (2012).
"Chronology" . Historical Dictionary of
the Philippines. Maryland, USA:
Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-
7246-2.
External links
"Philippines Profile: Timeline
(updated)" . BBC News.
"Philippines: Timeline" . ABC News.
January 6, 2006.
"Timeline of Philippine History
(updated)" . Philippine History.
"Philippines History Timeline
Chronological Timetable of Events
(Parts 1 , 2 , 3 )" worldatlas.
"Timeline Philippines" . Timelines of
History.
"Important Dates in the Philippines" .
The Robinson Library.
"Chronological Table" . 1906.
"Sultanate History Timeline (1450-
1915) (Historical Timeline of the
Royal Sultanate of Sulu Including
Related Events of Neighboring
Peoples)" . Sulu Online Library.
"Filipino History" . On This Day.
"Philippines Events in History" .
BrainyHistory.
"Philippine History -- The Philippine
Centennial: Celebrating Historical
Events" . Filipino.biz.ph.
Detailed timeline
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Timeline of

This article needs additional citations for

This is a timeline of Philippine history,

500,000 The early humans in the Cagayan cave.

People belonging to the species Homo Erectus set foot on the

55,000 The first Homo Sapiens in the Philippines.

Early humans made stone tools in the Tabon Cave in

8,000 The ancestors in the other caves: Batangas, Bulacan and

20,000 Tabon Man made stone tools in the Tabon Cave.

4,500– Multiple Austronesian migrations from Taiwan. [2][3]

300 A jade culture is said to have existed as evidenced by tens of

Earliest evidence of rice growing, domesticating chickens and

3,000 Presumed date of the Angono Petroglyphs.

The Igorots built forts made of stone walls that averaged

Austronesian expansion map.

An example of Ling ling-0.

11th centuries BCE

c.1000 The Late Neolithic period in the Philippines, Evidence shows by

Mining in the Philippines began around 1000 BCE. The early

9th–10th centuries BCE

The beginning of Iron Age finds in Philippines also point to the

1st century BCE

The Sa Huyun culture, Evidence can be found in Manunggul Jar

The people of Palawan, Cordillera an Batanes become an

The Banaue Rice Terraces had been constructed by the Igorots

larger villages came about- usually based near water, which

300- The start of the Carabao or Water buffaloes domestication and

Pomponius Mela, Marinos of and the Periplus of the Erythraean

100 equivalent to the Indian Suvarnadvipa, the "Island of Gold."

Bubuls (household deities), figures for

The Philippines is believed by some historians to be the island of

Cebu had earlier encounter with the Greek traders in 21 AD.

Cebu had earlier encounter with the

Since at least the 3rd century, the indigenous peoples were in

The period of Three Kingdoms in China. The "Little, dark people"

Deer hunting natives.

Maharlika, A Tagalog royal couple.

A Kawal (warrior knight).

the Timawas (A free men) or a Middle

The development of inter-island and international trade, became

The Thalassocracies Converted to Hinduism and Buddhism and

The Greater India.

The spread of Hinduism.

The Chiefdoms of Zabag and Wak-Wak situated in present day

Numerous prosperous centers of trade had emerged, including

Flag of the Ryukyu Kingdom.

the Kawi script.

End of prehistory. Laguna Copperplate Inscription, the earliest

Buddhism and Hinduism along with the Animism become the

Around the feet of Mt.Kamhatik near Mulanay town in Quezon

The world in 900 AD and the location

Expansion of Buddhism, originated

The Laguna Copperplate Inscription

People from Central Vietnam called Orang Dampuan establish

The construction of Idjangs in Batanes Islands (mountain

The Orang Dampuan in Central

The Malay immigrants arrived In Palawan, most of their

1150 Gat Timamanukum become the Lakan of the Tondo Dynasty.