Deflection in Beams

Deflection in beams
1. 1. A Comparative Study of IS: 465, ACI- 318, AS:3600 and Euro code 2 -Deflections in
Beams Samirsinh P Parmar Asst. Prof. DD University, Nadiad Gujarat, INDIA Mail:
[email protected]
2. 2. Limit State of Serviceability - The sections obtained by the Limit State of Collapse are
smaller compared to the Working Stress Method - Therefore, they must be checked for the
width of cracks and the deflections - Important for the appearance, efficiency and durability
of the structure Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 2
3. 3. Relevant Clauses in IS456 - Clause 35.1.1 - It stipulates that the design should consider
all relevant limit states to ensure an adequate degree of safety and serviceability. - Clause
35.3.1 - Deals with the Limit State of Serviceability in Deflections - Clause 35.3.1 - Deals
with the Limit State of Serviceability in Cracks Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat,
India 3
4. 4. Short- and Long-term Deflections - Short-term deflection refers to the immediate
deflection after casting and application of partial or full service loads - Long-term deflection
occurs over a long period of time largely due to shrinkage and creep of the materials
Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 4
5. 5. Factors Affecting Short Term deflections: (a) magnitude and distribution of live loads, (b)
span and type of end supports, (c) cross-sectional area of the members, (d) amount of steel
reinforcement and the stress developed in the reinforcement, (e) characteristic strengths of
concrete and steel, and (f) amount and extent of cracking. Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU,
Nadiad, Gujarat, India 5
6. 6. Factors Affecting Long Term Deflections (a) humidity and temperature ranges during
curing, (b) age of concrete at the time of loading, and (c) type and size of aggregates, water-
cement ratio, amount of compression reinforcement, size of members etc., which influence
the creep and shrinkage of concrete. Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 6
7. 7. IS 456- Calculation of Short Term Deflection [Clause C-2 Annex C] The code
recommends the usual methods for elastic deflections using the short-term modulus of
elasticity of concrete Ec and effective moment of inertia Ieff given by the following
equation: Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 7
8. 8. IS 456- Deflections due to Shrinkage - k3 =0.5 for cantilevers, 0.125 for simply supported
members, 0.086 for members continuous at one end, and 0.063 for fully continuous
members; - ψcs is shrinkage curvature= k4εcs/D, εcs is the ultimate shrinkage strain of
concrete - εcs= 0.0003 in the absence of test data [clause 6.2.4.1 of IS 456 ] Samirsinh P
Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 8
9. 9. IS 456- Deflections due to Creep Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 9
10. 10. IS 456- Control of Deflections - Clause 23.2 of IS 456 stipulates the limiting deflections
under two heads as given below: - The maximum final deflection should not normally
exceed span/250 due to all loads including the effects of temperatures, creep and shrinkage
and measured from the as-cast level of the supports of floors, roof and all other horizontal
members. - The maximum deflection should not normally exceed the lesser of span/350 or
20 mm including the effects of temperature, creep and shrinkage occurring after erection of
partitions and the application of finishes. - It is essential that both the requirements are to be
fulfilled for every structure. Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 10
11. 11. ACI318-Calculation of Short Term Deflection [Clause 9.5.2.3] The code recommends
the usual methods for elastic deflections using the short-term modulus of elasticity of
concrete Ec and effective moment of inertia Ie given by the following equation (Code
provisions based on the “Branson Equation” ):
12. 12. ACI 318- Deflections due to Shrinkage and Creep [9.5.2.5] - The long term deflections
due to the shrinkage and creep shall be determined by multiplying the immediate deflection
caused by the sustained load, by the factor Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat,
India 12
13. 13. ACI 318- Deflections due to Shrinkage and Creep [9.5.2.5] Multipliers for long term
deflections Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 13
14. 14. ACI 318- Control of Deflections [Clause 9.5.2.6] Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad,
Gujarat, India 14
15. 15. AS 3600 and AS 5100- Code provisions for deflections Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU,
Nadiad, Gujarat, India 15
16. 16. Code provisions for deflections Eurocode 2 and CEB-FIP 1990 (MC 90) - Members
which are expected to crack should behave in a manner intermediate between the uncracked
and fully cracked conditions and, for members subjected mainly to flexure, an adequate
prediction of behaviour is given by Expression (7.18): Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad,
Gujarat, India 16
17. 17. Code provisions for deflections Eurocode 2 and CEB-FIP 1990 (MC 90) Samirsinh P
Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 17
18. 18. Code provisions for deflections Eurocode 2 and CEB-FIP 1990 (MC 90) - Shrinkage
curvatures may be assessed using Expression (7.21): Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad,
Gujarat, India 18
19. 19. Thank You Samirsinh P Parmar, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 19

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