DR. A.P.J.

ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

UTTAR PRADESH, LUCKNOW

Syllabus

3rd Year

[Effective from Session 2016-17]

1. B.Tech. Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering

2. B.Tech. Instrumentation & Control Engineering
3. B. Tech. Applied Electronics and Control Engineering
 Semester - V

No. Subject Name of the Subject Periods Evaluation Scheme Subject Credit
Code L T P Sessional Assessment ESE Total
CT TA Total
THEORY SUBJECTS
1 NEC-501R Integrated Circuits 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4

2 NIC-501 Control Systems -I 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4

3 NIC-502 Transducer and Sensors 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4

4 NEC-503 Microprocessors 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4

5 NCE-509 Fluid Mechanics 2 1 0 15 10 25 50 75 3

6 NHU-501 Engineering Economics 2 0 0 15 10 25 50 75 2

PRACTICAL/DESIGN/DRAWING

7 NEC-551R Integrated circuits Lab 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

8 NIC-551 Control Systems-I Lab 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

9 NIC-552 Transducer Lab 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

10 NEC-553 Microprocessors Lab 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

11 NGP-501 GP 50 50

TOTAL 16 5 8 1000 25

CT Class Test AT Attendance TA Tutorial Assignment

ESE End Semester Examination
L/T/P Lecture/ Tutorial/ Practical
 SEMESTER - VI

No. Subject Name of the Subject Periods Evaluation Scheme Subject Credit
Code L T P Sessional Assessment ESE Total
CT TA Total
THEORY SUBJECTS
1 NIC-601R Microcontrollers for 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4
Embedded Systems

2 NIC-602 Industrial Instrumentation 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4

3 NEC-609 Communication Engineering 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4

4 Departmental Elective-I 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150 4

5 Departmental Elective-II 2 1 0 15 10 25 50 75 3

6 NHU-601 Industrial Management 2 0 0 15 10 25 50 75 2

PRACTICAL/DESIGN/DRAWING

7 NIC-651R Microcontrollers for 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

Embedded Systems Lab
8 NEC-652 Instrumentation Lab 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

9 NEC-659 Communication Lab 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

10 NIC-654 Seminar 0 0 2 10 10 20 30 50 1

11 NGP-601 GP 50 50

TOTAL 16 5 8 1000 25

Departmental Elective-I

NEC – 011 Digital Signal Processing

NEC – 012 Computer Architecture and Organization
NEC – 601 Microwave Engineering
NIC – 011 Electrical Machines

Departmental Elective-II

NIC – 021 Opto-Electronics

NIC – 022 Intelligent Instrumentation
NEC – 021 Industrial Electronics
NEC – 023 Analog Signal Processing
 NEC 501R Integrated Circuits
Unit Topic Lect.

Analog Integrated circuit Design: an overview: Current 10

Mirrors using BJT and MOSFETs, Simple current Mirror, Base
I current compensated current Mirror, Wilson and Improved Wilson
Current Mirrors, Widlar Current source and Cascode current Mirror
The 741 IC Op-Amp: Bias circuit, short circuit protection circuitry, the
input stage, the second stage, the output stage, and device parameters; DC
Analysis of 741: Small Signal Analysis of input stage, the second stage, the
output stage; Gain, Frequency Response of 741; a Simplified Model, Slew
Rate, Relationship Between ft and SR

Linear Applications of IC op-amps: An Overview of Op-Amp (ideal and 8

II non-ideal) based Circuits V-I and I-V converters, generalized Impedance
converter, simulation of inductors
Filters: First and second order LP, HP, BP BS and All pass active filters,
KHN.
Digital Integrated Circuit Design-An Overview: CMOS Logic 8
III Gate Circuits: Basic Structure CMOS realization of Inverters, AND, OR,
NAND and NOR Gates
Latches and Flip flops: The Latch, The SR Flip-flop, CMOS
Implementation of SR Flip- flops, A Simpler CMOS Implementation of the
Clocked SR Flip-flop, D Flip-flop Circuits.
Non-Linear applications of IC Op-amps: Log–Anti Log Amplifiers, 7
IV Precision Rectifiers, Peak Detectors, Simple and Hold Circuits, Analog
Multipliers and their applications. Op- amp as a comparator, Zero
crossing detector, Schmitt Trigger, Astable multi vibrator, Mono stable
multi vibrator, Generation of Triangular Waveforms

D/A and A/D converters 7

V Integrated Circuit Timer: The 555 Circuit, Implementing a
Monostable Multivibrator Using the 555 IC, Astable Multi vibrator Using the
555 IC.
Phase locked loops (PLL): Ex-OR Gates and multipliers as phase detectors,
Block Diagram of IC PLL, Working of PLL and Applications of PLL.

Text Books:

1. Sedra and Smith, ―Microelectronic Circuits‖, 6thEdition, Oxford University Press.

nd
2. Michael Jacob, ―Applications and Design with Analog Integrated Circuits‖, PHI, 2
Edition.

Reference Books:

1. Jacob Millman and Arvin Grabel, ―Microelectronics‖, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Behzad Razavi, ―Fundamentals of Microelectronics‖, 2nd Edition, Wiley.
3. Mark N. Horenstein, ―Microelectronic Circuits and Devices‖, PHI.
4. Paul R. Gray, Paul J. Hurst, Stephen H. Lewis and Robert G. Meyer, ―Analysis and Design
of Analog Integrated Circuits‖, Wiley.
5. Data Sheet: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tl082.pdf
 6. Application Note: http://www.ti.com/lit/an/sloa020a/sloa020a.pdf
7. MPY634 Data Sheet: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/mpy634.pdf
8. Application Note: http://www.ti.com/lit/an/sbfa006/sbfa006.pdf
9. ASLK Pro Manual: ASLK Manual

NIC-501 CONTROLSYSTEM-I
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Introduction: Basic Components of a control system, Feedback and its 8

effect, types of feedback control systems. Block diagrams Reduction and
signal flow graphs, Modeling of Physical systems

2 State-Variable Analysis: Introduction, Vector matrix 8

representation of State equation, State Transition Matrix,
State-Transition Equation, Relationship between State Equations and
Higher-order Differential Equations, Relationship between State
Equations and Transfer Functions. Similarity Transformation,
Decomposition of transfer functions, Controllability and observability.

3 Time domain Analysis of Control Systems: Time response of 8

continuous data systems, typical test signals for the time response of
control systems, the unit step response and time- domain specifications,
Steady-State error, Time response of a First order system, Transient
response of a Prototype second order system
4 Stability of Linear Control Systems: Introduction, Bounded- Input 8
Bounded-output Stability Continuous Data Systems, Zero-input and
asymptotic stability of continuous data systems, Methods of determining
stability, RH criterion. Root-Locus Technique: Introduction, Properties
of the Root Loci, Design aspects of the Root Loci
5 Frequency Domain Analysis: Introduction: Mrωr and Bandwidth of the 8
Prototype Second Order System, Effects of Adding a zero to the Forward
path, Effects of Adding a pole to the Forward Path, Nyquist Stability
criterion, Relative Stability: Gain Margin and Phase Margin, Stability
Analysis with the Bode Plot.

Text Book:

1. B.C. Kuo & Farid Golnaraghi, "Automatic Control Systems", 8th Edition, John Wiley India
Publication.

Reference Books:

1. William A. Wolovich, "Automatic Control Systems", Oxford University Press.

2. Joseph J. Distefano III, Allen R. Stubberud, Ivan J. Williams,"Feedback and Control
Systems" Schaums Outlines Series, Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
.
3. I. J. Nagrath& M. Gopal, "Control System Engineering", New Age International Publishers.
 NIC-502 TRANSDUCERS AND SENSORS
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Generalized configurations, functional description 8

& performance characteristics of measuring instruments:
Functional elements of an instrument; active &passive transducers;
analog & digital modes of operation; null & deflection methods; I/O
configuration of measuring instruments &instrument system-methods of
correction for interfering &modifying inputs. Generalized performance
characteristics of Instruments: Static characteristics and static calibration-
Meaning of static calibration, measured value versus true value, Some
basic statistics least square calibration curves, calibration accuracy
versus installed accuracy, Combination of component errors in overall
system accuracy calculations, static sensitivity, linearity, threshold, noise
floor, resolution, hysteresis and dead space. Scale readability. Span,
Generalized static stiffness & input impedance.

2 Motion and Dimensional measurement: Fundamental standards, 8

relative displacements- translational and rotational, Calibration, Resistive
potentiometers, differential transformers, variable inductance &
variable reluctance pickups, capacitance pickup, Digital displacement
transducers, Mechanical fly ball angular velocity sensor, Mechanical
revolution counters and timers, tachometer encoder methods,
stroboscopic method, translational velocity transducer, eddy current
Drag-cup tachometer, velocity sensors.

3 Force, Torque, Shaft power: Standards & calibration; basic 8

methods of force measurement; characteristics of elastic force
transducer-Bonded strain gauge, differential transformer, Piezo
electric transducer, variable reluctance/FM-oscillator, digital systems.
Loading effects; Torque measurement on rotating shafts, shaft power
measurement (dynamometers).

4 Flow measurement: Local flow velocity, magnitude 8

and direction. Flow Visualization. Velocity magnitude from pilot
static tube. Velocity direction from yaw tube, dynamic wind vector
indicator. Hot-film shock-tube velocity sensor. Laser Doppler
anemo-meter; gross volume flow rate: calibration and standards.
Constant-area, variable-pressure-drop meters (obstruction meters).
Averaging pitot tubes. Constant pressure drop, variable area meters
(Rota meters), turbine meters, positive displacement meters.
Measurement of Liquid Level: inductive method, capacitive method,
ultrasonic method, using gamma rays, using float.
 5 Temperature measurement: Standards & calibration; thermal 8
expansion methods-bimetallic thermometers, liquid-in-glass
thermometers, pressure thermometers; RTD, termister and
thermocouple (comparative study); digital thermometers. Radiation
Methods - radiation fundamentals, radiation detectors: thermal
and photon, monochromatic brightness radiation thermometers,
two color radiation thermometers, black body tipped fiber optic
radiation thermometer, Fluor optic temperature measurement, infrared
imaging systems.

Text Book:

1. 1. E. O. Doebelin and D.N. Manik,"Measurement systems application and design‖, Tata

McGraw Hill Publication.

Reference Book:

1. Arun K Ghosh, "Introduction to Transducers", PHI Publication.

2. Bela G. Liptak, "Process Measurement and Analysis, Vol. 1", CRC Press Publication.
 NEC 503 MICROPROCESSORS
Unit Topic Lectures

1. Evolution of microprocessors, Microprocessor architecture and its 8

operations, 8085 pins description, programming model, basic interfacing
concepts, input and output devices, logic devices and memory
interfacing, addressing modes, Concept of instruction cycle, machine
cycle and T-states, Concept of interrupts, Classification of 8085
instructions.

2. 8086 architecture-functional diagram, register organization, memory 8

segmentation, programming model, memory address, physical memory
organization, pins description, clock generator 8284A, maximum mode
and minimum mode signal descriptions, timing diagrams, introduction to
DOS and BIOS interrupts.

3. Instruction formats, addressing modes, classification of instruction set, 8

assembler directives (debug, TASM & MASM), macros, Programs
techniques and assembly language programs: simple programs involves
data transfer operation, arithmetic operation, logical operation, branch
operation, machine control operation, string manipulations, stack and
subroutine operations.

4. 8255 Programmable peripheral interfacing various mode of operation to 8

8086, interfacing keyboard and seven segment display, stepper motor
interfacing, D/A and A/D converter, 8254 (8253) programmable interval
timer, Direct Memory Access and 8237 DMA controller.

5. Memory interfacing to 8086. Interrupt structure of 8086, interrupt 8

handling, vector interrupt table and interrupt Service routine. Interfacing
interrupt controller 8259 and DMA Controller 8257 to 8086. Serial
communication standards, Serial data transfer schemes.

Text Book:

1. Ramesh Gaonkar, "Microprocessor architecture, programming and applications with the 8085",
Penram International Publication (India) Pvt. Ltd.
2. Douglas V. Hall, "Microprocessors and Interfacing", Tata McGraw Hill Publication.

Reference Books:
1. Sivarama P. Dandamudi,"Introduction to Assembly Language Programing From 8086
to Pentium Processors", Springer Publication.
2. Walter A. Triebel and Avtar Singh, "The 8088 and 8086 Microprocessors: Programming,
Interfacing Software, Hardware and Applications", Pearson Publication.
3. A. K. Ray and K. M. Bhurchandi,"Advance microprocessors and Peripherals", Tata McGraw
Hill Publication.
4. Lyla B. Das, "The X86 Microprocessors, Architecture, Programming and Interfacing (8086 to
Pentium)", Pearson Publication.
 NCE-509 FLUID MECHANICS
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Introduction: Fluids and continuum: Physical properties of fluids, ideal and 8

rearfluids, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, measurement of surface
tension. Kinematics of Fluid Flow: Steady and unsteady, uniform
and non-uniform, laminar and turbulent flows, one, two and three
dimensional flows, streamlines, streak lines and path lines,
continuity equation, rotation and circulation, elementary explanation
of stream function and velocity potential, graphical and experimental
methods of drawing flow nets.

2 Fluid statics: Pressure-density-height relationship, manometers, pressure 8

on plane and curved surfaces, centre of pressure, buoyancy, stability of
immersed and floating bodies. Dynamics of Fluid flow: Euler's
equation of motion along a streamline and its integration, Bernoulli's
equation and its applications- Pitot tube, flow through orifices,
mouthpieces, nozzles, notches, free and forced vortex.

3 Laminar and Turbulent Flow: Equation of motion for laminar flow 8

through pipes, Stoke's law, flow between parallel plates, flow through
porous media, fluidization, measurement of viscosity, transition from
laminar to turbulent low, turbulent flow, equation for turbulent flow,
eddy viscosity, mixing length concept and velocity distribution in
turbulent flow, Hot-wire anemometer and LDA.

4 Dimensional Analysis and Hydraulic Similitude: Dimensional 8

analysis, Buckingham's theorem, important dimensionless
numbers and their significance, geometric, Kinematic and dynamic
similarity, model studies. Pipe Flow: Nature of turbulent flow in pipes,
equation for velocity distribution Over smooth and rough surfaces,
resistance coefficient and its variation, flow in sudden expansion,
contraction, diffusers, bends, valves and siphons, concept of Equivalent
length, branched pipes, pipes in series and parallel, simple networks.
Compressibility Effects in pipe flow

Text Books:

1. Som and Biswas, "Introduction to fluid mechanics and machines", Tata McGraw Hill
Publication.
2. S.K.Agrawal, "Fluid mechanics and machinery", Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
 LABORATORY
NEC- 551R INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LAB

Objective: - To design and implement the circuits to gain knowledge on performance of the
circuit and its application. These circuits should also be simulated on Pspice and
implemented using TL082, LM741, NE555, ASLK, MPY634 KP connecting
wires, Power Supply, function generator and oscilloscope.
1. Design and test a function generator that can generate square wave and triangular wave
output for a given frequency and cascade a multiplier MPY634KP in feedback loop to
form VCO
2. Voltage to current and current to voltage convertors.
3. Second order filters using operational amplifier in universal active filter topology for –
a. Low pass filter of specified cutoff frequency
b. High pass filter of specified
frequency
c. Band pass filter with unit gain of specified pass band
d. Design a notch filter to eliminate 50Hz power line frequency
4. Wien bridge oscillator using operational amplifier.
5. Astable and monostable multivibrator using IC 555.
6. Design the following amplifiers:
a. A unity gain amplifier
b. A non-inverting amplifier with a gain of ‘A‘
c. An inverting amplifier with a gain of ‗A‘
d. Log and antilog amplifiers.
e. Voltage comparator and zero crossing detectors.
7. Design and test a PLL to get locked to a given frequency ‗f‘. Measure the locking range
of the system and also measure the change in phase of the output signal as input
frequency is varied within the lock range.
8. Design and test the integrator for a given time constant.
9. Design and test a high-Q Band pass self-tuned filter for a given center frequency.
10. Design and test an AGC system for a given peak amplitude of sine-wave output.
11. Design and test a Low Dropout regulator using op-amps for a given voltage regulation
characteristic and compare the characteristics with TPS7250IC.
12. Design of a switched mode power supply that can provide a regulated output voltage for
a given input range using the TPS40200 IC.

Note: All listed experiments are compulsory. In addition to it, the Institutes may include more
experiments based on the expertise.

NIC-551 CONTROL SYSTEM-I LAB

1. Different Toolboxes in MATLAB, Introduction to Control Systems Toolbox.

2. Determine transpose, inverse values of given matrix.
3. Plot the pole-zero configuration in s-plane for the given transfer function.
4. Determine the transfer function for given closed loop system in block diagram representation.
5. Plot unit step response of given transfer function and find peak overshoot, peak time.
6. Plot unit step response and to find rise time and delay time.

7. Plot locus of given transfer function, locate closed loop poles for different values of k.
8. Plot root locus of given transfer function and to find out S, Wd, Want given root & to discuss
stability.
9. Plot Bode plot of given transfer function.
10. Plot Bode plot of given transfer function and find gain and phase margins
11. Plot Nyquist plot for given transfer function and to compare their relative stability
12. Plot the Nyquist plot for given transfer function and to discuss closed loop stability, gain and phase
margin.
Note:-In addition to it, the Institutes may include more experiments based on the expertise.

NIC-552 TRANSDUCER LAB

1. Characteristics of resistance transducer

(i) Potentiometer
(ii) Strain Gauge
2. Characteristics of LVDT.
3. Characteristics of capacitive transducer
(i) Variable area
(ii) Variable distance.

4. Characteristics of Thermistors
5. Characteristics of RTD.
6. Characteristics of Thermocouples
7. Characteristics of LDR, Photo Diode, and Phototransistor:
(i) Variable Illumination.
(ii) Linear Displacement.
8. Measurement of resistance by Wheatstone bridge and measurement of bridge sensitivity.
9. Measurement of Capacitance by De'Sautys and Schering Bridge.
10. Measure of low resistance by Kelvin's double bridge.
11. Characteristics of diaphragm type pressure transducer.
12. Characteristics of one Solid State sensor/ Fiber optic sensor.

NEC-553 MICROPROCESSORS LAB

1. Write a program using 8085/ 8086 Microprocessor for Decimal, Hexadecimal addition and
subtraction of two Numbers.
2. Write a program using 8085/ 8086 Microprocessor for addition and subtraction of two
BCD numbers.
3. To perform multiplication and division of two 8 bit numbers using 8085/ 8086.
4. To find the largest and smallest number in an array of data using 8085/8086
instruction set.
5. To write a program to arrange an array of data in ascending and descending order using
8085/ 8086.
6. To convert given Hexadecimal number into its equivalent ASCII number and vice versa
using 8085/ 8086 instruction set.
7. To write a program to initiate 8251 and to check the transmission and reception of
character.
8. To interface 8253 programmable interval timer to 8085/ 8086 and verify the operation
of 8253 in six different modes.
9. To interface DAC with 8085/ 8086 to demonstrate the generation of square, saw tooth
and triangular wave.
10.Serial communication between two 8085/8086 through RS-232 C port.
Note:-In addition, Institutes may include two more experiments based on the expertise.
 Syllabus of Sixth Semester

NIC 601R Microcontrollers for Embedded Systems

Lectures
Unit Topic

Introduction , Microcontrollers and Embedded systems, Overview of the 8051, 6

I Inside the 8051, Addressing modes, assembly programming, 8051 data types and
directives, Interfacing with 8051, Programming the 8051 timers.

MSP430x5x series block diagram, address space, on-chip peripherals (analog and
II digital), and Register sets. Instruction set, instruction formats, and various 8
addressing modes of 16-bit microcontroller; Sample embedded system on MSP430
microcontroller. Memory Mapped Peripherals, programming System registers, I/O
pin multiplexing, pull up/down registers, GPIO control. Interrupts and interrupt
programming.

Watch dog timer, system clocks, Timer & Real Time Clock (RTC), PWM control, 10
III timing generation and measurements. Analog interfacing and data acquisition:
ADC and Comparator in MSP430, data transfer using DMA.

Serial communication basics, Synchronous/Asynchronous interfaces (like UART, 10

IV USB, SPI, and I2C). UART protocol, I2C protocol, SPI protocol. Implementing and
programming UART, I2C, SPI interface using MSP430, Interfacing external
devices.

Internet of Things (IoT) overview and architecture, Overview of wireless sensor 6

V networks and design examples. Various wireless connectivity: NFC, ZigBee,
Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, Wi-Fi. Adding Wi-Fi capability to the
Microcontroller, Embedded Wi-Fi, User APIs for Wireless and Networking
applications, Building IoT applications using CC3100 user API for connecting
sensors.

Text Book:

1. Mazidi Ali Muhammad, Mazidi Gillispie Janice, and Mc Kinlay Rolin D ― The 8051 Microcontroller
and Embedded Systems using Assembly and C‖, Pearson Publication.
2. John H Davies, ―MSP430 Microcontroller Basics‖ Newnes Publication.

Reference Book:
1. TI MSP430x5xx and MSP430x6xx Family User's Guide.
 NIC-602 INDUSTRIALINSTRUMENTATION
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Introduction to industrial symbols and standards, classification of industry 8

and type of measurement required; detectors, probe analyzers,
actuators-principles and applications. Measurement of weight- Load cell
method, strain gauge, LVDT; piezoelectric, pneumatic and hydraulic
load cell, null balance method.

2 Temperature measurements: Standards and calibration, thermal expansion 8

methods, bimetallic thermometer, thermocouple, reference junction
considerations, special materials, configuration & techniques,
Measurement of thermocouple output, electrical resistance sensors -
conductive sensor (resistance thermometers), bulk semiconductor
sensors thermistors), Radiation thermometers, automatic null balance
radiation thermometers. Optical pyrometers.
3 Units of pressure and vacuum: dead weight gauges & manometer 8
dynamics; Different type of manometers, diaphragm gauges bellows and
force balance type sensors, Boudern gauge, Piezoelectric, Capacitive and
Inductive Pressure pickups. Vacuum pressure measurements: Meleod
gauge, Pirani gauge, thermocouple gauge, Knudsen gauge Ionization
gauge
4 Differential pressure flow meters: Bernoulli's theorem: pituttube, orifice, 8
vanturi, flow nozzle, Hot wire and hot film anemometers, variable area
meters (rotameter), turbine meters, Electromagnetic flow meters,
Ultrasonic flow meters. Drag force flow meters, vortex shedding flow
meters. Measurement of level, Float type gauge, purge
method, differential pressure method, conductive and capacitive
method; electromechanical method

5 Measurement of Moisture, Thermal Dying Method, Distillation 8

Method, Chemical Reaction Method, Electrical Method.
Measurement of viscosity, definition of absolute and kinematic
viscosity, industrial viscosity meter.

Text Book:

1. E. O. Doebelin, "Measurements systems: Applications and Design", McGraw Hill

Publication.
2. D. P. Eckman, "Industrial Instrumentation", Wiley Publication.

Reference Book:

1. T. G. Beckwith, R. D. Maragoni and J. H. Lienhard, "Mechanical Measurements", Pearson

Publication.
2. B. C. Nakra and K. K. Chaudhry, "Instrumentation: Measurements & Analysis" Tata
McGraw Hill Publication.
 NEC-609 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Introduction: 8
The Communication Process, Modulation Process, The Layered
Approach, Example of communication Amplitude Modulation:
Introduction, Amplitude modulation, Double Sideband-Suppressed
Carrier modulation, Quadrature-Carrier Multiplexing, Single-Sideband
and Vestigial-Sideband Methods of modulation, Frequency Translation,
Frequency- Division Multiplexing

2 Phase and Frequency Modulation: 8

Introduction, Basic Definitions, Frequency Modulation Phase
Modulation, Phase-Locked Loop, Nonlinear Effects in FM Systems,
The Super-heterodyne Receiver,

3 Noise in Analog Modulation: 8

Introduction, white noise ,power spectral densities, Noise inDSB-SC
Receivers, Noise in AM receivers, Noise in FM Receivers, Pre-emphasis
and De-emphasis in FM
Digital Representation of Analog Signals:
Introduction, Digitization of Analog Sources, The Sampling Process, The
Quantization Process, Pulse-Amplitude Modulation, Pulse-Position
Modulation, Pulse-Code Modulation, Delta Modulation, Time-Division
Multiplexing,

4 Baseband Transmission of digital Signals: 8

Introduction, Baseband Pulses and matched Filter Detection, Probability
Of Error Due to Noise, Inter symbol Interference, Eye Pattern, Nyquist
Criterion for Distortion less Transmission, Baseband M-ary PAM
Transmission, Tapped Delay Line Equalization

5 Band-Pass Transmission of Digital Signals: 8

Introduction, band-Pass Transmission Model, Transmission Binary
ASK ,PSK and FSK, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
(OFDM) .
Information and Forward Error Correction:
Introduction, Uncertainty, Information and Entropy, Information rate,
Channel capacity, Source-Coding Theorem, Lossless Data Compression

Text Book:
1. Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, "Communication Systems", Wiley India Publication.
2. Herbert Taub and Donald L. Schilling, "Principles of Communication Systems", Tata
McGraw Hill Publication.
Reference Book
1. B.P. Lathi & Zhi Ding, "Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems",
International Oxford University Press.
2. R.P. Singh and Sapre, "Communication Systems: Analog and Digital",McGraw Hill
Publication.
3. H.P.HSU & D.Mitra,"Analog and Digital communication", Tata McGraw Hill
Publication.
 LABORATORY

NIC 651R Microcontrollers for Embedded Systems Lab

1. Write a program of Flashing LED connected to port 1 of the 8051 Micro Controller
2. Write a program to generate 10 kHz square wave using 8051.
3. Write a program to show the use of INT0 and INT1 of 8051.
4. Write a program for temperature & to display on intelligent LCD display.
5. Write a program to generate a Ramp waveform using DAC with micro controller.
6. Write a program to Interface GPIO ports in C using MSP430 (blinking LEDs , push buttons)
7. Write a program Interface potentiometer with GPIO.
8. Write a program of PWM based Speed Control of Motor controlled by potentiometer connected
to GPIO.
9. Write a program of PWM generation using Timer on MSP430 GPIO.
10. Write a program to Interface an accelerometer.
11. Write a program using USB (Sending data back and forth across a bulk transfer-mode USB
connection.)
12. Write a program for Master Slave Communication between 2 MSP430s using SPI
13. Write a program of basic Wi-Fi application – Communication between two MSP430 based
sensor nodes.
14. Setting up the CC3100 as a HTTP server.
15. Review of User APIs for TI CC3100 & Initialization and Setting of IP addresses.

Note: All listed experiments are compulsory. In addition to it, the Institutes may include more
experiments based on the expertise.

NIC-652 INSTRUMENTATION LAB

1. Instrumentation Amplifier: Design for specific gain and verification of CMRR.

2. Realization of PCM signal using ADC and reconstruction using DAC using 4-bit/ 8 bit systems.
Observe the Quantization noise in each case.
3. Study of Storage Oscilloscope & Transient response of RLC.
4. Convert a given AC Analog signal into digital using S/H & ADC and recover the analog signal using
DAC IC.
5. Study of Characteristics of a Strain Gauge.
6. Construction of chopper amplifier.
7. Study of low noise and low frequency amplifier for biomedical application.
8. Study of Piezoelectric transducer.
9. Study of Capacitive and Inductive Pressure pickups.
Note:-In addition to it, the Institutes may include more experiments based on the expertise.

NEC-659 COMMUNICATION LAB

1. With the help of Fourier series,
i. To construct a triangular wave with the help of Fundamental Frequency and its
Harmonic component,
ii. To construct a Square wave with the help of Fundamental Frequency and its Harmonic
component.
2. Amplitude Modulation & Demodulation
i. To generate amplitude modulated wave and determine the percentage modulation,
ii.To demodulate the modulated wave using envelope detector.
3. To study DSB-SC and SSB modulation & determine power in side bands.
4. Frequency Modulation & Demodulation
 i. To study frequency modulation and determine its modulation
factor
ii. To demodulate a Frequency Modulated signal using FM
detector
5. To study Pulse Amplitude Modulation, Pulse Width Modulation and Pulse Position Modulation.
6. To study and verify the sampling theorem and reconstruction of sampled wave form.
7. Study of Pulse code modulation (PCM) and its demodulation.
8. To verify the operation of Time Division Multiplexing.
9. To study of Amplitude shift keying modulator and demodulator.
10. To study of Frequency shift keying modulator and demodulator.
11. To study of Phase shift keying modulator and demodulator
12. Design and implement a Transmitter and receiver for the corresponding modulation system.
 NEC 011 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Realization of Digital Systems: Introduction, direct form realization of 8

IIR systems, cascade realization of an IIR systems, parallel form
realization of an IIR systems, Ladder structures: continued fraction
expansion of H(z), realization of a ladder structure with example.

2 Design of Infinite Impulse Response Digital Filters: Introduction to All 8

Pole Analog Filter, Butterworth and Chebyshev, Design of Digital
Butterworth and Chebyshev Filters

3 Finite Impulse Response Filter Design: Designof FIR filters by 8

Windowing and other commonly used Windowing Techniques, Examples
of Filter Designs Using Windows ,The Kaiser Window

4 Discrete Fourier Transforms: Definitions, Properties of the DFT, 8

Circular Convolution and Its Methodology, Linear Convolution,
Examples of Circular Convolution and Linear Convolution.

5 Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms: Introduction, Decimation -In 8

Time(DIT) Algorithm, Computational Efficiency, Decimation in
Frequency(DIF) Algorithm, Composite-Radix FFT

Text Book:

1. John G Prokias, Dimitris G Manolakis, "Digital Signal Processing", Pearson Education

Publication.
2. Oppenheim & Schafer, "Digital Signal Processing" PHI Publication.
Reference Book:
1. Johnny R. Johnson, "Digital Signal Processing", PHI Publication.
 NEC 012 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND ORGANIZATION
Unit Topic Lectures

1. Introduction to Design Methodology: System Design - System 8

representation, Design Process, the gate level (revision), the register level
components and PLD (revision), register level design The Processor Level:
Processor level components, Processor level design.

2. Processor basics: CPU organization- Fundamentals, Additional features 8

Data Representation - Basic formats, Fixed point numbers, Floating point
numbers. Instruction sets - Formats, Types, Programming considerations.

3. Datapath Design: Fixed point arithmetic - Addition and subtraction, 8

Multiplication and Division, Floating point arithmetic, pipelining.

4. Control Design: basic concepts - introduction, hardwired control, Micro 8

programmed control - introduction, multiplier control unit, CPU control
unit, Pipeline control-instruction pipelines, pipeline performance.

5. Memory organization: Multi level memories, Address translation, 8

Memory allocation, Caches - Main features, Address mapping, structure
vs performance, System Organisation: Communication methods- basic
concepts, bus control. Introduction to VHDL.

Text Books:

1. John P Hayes "Computer Architecture and Organisation", McGraw

Hill Publication.

Reference Books:

1. M Morris Mano, "Computer System Architecture", Pearson Publication.

2. Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic and Safwat Zaky, "Computer Organization and
Embedded Systems", McGraw Hill Publication.
3. David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy," Computer Organization and Design:
The Hardware/Software Interface", Elsevier Publication.
 NEC-601 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Rectangular Wave Guide: Field Components, TE, TM Modes, Dominant 8

TE10 mode, Field Distribution, Power, Attenuation. Circular
Waveguides: TE, TM modes. Wave V e l o c i t i e s , M i c r o s t r i p
T r a n s m i s s i o n l i n e ( T L ) , C o u p l e d T L , Strip TL, Coupled Strip
Line, Coplanar TL, Microwave Cavities.

2 Scattering Matrix, Passive microwave devices: Microwave Hybrid 8

Circuits, Terminations, Attenuators, Phase Shifters, Directional Couplers:
Two Hole directional couplers, S Matrix of a
Directional coupler, Hybrid Couplers, Microwave Propagation in ferrites,
Faraday Rotation, Isolators, Circulators. Sparameter analysis of all
components.

3 Microwave Tubes: Limitation of Conventional Active Devices at 8

Microwave frequency, Two Cavity Klystron, Reflex Klystron,
Magnetron, Traveling Wave Tube,
Backward Wave Oscillators: Their Schematic, Principle of Operation,
Performance Characteristic and their applications.
4 Solid state amplifiers and oscillators: Microwave Bipolar Transistor, 8
Microwave tunnel diode, Microwave Field-effect Transistor,
Transferred electron devices, Avalanche Transit -time devices: IMP ATT
Diode, TRAPPAT Diode.

5 Microwave Measurements: General setup of a microwave test bench, 8

Slotted line carriage, VSWR Meter, microwave power measurements
techniques, Crystal Detector, frequency measurement, wavelength
measurements, Impedance and Refection coefficient, VSWR, Insertion
and attenuation loss measurements, measurement of antenna
characteristics, microwave link design.

Text Book:

1. Samuel Y. Liao, "Microwave Devices and Circuits", Pearson Publication.

2. A. Das and S.K. Das ," Microwave Engineering", 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill
Publication.
Reference Book:
1. R.E Collin, "Foundation for Microwave Engineering", John Wiley India Publication.
 Unit NIC-011 ELECTRICAL MACHINES Lectures

1 Basic concept of rotating machines: Elementary machines - synchronous 8

machines, dc machine, generated emf, rotating magnetic field, torque in
round rotor machines. Operations of Basic Machine types - synchronous,
asynchronous, ac machines, dc machines, matching characteristics of
electric machines and load.

2 DC Machine: Introduction, emf equation, torque equation, power 8

balance, linear magnetization, circuit model, generating mode, motoring
mode, armature reaction, compensating winding, commutation, method of
excitation, characteristics of dc shunt, series and compound motors and
generators. Starting of dc motor, speed control of dc motor, breaking of dc
motor.

J Synchronous machines: Introduction of basic synchronous machine 8

model, circuit model of synchronous machine, determination of armature
reaction ampere turn and leakage reactance of synchronous machine,
synchronizing to infinite bus bar, operating characteristics, power flow
equations, parallel operation of synchronous generators, hunting in
synchronous machines.
4 Induction Motor: Introduction, construction, flux and mmf phasor in 8
induction motors, slip and frequency of rotor currents, rotor emf, power,
induction motor phasor diagram, torque slip characteristics,
determination of equivalent circuit parameters, circle diagram, starting
of induction motor, speed control

5 Single Phase Motors: Introduction, types of single phase motor, single 8

phase induction motor, split phase motors, single phase commutator
motor, single phase synchronous motor, stepper motor.

Text Book:

1. DP Kothari & I J Nagrath, "Electric Machines", Tata McGraw Hill Publication.

Reference Book:

1. Fitzgerald, C. Kingsley and S.Umans , "Electric Machinery", Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
 NIC-021 OPTO ELECTRONICS
Unit Topic No. of
Lectures
1 Introduction to Optical waveguide, Photo sources and detectors: Optical 8
waveguide modes-Theory of
Dielectric slab waveguides-Symmetric and Asymmetric slab waveguide,
Channel waveguide Light emitting diode (LED),materials, constructions,
Drive circuitry, Fundamentals of lasers and its applications

2 Electro Optic Effects: Birefringence phenomenon EO Retardation, EO 8

Amplitude and Phase Modulator, Electro optic Intensity Modulators, Beam
deflection, Acousto-optics, A-O Modulators, Integrated optic spectrum
analyzer.

J Optical Fiber Sensors: Multimode fiber Sensors-Displacement, 8

pressure, stress, strain. Intensity modulated sensors, Active multimode FO
sensors, Micro-bend optical fiber sensor, Current sensors, Magnetic sensors,
Single mode FO sensors, Phase modulated, Polarization modulated, Fibre
Optic Gyroscope.

4 Optical Computing: Analog arithmetic operation- addition/subtraction, 10

multiplication, division, averaging, differentiation and integration. Digital
logic: modified s i g n e d d i g i t n u m b e r s ys t e m , r e s i d u e n u m b e r
s ys t e m , l o g a r i t h m i c number system. Arithmetic operations: MSD,
residue, signed logarithmic arithmetic, threshold logic, threshold devices,
spatial light modulators.

Text Book:

1. J. Wilson and J. Hawkes," Optoelectronics- An Introduction‖, PHI Publication.

2. M.A.Karim,"Optical Computing-An Introduction", Wiley India Publication.

Reference Book:

2. A.Yariv,P.Yeh,"Photonics", Oxford University Press.

Emmanuel Rosencher and BorgeVinter, "Optoelectronics", Cambridge
University Press.
 NIC-022 INTELLIGENT INSTRUMENTATION
Unit Topic No. of
Lectures
1 Introduction: Introduction to intelligent instrumentation, Historical 4
Perspective, Current status, software based instruments.

2 Virtual Instrumentation :Introduction to graphical programming, data Book 2

flow & graphical programming techniques, advantage of VI techniques, Vis 12
and sub VIs loops and charts, arrays, clusters and graphs, case and sequence
structure, formula nodes,string and file I/O, Code Interface Nodes and DLL
links.

3 Data Acquisition Methods: Analog and Digital IO, Counters, Timers, Basic Book2
ADC designs, interfacing methods of DAQ hardware, software structure, 8
use of simple and intermediate Viz. Use of Data Sockets for Networked
communication and controls.

4 PC Hardware Review and Instrumentation Buses: Structure, timing, 8

interrupts, DMA, operating system, ISA, PCI, USB, and PCMCIA Buses.
IEEE488.1 & 488.2 serial Interfacing-RS 232C, RS422, RS423, RS485,
USB, VXI, SCXI, PXI. Smart Instruments: Smart/intelligent transducer
— comparison with conventional transducers — self-diagnosis and
remote calibration features — smart transmitter with HART
communicator —Micro Electro Mechanical Systems — sensors,
nonlinearity compensation.

Text Books:

1. G.C. Barney," Intelligent instrumentation: microprocessor applications in

measurement and control", Prentice Hall Publication.
2. Jovitha Jerome," Virtual Instrumentation using Lab VIEW", PHI Publication.

Reference Book:

1. Lisa, K.Wells & Jeffery Travis," Lab VIEW For everyone", Prentice Hall, Publication.
2. D. Patranabis, "Principle of Industrial Instrumentation", Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
3. E. O. Doebelin, "Measurement systems", McGraw Hill Publication.
4. P. Chapman, "Smart Sensors", ISA Publication.
 NEC 021 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
Unit Topic Lectures

1 Power Semiconductor Devices: Power semiconductor devices their 8

symbols and static characteristics and specifications of switches,
types of power electronic circuits Operation, steady state & switch
characteristics & switching limits of Power Transistor Operation and
steady state characteristics of Power MOSFET and IGBT Thyristor -
Operation V-I characteristics, two transistor model, methods of turn-on
Operation of GTO, MCT and TRIAC.

2 Phase Controlled Rectifiers: Phase Angle Control, 8

Single-phase Half-wave Controlled Rectifier (One quadrant),
Single-phase Full-wave Controlled Rectifier (Two quadrant
Converters),Performance Factors of Line-commutated Converters,
The Performance Measures of Two-pulse Converters, Three phase
Controlled Converters
Inverters: Introduction Thyristor Inverter Classification, Series
Inverters, Parallel Inverter, Three-phase Bridge Inverters, Three-phase
Bridge Inverter with Input-circuit Commutation.
3 Choppers: Introduction, Principle of Chopper Operation, Control 8
Strategies, step-up/Down Chopper, Jones Chopper. Introduction to basic
Cycloconverters.
Control of D.C. Drives: Introduction, Basic Machine Equations,
Breaking Modes, Schemes for D.C. Motor Speed Control, Single-phase
Separately Excited Drives, Braking Operation of Rectifier Controlled
Separately excited Motor, Single-phase Separately Excited Drives, Power
Factor Improvement, Three-phase Separately Excited Drives, D.C.
Chopper Drives

4 Control of A.C. Drives: Introduction, basic Principle of Operation, 8

Squirrel-cage Rotor Design, Speed Control of Induction Motors, stator
Voltage Control, Variable Frequency control, Rotor Resistance
Control, Slip Power Recovery Scheme, Synchronous Motor
Drives

Text Books:

1. M. H. Rashid, "Power Electronics", Pearson Education.

2. M. D. Singh & K. Khanchandani, "Power Electronics‖, Tata McGraw Hill Publication.

Reference Books:

1. V.R. Moorthy, "Power Electronics: Devices, Circuits and Industrial Applications", Oxford
University Press.
2. M.S. Jamil Asghar, "Power Electronics‖, PHI Publication.
3. Chakrabarti & Rai, "Fundamentals of Power Electronics & Drives" Dhanpat Rai & Sons.
4. Ned Mohan, T.M. Undeland and W.P. Robbins, "Power Electronics: Converters, Applications
and Design", Wiley India Publication.
5. S.N. Singh, "A Text Book of Power Electronics",Dhanpat Rai & Sons.
 NEC 023 Analog Signal Processing
Unit Topic Lectures

I Introduction to domains and the analogue/digital trade off, 8

Introduction to basic building blocks: null or, voltage feedback
amplifier, operation transconductance amplifier, current conveyor,
current feedback amplifier. Analog signal filtering: introduction to
bilinear transfer functions and active realizations. First-order and
second-order filter realization, filter design parameters (Q and ω0),
frequency response, and effect of finite gain of op-amp, realization of
Single-Amplifier Biquad and General Impedance Convertor circuit.

II Ideal low-pass filter, Buttreworth and Chebyshev magnitude response, 8

pole locations, low-pass filter specifications.

III Delay equalization: equalization procedures, equalization with first-order 8

and second-order modules, strategies for equalization design. Definition of
Bode sensitivity.
IV Properties of Lossless ladders, the general impedance convertor (GIC), 8
optimal design of the GIC, realization of simple ladders,
Gorski-Popiel's Embedding Technique, Bruton's FDNR technique,
creating negative components.

Text Books:

1. R. Schaumann and M.E. Valkenberg,"Design of Analog Circuits", Oxford University Press.