

Study Material
Downloaded from Vedantu

FREE LIVE ONLINE

MASTER CLASSES
FREE Webinars by Expert Teachers

About Vedantu
Vedantu is India’s largest LIVE online teaching platform
with best teachers from across the country.

Vedantu offers Live Interactive Classes for JEE, NEET, KVPY,

NTSE, Olympiads, CBSE, ICSE, IGCSE, IB & State Boards for
Students Studying in 6-12th Grades and Droppers. Register for FREE

Awesome Master Teachers

Anand Prakash Pulkit Jain Vamsi Krishna
B.Tech, IIT Roorkee B.Tech, IIT Roorkee B.Tech, IIT Bombay
Co-Founder, Vedantu Co-Founder, Vedantu Co-Founder, Vedantu

My mentor is approachable and guides me My son loves the sessions and I can
in my future aspirations as well. already see the change.

Student - Ayushi Parent - Sreelatha

10,04,600+ 9,49,900+ 95% 95% Students of Regular

Hours of LIVE Learning Happy Students  Top Results

Tuitions on Vedantu scored
above 90% in exams!

FREE MASTER CLASS SERIES

 For Grades 6-12th targeting JEE, CBSE, ICSE & much more Register for FREE
 Free 60 Minutes Live Interactive classes everyday
 Learn from the Master Teachers - India’s best Limited Seats!
 Download
Vedantu's App & Get
All Study Material LIVE
with Solution Doubt Solving

Daily FREE Tests and

LIVE Classes Reports

DOWNLOAD THE APP

 Chapter 14 - Quadratic Equation

Exercise: 14.1

Page Number: 14.5

Solve the following quadratic equation by factorization method only 1  5 :

Q1.

Solution:
Given: x 2  1  0
x2  1  0
x 2 –1i 2 = 0
 x  i  x – i   0
 
Since,  a 2 – b 2   a  b  a – b  
 x  i   0 or  x – i   0
x  i or x  i
Hence, the roots of the equation are i and -i.

Q2.
Solution :
Given : 9 x 2  4  0
9 x2  4  0
2
  3x   2 2  0
2 2
  3x  –  2i   0
  3x  2i  3x – 2i   0

 
 a 2 – b 2   a  b  a – b  
 
  3x  2i   0 or ,  3 x – 2i   0
 3x  2i or 3x  2i
2i 2i
x  or x 
3 3
 Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 9 & 10
Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Paper
JEE Main & Advanced Question Paper
NEET Previous Year Question Paper

Vedantu Innovations Pvt. Ltd.

Score high with a personal teacher, Learn LIVE Online!
www.vedantu.com
 2i 2i
Hence, the roots of the equation are and. 
3 3

Q3.

Solution :
Given: x 2  2 x  5  0
x2  2 x  5  0
 x2  2x 1  4  0
2 2
  x  1 –  2i   0
 a  b  2  a 2  b 2  2ab 
 
  x  1  2i  x  1 – 2i   0
2 2
 a – b   a  b  a – b  
  x  1  2i   0 or ,  x  1 – 2i   0
 x   1  2i  or , x  1  2i
Hence, the roots of the equation are -1 + 2i and -1 – 2i.

Q4.
Solution :
We have:
4 x 2 –12 x  25  0
 4 x 2 –12 x  9  16  0
2 2
  2 x   32 – 2  2 x  3 –  4i   0
2 2
  2 x  3 –  4i   0
  2 x – 3  4i  2 x – 3  4i   0
 a 2 – b 2   a  b  a – b  
  2 x – 3  4i   0 or ,  2 x – 3 – 4i   0
 2 x  3 – 4i or , 2 x  3  4i
3 3
x – 2i or , x   2i
2 2
3 3
Hence, the roots of the equation are – 2i and  2i .
2 2
Q5.

Solution:
We have:
x2  x  1  0
1 3
 x2  x   0
4 4
2 2
1
2 1  3i 
 x     2  x     0
2 2  2 
2 2
 1   3i 
  x   –   0
 2   2 
 1 3i  1 3i 
  x   
 x  –   0
 2 2  2 2 
 1 3i   1 3i 
  x     0 or ,  x  – 0
 2 2   2 2 
1 3i 1 3i
x – or , x   
2 2 2 2
1 3 1 3
Hence, the roots of the equation are   i and   i .
2 2 2 2
Q6.
Solution :
We have:
4x2 1  0
2
  2x  – i2  0
2 2
  2x  – i   0
  2 x  i  2 x – i   0
  2 x  i   0 or  2 x – i   0
 2 x  i or 2 x  i
i i
 x   or x 
2 2

1 1
Hence, the roots of the equation are i and  i .
2 2
Q7.
Solution :
We have:
x2 – 4 x  7  0
 x2 – 4 x  4  3  0
2
 x 2 – 2  x  2  22 –  3i  0
2
  x – 2 –
2
 3i   0

 x – 2 3i  x – 2 – 3i   0

 x – 2 3i   0 or ,  x – 2 – 3i   0

 x  2 – 3i or , x  2  3i
Hence, the roots of the equation are 2  3i .

Q8.

Solution :
We have:
x2  2 x  2  0
 x2  2 x  1  1  0
2
 x 2  2  x 1  12 –  i   0
2 2
  x  1 –  i   0
  x  1  i  x  1 – i   0
  x  1  i   0 or  x  1 – i   0
 x  1 – i or x  1  i
Hence, the roots of the equation are -1 + i and -1 – i.

Q9.

Solution:
Given: 5 x 2 – 6 x  2  0
Comparing the given equation with general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0, we
get a = 5, b =-6 and c = 2.
 b2  4ac b2  4ac
Substituting these values in   b  and   b – , we get:
2a 2a
6  36 – 4  5  2 6 – 36 – 4  2  5
 and  
25 25
6  4 4
  and   6 –
10 10
6  4i 2 6  4i 2
  and  
10 10
6  2i 6 – 2i
  and  
10 10
2 3  i  2 3 – i 
  and  
10 10
3 1 3 1
    i and   – i
5 5 5 5
3 1
Hence, the roots of equation are  i
5 5
Q10.

Solution :
Given: 21x 2  9 x  1  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 21, b = 9 and c = 1.
b  b 2 – 4ac b  b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in α = and   , we get:
2a 2a
9  81 – 4  211 9 –81 – 4  211
 and  
2  21 2  21
9  3i 9 – 3i
  and  
42 42
9 3i 9 3i
   and    –
42 42 42 42
3 3i 3 3i 3 i 3
    and    – Hence, the roots of the equation are   .
14 42 14 42 14 42

Q11.

Solution :
We have:
x2 – x  1  0
1 3
 x2 – x    0
2 4
2
1 1 3
 x  2  x     – i2  0
2

2 2 4
2 2
 1  3
  x –  –  i  0
 2   2 
 1 i 3  i 3
  x –    x –12 – 0
 2 2   2 
 1 i 3  1 i 3
  x –    0 or  x – –   0
 2 2   2 2 
1 i 3 1 i 3 1 i 3
x – or x   Hence, the roots of the equation are 
2 2 2 2 2 2
.
Q12.
Solution :
We have:
x2  x  1  0
1 3
 x2  x    0
4 4
2 2
 1  3 
  x    – i  0
 2  4 
2 2
 1 i 3
  x   –   0
 2   2 
 1 i 3  1 i 3
  x     x  –
   0
 2 2  2 2 
 1 i 3  1 i 3
  x     0 or  x  – 0
 2 2   2 2 
1 i 3 1 i 3
x  – or x  
2 2 2 2
1 i 3
Hence, the roots of the equation are  .
2 2
Q13.
Solution :
Given: 17 x 2 – 8 x  1  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 17, b =-8 and c = 1.
b  b2 – 4ac b  b 2  4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
8  64 – 4 17 1 8 – 64 – 4 17 1
 and  
2 17 2 17
8  64 – 68 8 – 64 – 68
  and  
34 34
8  4 8  4
  and  
34 34
8  4i 2 8 – 4i 2
  and  
34 34
8  2i 8 – 2i
  and  
34 34
4i 4–i
  and  
17 17
4 1 4 1
    i and   – i
17 17 17 17
4 1
Hence, the roots of the equation are  i
17 17 .
Q14.
Solution :
Given: 27 x 2 – 10 x  1  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 27, b =-10 and c = 1.
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
 10  100 – 4  27  1 10 – 100 – 4  27  1
 and  
2  27 2  27
10  100 –108 10 – 100 –108
  and  
54 54
10  8 10 – 8
  and  
54 54
10  8i 2 10 – 8i 2
  and  
54 54
10  i 2 2 10 – i 2 2
  and  
54 54

 

2 5i 2  and  

2 5 – i 2 
54 54
5 2 5 2
   i and   – i .
27 27 27 27
5 2
Hence, the roots of the equation are  i
27 27
Q15.
Solution :
Given: 17 x 2  28 x  12  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 17, b = 28 and c= 12.
b  b2 – 4ac b – b 2  4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
 28  784 – 4 17  12 28 – 784 – 4 17  12
 and  
34 34
28  784 – 816 28 – 784 – 816
  and  
34 34
28  32 28 – 32
  and  
34 34
28  32i 2 28 – 32i 2
  and  
34 34
28  4 2i 28 – 4 2i
  and  
34 34
14  2 2i 14 – 2 2i
  and  
17 17
14 2 2i
Hence, the roots of the equation are   .
17 17
Q16. Solution :
Given: 21x 2 – 28 x  10  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0
,we get a = 21, b =-28 and c = 10.
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
28  784 – 4  2110  28  784 – 4  2110 
 and  
2  21 2  21

28  –56 28  56
 and  
42 42
28  2i 14 28  2i 14
 and  
42 42
14  i 14 14  i 14
 and  
21 21
i
2 14 2 14
  i and    i
3 21 3 21
2 14
Hence, the roots of the equation are  i.
3 21
Q17.
Solution :
Given: 8 x 2 – 9 x  3  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0
,we get a = 8, b=-9 and c = 3.
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
9  81 – 4  8  3 9 – 81 – 4  8  3
 and  
28 28
9  81 – 96 9 – 81 – 96
 and  
16 16
9  15 9 – 15
 and  
16 16
9  i 15 9 – i 15
 and  
16 16
9 15 9 15
⇒ – i and    i
16 16 16 16
9 15
Hence, the roots of the equation are  i.
16 16
Q18.
Solution :
Given: 13 x 2  7 x  1  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 13, b = 7 and c = 1.
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
7  49 – 4 13 1 7  49 – 4 13 1
 and  
2  13 2 13
7  49 – 52 7  49  52
 and  
26 26
 7  3 7  3
 and  
26 26
7  i 3 7  i 3
 and  
26 26
7 3 7 3
⇒    i and     i
26 26 26 26
7 3
Hence, the roots of the equation are   i.
26 26
Q19.
Solution :
Given: 2 x 2  x  1  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 2, b = 1 and c = 1.
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
1  1 – 4  2  1 1  1 – 4  2  1
 and  
2 2 2 2
1  7 1  7
 and  
4 4
1  i 7 1  i 7
 and  
4 4
1 7 1 7
   i and     i
4 4 4 4
1  i 7
Hence, the roots of the equation are
4
Q20.
Solution :
Given: 3x 2 – 2 x  3 3  0
Comparing the given equation with the general f orm of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 3 , b = - 2 and c = 3 3 .
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   we get:
2a 2a

2  2 – 4 3 3 3 2  2 – 4 3 3 3
 and  
2 3 2 3
2  34 2  34
 and  
2 3 2 3
2  i 34 2  i 34
 and  
2 3 2 3
2  i 34
Hence, the roots of the equation are
2 3
Q21.
Solution :
Given: 2 x 2  x  2  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 2 , b = 1 and c = 2 .
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a

1  1 – 4  2  2 1  1 – 4  2  2
 and  
2 2. 2 2.
1  7 1  7
 and  
2 2. 2 2.
1  i 7 1  i 7
 and  
2 2. 2 2.
1  i 7
Hence, the roots of the equation are .
2 2.
Q22.
Solution :
1
Given equation: x 2  x  0
2
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
1
we get a = 1, b = 1 and c = .
2

b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
1 1
1  1 – 4  1  1 – 4 
2 2
 and  
2 2
1  1 – 2 2 1  1– 2 2
 and  
2 2
1  i 2 2  1 1  i 2 2  1
 and  
2 2
1  i 2 2  1
Hence, the roots of the equation are .
2
Q23.
Solution :
 x
Given equation: x 2  1  0
2
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 we
1
get a = 1, b= and c = 1.
2

b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
1 1 1 1
  – 4  1 1   – 4  1 1
2 2 2 2
 and  
2 2
1 7 1 7
     
2 2 2 2
 and  
2 2
1 7 1 7
 i   i
2 2 2 2
 and  
2 2
1  i 7 1  i 7
 and  
2 2 2 2
1  i 7
Hence, the roots of the equation are .
2 2
Q24.
Solution :
Given: 5 x 2  x  5  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 5 , b = 1 and c = 5.
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a

1  1  4  5  5 1 – 1  4  5  5
 and  
2 5 2 5
1  19 1  19
 and  
2 5 2 5
1  i 19 1  i 19
 and  
2 5 2 5
1  i 19
Hence, the roots of the equation are -1 ± i1925.
2 5
Q25.
Solution :
 x2  x  2  0
 x2 – x  2  0
1 7
 x2 – x   0
4 4
2
1 1 7
 x2  2  x     – i2  0
2 2 4
2 2
 1 i 7 
  x –  –   0
 2   2 
 1 i 7  1 i 7
  x –    x – – 0
 2 2  2 2 
 1 7  1 7 
  x –  i 
 x– – i  0
 2 2  2 2 
1 7 1 7
x – i or , x   i
2 2 2 2
1 7
Hence, the roots of the equation are  i.
2 2
Q26.
Solution :
1
 x2 – 2x 1  0
2
2
2  1 
  x  1 –  i  0
 2 
 1  1 
  x –1  i  x –1  i  0
 2  2 
 1   1 
  x –1  i   0 or ,  x –1  i  0
 2   2 
1 1
 x  1 i or , x  1 – i
2 2
1
Hence, the roots of the equation are 1  i.
2
20
Q27. 3 x 2  4 x  0
3
Solution :
20
Given: 3 x 2  4 x  0
3
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
we get a = 3, b=-4 and c = 20/3.
b  b 2 – 4ac b – b2 – 4ac
Substituting these values in   and   , we get:
2a 2a
20 20
4  16 – 4  3  4  16 – 4  3 
 3 and   3
6 6
4  64 4  64
 and  
6 6
4  8i 4  8i
 and  
6 6
2  4i 2  4i
 and  
3 3
2  4i
Hence, the roots of the equation are .
3
Exercise: 14.2

Page Number: 14.13

Question 1:

Solution :

(i)
x 2  10ix  21  0
x 2  7ix  3ix  21  0
x  x  7i   3i  x  7i   0
 x  7i  x  3i   0
x  7i  0
or  x  3i   0
x  7i, 3i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are  3i and  7i.
(ii)
x 2  1  2i  x  2i  0
x 2  x  2ix  2i  0
x  x  1  2i  x  1  0
 x  1 x  2i   0
 x  1  0 or  x  2i   0
x  1, 2i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are  1 and 2i.

(iii)
 
x 2  2 3  3i x  6 3i  0

x 2  2 3 x  3ix  6 3i  0
  
x x  2 3  3i x  2 3  0 
 x  2 3   x  3i   0
 x  2 3   0 or  x  3i   0
x  2 3, 3i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 2 3 and 3i.
(iv)
6 x 2  17ix  12  0
6 x 2  9ix  8ix  12  0
3 x  2 x  3i   4i  2 x  3i   0
 2 x  3i  3x  4i   0
 2 x  3i   0 or  3x  4i   0
3 4
x  i, i
2 3
3 4
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are i and i.
2 3
Question 2:

Solution:

(i)
 
x 2  3 2  2i x  6 2i  0

 x 2  3 2 x  2ix  6 2i  0

 x x3 2   
 2i x  3 2  0


 x 3 2   x  2i   0
  x  3 2   0 or  x  2i   0

 x  3 2, 2i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 3 2 and 2i.

(ii)
x 2   5  i  x  18  i   0
Comparing the given equation with the general form ax 2  bx  c  0,
we geta  1, b    5  i  and c  18  i 
b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
2
5  i   5  i   4 18  i 
x
2
2
5  i   5  i   4 18  i 
x
2
  5  i   48  14i
x
2

x
 5  i   i 48  14i
2

x
 5  i   i 49  1  2  7  i
2
2
5  i   i 7  i 
x
2

x
5  i   i 7  i 
2

x
5  i   i 7  i  or x 
5  i   i 7  i 
2 2
 x  2  3i, 3  4i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 2  3i and 3  4i.

(iii)
 2  i  x2   5  i  x  2 1  i   0 Comparing the given equation with the general form
ax 2  bx  c  0 , we get a   2  i  , b    5  i  and c  2 1  i 
b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
5  i   5  i 2  4  2  i  2 1  i 
x
22  i

x
 5  i   2i
22  i

x
 5  i   2i i
22  i
Let x  iy  2i.then
 2
  x  iy   2i
 x 2  y 2  2ixy  2i
 x 2  y 2  0 and 2 xy  2 ii
2 2

Now, x 2  y 2   x 2
 y2   4x2 y 2
2

 x2  y2  4
 x 2  y 2  2 iii
From ii and iii
 x  1and , y  1
As, xy is negative  from ii 
 x  1, y  1
or , x  1, y  1
 2i   1  i 
 Substituting this value in  i  , we get

x
 5  i   1  i 
22  i
4 2
 x  1  i,  i
5 5
4 2
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 1  i and  i.
5 5
(iv)
x 2   2  i  x  1  7i   0 Comparing the given equation with the general form
ax 2  bx  c  0 , we get a  1, b    2  i  and c   1  7i 
b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
2
2  i  2  i  4 1  7i 
x
2

x
 2  i   7  24i
i
2
Let x  iy  7  24i . Then,
 2
  x  iy   7  24i
 x 2  y 2  2ixy  7  24i
 x 2  y 2  7 and 2 xy  24  ii
2 2

Now, x 2  y 2   x 2
 y2   4 x2 y 2
⇒x+iy2=7-24i⇒x2-y2+2ixy=7-24i ⇒x2-y2=7
2
 x y 2 2
  49  576  625
 x 2  y 2  25  iii
From ii and iii
 x  4 and y  3
and
As, xy is negative  From ii 
 x  4, y  3 or , x  4, y  3
 x  iy  4  3i or , 4  3i
 7  24i  4  3i
Substituting these values in i, we get

x
 2  i    4  3i 
2
 x  3  i,  1  2i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 3-i and -1+2i.
ix 2  4 x  4i  0

 i x 2  4ix  4  0 
(v) 
 x 2  4ix  4  0 
2
  x  2i   0
 x  2i  0
 x  2i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are -2i and -2i.
(vi)
x 2  4ix  4  0
2
 x 2  2  x  2i   2i   0
2
  x  2i   0
  x  2i   0
 x  2i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are -2i and -2i.
vii) 2 x 2  15ix  i  0 Comparing the given equation with the general form
ax 2  bx  c  0 , we get a  2, b  15 i and c  i
 b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
2
 15 i  15 i   8i
x
4
 15 i  8i  15
x i
4
Let x  iy  8i  15. Then,
2
  x  iy   8i  15
 x 2  y 2  2ixy  8i  15
 x 2  y 2  15 and 2 xy  8  ii
2 2

Now, x 2  y 2   x 2
 y2   4 x2 y 2
2

 x2  y 2   225  64  289
 x 2  y 2  17  iii
From ii and iii
 x  1and y  4
As, xy is positive  From ii 
 x  1, y  4 or , x  1, y  4
 x  iy  1  4i or ,  1  4i
 8i  15   1  4i 
Substituting these values in i, we get ,
 15 i  1  4i 
x
4

x

1  4  15 i  ,

1  4  15 i 
4 4

So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are

 
1  4  15 i
and
 
1  4  15 i
4 4
viii) x 2  x  1  i   0 Comparing the given equation with the general form
ax 2  bx  c  0 , we get
a=1, b=-1 and c=1+i
 b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
1  1  4 1  i 
x
2
1  3  4i
x i
2
Let x  iy  3  4i . Then,
2
  x  iy   3  4i
 x 2  y 2  2ixy  3  4i
 x 2  y 2  3 and 2 xy  4  ii
2 2

Now, x 2  y 2   x 2
 y2   4 x2 y 2
2

 x2  y 2   9  16  25
 x 2  y 2  5  iii
From ii and iii
 x  1 and y  2
As, xy is negative  From  ii  
 x  1, y  2 or , x  1, y  2
 x  iy  1  2i or  1  2i
 3  4i   1  2i  Substituting these values in i, we get
1  1  2i 
x
2
 x  1  i, i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 1  i and i .
ix)
ix 2  x  12i  0

 i x 2  ix  12  0 
2
 x  ix  12  0
 x 2  4ix  3ix  12  0
 x  x  4i   3i  x  4i   0
  x  4i  x  3i   0
  x  4i   0 or  x  3i   0
 x  4i , 3i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 4i and 3i .
(x)
 
x 2  3 2  2i x  2i  0 Comparing the given equation with the general form
2
ax  bx  c  0 , we get
 
a  1, b   3 2  2i and c   2i 
b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
2

x
3 2  2i   3 2  2i  4 2i 
2

x
3 2  2i  14  8 2i i
2
Let x  iy  14  8 2i . Then,
2
  x  iy   14  8 2i
 x 2  y 2  2ixy  14  8 2i
 x 2  y 2  14 and 2 xy  8 2  ii
2 2
Now, x 2  y 2   x 2
 y2   4x2 y2
2

 x2  y2   196  128  324
 x 2  y 2  18  iii
From ii and iii
 x  4 and y   2
As, xy is negative From ii
 x  4, y  2 or , x  4, y   2
 x  iy  4  2i or , 4  2 i
 14  8 2i   4  2i  
Substituting these values in i, we get

x
3 2  2i  4  2i   
2

x
3 2  4 i 2 2    , 3  
2 4 i 2 2 
2 2

So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are

3  
2  4 i 2 2  and 3  
2 4 i 2 2 
2 2
.
xi)
x2   
2  i x  2 i  0 Comparing the given equation with the general form
2
ax  bx  c  0, we get
a  1, b    
2  i and c  2i
 b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
2

x
  
2 i  
2  i  4 2i
2

x
 
2  i  1 2 2 i
2
2

x
   2
2 i   12  2 2 i
2
2

x
  
2 i  2 i 
2

x
  
2 i  2 i 
2
 x  2, i So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are 2 and i.

xii) 2 x 2   3  7i  x   9i  3  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form ax 2  bx  c  0 , we get
a  2, b    3  7i  and c   9i  3
b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
2
 3  7i    3  7i   8  9i  3
x
4

x
 3  7i   16  30i
i
4
Let x  iy  16  30i . Then,
2
  x  iy   16  30i
 x 2  y 2  2ixy  16  30i
 x 2  y 2  16 and 2 xy  30  ii
 2 2

Now, x 2  y 2   x 2
 y2   4 x2 y 2
2

 x2  y 2   256  900  1156
 x 2  y 2  34  iii
From ii and iii
 x  3 and y  5
As, xy is negative From ii
 x  3, y  5 or , x  3, y  5
 x  iy  3  5 i or ,  3  5 i
 14  8 2i    3  5i 
Substituting these values in i, we get

x
 3  7i    3  5i 
4
3i
x ,3i
2
3i
So, the roots of the given quadratic equation are and 3i .
2
Exercise: VSA

Page Number: 14.15

Question 1

Solution:
2 2 2
x  1   x – 2    x – 3  0
 x2  1 – 2 x  x2  4 – 4 x  x2  9 – 6 x  0
 3 x 2 –12 x  14  0
Comparing the given equation with the general form of the quadratic equation
ax 2  b  c  0, we get
a  3, b  12 and c  14.
2
D  b 2  4ac   12   4  3 14  144  168  24
Since the value of D is less than 0, the given equation has no real roots.

Question 2:

Solution:
Given: x 2 – px  q  0 Also, a and b are the roots of the given equation.
Sum of the roots = a  b  p 1
Product of the roots = ab = q …(2)
1 1 ba p
Now,    [Using equation (1) and (2)]
a b ab q
1 1 p
Hence, the value of  is .
a b q
Question 3:

Solution:
Given equation: x 2 – px  16  0
Also, α and β are the roots of the equation satisfying  2   2  9. From the equation,
we have:
–p
Sum of the roots =      p
1
 16
Product of the roots     16
1
2
Now,       2   2  2
 p 2  9  32
 p 2  41
 p  41

Hence, the value of p is 41 .

Question 4:

Solution:
Irrational roots always occur in conjugate pairs.
If 2  3 is a root and 2  3 is its conjugate root.

 2 32 3  p 
 4  9
 p  4
 
Also, 2  3 2  3  q 
 43 q
 q 1

Question 5:

Solution:
Given: x 2  ax  8  0.
Let α and β are the roots of the equation.
a
Sum of the roots       a.
1
8
Product of the roots     8
1
Given :  –   2
2
Then,     –  –  2  4
2
     – 2 2  4  8
2
     – 4  32
2
      32  4  36
     6
     a  6
 a  6
Question 6:
Solution
Given :  a  b  x 2   b  c  x   c  a   0
bc ca
 x2  x 0
a b a b
ca ca
 x2  xx 0
ab a b
b  c c  a  a  b ca
   1
a b ab ab
 ca   ca
 x x    1 x  0
 a b   ab 
ca
 x  x  1  0
ab
ca
 x  0 or x  1  0
ab
ca
x
ab
or x  1
ca
Thus, roots of the equation are and 1.
a b
bc
Now,     
a b
bc
 1   
ab
bc ca
  1 
a b a b
Question 7:

Solution:
Given: x 2 – x  1  0 Also, a and b are the roots of the equation.
 1 
Then, sum of the roots  a  b  –    1
 1 
1
Product of the roots  ab   1
1
2
  a  b   a 2  b 2  2ab
 12  a 2  b 2  2 1
 a 2  b 2  1 – 2  1
 a 2  b 2  1

Question 8:
Solution:
Let α and β be the real roots of the quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0.
On squaring these roots, we get:
   2 and    2
  1 –    0 and  1     0
   0,   1 and   0,1
Three cases arise :
 i    0,   0
 ii    1,   0
 iii    1,   1
 i    0,   0
    0 and   0
So, the corresponding quadratic equation is,
x 2 –     x    0
 x2  0

 ii    0,   1
   1
  0
So, the corresponding quadratic equation is,
x 2 –     x    0
 x2  x  0  0
 x2  x  0
 iii    1,   1
  2
  1
So, the corresponding quadratic equation is,
x 2 –     x    0
 x2  2 x  1  0
Hence, we can construct 3 quadratic equations.

Question 9:

Solution:
Given equation: x 2  lx  m  0
Also, α and β are the roots of the equation.
l
Sum of the roots       l
1
m
Product of the roots     m
1
1 1   l l
Now, sum of the roots   –    
   m m
1 1
Product of the roots  
 m
 x 2   Sum of the roots  x  Product of the roots  0
l 1
 x2 – x 0
m m
2
 mx – lx  1  0
1 1
Hence, this is the equation whose roots are  and  .
 
Question 10:

Solution:
Given: x 2 – a  x  1 – c  0 or x 2 – ax  a – c  0
Also, α and β are the roots of the equation.
 –a 
Sum of the roots       a
 1 
 a  c
Product of the roots      a  c
1
 1   1     1      
 1        
 1 a – a – c
 1 c
Exercise: MCQ

Page Number: 14.16

Question 1:

Solution:
(b) 2  12
Since the equation has real roots.
D0
 b 2  4ac  0
 k 2  4 1 k  2   0
 k 2  4k  8  0
4  16  4 1  8
k
2 1
4  2 12
k
2
 k  2  12

Question 2:
Solution:
(b) 0
Let p  x
 p2  p  6  0
 p2  3 p  2 p  6  0
  p  3 p  2   0
 p  3, 2
Also, x  p
 x  2, or x  3
Modulus can not be negative,
x 2
 x  2
 x  2 or  2
Sum of the roots of x is 0

Question 3:
Solution:
(c) −1
Given equation : x 2  x  1  0
Also, a and b are the roots of the given equation.
Coefficient of x 1
Sum of the roots  a  b  2
   1
Coefficient of x 1
Constant term 1
Product of the roots  ab   1
Coefficient of x 2 1
2
  a  b   a 2  b 2  2ab
2
  1  a 2  b 2  2  1
 1 – 2  a2  b2
 a 2  b 2  1

Question 4:
Solution:
(d) −3/7
Given equation: 4 x 2  3 x  7  0
Also, α and β are the roots of the equation.
Coefficient of x 3
Sum of the roots      2

Coefficient of x 4
Constant term 7
Product of the roots    2

Coefficient of x 4
3
1 1   3
    4 
   7 7
4
Question 5:
Solution:
 d   1, 3
The given equation is log 3  x 2  4 x  12   2.
 x 2  4 x  12  32  9
 x2  4x  3  0
  x  1 x  3  0
 x  1,  3
Question 6:
Solution:
(a) 2
 2 2
x 2
 2 x    x  1  55  0
2 2
  x 2  2 x  1  1   x  1  55  0
2
  x  1 1   x  1  55  0
2 2

2 2
  x  1   1  3  x  1  55  0
2

2 2
  x  1   3  x  1  54  0
2

2
Let p   x  1
 p 2  3 p  54  0
 p 2  9 p  6 p  54  0
  p  6  p  9   0
 p  9 or p  6
Rejecting p  6
2
  x  1  9
 x2  2x  8  0
 x2  4x  2x  8  0
  x  4  x  2   0
 x  2, x  4
Question 7:
Solution:
(c) b / ac
Given equation: ax 2  bx  c  0
Also, α and β are the roots of the given equation.
b
Then, sum of the roots      
a
c
Product of the roots   
a
 1 1 a   b  a  b
  
a  b a   b  a  b  a   b 
a      2b

a   ab  ab  b 2
2

a      2b
 2
a   ab      b2
 b 
a    2b
  a 
c  b
a 2    ab     b 2
a  a
b

ac
Question 8:
Solution:
(a) q 2 – p 2
Given: α and β are the roots of the equation x 2  px  1  0 .
Also, γ and δ are the roots of the equation x 2  qx  1  0 .
Then, the sum and the product of the roots of the given equation are as follows:
p
      p
1
1
   1
1
q
      q
1
1
   1
1
2
Moreover ,        2   2  2
  2   2  q2 – 2
  –       –         –    –         
    –    2        2 
          2           2 
 1     p    2  1     p    2 
 1   p   2 1 –  p   2 
 1  p   2  p – p 2  p 2   2  p 2   2 2
 1  p  p   2 – p 2  p 2   2  p 2   2 2
 1 – p  –   – p2   p  –      2   2   1
 1 – p 2  p  –   – p  –      2   2   1
 1 – p 2   –   p   –1  q 2 – 2  1
  p 2      p 1 –1  q 2
 q2 – p2
Question 9:
Solution:
(b) 2
Given equation : 2 x – x 2 – 3  1
 i  2 x – x2 – 3  1
 2 x – x2 – 4  0
 x2 – 2x  4  0
2
  x – 2  0
 x  2, 2
(ii)
2 x  x 2  3  1
 x2 – 2 x  2  0
 x2 – 2 x  1  1  0
2
  x –1 – i 2  0
  x –1  i  x –1 – i   0
 x  1 – i,1  i
Hence, the real solutions are 2, 2.
Question 10:
Solution:
(c) 2
x 2  x –1  x 2  x  1 , x  1
 x2  x  1 , x  1
 i  x 2  x –1  1
 x2  x  2  0
 x2  2 x  x  2  0
 x  x  2   1 x  2   0
  x  2  x  1  0
 x  2  0 or , x  1  0
 x  2 or x  1
Since -2 does not satisfy the condition x≥1
(ii)
x2 – x  1  1
 x2 – x  0
 x2 – x  0
 x  x –1  0
 x  0 or ,  x –1  0
 x  0, x  1
x  1 does not satisfy the condition x < 1
So, there are two solutions.
Question 11:
Solution:
1 
(a) k   ,3
3 
2
x  x 1
k 2
x  x 1
 kx 2  kx  k  x 2  x  1
  k  1 x 2   k  1 x  k  1  0
For real values of x, the discriminant of  k  1 x 2   k  1 x  k  1  0 should be
greater than or equal to zero.
 if k  1
2
 k  1  4  k  1 k  1  0
2 2
  k  1  2  k  1  0
  k  1  2k  2  k  1  2k  2   0
  3k  1  k  3  0
  3k  1 k  3  0
1 1 
  k  3 i.e. k   , 3  1  i 
3 3 
And if k  1, then,
x  0, which is real  ii 
So, from  i  and  ii  , we get ,
1 
k   ,3
3 
Question: 12.
Solution:
(b) 1
Given equation: x 2 – bx  c  0
Let α and α+1 be the two consecutive roots of the equation.
Sum of the roots =     1  2  1
Product of the roots =    1   2  
Coeffecient of x b
So, sum of the roots  2  1   b
Coeffecient of x 2 1
Constant term c
Product of the roots   2    2
 c
Coeffecient of x 1
2
Now, b 2  4c   2  1  4  2     4 2  4  1  4 2  4  1
Question 13:
Solution:
(a) and (c)
Let α be the common roots of the equations x 2  11x  a  0 and x 2  14 x  2a  0.
1Therefore,
a 2  11x  a  0 ..... 1
a 2  14 x  2a  0....  2 
Solving (1) and (2) by cross multiplication, we get,
2  1
 
22a  14a a  2a 14  11
22a  14a a  2a
2  ,
14  11 14  11
8a 8a a a
2   ,  
3 3 3 3
2
 a  8a
  
3 3
2
 a  24a
 a 2  24a  0
 a  a  24   0
 a  0 or a  24
Question 14
Solution:
(c) 5, −7
The given equation is kx 2  1  kx  3 x  11x 2 which can be written as.
kx 2  11x 2  kx – 3 x  1  0
  k  11 x 2   k  3 x  1  0
For equal and real roots, the discriminant of  k  11 x 2   k  3 x  1  0.
2
  k  3  4  k  11  0
 k 2  2k  35  0
  k  5  k  7   0
 k  5,  7
Hence, the equation has real and equal roots when k = 5 , -7.
Question 15:
Solution:
(b) −1
Let α be the common roots of the equations, x 2  2 x  3  0 and 2 x 2  3 x  5  0
Therefore,
 2  2  3  0  1
2 2  3  5  0   2 
Solving (1) and (2) by cross multiplication, we get
2  1
 
10  9 6  5 3  4
  2   ,   
    2
   1
Question 16.
Solution:
(a) 49/4
It is given that, 4 is the root of the equation x 2  px  12  0.
16  4 p  12  0
 p  7
It is also given that , the equation x 2  px  q  0 has equal roots. So, the discriminant of
x 2  px  q  0 will be zero.
 p 2  4q  0
2
 4q   7   49
49
q
4

Question 17:

Solution:
(a) p = 1, q = −2
It is given that, p and q (p ≠ 0, q ≠ 0) are the roots of the equation x 2  px  q  0 .
 Sum of roots  p  q   p
 2 p  q  0  1
Product of roots  pq  q
 qp  1  0
 p  1, q  0 but q  0
Now, substituting p  1 in 1 , we get ,
2q  0
 q  2
Question 18:
Solution:
(c) m∈(-4,-3]
The roots of the quadratic equation x 2   m  1 x  m  4  0 will be real, if its
discriminant is greater than or equal to zero.
2
  m  1  4  m  4   0
  m  5 m  3  0
 m  3 or m  5  1
It is also given that, the roots of x 2   m  1 x  m  4  0 are negative.
So, the sum of the roots will be negative.
∴ Sum of the roots < 0
 m 1  0
 m  1   2 
and product of zeros  0
 m4  0
 m  4   3 
From 1 ,  2  and  3 , we get ,
m   4, 3

Question 19:

Solution:
(b) 1
 x  2  x – 5    x – 2 
 x  3 x  6   x  4 
  x 2 – 3x –10   x  4    x 2  3x –18   x – 2 
 x 3  4 x 2 – 3 x 2 –12 x –10 x – 40  x 3 – 2 x 2  3 x 2 – 6 x  18 x  36
 x 2 – 22 x – 40  x 2 – 24 x  36
 2 x  76
 x  38
Hence, the equation has only 1 root.
Question 20:

Solution:
(b) −3/7
Given equation: 4 x 2  3 x  7  0
Also, α and β are the roots of the equation.
 Coefficient of x 3
Then, sum of the roots      2

Coefficient of x 4
Constant term 7
Product of the roots    2

Coefficient of x 4
3
1 1   3
   4 
   7 7
4
Question 21:
(a)
Solution:
(d) qx 2  px  1  0
Given equation: x 2  px  q  0
Also, α and β are the roots of the given equation.
Then, sum of the roots = α + β =-p
Product of the roots = αβ = q
1 1
Now, for roots  ,  , we have :
 
1 1    p p
Sum of the roots    –  –  
   q q
1 1
Product of the roots  
 q
1 1
Hence, the equation involving the roots  , is as follows :
 
x 2      x    0
p 1
 x2 – x 0
q q
 qx 2  px  1  0
Question 22.
(a)
Solution:
(b) p 2  4q  1
Given equation: x 2 – px  q  0
Also α and β are the roots of the equation such that α – β = 1.
Coefficient of x  p 
Sum of the roots      2
 –  p
Coefficient of x  1 
Constant term
Product of the roots     q
Coefficient of x 2
2 2
     –  –    4
 p 2 –1  4q
 p 2 – 4q  1
Question 23
Solution:
(c) 1 − c
Given equation
x 2 – p  x  1 – c  0
:
or x 2 – px  p  c  0
Also α and β are the roots of the equation.
Sum of the roots = α + β = p
Product of the roots = αβ = -(c + p)
Then,   1   1        1
  c  p   p 1
 c – p  p  1
 1 c

Question 24:

Solution:
(d) 7
The roots of the quadratic equation x 2  5 x  k  0 will be imaginary if its discriminant
is less than zero.
 25  4k  0
25
k
4
Thus, the minimum integral value of k for which the roots are imaginary is 7.

Question 25:

Solution:
(b) x 2  2 x  2  0
We know that, imaginary roots of a quadratic equation occur in conjugate pair.
It is given that, 1 + i is one of the roots.
So, the other root will be 1-i.
Thus, the quadratic equation having roots 1 + i and 1 – i is,
x 2  1  i  1  i  x  1  i 1  i   0
 x2  2 x  2  0
 Thank You
for downloading the PDF

FREE LIVE ONLINE

MASTER CLASSES
FREE Webinars by Expert Teachers

FREE MASTER CLASS SERIES

 For Grades 6-12th targeting JEE, CBSE, ICSE & much more Register for FREE
 Free 60 Minutes Live Interactive classes everyday
 Learn from the Master Teachers - India’s best Limited Seats!