Workshop "Products and Services"
Workshop "Products and Services"
Workshop "Products and Services"
JULIO 2020
NEGOCIOS INTERNACIONALES
FICHA 2104839
WORKSHOP "PRODUCTS AND SERVICES"
INTRODUCTION
A single market for global advantage a modernized single market can put Europe one step
ahead of its global competitors by more quickly removing barriers to cross-border exchanges
of products and services. But to meet the demands of the new economy, the single market
must be more dynamic and agile, shift focus from producer to consumer, and drive disruptive
innovation.
The foundations of the modern economy. First, the digital revolution dramatically increases
the reach, flexibility and agility of companies, large and small, creating new economic actors,
world.
increasingly a "race to the top," rather than a "race to the bottom," with countries becoming
Third, cultural and structural trends change the nature of socio-economic interactions by
FIND THE MAIN IDEA OF PARAGRAPHS 1, 2, 9, 10, 11 AND 12, AND WRITE
THEM IN A PARAGRAPH
PARAGRAPH ONE
Three factors combine to reshape the foundations of the modern economy. First, the digital
revolution dramatically augments the reach, flexibility and agility of companies, big and
companies that are born global. Second, international competition draws millions of new
workers and consumers into what is increasingly a ‘race to the top’, rather than a ‘race to the
and skills acquisition. Third, cultural and structural trends change the nature of socio-
PARAGRAPH TWO
A pronounced distinction between product and service markets is fictitious: value creation
and innovation increasingly take place at their intersection. Business-related services are
often decisive in making products attractive to the consumer and they generate most of the
PARAGRAPH NINE
Cars have become computers on wheels. Software is revolutionising the car industry, until
recently one of the most traditional and hierarchically organized industries in the world. For
example, Tesla – a company founded as recently as 2003 – has shown that there is no reason
why a technology company cannot become a car company, with the design coming from
California, modules being delivered by suppliers from around the world and the final product
being put together in contract factories. Electronics and automation have become key
PARAGRAPH TEN
In spite of the slowdown of growth in emerging markets, the next decades are likely to be
marked by a continued convergence process. As emerging countries move up the value chain,
they increasingly rival producers and service suppliers from advanced economies. Instead of
developing powerful industrial sectors locally, they can now leapfrog more advanced
economies by adopting the latest technologies and sourcing products and services globally.
As a result, OECD countries’ share in world manufacturing dropped from 82% in 1990 to
Tellingly, China’s 12th Five-Year Plan for 2011-2015 explicitly shifts the focus to R&D and
high-end manufacturing and services. This means that China and Europe will increasingly
compete in the same markets, such as clean energy, aerospace, telecom equipment or
WORKSHOP "PRODUCTS AND SERVICES"
broadband networks. Studies have shown that the complementarity of European and Chinese
export offers has dropped from 85% in 2000 to 65% in 2010, which means that 35% of
exports tended to overlap, compared to only 15% ten years earlier.5 Intensifying global
competition means that competitive advantages are more fluid than they used to be, requiring
PARAGRAPH ELEVEN
The rationale of the emerging new economy is greatly influenced by ongoing cultural and
structural shifts, some of which are induced by technology, while others result from broader
societal trends. Their effect is profound, from the changing nature of work and its growing
fluidity to the emergence of a sharing economy. In particular, the consumer and user
perspectives – already central to current economic relations – will become dominant even in
business-to-business transactions.
Products are increasingly tailored to individual consumers’ needs and desires through
processes such as ‘additive manufacturing’. Consumers will move from being objects of
economic exchanges to active agents. This trend is already underway, as exemplified by the
technologies are progressively modernising the energy system by easing the way for a novel
will become a service and not just a supplied commodity, providing new opportunities for
WORKSHOP "PRODUCTS AND SERVICES"
energy service providers and aggregators, and giving life to new digital products, such as
smart meters. These developments will transform the business model of energy utilities,
to produce a more versatile, creative and interactive economy where value increasingly lies
in the interoperability between products and services. Combining products and services has
become the new normal as design, marketing, insurance and after-sale servicing are
inseparable parts of the offering that the consumer demands and expects. As a result,
manufacturing firms have incorporated strong service components into the way they operate
while services firms have sought to benefit from economies of scale, traditionally more
characteristic of the manufacturing world. Business models that contribute to the integration
of products and services are increasingly crucial for competitiveness and productivity.
PARAGRAPH TWELVE
The fusion of product and service markets will continue to have a profound impact. The
world economy will move from static products and services to smart and interactive ones.
This means that new ways need to be explored with respect to the design and labelling of
products. Products are becoming ‘smarter’, more capable of autonomously addressing and
‘Smart’ coffee machines, for example, have built-in sensors that automatically signal to the
local brand store the need for repair. The user therefore does not only purchase a product a
coffee machine – but also a service, the promise of maintenance whenever necessary.
The modern economy is having substantial changes in many aspects, digital evolution has
drastically increased the scope, flexibility and agility of small and large companies.
Technology is transforming the way we interact and communicate by putting new skills at
The products and services in the market must be attractive for the consumer and generate the
majority of the added value in growth and employment. New technologies allow the creation
of different tools, through innovation it is now possible to mangle mobile phones from a
computer. Technology plays an important role in the development of small and large
Three factors combine to reshape the foundations of the modern economy. First, the digital
revolution dramatically augments the reach, flexibility and agility of companies, big and
companies that are born global. Second, international competition draws millions of new
workers and consumers into what is increasingly a ‘race to the top’, rather than a ‘race to the
and skills acquisition. Third, cultural and structural trends change the nature of socio-
Tres factores se combinan para remodelar los cimientos de la economía moderna. En primer
las empresas, grandes y pequeñas, creando nuevos actores económicos, como las
consumidores a lo que cada vez es más una “carrera hacia la cima” que una “carrera hacia
ofrecida por los servicios de un solo clic o la interoperabilidad perfecta entre productos y
dispositivos electrónicos.
WORKSHOP "PRODUCTS AND SERVICES"
✓CONSUMERS: Consumidores.
✓DRAMATICALLY: Dramáticamente.
✓EMERGING: Emergentes.
✓INTEROPEBILITY: Interoperabilidad.
✓OFFERED: Ofrecido.
✓SUCH: Tal.
✓TRENDS: Tendencias