Energy Efficient Plant Design Approaches Case Study of The Sample Building of The Energy Efficiency Training Facilities
Energy Efficient Plant Design Approaches Case Study of The Sample Building of The Energy Efficiency Training Facilities
Energy Efficient Plant Design Approaches Case Study of The Sample Building of The Energy Efficiency Training Facilities
1
The most important studies into the production of clean
Abstract—Nowadays, due to the growing problems of energy energy are those which focus on the development of new
supply and the drastic reduction of natural non-renewable resources, technologies (wind turbines, photovoltaic panels, etc.) in order
the development of new applications in the energy sector and steps to use renewable energy (sun, wind, etc.) resources. However,
towards greater efficiency in energy consumption are required. Since
buildings account for a large share of energy consumption, increasing
due to high installation costs, limited production capacities and
the structural density of buildings causes an increase in energy difficulty in the storage of the energy produced, production
consumption. This increase in energy consumption means that energy systems for these clean energy resources are not currently
efficiency approaches to building design and the integration of new commonly used. The problems encountered during the
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systems using emerging technologies become necessary in order to production of clean energy shows that considering the
curb this consumption. As new systems for productive usage of consumption of the energy is as important as its production
generated energy are developed, buildings that require less energy to
operate, with rational use of resources, need to be developed. One
[19].
solution for reducing the energy requirements of buildings is through Energy consumption increases with urbanization, settlement
landscape planning, design and application. Requirements such as and modernization of living conditions. Increases in energy
heating, cooling and lighting can be met with lower energy consumption raise the supply price of energy. This situation
consumption through planting design, which can help to achieve makes it essential to find solutions that will reduce the need for
more efficient and rational use of resources. Within this context, energy, and to design highly efficient appliances. Highly
rather than a planting design which considers only the ecological and
aesthetic features of plants, these considerations should also extend to
efficient designs are now the preference for almost all
spatial organization whereby the relationship between the site and equipment from household appliances to cars and are becoming
open spaces in the context of climatic elements and planting designs an integral part of our lives. Today, changes in living standards
are taken into account. In this way, the planting design can serve an as part of economic concerns and ecological awareness are also
additional purpose. In this study, a landscape design which takes into affecting the selection of houses. Housing projects which utilize
consideration location, local climate morphology and solar angle will sun and wind energy and take advantage of climatic conditions
be illustrated on a sample building project.
within the region have gained in prominence and value.
Keywords—Energy efficiency, landscape design, plant design, For greenhouse designs it is also important to plan vegetal
xeriscape landscape. arrangements so as to minimize energy consumption and enable
the remaining energy to be used efficiently [13]. The purpose of
I. INTRODUCTION this study is to create a proper vegetal design model for a
sample building project by considering the selection of plant
E NERGY is the most important input for economic and
social development, and hence it has been a critical factor
in both the developing and developed world since the Industrial
species, composition of the plants, ecological adaption,
isolation, the building-plant relationship, climatic components
Revolution. Due to the ever increasing demands for energy over and the basic properties that the buildings have. In the study,
the industrialization period, rapid consumption of those energy effective energy design strategies have been defined by
resources that have been the most economical and readily evaluating approaches from different professional disciplines
available has occurred, with the primary resources being non- within the same area. Within the scope of the study, some
renewable natural energy resources such as petrol, gas, and coal, examples of prior studies have been evaluated with regard to
etc. This heavy use of natural resources has led to ecological their application to efficient energy design strategies by
problems and changes which are now being felt on a global considering climatic conditions, seasonal changes, properties of
scale, meaning that the problem of energy supply and demand the field and its neighborhood, and position of the location.
can no longer be considered on a local scale [8]. These changes
II. ENERGY EFFICIENT DESIGN STRATEGIES
have led international environmental organizations and local
authorities to begin jointly considering the production and The use of green buildings is increasing on a daily basis, and
consumption of energy not only from an economic perspective, it is important to note that their application should be considered
but also from an ecological one [1]. from a different perspective to that of traditional building
designs [12].
Idil Kanter Otcu is with the Department of Landscape Architecture,
In energy efficient building designs, the primary objective
Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey (e-mail: [email protected]). and aims should be to ascertain at the beginning of the project
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World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
Vol:10, No:11, 2016
what materials are to be used in the building, the energy should be put into practice today as the entire world faces an
resources and potentials related to the area, the regional climate energy supply crisis.
and microclimate, the solar access and insolation status of the
building location, as well as the available wind power. These
should be determined by means of analyses carried out in the
region [10]. The objective of such analyses is to determine an
appropriate design to achieve effective utilization of energy
resources and facilitate the minimization of energy
consumption. Energy efficient designs for the structure or its
vicinity can only be achieved through energy efficient design
strategies that have been produced subsequent to the analysis
and evaluation work carried out in the area.
Energy efficient design strategies should be applied on a Fig. 1 Building insolation status in summer and winter seasons with
building with an integrated perspective throughout the process energy efficiency plant design approach [14]
so that they can be efficient in the subject structure and that the
Vertical and roof gardens are another example of energy
desired outcome can be achieved. In this regard, the application
efficient plant designs for structures. Vertical garden (planting
of energy efficient plant designs to the vicinity of a structure
on the façade surface) and roof garden designs prevent the
originally designed with energy efficiency in mind facilitates a
transfer of solar energy from the structures façade or roof to the
more productive outcome compared to energy efficient plant
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Vol:10, No:11, 2016
helps keep indoors warmer while consuming less energy to do III. RESEARCH METHOD
so. In this regard, vertical gardens are not only a feature for In light of the examined energy efficient design strategies
aesthetics but also a system with functional characteristics. discussed above, samples of applicable designs will now be
C. Efficient Use of Water in Plant Design demonstrated. A case study will be presented for the area at and
Another issue as critical as energy supply nowadays, is the around the Sample Building of the Energy Efficiency Training
rapidly diminishing amount of utility water available, which Facilities owned by the General Directorate of Renewable
Energy. This Directorate is affiliated with the Ministry of
causes an increase in the amount of energy consumed for
supplying water. Accordingly, it is important to identify and use Energy and Natural Resources of the Republic of Turkey, and is
plant types that naturally consume less water (Xeriscape plant located on Eskişehir Road in Ankara. Accordingly, the review
types) within the landscape design. of domestic and international studies made on the efficient use
of energy and determination of required approaches constitutes
the first phase of this study. The method used for this study is to
apply the approaches that were identified above to the sample
building and be assessed based on the visual data, examinations,
individual discussions and sampling arising from an ecological
study.
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International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
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The research carried out has revealed that the plant material
around the building is composed of the plant types that existed
in the region during the structural projection phase. No energy
efficiency related arrangements have been made in the vicinity
of the sample building in this regard.
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TABLE I
CLIMATE OF THE ANKARA CITY (1954- 2013) [3]
Ankara Jnr Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Agu Sep Oct Now Dec
The Average Values (1954-2013)
AVG Temp (0C) 0,4 1,9 6,1 11,3 16,2 20,2 23,6 23,3 18,7 13,1 7 2,6
AVG MAx Temp (0C) 4,4 6,5 11,7 17,2 22,3 26,7 30,2 30,2 25,9 19,9 12,9 6,6
AVG Min Temp (0C) -3 -2,2 1 5,6 9,7 13,1 16 16 11,7 7,3 2,5 -0,6
AVG DUR of SI (hour) 2,5 3,5 5,2 6,3 6,4 10,2 11,4 11 9,2 6,5 4,4 2,3
AVG NUM of RD 12,2 11 10,9 11,9 12,5 6,6 3,7 2,8 3,9 6,8 8,5 11,8
AVG of MLY TTL P (kg/m2) 42,2 37 38,8 47,7 49,7 35 14,5 10,5 19,2 29,4 32,6 45,4
The lowest and the highest values for many years (1954-2013)
HIGHEST TEMP 17 20 26 31 33 37 41 40 36 32 24 20
LOWEST TEMP -21,4 -21,5 -19,2 -6,7 -1,6 3,8 4,5 6,3 2,5 -4,1 -10,5 -17,2
AVG= average, TEMP = Temperature, MAX = maximum, MIN = minimum, DUR = duration, SI = solar insolation, NUM = number, RD = rainy days, MLY
= monthly, TTL = total, P = precipitation.
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