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    Week2 Discrete Math

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    jymrprzbtst
    This document provides an overview of sets and set theory. It defines what a set is as an unordered collection of objects. It introduces some common set notations like curly braces and the element symbol ∈. It also covers special sets like the empty set and universal set. Finally, it discusses set operations like union and intersection and uses Venn diagrams to visually represent relationships between sets.

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    Week2 Discrete Math

    Uploaded by

    jymrprzbtst
    58 views11 pages
    This document provides an overview of sets and set theory. It defines what a set is as an unordered collection of objects. It introduces some common set notations like curly braces and the element symbol ∈. It also covers special sets like the empty set and universal set. Finally, it discusses set operations like union and intersection and uses Venn diagrams to visually represent relationships between sets.

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    This document provides an overview of sets and set theory. It defines what a set is as an unordered collection of objects. It introduces some common set notations like curly braces and the element symbol ∈. It also covers special sets like the empty set and universal set. Finally, it discusses set operations like union and intersection and uses Venn diagrams to visually represent relationships between sets.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    58 views11 pages

    Week2 Discrete Math

    Uploaded by

    jymrprzbtst
    This document provides an overview of sets and set theory. It defines what a set is as an unordered collection of objects. It introduces some common set notations like curly braces and the element symbol ∈. It also covers special sets like the empty set and universal set. Finally, it discusses set operations like union and intersection and uses Venn diagrams to visually represent relationships between sets.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 11

    WEEK 2

    SETS

    CS-6105 Discrete Mathematics


    WEEK 2 : SETS
    Module Learning Outcomes:

    By the end of this module, a student is able to:


    1. Understand the fundamentals of Sets and its importance.
    2. Interpret notations properly.
    3. Identify the proper symbol and operation for the sets.
    Topics Covered

    • Sets
    - Set Notation
    - Special Sets
    - Set theory and Symbols
    SETS
    - Operation on Sets
    - Venn Diagrams
    SETS
    The most fundamental objects we will use in our studies (and really in all of math) are sets.
    Much of what follows might be review, but it is very important that you are fluent in the language
    of set theory. Most of the notation we use below is standard, although some might be a little
    different than what you have seen before.

    For us, a set will simply be an unordered collection of objects. Two examples: we could
    consider the set of all actors who have played The Doctor on Doctor Who, or the set of natural
    numbers between 1 and 10 inclusive. In the first case, Tom Baker is a element (or member) of the
    set, while Idris Elba, among many others, is not an element of the set. Also, the two examples are
    of different sets. Two sets are equal exactly if they contain the exact same elements. For example,
    the set containing all of the vowels in the declaration of independence is precisely the same set as
    the set of vowels in the word “questionably” (namely, all of them); we do not care about order or
    repetitions, just whether the element is in the set or not.
    NOTATIONS
    We need some notation to make talking about sets easier. Consider

    This is read, “A is the set containing the elements 1, 2 and 3.” We use curly braces “{, }” to
    enclose elements of a set. Some more notation:

    The symbol “∈” is read “is in” or “is an element of.” Thus the above means that a is an element of
    the set containing the letters a, b, and c. Note that this is a true statement. It would also be true
    to say that d is not in that set:
    SPECIAL SETS
    SET THEORY NOTATION
    SET THEORY NOTATION
    OPERATION ON SETS
    Union of Two Sets Intersection of Sets

    Complement of a Set Set Difference


    VENN DIAGRAM
    There is a very nice visual tool we can use to represent operations on sets. A Venn
    diagram displays sets as intersecting circles. We can shade the region we are talking about when
    we carry out an operation. We can also represent cardinality of a particular set by putting the
    number in the corresponding region.

    Each circle represents a set. The rectangle containing the circles represents the universe.
    To represent combinations of these sets, we shade the corresponding region.
    END

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