EiMAS Training Material

Course Title: Certification Course for Scheduled Waste Managers

Module 3 : Introduction to Scheduled Waste Legislations and Policy OVERVIEW

MODULE OVERVIEW

Course Title Certified Environmental Professional in Schedule Waste

Management

Course CePSWaM
Abbreviation

Module Title Scheduled Wates Regulations

Module No. 3

Objectives The participants will be able to:

 Understand the legislations and policies of scheduled
waste in Malaysia; and
 Know related guidelines pertaining to scheduled waste
management

Contents TEXT : 38 PAGES

Duration 3 hrs

Certification Course Environment Institute of Malaysia,

Department of Environment
EiMAS Training Material
Course Title: Certified Environmental Professional in Schedule Waste Management
Module 3: Scheduled Wates Regulations
TOC

TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.0 Scheduled Wates Regulations 1

3.1 INTRODUCTION 1
3.1.1 What is a Scheduled Waste? 1
3.1.2 Categories of Scheduled Wastes 2
3.1.3 The Environmental Quality Act 1974 (EQA) 3
3.1.4 The Environmental Quality (Scheduled Waste)
Regulations 2005 3

3.2 DOE’S POLICIES ON SCHEDULED WASTES 4

3.2.1 Issurance of Transport License 4
3.2.2 License of Facility 4
3.2.3 Import/Export Permit 5

3.3 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC

WASTES 5
3.3.1 Introduction 5
3.3.2 Legal Context: Environmental Quality Act 1974 and Environmental
Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005 6
3.3.3 Hazardous Constituents 6
3.3.4 Faults Indicating Electronic Equipment Is Wastes 7
3.3.5 Electrical Wastes 7
3.3.6 References 7

3.4 GUIDELINES FOR THE APPLICATION OF SPECIAL MANAGEMENT OF

SCHEDULED WASTE 8
3.4.1 Introduction 8
3.4.2 Information Required 8

APPENDIX I : HAZARDOUS CHARACTERISTIC OF WASTE 9

APPENDIX II : PROPERTIES OF WASTE WHICH RENDER THEM HAZARDOUS 14
APPENDIX III: PERCENTAGE LIMITS WHICH RENDER WASTE HAZARDOUS 16
APPENDIX IV: APPLICATION FOR SPECIAL MANAGEMENT OF SCHEDULED
WASTE UNDER REGULATION 7, ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY (SCHEDULED WASTE) REGULATION 2005 19

3.5 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN 23

3.5.1 Generator Control 23
3.5.2 Orderly Work Area 23
3.5.3 Aisle Space 23
Certification Course Environment Institute of Malaysia,
Department of Environment
EiMAS Training Material
Course Title: Certified Environmental Professional in Schedule Waste Management
Module 3: Scheduled Wates Regulations
TOC

3.5.4 Container Selection 23

3.5.6 Closed Containers 24
3.5.7 Filling of Containers 24
3.5.8 Secondary Containment 24
3.5.9 Clean Containers 24
3.5.10 Container Markings 24
3.5.11 Quantity and Time Limits 25
3.5.12 Waste Record 25
3.5.13 Weather Protection 25
3.5.14 Access Security 26
3.5.15 Prevention of Fire, Explosion and Accidental Reaction 26
3.5.16 Emergency Preparedness 27
3.5.17 Contigency Plan 27

3.6 GUIDELINES FOR THE PACKAGING, LABELLING, STORAGE AND

TRANSPORTATION OF SCHEDULED WASTE 28
3.6.1 Introduction 28
3.6.2 Packaging Requirements 28
3.6.3 Types of Packaging 28
3.6.4 Standard Packaging 29
3.6.5 Materials for Packaging 30
3.6.6 Identification of Waste Properties 30
3.6.7 Labelling of Containers 31
3.6.8 The Waste Card 32
3.6.9 Storage 33
3.6.10 Site Selection Criteria 34
3.6.11 Design 34
3.6.12 Transportation 34
3.6.13 Record Keeping 35
3.6.14 Storage Area Inspection 37

Certification Course Environment Institute of Malaysia,

Department of Environment
EiMAS Training Material
Course Title: Certified Environmental Professional in Schedule Waste Management
Module 3: Legislations related to Scheduled Wates PAGE 1

MODULE 3

3.0 Scheduled Wates Regulations

3.1 Introduction

This Module contains information on the scheduled wastes management

including:
 What is a Scheduled Waste?
 Categories of Scheduled Waste
 Scheduled Wastes Regulation
- Requirements for Scheduled Waste Generators, Transporters
and Receivers
- Requirements for Treatment, Storage, and Disposal. The
Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005
are regulations to manage scheduled wastes from "the cradle to
the grave". Under this mandate, DOE has developed strict
requirements for all aspects of scheduled wastes management
including the treatment, storage, and disposal of scheduled
wastes.
- Notification
- Inventory
- Application for Special Management
- Training, etc.

3.1.1 What is a Scheduled Waste?

In regulatory terms, a scheduled waste is the waste that listed in the First
Schedule of Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005.

In general terms, a waste that listed in the schedule is classified as a toxic or

hazardous waste with properties that make it dangerous or potentially harmful
to human health or the environment. The universe of this toxic or hazardous
wastes is large and diverse. These wastes can be liquids, solids, contained
gases, or sludges. These can be the by-products of manufacturing processes
or simply discarded commercial products, like cleaning fluids or pesticides or
exhibits at least one of four characteristics—ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity,
or toxicity.

Certification Course Environment Institute of Malaysia,

Department of Environment
EiMAS Training Material
Course Title: Certified Environmental Professional in Schedule Waste Management
Module 3: Legislations related to Scheduled Wates PAGE 2

3.1.2 Categories of Scheduled Wastes

By definition, Department of Environment (DOE) determined that some

wastes are toxic or hazardous. These wastes that listed in the First Schedule
are categorised into five groups:

 Group 1: Metal and metal-bearing wastes.

 Group 2: Wastes containing principally inorganic
constituents which may contain metals and organic
materials
 Group 3: Wastes containing principally organic constituents
which may contain metals and inorganic materials.
 Group 4: Wastes which may contain either inorganic or
organic constituents.
 Group 5: Other wastes

Waste that does not include in the Schedule may still be considered a
hazardous waste if exhibits one of the four characteristics i.e. ignitability,
corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity;

 Ignitability – Ignitable wastes can create fires under certain

conditions, are spontaneously combustible, or
have a flash point less than 60 °C (140 °F).
Examples include waste oils and used solvents;
 Corrosivity – Corrosive wastes are acids or bases (pH less
than or equal to 2, or greater than or equal to
12.5) that are capable of corroding metal
containers, such as storage tanks, drums, and
barrels. Battery acid is an example;
 Reactivity – Reactive wastes are unstable under "normal"
conditions. They can cause explosions, toxic
fumes, gases, or vapours when heated,
compressed, or mixed with water. Examples
include lithium-sulphur batteries and explosives;
and
 Toxicity – Toxic wastes are harmful or fatal when ingested
or absorbed (e.g., containing mercury, lead, etc.).
When toxic wastes are land disposed,
contaminated liquid may leach from the waste
and pollute ground water. Toxicity is defined
through a laboratory procedure called the
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure
(TCLP). The TCLP helps identify wastes likely to
leach concentrations of contaminants that may
be harmful to human health or the environment.
For more information on the rules and

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regulations pertaining to hazardous waste

management, visit:

3.1.3 The Environmental Quality Act 1974 (EQA)

The relevant provisions under the Act pertaining to scheduled wastes are the
followings:

 Section 34B: Prohibition against any placement, deposition or

disposal, etc. without prior written approval by the Director-
General of the Environment.
 Section 38: Power to detain, board and investigate vehicles
used in transporting scheduled wastes.
 Section 46A: Power to seize
 Section 46B: Power to forfeit
 Section 47: Power to recover cost

3.1.4 The Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005

The Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005 came into

force on the 15 August 2005.
With this Regulation enabled DoE to make improvements, both to streamline
the controls in the interests of better regulation but also to ensure that the
requirements of scheduled wastes are more effectively implemented, and that
the environment is fully safeguarded.

Content:
Interpretation (Reg. 2)
Notification of the generation of scheduled wastes ((Reg. 3)
Disposal of scheduled wastes (Reg. 4)
Treatment of scheduled wastes (Reg. 5)
Recovery of material or product from scheduled wastes (Reg. 6)
Application for special management of scheduled wastes (Reg. 7)
Responsibility of waste generator (Reg. 8)
Storage scheduled wastes (Reg. 9)
Labeling of scheduled wastes (Reg. 10)
First Schedule (Reg. 2)
Second Schedule (Reg. 3)
Third Schedule (Reg. 10)
Fourth Schedule (Reg. 2)
Fifth Schedule (Reg. 11)
Sixth Schedule (Reg. 12)
Seventh Schedule (Reg. 13)
Inventory of scheduled wastes (Reg. 11)
Information to be provided (Reg. 12)
Information to be accompanied (Reg. 13)

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Course Title: Certified Environmental Professional in Schedule Waste Management
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Spillage or accidental discharges (Reg. 14)

Training (Reg. 15)

The detail for each sub-content is provided in the Regulation [please refer to
the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005].

3.2 DOE’S POLICIES ON SCHEDULED WASTES

3.2.1 Issuance of Transport Licence

 Transport licence only given to those who own recovery or recycling

facilities;
 Containers of to be recycled by the manufacturers or suppliers, and
immediately refilled with the same chemicals are allowed to be taken
back by the manufactures or suppliers. Transport licence is not
required for this; and
 Vehicles used to carry scheduled wastes approved for special
management are not required to have DoE transport licence for
scheduled wastes.

3.2.2 Licence for Facility

 No off-site storage facility can be allowed located in Peninsular

Malaysia. As for Sabah and Sarawak, the setting-up off-site storage
facility can be allowed;
 DoE may consider allowing off-site storage facility to be set-up by the
recycler based on the following criteria:

 Limited type of waste.

 Recycler’s own waste.
 Limited quantity.
 Storage period shall not exceed 180 days.
 Sitting and design of the storage facility shall be approved by DoE.
 For setting up this facility is not required EIA. Written permission
(KB) will do.

 No off-site scheduled waste incinerator is allowed to be set-up in

Peninsular Malaysia;
 Partial and full recovery facilities of which have been collecting or
recovering SW110 wastes before 15 August 2005, do not require EIA.
These facilities require only KB and licence;
 No secure landfill is allowed to set-up in Peninsular Malaysia; and
 Scheduled waste codes SW311, SW421 and SW322 are only meant
for final disposal. SW311 is referring to waste oil oily sludge originated

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Course Title: Certified Environmental Professional in Schedule Waste Management
Module 3: Legislations related to Scheduled Wates PAGE 5

from off-shore activities. Whereas, SW421 and SW422 are just too
general.

3.2.3 Import/Export Permit

 Import/export shall in compliance with the requirements as specified in

Basel Convention on Trans-boundary Movements of Hazardous
Wastes;
 Export permit of scheduled wastes will not be issued by DoE if a local
facility has the capacity and capability to do the recycling or recovery or
re-use;
 Importation of used computers and other related equipments for repair
and refurbishment are not controlled as scheduled wastes; and
 Import of scheduled wastes is only allowed for recycling, recovering
and utilising (as raw material) purpose.

3.3 GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC

WASTES

3.3.1 Introduction

Used electrical and electronic assemblies (e-wastes) are considered as

scheduled wastes under the code SW 110, First Schedule, Environmental
Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005. The SW110 wastes in the
Regulation are defined as wastes from electrical and electronic assemblies
containing components such as accumulators, mercury-switches, glass from
cathode-ray tubes and other activated glass or polychlorinated biphenyl-
capacitors, or contaminated with cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel, chromium,
copper, lithium, silver, manganese or polychlorinated biphenyls.

The SW110 wastes are also listed and controlled under Basel Convention. As
Malaysia is one of the parties in Basel Convention, therefore, the importation
and exportation of such wastes have to follow the procedures of the
Convention.

Importation or exportation of scheduled waste without prior written approval

from Department of Environment may result in severe penalties, including
fines or imprisonment for the importers or exporters.

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3.3.2 Legal Context: Environmental Quality Act 1974 and Environmental

Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005

The control of scheduled wastes is clearly mentioned under Section 34B,

Environmental Quality Act 1974, and Environmental Quality (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations 2005. The electrical and electronic wastes are controlled
under the code SW110.

The SW 110 wastes under the Regulation do not cover the followings:

 Electrical and electronic assemblies consisting only of metals and

alloys. However, metals that are plated, coated or layered with solder or
Nickel are classified as SW110;
 Waste electrical and electronic assemblies or scrap (including printed
circuit board) not containing components such as accumulators,
mercury-switches, glass from cathode-ray tubes and other activated
glass and polychlorinated biphenyls capacitors, or not contaminated
with constituents such as cadmium, mercury, lead, or polychlorinated
biphenyl or from which these have been removed, to an extent that they
do not possess any hazardous characteristics;
 Electrical and electronic assemblies (including printed circuit boards,
electronic components and wires) destined for direct re-use, and not for
recycling or final disposal. Re-use can include repair, refurbishment or
upgrading, but not major re-assembly;
 Electrical and electronic products made in Malaysia that rejected by the
importing countries for various reasons;
 Liquid Electrolyte Display (LED);
 Used electronic products or components, including the imported
products and components, that subjected for minor repair,
refurbishment, and reused for raw material;
 Blank printed circuit boards; and
 Blank wafers or non-patterned wafers or test wafers.

3.3.3 Hazardous Constituents

Most used electronic equipment will contain hazardous components. This

waste is therefore assumed to be scheduled waste unless it can be shown
that it does not contain any of the following:

 Lead-containing glass from cathode ray tubes;

 Nickel-cadmium batteries;
 Selenium drums which contain selenium; selenium compounds;
 Printed circuit board with components that normally containing beryllium
or beryllium compounds, antimony; antimony compounds, lead; lead
compounds, and beryllium in copper alloys connectors ;

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 Fluorescent tubes and backlight lamps from Liquid Crystal Displays

(LCD) which contain mercury; mercury compounds; and
 Plastic components containing Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs)

3.3.4 Faults Indicating Electronic Equipment Is Waste

Electronic equipment is defined as waste if it has any of the following:

(a) A defect that materially affects its functionality. For example it does not:

 power up;
 perform BIOS or internal set-up routines or self-checks fail;
 have a functioning motherboard;
 communicate with the host;
 print/scan/copy a test page or the page is not identifiable or readable or
is blurred or lined; or
 read, write or record/burn.

(b) Physical damage that impairs its functionality or safety, as defined in

relevant standards. Physical damage includes:

 a screen that has physical damage, such as burn marks, or is broken,

cracked, heavily scratched or marked, or that materially distorts image
quality; or
(i) A signal (input) cable has been cut off or cannot be easily replaced
without recourse to opening the case;
(ii) a faulty hard disc drive and a faulty RAM and a faulty Video Card;
(iii) batteries made with lead, mercury or cadmium or batteries
containing hazardous liquid cathodes that are unable to be
charged or to hold power; or
(iv) Insufficient packaging to protect it from damage during
transportation, loading and unloading operations.

3.3.5 Electrical Wastes

Faulty electrical equipment or components are not allowed to be imported to

Malaysia.

3.3.6 References

1. Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movements of

Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal.

2. Australian Government Used Electronic Equipment, Criteria for Export

and Import of Used Electronic Equipment.

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3. Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005

3.4 GUIDELINES FOR THE APPLICATION OF SPECIAL MANAGEMENT OF

SCHEDULED WASTE

3.4.1 Introduction

1. Under Regulation 7 (1), Environmental Quality (Scheduled Waste)

Regulation 2005, a waste generator may apply to the Director General, in
writing, to exclude the scheduled wastes generated from their particular
facility or process from being treated, disposed of or recovered at the
prescribed premises.

2. The general requirements for the application are described in these

guidelines.

3.4.2 Information Required

In order for the application to be considered, scheduled waste generators

must demonstrate that the waste meet all the following conditions:

i) Does not exhibit any of the hazardous characteristics - corrosivity,

ignitability, reactivity, and toxicity, as defined in Appendix I; and
ii) Has been proven by scientific studies or tests on its toxicity and
carcinogenicity and does not have hazardous effects on human
or other life forms as specified in Appendix II, in concentration
which is equal to, or exceeds the percentage limits (percentage
weights) specified in Appendix III. A generator/ applicant shall
submit reports, records or journals in order to prove that the
waste does not exhibit any of the elements mentioned.

The applicant shall provide the information as required in AS WM 1/2005 form

together with processing fee of RM 300.00 which is not refundable (Appendix
IV)

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Appendix I

HAZARDOUS CHARATERISTIC OF WASTE

It is the responsibility of the waste generator to determine whether the waste exhibits
one or more of the following characteristics of hazardous and/or toxicity:

Corrosivity.

A waste exhibits the characteristic of corrosivity if a representative sample of the

waste has either one of the following properties:

(1) It has an aqueous component and has a pH less than or equal to 2, or greater
than or equal to 12.5, as determined by an approved / calibrated pH meter.

(2) It has a liquid component and corrodes steel (SAE 1020) at a rate greater
than 6.35 mm (0.250 inch) per year at a test temperature of 55oC (130oF).

Ignitability.

A waste exhibits the characteristic of ignitability if a representative sample of the

waste has any of the following properties:

(1) If it is a liquid, other than an aqueous solution containing less than 24 percent
alcohol by volume, it has flash point less than 60oC (140oF), as determined by
a Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester or a Setaflash Closed Cup Tester.

(2) If it is not a liquid and is capable, under standard temperature and pressure,
of causing fire through friction, absorption of moisture or spontaneous
chemical changes and, when ignited, burns so vigorously and persistently that
it creates hazard.

(3) It is an ignitable compressed gas.

(4) It is an oxidizer.

Reactivity.

A waste exhibits the characteristic of reactivity if a representative sample of the

waste has any of the following properties:

(1) It is normally unstable and readily undergoes violent changes without

detonating.

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(2) It reacts violently with water.

(3) It forms potentially explosive mixtures with water.

(4) When mixed with water, it generates toxic gases, vapors or fumes in a
quantity sufficient to present a danger to human health or the environment.

(5) It is a cyanide or sulfide bearing waste which, when exposed to pH conditions

between 2 and 12.5, can generate toxic gases, vapors or fumes in a quantity
sufficient to present a danger to human health or the environment.

(6) It is capable of detonation or explosion if subjected to a strong initiating

source or if heated under confinement.

(7) It is readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or reaction at

standard temperature and pressure.

Toxicity

A waste exhibits the characteristic of toxicity if, the extract from a representative
sample of the waste contains any of the contaminants listed in Table 1 and Table 2
at the concentration equal to or greater than the respective value given in that table.

Table 1. Maximum Concentration of Contaminants for the Toxicity Characteristic

Leaching Procedure (TCLP).

DOE CW No. 1 Contaminant CAS No. 2 Maximum Level (mg/L)

C004 Arsenic 7440-38-2 5.0

C005 Barium 7440-39-3 100.0

C018 Benzene 71-43-2 0.5

C006 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0

C019 Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 0.5

C020 Chlordane 57-74-9 0.03

C021 Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 100.0

C022 Chloroform 67-66-3 6.0

C007 Chromium 7440-47-3 5.0

C023 o-Cresol 95-48-7 200.03

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DOE CW No. 1 Contaminant CAS No. 2 Maximum Level (mg/L)

C024 m-Cresol 108-39-4 200.03

C025 p-Cresol 106-44-5 200.03

C026 Cresol 200.03

C016 2,4-D 94-75-7 10.0

C027 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 7.5

C028 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 0.5

C029 1,1-Dichloroethylene 75-35-4 0.7

C030 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 121-14-2 0.13

C012 Endrin 72-20-8 0.02

C031 Heptachlor (and its 76-44-8 0.008

epoxide)

C032 Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 0.13

C033 Hexachlorobutadiene 87-68-3 0.5

C034 Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 3.0

C008 Lead 7439-92-1 5.0

C013 Lindane 58-89-9 0.4

C009 Mercury 7439-97-6 0.2

C014 Methoxychlor 72-43-5 10.0

C035 Methyl ethyl ketone 78-93-3 200.0

C036 Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 2.0

C037 Pentrachlorophenol 87-86-5 100.0

C038 Pyridine 110-86-1 5.0

C010 Selenium 7782-49-2 1.0

C011 Silver 7440-22-4 5.0

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C039 Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 0.7

DOE CW No. 1 Contaminant CAS No. 2 Maximum Level (mg/L)

C015 Toxaphene 8001-35-2 0.5

C040 Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 0.5

C041 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 95-95-4 400.0

C042 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 88-06-2 2.0

C017 2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 93-72-1 1.0

C043 Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 0.2

1
FOOTNOTE: Characteristic waste number.
2
Chemical abstracts service number.
3
If o-, m-, and p-Cresol concentrations cannot be differentiated; the total cresol
(D026) concentration is used. The regulatory level of total cresol is 200 mg/l.

Table 2: Compositional Analysis (Dry Basis)

TTLC STLC
mg/kg mg/L

Metals
Antimony (Sb) 500 15
Arsenic (As) 500 5
Barium (Ba) 10000 100
Berylium (Be) 75 0.75
Cadmium (Cd) 100 1
Chromium (Cr) 2500 5
Chromium-VI (CrVI) 500 5
Cobalt (Co) 8000 80
Copper (Cu) 2500 25
Lead (Pb) 1000 5
Mercury (Hg) 20 0.2
Molybdenum (Mo) 3500 350
Nickel (Ni) 2000 20
Selenium (Se) 100 1
Silver (Ag) 500 5
Thallium (TI) 700 7
Vanadium (V) 2400 24
Zinc (Zn) 5000 250

Semivolatile Organics
Pentachlorophenol 17 1.7

Herbicides

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2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid 100 10

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxypropionic acid (Silvex) 10 1

Volatile Organics
Trichloroethylene 2040 204

Pesticides and PCBs

Aldrin 1.4 0.14
Chlordane 2.5 0.25
DDT, DDE, DDD 1 0.1
Dieldrin 8 0.8
Endrin 0.2 0.02
Heptachlor 4.7 0.47
Kepone 21 2.1
Lindane 4 0.4
Methoxychlor 100 10
Mirex 21 2.1
PCBs 50 5
Toxaphene 5 0.5

Miscellaneous
Asbestos 1%
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) 0.1 0.1
Fluran (2,3,7,8-TCDF) 0.1 0.1
Fluoride salts 18000 180
Organic Lead 13

FOOT NOTE :
STLC : Soluble Threshold Limit Concentration
TTLC : Total Threshold Limit Concentration

METHOD OF SAMPLING AND EXAMINATION

The method of sampling and examination shall be in accordance with the “Test Method For
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods”, USEPA Publication SW-846, Third
Edition and updates.

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Appendix II

PROPERTIES OF WASTES WHICH RENDER THEM HAZARDOUS

Waste is regarded as hazardous if it demonstrates one or more of the following

properties. If the waste contains a mixture with one or more chemical
substances which demonstrate these properties, evaluation shall take into
account the total content of these substances, as specified in Appendix II.

Fire hazard 1. Explosive: solid, liquid, paste-like, or gelatinous substances or products

which, without the effect of flame, can react to produce violent generation
of heat with rapid generation of gas, and which under specific test
conditions detonate and rapidly deflagrate, or when heated impart
confinement, explode.
2. Oxidising: Substances or products which exhibit highly exothermic
reactions when in contact with other substances, particularly flammable
substances.
3. Flammable : Substances or products (including those which are
extremely flammable and highly flammable) which:
 Become hot and finally catch fire in contact with air at ambient
temperature without any application of energy; or
 In solid form may readily catch fire after brief contact with a source of
ignition and which continue to burn or be consumed after the removal of
the source of ignition; or
 In liquid form have a flash point of lower than 0oC and a boiling point
lower than or equals to 35oC (extremely flammable) ; a flash point
below 21oC (highly flammable); a flash point equals to or greater than
21oC and less than or equals to 55oC (flammable); or
 In contact with water or damp air evolve highly flammable gases in
dangerous quantities, or

Health hazard 4. Very toxic: Substances or products which :

 If they are inhaled or ingested, or if they penetrate the skin may involve
extremely serious, acute or chronic health risks or even death; or
 The LD50 absorbed orally in rat is less than 25 mg/kg or the LD-50
percutaneous absorption in rat or rabbit is less than 50 mg/kg or the
LC-50 absorbed by inhalation in rat is less than 0.5 mg/liter
(administered for a minimum period of four hours)

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5. Toxic: Substances or products which :

 If they are inhaled or ingested, or if they penetrate the skin may involve
serious, acute or chronic health risks or even death; or
 The LD50 absorbed orally in rat is between 25 to 200 mg/kg or the LD-
50 percutaneous absorption in rat or rabbit is between 50 to 400 mg/kg
or the LC-50 absorbed by inhalation in rat is between 0.5 to 2 mg/liter
(administered for a minimum period of four hours)

6. Harmful : Substances or products which:

 if they are inhaled or ingested, or if they penetrate the skin may involve
limited health risks; or
 The LD50 absorbed orally in rat is between 200 to 500 mg/kg or the
LD-50 percutaneous absorption in rat or rabbit is between 400 to 2000
mg/kg or the LC-50 absorbed by inhalation in rat is between 2 to 20
mg/liter (administered for a minimum period of four hours)
7. Corrosive: Substances or products which may destroy living tissue on
contact.
8. Irritant: Substances or products which, without being corrosive, may
cause inflammation through immediate, prolonged or repeated contact with
the skin or mucous membrane.
9. Carcinogenic: Substances or products which if they are inhaled or
ingested, or if they penetrate the skin, may induce cancer or increases its
incidence.
Harmful to the 10. Ecotoxic: Substances or products which present, or may present
environment immediate or delayed risks for one or more segment of the environment.
Infectious 11. Infectious: Substances containing micro-organisms or their toxins
which are known or reliably believed to cause disease in man or other
living organisms.

1.1 Method of examination

In testing for characteristics 1 to 11, the method of examination used shall be

as stated in the following European Community (EC) Directives:

i. Council Directive 87/302/European Economic Commission (EEC)1 for toxicity

and ecotoxicity tests;
ii. Council Directive 92/69/EEC2 for physical, chemical, toxicity and ecotoxicity
tests; and
iii. Council Directive 96/54/EC3 for toxicity and health effects tests.
_______________________________
1
Official Journal (OJ) No. L133 30/5/1998
2
OJ No. L383 29/12/1992
3
OJ No. L248 30/9/1996

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Appendix III

Percentage limits which render waste hazardous

Waste is hazardous under all circumstances if:

 The sum of the composite, or one or more chemical substance(s) which exhibit
the characteristics specified in the Appendix III amounts to a concentration
which is equal to, or exceeds, the following percentage limits (percentage
weights):

1.1.1 Characteristic %
Highly toxic (R26, R27, R28, R39)1) 0.1
Toxic (R23, R24, R25)1) 3
Toxic (R48, R39)1) 1
Health hazard (R20, R21, R22)1) 25
Health hazard (R48)1) 10
Corrosive (R35)1) 1
Corrosive (R34)1) 5
Irritant (R36, R37, R38)1) 20
Irritant (R41)1) 5
Carcinogenic, category 1 or 2 (R45, R49)1) 0.12)
Carcinogenic, category 3 (R40)1) 12)
Mutagenic, category 1 or 2 (R46)1) 0.12)
Mutagenic, category 3 (R40)1) 12)
___________________________________________________________________
___
1
) Refer to the Department of Occupational Safety and Health’s prevailing regulations
on Classification, Packaging and Labeling of Hazardous Chemicals, namely the
Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and Labeling of
Hazardous Chemicals) Regulations 1997 or EC Council Directive 91/689/EEC.
2
) Concentration limits apply to individual chemical substances with the relevant
characteristics.

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SINGLE RISK PHRASES

Risk Phrase Risk Phrase
Reference
No.

R1 Explosive when dry

R2 Risk of explosion by shock, fire or other sources of ignition
R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of
ignition
R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds
R5 Heating may cause an explosion
R6 Explosive with or without contact with air
R7 May cause fire
R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire
R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible materials
R10 Flammable
R11 Highly flammable
R12 Extremely flammable
R13 Extremely flammable liquefied gas
R14 Reacts violently with water
R15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases
R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances
R17 Spontaneously flammable in air
R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture
R19 May form explosive peroxides
R20 Harmful by inhalation
R21 Harmful in contact with skin
R22 Harmful if swallowed
R23 Toxic by inhalation
R24 Toxic in contact with skin
R25 Toxic if swallowed
R26 Very toxic by inhalation
R27 Very toxic in contact with skin
R28 Very toxic if swallowed
R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gas
R30 Can become highly flammable in use
R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas
R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas
R33 Danger of cumulative effects
R34 Causes burns

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R35 Causes severe burns

R36 Irritating to eyes
R37 Irritating to respiratory system
R38 Irritating to skin
R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects
R40 Possible risk of irreversible effects
R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes
R42 May cause sensitisation by inhalation
R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact
Risk Phrase Risk Phrase
Reference
No.

R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement

R45 May cause cancer
R46 May cause heritable genetic damage
R47 May cause birth defects
R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
R49 May cause cancer by inhalation
R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms
R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms
R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms
R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
R54 Toxic to flora
R55 Toxic to fauna
R56 Toxic to soil organisms
R57 Toxic to bees
R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment
R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer

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Appendix IV

(AS. WM-1/2005)

PERMOHONAN UNTUK PENGURUSAN KHAS BUANGAN TERJADUAL DI

BAWAH PERATURAN 7, PERATURAN - PERATURAN KUALITI ALAM
SEKELILING (BUANGAN TERJADUAL) 2005
APPLICATION FOR SPECIAL MANAGEMENT OF SCHEDULED WASTE UNDER
REGULATION 7, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (SCHEDULED WASTES)
REGULATIONS 2005

A. PENGENALAN
IDENTIFICATION

1. (i) Nama Pemohon:

Name of Applicant

(ii) Alamat Pemohon:

Address of Applicant

(iii) Telefon:
Telephone

(iv) Telefaks:
Telefax

(v) E-mail:

2. (i) Nama Premis:

Name of Premises

(ii) Alamat Premis:

Address of Premises

(iii) Telefon:
Telephone

(iv) Telefaks:
Telefax

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(v) E-mail:

B. MAKLUMAT OPERASI
OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

3. Justifikasi permohonan
Justification for application

4. Lampirkan senarai bahan-bahan mentah dan kuantiti yang digunakan

setiap bulan
Attach list of main raw materials and the quantity used per month.

5. Lampirkan senarai hasil dan kuantiti pengeluaran setiap bulan

Attach list of final products and quantity produced per month

6. Lampirkan keterangan proses pengeluaran dan rajah aliran yang

berkaitan
Attach description of production processes and the relevant flow
diagrams

7. Penjelasan samada buangan terjadual dihasilkan daripada proses

perkilangan atau proses loji pengolahan air buangan, pemprosesan
bahan, operasi pengurusan buangan dan lain-lain operasi yang boleh
menyumbang kepada terhasilnya buangan terjadual.
Clarify whether the scheduled waste is generated from manufacturing
process or wastewater treatment process, process materials, waste
management operations and other operations that might contribute
to the scheduled waste generation.

C. PENGURUSAN BUANGAN TERJADUAL YANG DIPOHON

MANAGEMENT OF SCHEDULED WASTE CONCERNED

8. Keterangan mengenai buangan terjadual yang dipohon untuk

pengurusan khas, kategori dan kuantiti buangan terjadual
Description of the specific scheduled waste applied for the special
management, scheduled waste category and quantity

9. Maklumat penghasilan buangan terjadual (Tiga tahun terakhir)

Information on scheduled waste generation (last three years)

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10. Jumlah buangan – purata dan jumlah maksimum buangan yang

dihasilkan mengikut bulan atau tahun.
Waste volume-average and maximum volume of waste generated
monthly or annually.

11. Kaedah pelupusan buangan terjadual (Tiga tahun terakhir)

Waste disposal method (Last three years)

12. Huraian terperinci cadangan bagaimana buangan terjadual akan

diuruskan
Describe in detail on how the scheduled waste will be managed
D. PENYENARAIAN SEMUA BAHAN BERBAHAYA
LIST OF ALL HAZARDOUS CONSTITUENTS

13. Menjalankan analisis bagi mengenalpasti sebarang bahan kimia

berbahaya yang mungkin wujud dalam buangan
Conduct an analysis to identify any hazardous constituents that may
be present in the waste.

14. Mengenalpasti mana-mana bahan yang mana kajian terperinci akan

dijalankan berdasarkan kepada senarai
Identify constituents for which detail testing would be conducted,
based on the list.

E. KAWALAN KUALITI
QUALITY CONTROL

15. Huraian program kawalan kualiti bagi kedua-dua aktiviti persampelan

di lapangan dan penganalisaan makmal.
Description of quality control program for both field sampling and
laboratory analysis.

F. MAKLUMAT PERSAMPELAN BUANGAN

WASTE SAMPLING INFORMATION

16. Teknik pengendalian dan penyediaan yang digunakan bagi setiap

sampel dan jenis dan jumlah pengawet yang digunakan.
Handling and preparation techniques used for each sample and types
and amounts of preservatives used.

G. MAKLUMAT ANALISIS BUANGAN

WASTE ANALYSIS INFORMATION

17. Samaada pengambilan sampel mewakili buangan terjadual yang

berubah atau seragam
Whether collected samples represent the variability or uniformity of the
scheduled waste.

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18. Persampelan dijalankan oleh orang yang berkelayakan dan berkecuali

Waste sampling was conducted by qualified and independent
personnel.

H. BAYARAN
FEE

20. Bayaran memproses: RM300.00

Processing Fee

21. Disertakan Kiriman Wang/Wang Pos/Bank Draf bernombor

:_______________ berjumlah RM 300.00 untuk bayaran
memproses
Enclosed Money Order/Postal Order/Bank Draft number
:_________________ of RM 300.00 for the processing fee

Saya, dengan ini mengaku bahawa segala maklumat yang diberi dalam permohonan
ini adalah
benar dan betul sepanjang pengetahuan dan kepercayaan saya.
I, hereby declare that all information given in this application is to the best of my
knowledge and belief true and correct

Tandatangan:
Signature:

Nama:
Name:

Jawatan:
Designation:

Pengesahan:
Certified Stamp:

Tarikh:
Date:

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3.5 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN

3.5.1 Generator Control

Areas must be inspected under the control of the Principal Manager, with only
his/her waste being accumulated at or near the point of generation. No one
else has waste, including abandoned wastes, in that specific location. It must
be clear who is responsible for work areas, or where wastes are coming from.
Implement appropriate controls to ensure areas and wastes are under control
of the responsible manager.

3.5.2 Orderly Work Area

Although a fairly subjective judgment, most work areas can be evaluated as

"reasonably orderly", with demonstrated efforts to minimize the potential for
fire or spill. Remove excessive clutter (papers, dirty glassware, and assorted
"junk") to allow for a safer and more accessible work area.

3.5.3 Aisle Space

Aisle space must be sufficient to allow unobstructed movement of emergency

personnel and equipment to any area to contain or control fires or spills. In
general, this is understood to be a minimum of approximately 30 inches. Work
areas will typically be cited if they have less than 24 inches of aisle space, or
if equipment must be moved to provide sufficient access.
Ensure sufficient aisle space throughout work areas, or sufficient notice of
how access may be made by emergency personnel around obstructions.
Emergency personnel should not be expected to move heavy equipment,
climb over tables, or crawl under equipment.

3.5.4 Container Selection

Containers must be suitable for their contents, including appropriate closures.

Liquids should be in screw-capped bottles, carboys, or drums. Solids may be
in large-mouth jars, sturdy bags, boxes, or drums. Containers must be in good
condition and compatible with their contents. Beverage containers, flasks, and
containers with cork, rubber, or ground glass stoppers are not appropriate for
waste.

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3.5.6 Closed Containers

Containers must be kept closed except when adding or removing material.

Funnels must be of a specific design (fixed lid that ensures closure) if they are
to remain in a container (few funnels of this design have been found to be in
use, and are usually more expensive). Although empty bottles may be allowed
to dry, it is not acceptable to minimize wastes by venting them in a fume hood.
Ensure containers are kept closed with appropriate closures (caps, bungs,
etc.), opening them only when adding or removing wastes. It is advisable a
five-minute “rule”, implying that it should not take more than five minutes to
close a container after adding or removing waste wastes. Beyond these five
minutes, it is likely that the container may be upset, misused, forgotten, or
unattended.

3.5.7 Filling of Containers

Containers must have at least 10% head space to allow for thermal
expansion.
Ensure bottles/carboys are not filled over the "shoulder" of the container
(where the curvature starts to become more horizontal.

3.5.8 Secondary Containment

Areas where wastes are first accumulated must have secondary containment
for collecting incidental spills while adding waste to containers.
Secondary containment needs to be provided for liquid wastes, especially in
areas where wastes are poured into containers.

3.5.9 Clean Containers

Containers should be reasonably cleaned, preferably with no visible outside

contamination.
Containers are usually contaminated by spills that occurred while adding
wastes. Review filling procedures, and ensure appropriate equipment and
wastes are available for this activity.

3.5.10 Container Markings

Containers must be marked with the words "Scheduled Waste", or "Waste

(chemical/process name)", or similar words that identify the contents. It is not
acceptable to simply mark a location designated for a particular type of waste
without also marking the container. Wastes should be associated with a
specific process and/or disposal option and placed in proper storage area.

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Ensure containers are clearly marked with the words "Scheduled Waste". Just
using the terms such as "organic waste" or "aqueous waste" do not
adequately identify the material. Container markings may become illegible as
a result of spills while filling the container, or using pencil or other easily
defaced markers.

3.5.11 Quantity and Time Limits

Storage of each scheduled waste must not exceed 20 tonnes, or must not
exceed 180 days, whichever comes first.
(1) Ensure appropriate container sizes and timely removal of wastes. Submit
consignment note or e-Consignment note to inform DoE of the type and
quantity of wastes in an area. Schedule the picking-up of wastes based on
location, and consideration of quantity or significant hazard.
(2) If it is necessary to store more than 20 tonnes of scheduled waste in an
area, obtain written permission from DoE.

3.5.12 Waste Record

Records in a written or retrievable electronic form for each scheduled waste

received, stored or shipped should include:
(i) Name and identification number as described in the First Schedule
of the Regulation; and
(ii) Physical state (i.e. whether it is solid, liquid, gaseous or a
combination of one or more of these);
The quantity in tones;
The method and date of storing, repacking, treating or disposing at the facility,
cross-referenced to specific manifest document numbers applicable to the
scheduled waste; and
The location of each scheduled waste within the facility and the quantity at
each location.
The scheduled waste facility shall keep the records required under the
Regulation for a minimum of 3 years after the waste has been removed from
the facility.

3.5.13 Weather protection

A scheduled waste facility must be designed, constructed and maintained so

that elements of the weather such as precipitation, heat, frost, wind and
humidity have no detrimental effect on the capability of the facility to manage
scheduled waste.

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3.5.14 Access security

A scheduled waste facility can only be access by unauthorized persons.

(a) A 24 hour surveillance system that continuously monitors and controls
entry to the facility. Television monitors or an approved system, or
surveillance guards can be used for this purpose;
(b) A barrier such as
(i) a 2.13 m high chain link fence topped with 3 strands of barbed wire
to prevent scaling of the fence, or equally effective approved
barrier; and
(ii) A means of controlled entry, at all times, through gates or other
entrances,
(c) locks or locked covers on all valves, pumps, electrical controls and other
operational controls which would be accessible if the prevention
measures referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) above were breached, and
(d) A sign, legible from a distance of at least 10 m, reading
(i) "DANGER — UNAUTHORIZED PERSONNEL KEEP OUT",
(ii) "DANGER — AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY", or
(iii) "RESTRICTED AREA — AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY",
Or equivalent wording, posted at each entrance to the facility and at
such other locations as a manager director may fix.

3.5.15 Prevention of Fire, Explosion and Accidental Reactions

A scheduled waste facility must be protected from accidental ignition or

reaction of ignitable or reactive waste such as open flames, smoking, grinding
and welding, hot surfaces, frictional heat, static, electrical or mechanical
sparks, spontaneous ignition from heat producing chemical reactions and
radiant heat by means of:
(a) Electrical spark grounding where the potential for static buildup exists,
(b) Suitable separation distances or a barrier with a minimum fire rating of
2 hours between the waste and ignition sources, and
(c) A warning sign, legible from a distance of 10 m, reading "DANGER-
IGNITABLE/REACTIVE SCHEDULED WASTE, NO OPEN FLAMES,
SMOKING OR SPARKS".
A scheduled waste facility should be provided with:
(a) A continuous 24 hour fire alarm system with
(i) Smoke sensing alarms, and
(ii) Heat sensing alarms, that are capable of automatically stop the
plant operation.
(iii) An in-house fire and response team who have immediate
communication access to a local response agency,

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3.5.16 Emergency Preparedness

All areas where scheduled wastes are used or stored, or where scheduled
processes may be conducted, are required to be covered by current Safety
Plans, which outline scheduled waste/chemical inventories, standard and
emergency procedures, and availability of equipment. Work areas should
have ready access to telephones, and emergency numbers should be posted.
Emergency equipment (fire extinguishers, spill supplies) should be available,
and personnel should always be alerted or prepared for any emergency at all
times.

Ensure a contingency plan is prepared for each area where scheduled wastes
are used or stored. Ensure safety plans are updated on an annual basis, and
when significant changes are made to processes or inventories. Notify DoE or
relevant authority of the area reassignments, and provide updated plans as
soon as possible.

3.5.17 Contingency Plan

The owner of a scheduled waste facility should:

(a) Prepare and maintain in up-to-date readiness a contingency plan,
approved by a director, which documents procedures to be followed during
emergencies, including
(i) shut down procedures,
(ii) Communication networks to be used, and
(iii) Notification procedures for;
 police departments in the vicinity,
 fire departments in the vicinity,
 emergency response teams,
 ambulance and medical services,
 contractors carrying on business in the vicinity,
 schools, hospitals and residents,
 federal, state and local governments,
 evacuation procedures for facility staff,
 abatement measures,
 inventories of spill response and cleanup equipment available
 at the facility,
 from contractors carrying on business in the vicinity,
 from agencies operating in the vicinity, and
 from regional suppliers,
(b) Appoint one person and at least one alternate to act as an Emergency
Response Coordinator with authority to carry out action in accordance
with the contingency plan,
(c) Provide a copy of the contingency plan to

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(i) The Emergency Response Coordinator,

(ii) Each alternate Emergency Response Coordinator, and
(iii) A director, and
(d) Provide clean up equipment, sorbents and other material and protective
equipment and clothing, for all emergency response staff at the facility,
appropriate for all types of scheduled wastes managed at the facility.

3.6 GUIDELINES FOR THE PACKAGING, LABELLING, STORAGE AND

TRANSPORTATION OF SCHEDULED WASTES

3.6.1 Introduction

In general, packaging, labelling, storage and transportation of scheduled

waste should be done in a way that minimises accidental release.
Important provisions stipulated under the storage requirement include
selection of appropriate containers for packaging and also providing the
right labels for identification and warning purposes. Employee training in
terms of safe handling is also an important consideration. The objective of
proper packaging is to ensure that the wastes reach the destination intact.

The use of proper labelling minimises the mixing of wastes and enhances
good housekeeping. Labels and warning signs are important for warning
employees and public on the presence of certain toxic materials.

3.6.2 Packaging Requirements

Under regulation 9(1) of the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes)

Regulations, 2005 scheduled waste has to be stored in containers which
are durable and which are able to prevent spillage or leakage of the
scheduled wastes into the environment.

3.6.3 Types of Packaging

Packaging of widely varying specifications has been developed by industry

in order to match the strength and integrity of the containers with the
characteristics and hazards of the waste materials.

In many countries, bulk liquid wastes are loaded in storage tanks at the
factory and then transported in road tankers, demountable containers or
skids. This is not a common practice in Malaysia.

Smaller lots of wastes are packaged in a variety of containers such as:

 drums (metal and non-metal)

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 carton boxes
 “big bags”
 other bags
 carboys
 cans

These are the commonest methods of packaging in Malaysia. Suggested

packaging for waste types is as follows:

 waste oils and solvents - 200 litre steel bung drums or

steel tankers
 solid or semi-solid organic - 200 litres steel clamp-lid
wastes drums
 inorganic liquid wastes - 30, 45 or 200 litre plastic cans
or polythene tanks
 inorganic solids and sludges - 200 litre steel or plastic clamp-
lid drums
 Dry solid waste and - one tonne polypropylene bags
contaminated rags

 pharmaceutical and laboratory - 200 litre steel or plastic clamp-

waste lid drums

Where volatile scheduled wastes are involved, some containers have

covers equipped with safety devices for venting. These containers must
always be kept closed except when inspecting the containers, sampling or
adding wastes. Routine venting should not be permitted. In the case of
asbestos wastes or semi solid wastes, the wastes must be double bagged,
in strong polyethylene bags.

3.6.4 Standard Packaging

 Bunghole drum (steel or plastic) for liquid waste:

Maximum dimensions:

Height – 90 cm
Diameter – 60 cm
Drums not to be filled more than 90%
The maximum weight of a filled drum should not be more than
200 kilograms

 Open top drums with clamp for solid waste:

Maximum dimensions:

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Height – 90 cm
Diameter – 60 cm
Drums not to be filled more than 10% from the top.

 One tonne Polypropylene bags: Must be double lined. Bags not to

be filled more than 10% from the top. Drums must not be used for
free liquids.
 Pallet: All drums or bags must be fastened securely on a good
conditioned pallet. This is to ensure that the waste is secure
during transportation. The pallet size is 120 cm by 120 cm. The
number of containers per pallet is four drums per pallet or one
bag per pallet.

3.6.5 Material for Packaging

Containers must be in good condition, compatible with the wastes stored and
free from severe rusting, bulging, dents, cracks or structural defects-meaning
that, containers that are deteriorating or leaking must not be used.

As recommended by the U. S. Department of Transport, the containers

should be so designed and constructed such that under normal
transportation conditions:

 there should be no significant release of the hazardous materials;

 the effectiveness of the packaging should not be substantially
reduced during transport due to heat or pressure build up or
through an explosion; and
 there should be no significant chemical reaction among any of the
materials in the package, i.e. the scheduled wastes must be
compatible with the drum or container liner. For example, placing
spent acids in steel drums and solvents in plastic drums should
be avoided.

3.6.6 Identification of Waste Properties

It is vital that anyone handling or exposed to waste materials is made aware

of its hazardous properties. Consequently, each and every packaged waste
must be labelled with its hazards and information must travel with the waste
when transported describing the appropriate safety precautions and
handling methods. The rationale is to:

 enable handlers at all levels to have a clear knowledge of the wastes

inside the container and their potential health/environmental effects
 ensure safe handling and proper disposal

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This is a declaration of the environmental health and safety aspects of the

wastes. The onus of labelling the packaging rests on the waste generator.
Two duties are applicable, namely:
 labelling of containers with danger symbols
 the completion of a “Waste Card” to travel with the waste when
transported

3.6.7 Labelling Of Containers

The symbolic labels required are graphic representations of the hazards

associated with the particular waste(s) or cargo. The symbolic labels
corresponding to the danger of waste must be pasted onto the container.

Under Regulation 10(2) of the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes)

Regulations 2005, each and every container of scheduled wastes shall be
clearly labelled for identification and warning purpose. DOE has provided
11 symbolic labels (refer to Appendix A) for use and these are as
summarised below. The pictorial examples of the DOE labels for scheduled
wastes are presented in the Third Schedule of the Environmental Quality
(Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005. These are listed below.

DOE Labelling Example and Waste Code

Requirement
1 Explosive substances Wastes from manufacturing of
explosives (SW 431)
2 Inflammable liquids Spent lubricating oil (SW 305)
3 Inflammable solids Rags, papers, filters (SW 410)
4 Solid: Spontaneously Waste solid fuel
combustible
5 Solid: Dangerous when wet Waste containing solid sodium
hydroxide
6 Oxidising substances Spent oxidising agent (SW 424)
7 Organic peroxides Waste peroxide (SW 432)
8 Toxic substances Waste containing cyanide (SW 412,
SW 413, SW 414 & SW 415)
Asbestos wastes (SW 201)
9 Infectious substances Quarantined materials (SW 404)
10 Corrosive substances Spent acids or alkalis (SW 301 &
SW 402)

In addition to the above labels and markings placed on the containers,

there are also transport-related labelling and package marking
requirements. One example is that packages containing liquid hazardous
wastes must be marked THIS SIDE UP OR THIS END UP together with

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an up-pointed arrow sign.

Besides the symbolic label that has to be pasted on the container, a waste
generator is required to be labelled clearly and indelibly the following
information onto the container:-

i. The date when the scheduled wastes are first generated;

ii. The name, address and telephone number of the scheduled waste
generator; and
iii. The scheduled waste code as specified in the First Schedule.

No person is allowed to alter the identification number and the labels and
markings.

Waste having more than one properties

In line with the requirement under the Occupational Safety And Health
(Classification, Packaging And Labelling of Hazardous Chemicals)
Regulations 1997, where there is more than one symbol assigned to a
waste:-

i. the requirement to indicate the symbol for toxic makes the

symbols for harmful and corrosive optional;
ii. the requirement to indicate the symbol for corrosive makes the
symbol for harmful optional;
iii. the requirement to indicate the symbol for explosive makes the
symbols for flammable and oxidising optional; and
iv. the requirement to indicate the symbol for oxidising makes the
symbol for flammable optional.

The dimension of label shall be as follows:

i. Each symbol shall cover at least one tenth of the surface area
of the label but shall not be less than one square centimetre.
ii. Labels may be of the following types:
iii. Stick on, metal plate, stencilled or printed on the container or
package.

3.6.8 The Waste Card

In line with Regulation 13 of the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes)

Regulations 2005, scheduled wastes transported outside the waste
generator’s premises are to be accompanied by specific relevant information.
As indicated in the Seventh Schedule, the relevant information required are;

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Module 3: Legislations related to Scheduled Wates PAGE 33

A. Properties
 Category of waste (according to DOE or international waste
code*)
 Origin (name of factory and process)
 Physical properties (liquid, semi-solid or solid)
 Risks

B. Handling of Wastes
 Personal protection equipment
 Procedures/precautions in handling, packaging, transporting and
storage
 Appropriate label
 Recommended method of disposal

C. Precautions in case of spill or accidental discharge or

personnel injury
 In case of inhalation of fumes or oral intake
 In case of dermal contact or contact with eyes

D. Steps to be taken in case of spill and accidental discharge

causing material damage arising from:
 Spill on floor, soil, road etc.
 Spill into water
 Fire
 Explosion

3.6.9 Storage

Definition

5.1.1 Storage means, the scheduled waste stored in a periods in

order to wait the scheduled waste to be transport, treated and
disposed. There are two (2) type of storage:-

-On-Site Storage
Storage in site the premise while waiting the scheduled
waste to be treated and disposed.
-Off-Site Storage
Storage out site the premise while waiting the scheduled
waste to be treated and disposed.

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3.6.10 Site Selection Criteria

On-Site Storage
 Designed in site the factory and far away from production
area and public facilities.
 not flooded area
Off Site storage
 not a flooded area
 Under the water intake (especially for liquid and sludges)
 Far away from residential area ( not less then 250 m)
 In the industrial area
 good transport infrastructure in case of accidentals
and emergencies

3.6.11 Design

 Concrete floor or appropriate

 surrounding with concrete bund or appropriate
 Bund must be high enough
 The design must be good to avoid any leakage
 must have wall and roof to prevent from weather
 If the storage are doesn’t have roof it must be places
in the pallet.
 Compactable and incompatible must be in difference
places. Incompatible must have fence
 Signboard “DANGEROUS” must be shown in the
enter gate size 30 cm and background in a yellow
colour.

3.6.12 Transportation

The transportation of scheduled waste provides one of the greatest

areas for potential environmental contamination if it is not carried out
properly–by means of spillage and leakage.

The acceptable transportation methods are as follows:

Liquids

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 Drums on flat trailers (“curtain siders”)

 Vacuum tankers for bulk liquids. Vacuum tankers are used in
Malaysia for sewage collection and gulley emptying but, to date,
have not been used extensively for the transportation of scheduled
wastes. They have the capability to handle sludges and usually
have an opening rears door to enable manual sludge removal.
They must, however, be properly designed as pressure vessels.

They are normally constructed of mild steel, but may be made of

stainless steel or plastic lined for corrosive liquids

Solids

 Drums on flat trailers

 Drums in open containers (e.g. “roll-on” or “skip”)
 Open containers (e.g. “roll-on” or “skip”)
 Tippers

Some of the potential problems which can be observed with

transportation of scheduled waste are:

 Insecure drums can fall from vehicle

 Open containers for solids MUST be covered
 Vacuum tankers of mild steel should not be used for corrosive
liquids
 Solids (e.g. sludges) emitting harmful or flammable vapours should
not be carried in open containers or tippers
 Leaking or unclosed valves on tankers
 Not carrying waste card
 Not carrying safety equipment (e.g. fire extinguisher)

3.6.13 Record Keeping

Importance of record keeping cannot be underestimated. Details of work

activities must be recorded for the purpose of follow-up action, future
reference, review and compliance with legal requirements.

In addition, there are two requirements of the legislation:

 waste inventory
 consignment note during collection and transfer of scheduled
 wastes

Waste Inventory

Regulation 11 of the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes)

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Regulations 2005 requires a waste generator to keep an accurate and

up-to-date inventory of the quantities and categories of scheduled
wastes being handled (generated, treated and disposed of).

The sample format of the inventory is presented in the Fifth Schedule of

the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005.

The inventory is to ensure that all wastes tracking records required by

the regulatory agency are maintained in a retrievable form. As a spin-
off, the record keeping serves the useful purpose of gauging the
efficiency of the factory production (in terms of waste generation) over
time.

In the practical implementation, written records have to be maintained

to register all the scheduled wastes handled on a daily basis. The
information to be recorded may consist of:

1. name of scheduled waste and scheduled waste code numbers

2. description of scheduled waste physical form (liquid, solid or
semi-solid, gas) and the process producing the waste
3. number and types of containers
4. quantity of scheduled wastes (by weight)
5. date stored
6. storage location of the different wastes
7. date and quantity of waste removed (by transporter)

Consignment Note for Collection and Transfer of Scheduled

Wastes

As required by Regulation 12 of the Environmental Quality (Scheduled

Wastes) Regulations 2005, the waste generator has to monitor the
movement of wastes from the point of generation until the wastes reach
the off-site destination.

It is the responsibility of the waste generator to complete Part 1 of 6

copies of the consignment note - See Sixth Schedule of the
Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 1989. The
related information required is:

1. waste generator code 6. type of waste

2. name of waste generator 7. waste packaging
3. name of waste(s) and 8. total waste quantity
category code
4. waste component 9. name and address of final
destination
5. waste origin and waste 10. date
origin code

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The procedure is similar to the “chain of custody” system wherein every

time the waste shipment changes hands, the responsible person signs
the paperwork and sends a copy of the paperwork to the regulatory
agency. This allows the DOE to track the wastes from the point of
generation to its ultimate disposal or treatment. Copies of the
consignment note are retained by each involved party (i.e. the
generator, transporters and waste facility operator).

3.6.14 Storage Area Inspection

A sample checklist for the inspection of the storage facility is shown below.

For Month of
Week 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week 4th Week
Date :
Time of Inspection :
Inspected By :
Designation :
Accumulation Area Adequate Deficient (Write down
corrective action needed
to restore adequate
condition)

Storage area is clean and tidy Yes / No

Impervious floor surface of Yes / No

main and incompatible storage
areas is free from cracks, gaps,
etc.

Container storage less than 180 Yes / No

days

Incompatible wastes stored Yes / No

separately

Ignitable and reactive wastes Yes / No

are stored at least 16 metres
from factory fence

Container stored in way that Yes / No

would not cause it to spill or
leak

Drums on pallets and no over- Yes / No

stacking
Sump is less than ½ full Yes / No

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Adequate aisle space :

 of at least 60 cm between Yes / No
drum rows
 for fork lift movement Yes / No
 for emergency fire fighting Yes / No
purpose
 for emergency escape route Yes / No

Container Management Adequate Deficient

No leaking containers Yes / No

No significant rust, bulging, Yes / No

dents etc on any containers

Container is closed except Yes / No

when adding or removing waste

Container is marked with Yes / No

accumulation start date and full-
up date

Containers must have Yes / No

identification label and symbolic
label where applicable

Preparedness & Prevention

Regular inspections are Yes / No
conducted by factory personnel

Up-to-date record keeping Yes / No

Alarm device, to alert in-house Yes / No
response Personnel, in good
working condition

Siren to signal emergency to Yes / No

entire factory personnel in good
working Condition

Fire suppression : adequate Yes / No

water supply or foam producing Yes / No
equipment etc

Safety equipment in good

working condition

Existence of ERP manual Yes / No

Easy access to ERP manual Yes / No

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