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    Drugs For Asthma

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    kamil malik
    Treatment for asthma includes several classes of drugs: β-agonists provide bronchodilation, methylxanthines inhibit phosphodiesterase and prevent bronchoconstriction, anticholinergics block muscarinic receptors for bronchodilation, corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory effects, mast cell stabilizers inhibit mast cell degranulation, leukotriene inhibitors decrease inflammation, and anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies inhibit IgE binding. These drugs have different mechanisms of action, routes of administration, onset times, and potential side effects. Corticosteroids are particularly effective for their anti-inflammatory properties but can cause adverse effects with long-term use.

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    Drugs For Asthma

    Uploaded by

    kamil malik
    7 views1 page
    Treatment for asthma includes several classes of drugs: β-agonists provide bronchodilation, methylxanthines inhibit phosphodiesterase and prevent bronchoconstriction, anticholinergics block muscarinic receptors for bronchodilation, corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory effects, mast cell stabilizers inhibit mast cell degranulation, leukotriene inhibitors decrease inflammation, and anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies inhibit IgE binding. These drugs have different mechanisms of action, routes of administration, onset times, and potential side effects. Corticosteroids are particularly effective for their anti-inflammatory properties but can cause adverse effects with long-term use.

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    asthma

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    Drugs for Asthma

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    Treatment for asthma includes several classes of drugs: β-agonists provide bronchodilation, methylxanthines inhibit phosphodiesterase and prevent bronchoconstriction, anticholinergics block muscarinic receptors for bronchodilation, corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory effects, mast cell stabilizers inhibit mast cell degranulation, leukotriene inhibitors decrease inflammation, and anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies inhibit IgE binding. These drugs have different mechanisms of action, routes of administration, onset times, and potential side effects. Corticosteroids are particularly effective for their anti-inflammatory properties but can cause adverse effects with long-term use.

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    7 views1 page

    Drugs For Asthma

    Uploaded by

    kamil malik
    Treatment for asthma includes several classes of drugs: β-agonists provide bronchodilation, methylxanthines inhibit phosphodiesterase and prevent bronchoconstriction, anticholinergics block muscarinic receptors for bronchodilation, corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory effects, mast cell stabilizers inhibit mast cell degranulation, leukotriene inhibitors decrease inflammation, and anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies inhibit IgE binding. These drugs have different mechanisms of action, routes of administration, onset times, and potential side effects. Corticosteroids are particularly effective for their anti-inflammatory properties but can cause adverse effects with long-term use.

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    Treatment / Management for Asthma:

    β-agonists β-agonists Methylxanthines Anticholinergics Corticosteroids Mast cell stabilizers Leukotriene pathway inhibitors Anti-IgE
    (short-acting) (long-acting) monoclonal
    highly selective antibodies
    Example Salbutamol, Salmeterol, fomoterol Theophyline (oral) IpratropiumIV: Hydrocortisone Sodium Leukotriene Leukotrien Omalizumab
    terbutaline, fenoterol Aminophyline (IV) bromide, Oral: Prednisolone cromoglycate, receptor synthesis
    tiotropium Inhaler:Budenoside, nedocromil antagonist: inhibitor:
    Beclomethasone, Montelukast Zileuton
    Mode of ~ Act at ß2 receptor on bronchial smooth ~ block adenosine receptor ~ competitively ~ anti-inflammatory (inhibit ~Inhibit mast cell ~ ↓ broncho- ~inhibit 5- ~Inhibit IgE
    Action muscle (via cAMP) ~ inhibit phosphodiesterase (↑ inhibit Ach production of inflam degranulation constriction lipoxygenase binding to mast
    ~ prevent edema camp & cGMP-bronchodilation) muscarinic mediators (release of ~ ↓ inflammatory reversibly cell & other
    ~ prevent release of mediators from mast ~ prevent release of mediators receptor ~ contraction of engorged mediators) in the cell infiltration inflammatory
    cells from mast cells ~ combine with ß- vessel in bronchial mucosa lungs cell
    ~↑mucociliary clearance agonist for better ~Inhibit IgE
    ~prevent edema efficacy synthesis
    Main ~bronchodilation ~chronic treatment ~ bronchodilation ~bronchodilation ~prophylactic only ~for moderate ~for
    function / ~prophylaxis before ~improve lung f(x) for acute ~ ↓ risk of death or mearly ~no effect on asthma prophylaxis &
    Advantage exercise ~↓ asthma sx exacerbation pt death from asthma bronchospasm ~for prophylaxis maintanance
    ~treat nocturnal cough ~↓ use of short- ~for pt cant ~ ↓ hyper-responsiveness ~more in children & maintanance
    Oral: acting drugs tolerate with ß- ~ inhaler: avoid adverse
    ~prevent premature ~↓ nocturnal cough agonist systemic effect
    birth
    ~child X manipulates
    inhaler
    Method of Inhaler, nebulizer, oral inhaler Oral, IV Aerosol, IV, oral, inhaler (1 week to 10 inhaler Oral (1 or 2 hrs oral Subcutaneous
    delivery nebulizer days) before meal) injection 2-4
    weekly
    Onset ~ Secs - 5mins delayed Fast (rapidly absorbed by GIT) Immediate
    ~ 30mins (oral)
    Duration 2 – 6 hrs >12 hrs (high lipid prolong
    solubility-slowly de-
    tach from receptor)
    Toxicity Convulsion
    (narrow therapeutic window)
    Side-effect Small dose: nausea, diarrhoea, ~Orophayngeal candidiasis ~GIT upset ~dyspepsia
    tarchycardia ~impaired CHO metabolism ~headache ~liver toxicity
    Big dose: hypotension, ~growth retardation ~↑Warfarin level ~ inhibit
    ~ inhibit cytochrome
    hypokalaemia, seizures, cardiac ~suppress immunity
    cytochrome P450 P450
    dysrhythias ~psychiatric illness
    ~peptic ulcer ~cataract

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