02 - Baseline Study On Awareness of Rights

BASELINE SURVEY REPORT
Levels of Awareness and Knowledge

of Selected Political/Civil Rights
and the Utilisation of Paralegal
Services
Prepared by: MLemba and Associates (the consultant)
Submitted to: GIZ, Zambia (the client)
for the:
Civil Society Participation Programme

Project No: 14.2077.7-004.00
Kariba Road, Kalundu

Plot No: 6469
Private Bag RW 37X
Lusaka, Zambia
April 2016
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 STUDY OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.3 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................ 1
1.3.1 Sampling and Sample Size .............................................................................................................. 1
1.3.2 Sample Design................................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.3 Data Collection Instruments ........................................................................................................... 4
1.3.4 Administration of the survey ........................................................................................................... 4
2 PRESENTATION OF THE BASELINE FINDINGS ........................................................................................... 5
2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE SAMPLE .......................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 AWARENESS OF POLITICAL/CIVIL RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ............................................................ 7
2.3 MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT, CONSTITUENT OFFICES AND PARLIAMENT .................................................................. 11
2.4 AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF PARALEGALS ................................................................................................. 15
2.5 DEMAND ANALYSIS...................................................................................................................................... 18
ANNEX I – LONG TABLES .................................................................................................................................. 1
ANNEX II: STUDY QUESTIONNAIRE .................................................................................................................. 5
ANNEX III: LIST OF CSO COMMONLY ENCOUNTERED DURING THE SURVEY ................................................... 23
List of Figures
Figure 1: Average awareness levels of civil and political rights among the population ............ 7
Figure 2: Average knowledge levels on political and civil rights among the population .......... 8
Figure 3: Average awareness and knowledge levels on civil and political rights by district ... 10
Figure 4: Percentage of population who knew names of their Area Member of Parliament . 12
Figure 5: Knowledge on Paralegals and services ..................................................................... 16
Figure 6: Level of willingness to consult paralegals ................................................................ 19
Figure 7: Percentage distribution of most dominant legal issues faced by the population ... 21
List of Tables
Table 1: Distribution of the Sample by District and Sex of Respondent ................................................. 5

Table 2: Background Characteristics of respondents ............................................................................. 6
Table 3: Knowledge on political and civil rights ...................................................................................... 9
Table 4: Percentage of respondents who were aware of the official roles of Members of Parliament
and their Names by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 .................................................. 11
Table 5: Percentage of respondents who were aware of the official roles of Constituency Offices and
parliament by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 ........................................................... 13
Table 6: Percentage of respondents who knew the location of constituency offices, by district and
gender, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q220) ...................................................................... 13
Table 7: Percentage of respondents who knew of the official roles of parliament by district, CSPP2.0
Baseline Study, February 2016 ............................................................................................................. 14
Table 8: Average knowledge on MPs, Constituency Offices and Parliament by district, CSPP2.0
Table 9: Percentage of Respondents who know services provided by paralegals by District, CSPP2.0
Table 10: Percentage of respondents who knew about the existence of Civil Society Organisations in
their district, where they can consult for paralegal services, according to gender, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Study, February 2016 (Q224) ................................................................................................................ 17
Table 11: Overall Percentage awareness and knowledge levels in the population on paralegals and
paralegal CSOs by District, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 .................................................... 18
Table 12: Institutions population would consult on legal issues by locality in percentages, CSPP2.0
Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q301) ................................................................................................. 18
Table 13: Level of willingness to consult paralegal or paralegal CSO by locality CSPP2.0 Baseline
Study, February 2016 (Q311 – Q313) ................................................................................................... 20
Table 14: Most dominant legal issues respondents would seek advice from paralegals in percentage,
by gender, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q320 ) ................................................................ 21
Table 15: Most important political and civil rights as identified by population, by district, CSPP2.0
Table 16: Most important source of information on civil and political rights in percentage, by gender,
CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q322) ................................................................................... 23
Table 17: Perception of effectiveness of platforms for political engagement in percent, CSPP2.0
Table 18: Awareness of Civil and Political Rights .................................................................................... 1
Table 19: Most dominant legal issues faced by the population in percentage in their area, by gender,
CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q319 )..................................................................................... 3
Table 20: Institutions population would consult on specific legal issues by issue in percentages,
CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q302 – Q310) ......................................................................... 4
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview of the study
This document outlines the findings of the baseline study conducted by GIZ through
MLemba and Associates (A Social Research Consultancy Firm) from January to February
2016 in six districts from three provinces: Copperbelt (Masaiti, Kitwe); Lusaka (Chongwe,
Lusaka); and Southern (Mazabuka, Gwembe).
1.2 Study Objectives

The general objective of the Civil Society Participation Programme (CSPP) baseline was to
determine the levels of awareness of selected political/civil rights and possibilities to utilize
paralegal services.
Specific objectives of the study were to establish:
1) the proportion of the population that was aware of selected political and civil rights as
well as the knowledge levels on those selected political and civil rights;
2) the proportion of the population that is aware of the roles and functions of Parliament,
MPs and Constituency Offices; and
3) the proportion of the population that is aware of the possibilities to utilize paralegal
services provided by CSOs as well as their knowledge levels on paralegal services;
And to carry out a demand analysis in order to identify:

4) political and civil rights of specific relevance to the population; and
5) the most common legal issues the population is facing as well as their needs in terms
of (para-)legal services.
1.3 Methodology
To meet the objectives above, a scientific approach was used with special attention paid to
the sampling strategy, data collection instruments, recruitment and training of the data
collection team, face validation of the instruments, pre-test and actual data collection process
and methods of data analysis. Data analysis was done using SPSS and frequency tables were
largely used to summarise the results.
1.3.1 Sampling and Sample Size
a) Target Population
The target population comprised all Zambian citizens 18 years of age and older. Males and
females were both targeted by the survey in the rural and urban areas in the three selected
provinces.
b) Sampling Units
Based on the definition of the population, the sampling unit was any person in a household
aged 18 years and above.
Annex pg.1
c) Sample Size Determination and Allocation
A technical determination of the sample size requires a number of preliminary calculations in

order to design a sample that meets the sample size requirements. The level of desired
precision, values of key design parameters and financial aspects need to be considered.
Probability sample designs with a national scope such as the Living Conditions Monitoring
Surveys and ZDHS undertaken by the Central Statistical Office have shown that it is possible
obtain fairly reliable estimates with sample sizes of 8,000 to 10,000.
In this study we aimed at estimating the unknown population parameter, P, the proportion of
the population that was aware of selected political/civil rights and the possibilities to utilize
paralegal services provided by CSOs. To estimate the unknown population parameter, P, we
assumed a sample statistic p of 50% in sample size determination. Our estimate of the
proportion of respondents aware of these rights was based on 95% confidence limits (α), and
the study aimed to achieve a power (β) of 80%. Since there was departure from simple
random sampling, a design effect of 2 was assumed in arriving at the final sample size.
Our target minimum sample size was 2,500. In anticipation of a non-response rate of 20
percent, our ultimate or maximum sample size was 3,125. The final sample size for this study
was 2683. Our proposed sample size was sufficient enough to enable us generalize the
findings, conclusions and recommendations. The sample size was also manageable in terms
of supervision and allowed for the type of analyses required in the study.
1.3.2 Sample Design
Multistage sampling was used in the selection of the respondents. In order to obtain a self-
weighting sample, sampling with a probability proportional to size was employed in the
selection of elements at the different stages.
a) Strategy of Selection Of Elements
A four – stage multistage sampling strategy, starting with the selection of districts and
culminating in the selection of respondents, was used.
b) Selection of Districts
The three provinces – Copperbelt, Lusaka and Southern –served as administrative strata.
1. From each of the three province, two districts – one predominantly urban and the
other predominantly rural - were selected with a probability proportional to estimated
size, based on the 2010 population census. A total of 6 districts were therefore
selected.
The procedure for selecting the districts in each province was based on the selection
of the district per strata i.e. by rural and urban strata. The procedure was as follows:
(i) Calculating the sampling interval, I, for each stratum

Nh
M hi
Ih  i 1
ah
Annex pg.2
where Mhi is the number of districts in each strata, i and stratum (rural/urban) h,
Nh
M
i 1
hi is the size of the stratum (rural or urban) according to the 2010 census and a
is the number of districts to be selected in the stratum.
(ii) Calculating the cumulated size of each stratum.
(iii) Calculating the sampling numbers
R, R+I, R+2I, ..., R + (a-1)I,
where R is a random number between 1 and I.
(iv) Comparing each sampling number with the cumulated sizes of the districts.
(v) The first district whose cumulated size is equal to or greater than the random
number generated in (iii) was selected. The next district to be selected was the
one with cumulated size equal to or greater than R+I.
2. Within each selected district, an equal number of Census Supervisory Areas (CSAS)
were selected using sampling frames from the Central Statistical Office.
3. From each CSA, an equal number of Standard Enumeration Areas (SEAs) were
selected using Probability Proportionate to Size (PPS).
4. In the third stage of selection, in each SEA, all the households were listed and
numbered, and the required number of households were selected using systematic
sampling. After the listing exercise had been completed, all the households in the
district were assigned sampling serial numbers. The households were then selected
following the procedure below:
1. Calculating the sampling interval

B
I=
b
where B is the number of households listed in the selected SEA and b is the
number of households to be selected in the selected district.
2. A random number (R) was generated between 1 and the Interval I, with the first
number selected equal to the first random number, R.
3. Thereafter, the interval was added to the random number to get the next selection.
Annex pg.3
4. The interval was added repeatedly until the desired sample size of households in
each SEA was achieved.
5. In the final stage, two respondents from each household – one male and one female –
18 years and above were selected for the interview.
1.3.3 Data Collection Instruments
One standardized questionnaire was used reflecting comprehensively questions related to

political and civil rights as outlined in the terms of reference for the study. The first part of
the questionnaire included all the relevant background information on the respondent such as
age, sex, occupation, educational attainment, rural/urban residence, marital status, and
employment status. Subsequent sections focused on awareness of political and civil rights,
awareness of roles and functions of parliament and the awareness of paralegals and
possibilities to utilise them and the last part focused on the demand analysis of political and
civil rights as well as the use of paralegals. For details please refer to Annex II for the full
questionnaire.
1.3.4 Administration of the survey
a) Preparatory
A total of 18 data enumerators and 3 supervisors were engaged in the data collection exercise.
The team was split into three with each team having 6 enumerators and a supervisor. Each
province was assigned a team with a supervisor. Before being dispatched in the field, each
field staff was subjected to a 3 day training exercise to be oriented on the survey objectives
and what was required of them. During the training, each field staff was assessed at three
stages and only those who passed were selected for the study. These included, the
performance during mock interviews, class theory and during field pre-test of the
questionnaires.
Pre-testing of the survey instruments formed an integral part of the training. A one day pre-
test was conducted in Kalingalinga compound as this compound was not going to be included
in the final survey. A review meeting/debriefing was held with the client after which
modifications to the instrument were conducted.
Data collection instruments were translated in Bemba, Tonga and Nyanja using the MAPI
Translation Protocol.
b) Field work
The role of the supervisor was to ensure that questionnaires submitted by each individual
enumerator met the requirements of the study. Once the questionnaires were verified and
edited, supervisor submitted these questionnaires to the project management team for data
entry. In order for all the enumerators to systematically and uniformly administer the data
collection instruments, a field guide was developed. This document described how each of
the questions was to be administered. It also described, question-by-question the codes to be
used, skip instructions/patterns to be followed, filter questions and how open-ended questions
were to be managed.
Annex pg.4
c) Data Processing and Analysis
After the completed data collection forms had been forwarded to the central office in Lusaka,
the Office Editing Team (OET) under the supervision of the data manager edited the data
collection forms for consistency; coded the forms and entered the data onto the computer.
After all the data had been entered on the computer, it was cleaned and frequency tables
produced and shared with the client. These frequency tables form the basis for this report.
2 Presentation of the Baseline Findings
The study covered a total of 2,683 respondents, of which 1,310 were males and 1,373 were
females representing, 49:51 ratio of males to female. This distribution by male/females
reflected the distribution in the population as per the 2010 Census of Population and Housing.
The distribution of the sample by districts and sex is presented in Table 1.
Table 1: Distribution of the Sample by District and Sex of Respondent
Name of District
Sex Total
Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe Masaiti Kitwe
Male 43.9 50.7 51.0 49.5 50.3 49.0 48.8
Female 56.1 49.3 49.0 50.5 49.7 51.0 51.2
Total 544 363 400 396 519 461 2683
2.1 Description of the Sample

Among the background information that was collected on each respondent included the
following: age, education level, marital status, and residence, and cumulated household
income, sources of water and type toilet facility. The male subsample was slightly older than
the female population; the male population was about four (4) years older than their female
counterparts.
Most of the respondents had been to school with only about 7 percent reporting that they had
never been to school. Male respondents were slightly more educated that female respondents.
Female respondents were about twice (8.2% vs 4.7%) as likely not to have been to school and
about 1.6 times (9.8% vs 15.7%) less likely to attain a tertiary education than male
respondents. About 80% of the males and 82% of the females had attained some education up
to secondary school level.
About 6 in every 10 male or female respondents were in a marital union. The male subsample
had a slightly higher proportion of single respondents (29.1% vs 21.9%) than was in the
female sample, and about half the proportion of those who were previously married.
In terms of rural-urban distribution of the sample, there was an equal number of males
interviewed from the rural areas as was from urban areas. However, there was a slight
difference in the female population between the two residences. There were about 12 more
females selected from the urban areas for every 100 that was sampled in rural areas.
About 8 in every 10 respondents had access to safe sources of water and about 6 in every 10
with access to safe toilet facilities. There were no difference between males and females in
terms of access to either safe water or safe toilet facilities.
Annex pg.5
The majority of the respondents had very low incomes. About 55% of males and females had
an accumulated monthly income of less than K1,201. It was rare to find a household with an
accumulated income of more than K3,500 for both males and females.
Table 2: Background Characteristics of respondents
Percentage Distribution of women and men by selected background characteristics, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study,
February 2016
Statistic Number of
Background Characteristic
Male Female Male Female Total
Age (median) 34 30 1310 1373 2683
Education level (%) (M=1310; F=1373)

4.7 8.2 61 113 178
Never been to school
35.3 41.7 462 572 1034
Primary
44.4 40.3 581 554 1135
Secondary
15.7 9.8 206 134 340
Tertiary
Marital Status (%) (M=1304; F=1362)
29.1 21.9 379 298 677
Single
65.3 64.2 852 875 1727
Married
3.2 6.2 42 85 127
Divorced
2.4 7.6 31 104 135
Widowed
Residence (%) (M=1310; F=1373)
50.0 47.0 655 645 1300
Rural
50.0 53.0 655 728 1383
Urban
Income (%) (M=1302; F=1368)
35.8 37.1 466 507 973
Up to ZMW 600
18.9 18.7 246 256 502
ZMW 601 – ZMW 1200
13.6 12.4 177 169 346
ZMW 1201 – ZMW 2000
9.2 8.9 120 122 242
ZMW 2001 – ZMW 3500
5.9 6.4 77 88 165
ZMW 3501 – ZMW 6000
3.7 3.4 48 46 94
More than ZMW 6000
12.9 13.2 168 180 348
Do not know
Main Source of water (%) (M=1309; F=1371)
79.5 81.0 1041 1111 2152
Safe
20.5 19.0 268 260 528
Unsafe
Type of toilet facility (%) (M=1304; F=1371)
56.1 55.4 732 760 1492
Safe
43.9 44.6 572 611 1183
Unsafe
Annex pg.6
2.2 Awareness of Political/Civil Rights and Constitutional Provisions
To establish the proportion of the population that was aware of selected political and civil
rights as well as the knowledge levels on those selected political and civil rights, respondents
were provided with a number of rights and asked whether the listed rights were judiciable civil
or political rights. The list also included items that are not enforceable in the courts of law to
assess the level of misconception about political and civil rights. Respondents were also
tested on their knowledge of some constitutional and legal provisions in Zambia regarding
selected civil and political rights.
This section is structured as follows: The first part presents the findings on awareness on rights
and the average awareness levels among the population. The second part deals with the
knowledge levels among the population on selected political and civil rights as well as the
average knowledge levels on rights. And the final paragraph gives an overview over the
accumulated awareness and knowledge on political and civil rights among the population. The
final section also describes in more detail how the overall average on awareness and knowledge
has been computed.
a) Awareness of civil and political rights
Figure 1 presents the summary levels of awareness of civil and political rights. The average
percentage of respondents who were aware of these rights was fairly similar across all
districts. In the total sample, 67 percent were aware of civil and political rights with the
highest levels of awareness (69.1%) reported in Masaiti and Gwembe districts and the lowest
in Chongwe and Mazabuka (approximately 65%). Although the summaries were generally
around 70%, there were some rights, which nearly every respondent was aware of. Error!
Reference source not found.18 indicates that awareness of specific political and civil rights
was as high as 90% for some rights such as the right to vote, freedom of movement, right to
marry, right to own property, right to life and the right to choose a religion.
80
70
60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0
Masaiti Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe Total
Location
Figure 1: Average awareness levels of civil and political rights among the population
Annex pg.7
Conversely, a significant proportion of respondents had misconstructions of rights. They had
mistakenly considered non-rights to be civil or political rights while others did not know
about rights that were enforceable in the courts of law. For example, only 27.6% correctly
identified the right to a pollution-free environment not be a right that one can enforce in the
courts of law while only 31.5% of the respondents correctly identified that there was no
enforceable right to participate in the constitution making process.
b) Knowledge of political and civil rights
Knowledge of political and civil rights was quite low across all the districts (44.7%).
Chongwe (39%) and Masaiti (40.3%) had the least proportion of respondents with knowledge
of rights while Mazabuka had the highest (50.6%) followed by Lusaka (48.8%). See Figure 2
below.
60
50
40
Percentage
30
20
10
0
Masaiti Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe Total Total
Location
FIGURE 2: Average knowledge levels on political and civil rights among the population
Findings presented in Table 3 indicate that knowledge on most selected political and civil
rights is generally low except for very few rights. Knowledge on the electoral process in
Zambia was almost universal at 89.8%. Similarly, a significant proportion (81.4%) of the
population knew that it is a constitutional right to choose one’s own religion. On the other
end, findings show that very few individuals (7.4%) had knowledge that the constitution
offers special protection from exploitation of children and about only 19% knew that one can
hold state land for tenure of 99 years according to the Zambian laws. About the same
proportion (18.1%) of the population had knowledge that in Zambia the police only needs to
be notified of any demonstrations and rallies.
Other constitutional provisions that most respondents did not know about (only 21.4%
knowledge of these rights), included the rights to be presumed innocent until proven guilty, to
remain silent during trial, not testify, and not to be prosecuted twice for same crime. The
study also established that only 28.4% actually knew of the amended constitutional provision
that in Zambia the presidential candidate needs to obtain more than 50 percent plus 1 vote of
the valid votes in order to be a winner.
Annex pg.8
Table 3: Knowledge on political and civil rights
Percentage of respondents who are knowledgeable on the following rights, by district, CSPP2.0, February 2016
Copperbelt Lusaka Southern
Selected Rights Total
Kitwe Masaiti Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe
According to the Zambian constitution
one can only be imprisoned upon 70.5 73.7 81.9 72.9 87.5 89.8 79.4
decision by a court.
The constitution provides for protection
from torture and physical punishment 38.4 33.3 49.7 36.8 36.3 57.3 42.0
without any limitations
The Zambian laws provide for protection
from discrimination with some
49.4 39.7 43.7 31 52.5 62.4 46.5
limitations when it comes to customary
law
The police can search you or your home,
take your private possessions or listen to
47.4 48 73.1 57.3 70.9 64.7 60.2
your phone calls only upon decision of a
court
In Zambia anyone may form an
association (organisation) or belong to an 43.7 41.9 70.3 47.1 70.2 54.5 54.6
association
In Zambia it is a constitutional right to
82.2 78.2 87 72.6 85.2 83.2 81.4
choose your own religion
To be able to participate in elections in
Zambia you have to attain the age of 18
and register as a voter before the 88.4 83.4 92.9 90.6 96 87.5 89.8
elections
In Zambia the presidential candidate
needs more than 50 of the valid votes in 39 26.6 34.2 18.7 35.6 16.4 28.4
order to be elected
In Zambia the police only needs to be
notified of any demonstrations and 17.5 18.6 19.9 19.8 23.1 9.5 18.1
rallies
The Bill of Rights offers special protection
11.9 13.1 4.1 8.3 4.3 2.6 7.4
from exploitation of children
If you are a victim of gender-based
violence, you are entitled to free medical 67.2 48.6 67.5 52.3 59.6 55.5 58.5
examinations and a free police report
Right to a defender, right to a trial in a
translated language and the right to 29.3 31.2 24.4 26.4 58.6 67 39.5
appeal
Right to presumed innocent until proven
guilty, right to remain silent during trial
18.8 22.3 29.4 16 34.8 6.9 21.4
and not testify, right not to be
prosecuted twice for same crime
Right to apply for bail, right to apply for
26.8 28.6 34.5 19.3 28.5 5.9 23.9
parole and right to apply for pardoning
According to the laws of Zambia you can

25.2 17.3 19.1 17.1 15.2 19.5 18.9
hold state land for a tenure of 99 years
Average knowledge levels of selected

43.71 40.3 48.78 39.08 50.55 45.51 44.7
constitutional provisions
Annex pg.9
c) Awareness and knowledge levels of civil and political rights
Calculating the proportion of respondents “who were aware of selected political and civil
rights as well as the knowledge levels on those selected political and civil rights” was done
by first computing the percentage of respondents who were aware of each of the civil and
political rights as shown in FIGURE 1 (for full list on awareness of rights refer to Table 18 in
the Annex) and then obtaining the average of the percentages. The second step was
calculating the percentage of respondents who had knowledge of selected constitutional
provisions and rights and summarising the percentages by getting averages as shown in Table
3. The summaries from the two tables were then averaged to obtain the average awareness
and knowledge levels on civil and political rights among the population.
As shown in Figure 3 the average knowledge and awareness levels on civil and political
rights and constitutional provisions among the Zambian population are at 56%. However, (as
indicated in Figure 1 and Figure 2) respondents are more likely to be aware of civil and
political rights (67.1%) than being knowledgeable about specific rights (44.7%). This pattern
is also consistent across all the districts surveyed. Lusaka district had a slightly higher
percentage (58.2%) of the population who were aware of civil and political rights and had
knowledge of rights, while Chongwe had the lowest average (52.1%). Nonetheless, the
difference from district to district is relatively minimal as indicated by the figure below.
70
60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0
Kitwe Masaiti Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe Total
Location
Figure 3: Average awareness and knowledge levels on civil and political rights by district
Annex pg.10
2.3 Members of Parliament, Constituent Offices and Parliament
This section presents findings on the proportion of the study population which was aware and
had knowledge of the roles and functions of Members of Parliament (MPs), Constituent
Offices and Parliament.
a) Knowledge on the roles, functions and names of Members of Parliament
Respondents were assessed on their knowledge of the official roles and functions and names
of their MPs. The findings presented in Table 4 show that the knowledge levels among the
population on the name of their area Member of Parliament and their roles stood at 61.9%.
The average knowledge on the roles and functions of MPs stood at 58.0 percent, calculated as
an average of correct responses to a number of statements on the roles and functions of MPs.
As shown in Table 4, the highest knowledge levels on the roles and functions of the MPs
among respondents was recorded among respondents from Mazabuka (65.4%) and Kitwe
(62.1%). Chongwe district had the lowest knowledge levels on the roles and functions of MPs
(42.0%).
As shown by Figure 4, about 66 percent of respondents knew the names of their serving
member of parliament. There were slight differences in the levels of knowledge between
males and females. Males were about 1.2 times more likely to know the name of their serving
area member of parliament than their female counterparts. Districts from Southern Province
had the highest proportion of respondents who knew the names of their area members of
parliament compared to districts from the other two provinces. Almost 9 in every 10
respondents in Gwembe and Mazabuka were able to mention the name of their area MP.
Kitwe and Chongwe had the lowest proportion of the population who knew the names of
their serving members of parliament (49% and 51% respectively). Differences were also
noted within districts, between males and female respondents. The widest gap was in Kitwe,
where one was likely to find two males for every one female who knew the name of their area
MP. There were no marked differences between men and women in Mazabuka and Gwembe.
Table 4: Percentage of respondents who were aware of the official roles of Members of Parliament and their
Names by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016
Roles and functions Total
The role of an MP is to oversee national

72.0 67.0 55.8 34.5 62.2 51.3 58.2
expenditures and budget allocations.
The role of an MP is to represent the

89.1 91.9 86.2 78.7 95.7 92.1 89.1
people in parliament.
The role of an MP is to hold the executive

65.4 62.9 49.4 28.2 58.6 48.3 53.1
accountable.
The role of an MP is to give out

71.9 75.2 54.7 41.2 71.7 48.7 61.5
constituency development funds.
The role of an MP is not to assist
residents in the constituency with 37.2 23.2 46.6 27.9 47.4 42,2 37.5
personal and family needs like funerals.
The role of an MP is not to provide
money to the constituents for their 36.8 32.4 65.2 41.7 56.9 56.8 48.3
personal needs.
Annex pg.11
Table 4: Percentage of respondents who were aware of the official roles of Members of Parliament and their
Names by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016
Roles and functions Total
Knew roles and functions of MPs

(average)
62.1 58.8 59.7 42.0 65.4 59.4 58.0
Knew the name of the serving member
49.0 66.7 57.1 50.7 86.5 89.2 65.8
of parliament
Knew roles and functions and names of

MPs (average)
55.6 62.8 60.5 46.4 76.0 74.3 61.9
Respondents were asked to state the name of their serving area Member of Parliament (MP).
Figure 4 presents the summaries by gender and district respectively of the proportion of the
study population who were aware of the names of the area members of parliament.
100
90
80
Percentage
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Copperbelt Lusaka Southern Total
Male 63.68 69.11 65.40 57.69 91.18 89.74 72.46
Female 35.04 64.20 50.66 43.58 81.63 88.72 59.50
Total 49.02 66.67 57.14 50.69 86.50 89.23 65.83
Male Female Total
Figure 4: Percentage of population who knew names of their Area Member of Parliament
b) Awareness and knowledge on roles, functions and location of Constituency Offices
When it comes to knowledge of roles of constituency offices (COs), the average of responses
for respondents who correctly identified roles and functions of constituency offices and
responded correctly on the location of their constituency offices was at 34.8%. Findings show
that the average knowledge about COs stood at about 41.0%. Knowledge levels in the male
population was higher (by 13 percentage points) than among females. As shown in Table 5,
knowledge of the roles and functions of the constituency offices was highest in Mazabuka
with 37.8% and lowest in Chongwe with only 27.6%. The average level of knowledge in the
population in all the districts was very low (below 40%).
Annex pg.12
Table 5: Percentage of respondents who were aware of the official roles of Constituency Offices and
parliament by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016
Roles and functions of CO Total
Through constituency offices the

Member of Parliament can collect
concerns of the Zambian population 57.0 54.2 67.2 49.6 74.8 51.4 59.3
and raise these issues in Parliament.
A constituency office serves to inform

citizens on parliamentary work and
political developments at the 56.1 48.3 55.1 38.3 71.0 48.6 53.1
national level.
A constituency office serves not to

allocate and provide financial
contributions to their constituents 24.3 12.0 39.4 20.9 20.1 12.0 23.9
when they lack the financial
resources (funerals, health care etc.).
A constituency office serves not as

the personal office of the area MP 15.1 19.9 24.0 25.6 38.5 49.6 27.8
Knew roles and functions of COs

(average) 38.1 33.6 46.4 33.6 51.1 40.4 41.0
Knew the location of their

constituency offices 32.9 33.3 27.6 21.5 24.4 29.0 28.5
Knowledge of roles and location of

Constituency Offices (overall 35.5 33.5 37.0 27.6 37.8 34.7 34.8
average)
Table 6 presents information on the percentage of respondents who correctly described the
location of the National Assembly Constituency Office in their constituency.
Table 6: Percentage of respondents who knew the location of constituency offices, by district and gender,
CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q220)
Percent Number of
Name of District
Male Female Total Male Female Total
Lusaka 36.2 21.1 27.6 85 64 149

Chongwe 29.3 13.4 21.5 54 24 78
Mazabuka 32.5 15.9 24.4 66 31 97
Gwembe 35.7 22.3 29.0 70 44 114
Masaiti 41.9 24.6 33.3 109 63 172
Kitwe 42.2 24.0 32.9 94 56 150
Total 36.7 20.7 28.5 478 282 760
The table shows that 71.5% of respondents did not know the location of their constituency
office. Chongwe has the lowest proportion (21.5%) of the population who knew the location
of the constituency office followed by Mazabuka which stands at 24.4%. Though marginally,
Masaiti and Kitwe reported the highest percentage (about 33%) among the six surveyed
districts.
Annex pg.13
c) Knowledge on roles, functions of Parliament
Knowledge of roles and functions of parliament was calculated as the average of responses
for respondents who correctly identified roles and functions of parliament. As shown in Table
7, knowledge of the roles and functions of the parliament was on average at 56.7 percent.
Knowledge on the roles and functions of parliament was highest among respondents from
Mazabuka (65.9%), followed by Kitwe (61.3%), then Lusaka (57.3%). Chongwe reported the
lowest level of knowledge of the roles and functions of parliament in its population with an
average of 44.5%.
Table 7: Percentage of respondents who knew of the official roles of parliament by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Study, February 2016
Roles and functions of Parliament Total
The role of the parliament is to

represent the will of the Zambian 89.9 84.5 82.6 80.4 97.5 86.5 86.7
people.
The role of the parliament is to pass

laws that constitute Zambia’s legal 76.8 70.9 71.1 51.8 91.9 78.6 73.6
framework
The role of the parliament is to

provide oversight (financial and 70.9 62.6 56.3 34.2 66.2 56.5 58.5
political) of government operations
The parliament is not responsible for

the daily administration of the state 10.5 10.9 17.0 14.6 17.0 10.5 12.7
by enforcing law.
The role of the parliament is not to

provide financial support to
constituents for their personal needs 58.2 39.5 59.4 42.4 56.8 15.3 52.1
(funerals, weddings, etc.).
Knew roles and functions of

Parliament (average) 61.3 53.7 57.3 44.7 65.9 49.5 56.7
d) Average knowledge on MPs, Constituency Offices and Parliament
To calculate the average knowledge among the population on knowledge of MPs,

Constituency Offices and Parliament, firstly an average of all the responses for each of the
sections were computed as described above. In a second step an average of the average values
of the three sections above was computed as follows:
(Average Section A) + (Average Section B) + (Average Section C) / 3
The study established that the overall average knowledge levels on MPs, Cos and Parliament
among the population are at about 51.1%. Knowledge on this aspect was higher in Mazabuka
(59.9%) and lowest in Chongwe (39.6%).
Overall, respondents were more likely to know the roles and functions of MPs (61.9%) than
they did for Parliament (56.7%) and Constituency Offices (34.8%).
Annex pg.14
Table 8: Average knowledge on MPs, Constituency Offices and Parliament by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Study, February 2016
Total
Knew roles, functions and names

of MPs 55.6 62.8 60.5 46.4 76.0 74.3 61.9
Knew roles, functions and

location of COs 35.5 33.5 37.0 27.6 37.8 34.7 34.8
Knew roles and functions of

Parliament 61.3 53.7 57.3 44.7 65.9 49.5 56.7
Average knowledge on MPs,

Constituency Offices and 50.8 50.0 51.6 39.6 59.9 52.8 51.1
Parliament
2.4 Awareness and knowledge of paralegals
a) Awareness and knowledge of paralegals and services they provide
Knowledge and Awareness of the paralegals and services they provide was calculated as
follows:
1. Establish the proportion of respondents that indicated to know who paralegals were.
2. Establish among the proportion of respondents that had an idea of who paralegals
were, actual knowledge that they had on services they provide. To calculate the
average knowledge about services provided by paralegals, the average of responses
for respondents who correctly identified services was computed.
3. Establish the correct proportion of the population who reported to know paralegals
and actually had knowledge about the services they provide by multiplying the
proportion indicating to know who paralegals are and the average knowledge levels as
established in the second step.
Respondents were asked to state whether they knew who paralegals are and later requested to
state the services provided by paralegals. Detailed information on these questions is presented
in Table 9 and summarised in Figure 5.
FIGURE 5 shows that, 31.2% of the population reported to know who paralegals are.
Gwembe had the highest proportion of the population (58.8%) who expressed knowledge of
paralegals followed by Kitwe where 48.1% of the population reported knowledge on
paralegals. In Chongwe only 5.5% of the population reported to have knowledge on
paralegals.
The figure also shows that among the respondents reporting to have knowledge about
paralegals the actual average knowledge levels on paralegals and their services stood at only
14.5%. Again, actual knowledge on paralegals and their services was higher in Gwembe,
followed by Kitwe, Masaiti then Mazabuka than in other districts. Districts from Lusaka
Province demonstrated the lowest levels of actual knowledge on paralegals and their services.
Table 9 shows a very low level of knowledge on who paralegals are and the services they
provide. The knowledge levels among the study population on paralegals and the services
Annex pg.15
they provide stood only at 4.5%. Gwembe had the highest knowledge levels (19.5%) on
paralegals and the services they offer followed by Kitwe, which stood at 10.1%. In Chongwe
average knowledge levels were only at 0.1%. Similarly in Lusaka the average knowledge
levels were at only 0.9%.
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Kitwe Masaiti Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe Total
Percentage of population who states to know who paralegals are

Average knowledge about services provided by paralegals
FIGURE 5: KNOWLEDGE ON PARALEGALS AND SERVICES
Baseline Study, February 2016
Selected Paralegal Services Total
Percentage of population
who states to know who 48.1 33.7 13.1 5.5 27.8 58.8 31.2
paralegals are (Q222)
Knowledge about paralegal
services
Paralegals provide
41.2 25.6 10.5 3.3 23.2 57.3 26.9
mediation services.
Paralegals provide legal
assistance for free or at 34.1 23.5 11.0 4.4 23.5 51.0 24.6
very low costs.
29.1 15.4 10.1 1.7 12.8 12.6 13.6
assistance in prisons.
assistance to victims of 37.7 25.2 11.4 4.7 25.5 53.8 26.4
gender-based violence.
Paralegals refer cases to
31.7 20.6 8.8 2.5 19.8 49.0 22.1
other service providers.
assistance for statutory 31.9 19.8 7.7 2.8 15.0 36.1 18.9
law and customary law.
Paralegals do not provide
therapeutic services such 5.6 5.2 3.1 0.3 3.2 19.7 6.0
as counselling.
Annex pg.16
Baseline Study, February 2016
Selected Paralegal Services Total
Paralegals do not
12.1 8.9 7.5 1.1 5.0 16.9 8.7
represent clients in court.
Paralegals do not provide
legal assistance in criminal 23.2 13.3 6.8 2.8 14.8 43.7 17.0
cases only.
Average knowledge about
services provided by 20.9 13.6 6.8 1.9 11.6 33.1 14.5
paralegals (Q223)
Awareness on paralegals
and knowledge on their 10.1 4.6 0.9 0.1 3.2 19.5 4.5
services (average)
b) Awareness on Civil Society Organisations providing paralegal services
Respondents were given a basic definition of paralegals and then asked whether they knew
civil society organisations (CSOs) in their district providing such kind of services as well as
the names of those organisations.
Study findings as presented in Table 10 indicate that only 20.8% of the population knew
organisations in their districts that can be consulted for legal services. About 22.3% of males
compared to 19.4% of females knew organisations in their districts that can be consulted for
paralegal assistance. In Chongwe only 4.2% of respondents knew organisations that provide
paralegal services, with 7.2% males and 1.1% females. Similarly only 7.3% of the Masaiti
population knew of the organisations that offer paralegal services. Gwembe had the highest
proportion with about 61.7% of the population with knowledge of the organisations providing
paralegal services in the district.
Table 10: Percentage of respondents who knew about the existence of Civil Society Organisations in their
district, where they can consult for paralegal services, according to gender, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study,
February 2016 (Q224)
Percent Number of respondents
Name of District
Kitwe 24.0 15.1 19.4 53 35 88
Masaiti 6.7 7.8 7.3 17 20 37
Lusaka 21.7 12.9 16.8 51 38 89
Chongwe 7.2 1.1 4.2 13 2 15
Mazabuka 17.7 22.6 20.1 36 44 80
Gwembe 60.9 62.4 61.7 117 123 240
Total 22.3 19.4 20.8 287 262 549
Annex pg.17
c) Average awareness and knowledge about paralegals and paralegal CSOs
In order to establish the overall average awareness and knowledge levels in the population on
paralegals and paralegal CSOs the following formula was used to compute an overall average
figure:
(Average Section A) + (Average Section B) / 2
Using this formula the overall average on awareness and knowledge levels in the population
on paralegals and paralegal CSOs was established at 12.7%.
Table 11: Overall Percentage awareness and knowledge levels in the population on paralegals and
paralegal CSOs by District, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016
Total
Awareness on paralegals
and knowledge on their 10.1 4.6 0.9 0.1 3.2 19.5 4.5
services
Percentage of respondents
who knew about the
existence of Civil Society 19.4 7.3 16.8 4.2 20.1 61.7 20.8
Organisations in their
district
Overall average on
awareness and knowledge
levels in the population on 14.8 6.0 8.9 2.2 11.7 40.6 12.7
paralegals and paralegal
CSOs
2.5 Demand Analysis
a) Institutions population consults on legal issues
This section presents findings regarding the demand analysis for civil and political rights as
well as possibilities for using paralegal services. A total of 600 respondents were reached
with the questionnaire on demand analysis. Error! Reference source not found. shows that
41.4% of the study population is likely to utilise legal assistance. Almost all the respondents
(91.0%) would consult the police for legal services. Findings also show that a significant
proportion (69.2%) would also consult traditional leaders for legal advice, especially in rural
areas. About 59.2% of the study population would use paralegal civil society organizations
(CSOs) for advice on legal issues.
Table 12: Institutions population would consult on legal issues by locality in percentages, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Study, February 2016 (Q301)
Percent Number
State/non-state institutions
Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total
Paralegal/Paralegal civil society 66.4 53.5 59.2 81 83 164
organizations (CSOs)
Police 87.6 93.5 91.0 155 217 372
Witch doctor 16.7 4.9 9.9 10 4 14
Annex pg.18
Table 12: Institutions population would consult on legal issues by locality in percentages, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Percent Number
State/non-state institutions
Traditional leader 80.9 47.3 69.2 140 44 184
Church 50.6 47.9 49.0 43 58 101
District Counsel 32.9 35.9 34.6 26 37 63
Courts 73.8 80.3 77.6 73 139 232
Lawyer 20.3 44.7 36.4 13 55 68
Other 15.0 24.7 20.9 9 23 32
I would not seek for legal assistance. 0.0 2.5 1.5 0 2 2
I don’t know 10.5 3.8 6.6 6 3 9
Total 41.34 39.91 41.45 556 665 1241
Table 20 (in Annex 1) also shows the institutions that the population is likely to consult on
specific legal issues. About 44.6% of the population would consult the Paralegal / CSO when
faced with an issue related to access to land. When a family member was a victim of a crime,
about 43.8% would consult a paralegal or CSO. A total of about 43.9% would consult a
paralegal or CSO when being charged with a crime. Similarly about 52% of the population
are likely to consult a paralegal or CSO when faced with problems that violate political or
civil rights. A similar proportion would also consult a paralegal or CSO when a family
member is a victim of gender-based violence or child abuse. The proportion of the population
who would consult the police and traditional leaders on specific legal issues was
proportionately high.
b) Level of willingness to consult paralegal or paralegal CSO
Respondents were asked to state the level of willingness to consult a paralegal CSO if they
encountered a legal problem. Figure 6 presents the level of willingness on a five-point scale.
70
60
50
Percent
40
30
20
10
0
Very High Rather High Medium Rather low Very Low
Rural Urban Total
Figure 6: Level of willingness to consult paralegals
The figure shows that willingness among the study population to consult paralegals of CSO
on legal issues stands at 54.8%. Willingness to consult paralegals was higher in rural areas
(61.2%) than in urban areas (48.7%). Related information as presented in Error! Reference
Annex pg.19
source not found., also indicates high levels of willingness for respondents who had
consulted paralegals before to consult paralegals again. About 94.7% of the respondents who
had consulted a paralegal before affirmed that they would consult a paralegal again when
faced with a legal challenge. This implies high satisfaction with previous services provided
by paralegals. Once again the satisfaction level was slightly higher in rural areas than in
urban areas.
Table 13: Level of willingness to consult paralegal or paralegal CSO by locality CSPP2.0 Baseline Study,
February 2016 (Q311 – Q313)
Percent Number
Measure of willingness
Level of willingness to consult

paralegal
Very High 61.2 48.7 54.8 150 124 274
Rather High 8.6 11.5 10.1 22 31 53
Medium 13.3 27.9 20.8 32 70 1.2
Rather low 4.7 3.3 4.0 10 7 17
Very Low 12.2 8.6 10.3 25 22 47
Percentage of respondents who
ever consulted a paralegal 12.5 9.3 10.9 32 25 57
before
If respondent consulted a paralegal before would they consult a paralegal again
Definitely, Yes 84.4 68.0 77.2 27 17 44
Yes 12.5 24.0 17.5 4 6 10
Not sure 0.0 8.0 3.5 0 2 2
Definitely No 3.1 0.0 1.8 1 0 1
c) Most commonly faced legal issues
Respondents were asked to state three most important legal issues faced in their area.
FIGURE 7 shows that the majority of the population (88.3%) face land related issues
followed by family matters (83.2%) and gender based violence related cases (79.8%). The
least cited legal issues were property matters (18.7%). See Figure 7 and Table 19 in Annex 1.
Annex pg.20
Do not know
Property matters
All other criminal offenses
Gender-based violence/Child abuse
Labour matters
Family matters
Land Issues
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Total Female Male
Figure 7: Percentage distribution of most dominant legal issues faced by the population
d) Assessment of needs for paralegal services
Respondents were further asked to state specific services they would seek from paralegals.
Table 14 presents percentage distribution of these services by sex of respondent. The majority
(93.5%) of the respondents stated that they would seek services on how to solve legal
problems from paralegals. This was followed by 90.6% of respondents who would seek
education on what their rights were. Representation in court on any legal matter was
highlighted by 77.3% of respondents. The least stated issue was communication with
relatives in case of arrest (44.1%).
Table 14: Most dominant legal issues respondents would seek advice from paralegals in percentage, by
gender, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q320 )
Most dominant legal issues respondents would Percent Number of

consult paralegals on
Advice on how to solve legal problems 95.2 91.6 93.5 220 196 416
Education on what my rights are 90.5 90.8 90.6 182 167 349
Representation in court on any legal matter 79.1 75.2 77.3 136 112 248
Mediation on inter-personal conflicts 58.6 48.7 53.6 65 55 120
Referrals to other providers (eg health, police) 73.9 62.2 68.1 88 74 162
Communication with relatives in case of arrest 48.0 40.4 44.1 47 42 89

Others 14.1 11.2 12.5 9 9 18
Annex pg.21
e) Relevance of political and civil rights
Respondents were asked to identify up to five political and civil rights they consider most
important to themselves. Data are presented in Table 15, below.
Table 15: Most important political and civil rights as identified by population, by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Selected civil and political rights Copperbelt Lusaka Southern Total
considered important Kitwe Masaiti Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe
Freedom of expression: Freedom of

89.4 83.3 93.5 88 81.1 79.6 85.8
speech
Freedom of assembly: Right to

54.8 58.0 56.0 30.0 21.8 58.8 46.6
participate in demonstrations/rallies
Freedom of association: Right to form
or be member of an organisation, 63.2 65.5 45.0 35.0 30.0 56.2 49.2
political party or trade union
Protection from slavery and forced

78.4 66.7 88.5 885 26.7 37.0 64.3
labour
Right to personal liberty: Protection
against arbitrary arrests and 75.7 52.9 71.9 58.8 49.3 48.5 59.5
imprisonment
Right to life: Abolishment of the death

76.3 70.2 92.7 72.7 92.7 71.1 79.3
penalty
Protection from inhuman treatment:
Protection from torture and physical 58.6 43.6 84.1 77.8 34.9 42.9 57.0
punishment
Protection from discrimination based
on sex, race, religion, disability or 50.0 29.5 64.3 52.9 35.1 79.2 51.8
disease etc.
Protection from arbitrary invasions of
your privacy (searches of your home or 50.0 30,3 47.4 10.0 25.4 32.0 33.0
surveillance of communication)
Freedom of conscience: Right to
40.0 48.1 50.0 42.9 67.3 72.2 53.4
choose your religious believes
Freedom of movement: Right to travel
freely in Zambia and to choose your 69.2 68.8 66.6 42.9 47.1 69.2 60.6
area of settlement
Right to Marry 59.4 55.0 79.3 53.3 55.1 53.1 59.2

Protection of children from
exploitation: No child labour, ill- 59.5 63.4 66.7 64.3 36.1 66.7 59.5
treatment, child trafficking
Right to own property: Protection

48.3 43.2 64.0 18.2 42.4 56.8 45.5
from deprivation of property
Right to fair trial: Right to appear at a
court before being sent to prison, right
to a defender, right to appeal, right to 56.8 50.0 31.2 18.2 26.8 63.9 41.2
being sentenced within reasonable
time)
Annex pg.22
Table 15: Most important political and civil rights as identified by population, by district, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Selected civil and political rights Copperbelt Lusaka Southern Total
considered important Kitwe Masaiti Lusaka Chongwe Mazabuka Gwembe
Right to participate in politics 48.0 38.9 36.8 33.3 37.1 63.6 43.0
Access to public information 21.1 20.0 21.4 25.0 39.7 21.7 24.8
Freedom of the press 10.5 13.8 21.4 0.0 7.8 0.0 8.9
None of these rights are important to

5.6 3.7 0.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 3.2
me
From the table above, about that 86% of the respondents cited Freedom of Expression:
Freedom of Speech as most important followed by the Right to Life: Abolishion of the death
penalty (79.3%), then Protection from slavery and forced labour (64.3%). The least cited
political and civil rights were Freedom of the Press (8.9%), Access to Public Information
(24.8%) and Freedom of Conscience: Right to choose your religious believes (33.0%).
f) Sources of information for political and civil rights
Respondents were asked to identify three main sources of information on civil and political
rights. Table 16 presents the percentage distribution of respondents who mentioned each of
the information sources. Just like other studies, this study revealed that the most common
source of information on civil and political rights among the study population was the radio
(92.2%) followed by TV (78.0%), and friends (54.6%). The newspaper was identified as an
important source of the information on civil and political rights by 50.7% of the respondents.
Name of District
Source of information Total
Count 56 29 102 48 93 75 403
Radio
% 91.8 82.9 96.2 84.2 93.0 96.2 92.2
Count 22 8 34 13 26 16 119
Friends
% 71.0 53.3 53.1 43.3 55.3 51.6 54.6
Count 56 17 93 4 22 42 234
TV
% 90.3 73.9 91.2 19.0 50.0 87.5 78.0
Count 27 9 30 8 17 21 112
Newspaper
% 75.0 47.4 44.1 32.0 42.5 63.6 50.7
Count 2 1 0 0 2 1 6
Constituency office
% 15.4 9.1 0.0 0.0 7.1 5.9 4.4
Count 1 13 3 24 20 1 62
Traditional leader
% 7.7 68.4 6.1 66.7 47.6 5.9 35.2
Count 1 0 0 1 4 1 7
MP
% 8.3 0.0 0.0 5.3 13.8 5.6 5.1
Relatives Count 7 5 0 4 10 8 34
Annex pg.23
Name of District
Source of information Total
% 36.8 35.7 0.0 20.0 29.4 32.0 21.1
Count 7 1 1 13 6 1 29
NGO
% 38.9 9.1 2.0 43.3 20.7 5.6 18.7
Count 0 0 2 4 0 0 6
Civic Leader
% 0.0 0.0 4.0 19.0 0.0 0.0 4.4
Count 11 7 13 9 16 4 60
Schools
% 50.0 46.7 22.8 34.6 41.0 20.0 33.5
Count 0 0 2 0 2 0 4
Universities
% 0.0 0.0 3.9 0.0 7.1 0.0 2.9
Count 9 1 4 0 1 3 18
Internet
% 47.4 9.1 7.8 0.0 3.7 15.0 12.3
Count 3 1 2 0 3 5 14
Markets
% 20.0 9.1 3.9 0.0 10.3 25.0 9.7
Count 3 3 8 21 15 10 60
Churches
% 21.4 27.3 15.1 56.8 38.5 38.5 33.3
Count 4 0 4 2 1 2 13
Places of work
% 25.0 0.0 8.2 10.0 3.7 11.8 9.4
Any other source of Count 1 0 1 9 10 7 28
information on civil and
political rights % 7.7 0.0 2.0 33.3 31.3 31.8 18.3
Does not know any source Count 6 3 0 7 0 1 17
of information on civil and
political rights % 37.5 25.0 0.0 31.8 0.0 5.6 11.9
g) Platforms for Political Engagement
The study also attempted to establish the perception on the effectiveness of platforms for
political engagement. The findings are presented in Error! Reference source not found..
The table shows that elections were identified by 42.7% of the population as an effective
platform for political engagement. The Parents-Teacher Association was identified by 30.5%
of the respondents as an effective platform for political engagement. Most of the other
platforms are either not known by the population or the respondents never participated in
them and therefore could not rate them.
Table 17: Perception of effectiveness of platforms for political engagement in percent, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Platform for political engagement Level of effectiveness

Cannot Cannot rate
rate it: I it: I have
dont never
know participated
this in this Very Very
platform platform ineffective Ineffective Effective effective
Elections 2.7 13.0 8.8 8.6 42.7 24.4
Annex pg.24
Table 17: Perception of effectiveness of platforms for political engagement in percent, CSPP2.0 Baseline
Platform for political engagement Level of effectiveness

Cannot Cannot rate
rate it: I it: I have
dont never
know participated
this in this Very Very
platform platform ineffective Ineffective Effective effective
Public commission hearings such as the 26.1 48.4 7.5 5.0 8.9 4.1
constitution making process or the legal and
justice sector Office
Constituency reform/ commission
MP 16.8 50.1 9.9 8.8 9.7 4.7
Ward Development Committee 25.0 50.1 7.0 6.2 8.3 3.5
District Development Coordinating 28.5 52.9 8.0 4.3 2.9 2.3

Committee
Provincial Development Coordinating 30.3 52.1 8.0 4.3 2.9 2.3
Committee
CDF Committee 24.1 54.8 6.7 4.7 6.2 3.3
Parents-Teacher Association 9.1 31.3 6.2 5.8 30.5 17.1
V-WASHE 28.2 48.3 6.4 3.4 7.0 6.8
Health Groups 8.5 39.6 7.5 3.3 26.6 14.6
Other 7.5 58.2 13.4 1.5 7.5 11.93
Annex pg.25
Annex I – Long Tables
Table 18: Awareness of Civil and Political Rights

Percentage of Respondents who are aware of the following civil and political rights that can be reinforced in the courts of
law, by district, CSPP2.0, February 2016 (Q201)
Civil and Political Rights Total
The Right to vote is a right that I
can claim in court. 94.6 93.7 93.4 88.4 98.4 96.7 94.2
Freedom of assembly is a right

89.1 87.6 71 59.9 84 90.9 80.4
that I can claim in court.
Freedom from slavery is a right 94.1 88.5 82.7 75.5 91.5 88.9 86.9
Freedom of movement is a right

95 91.9 83.1 81.5 94.2 94.1 90.0
The Right to Marry is a right that I

95.4 95.8 90.8 85 91.7 88.8 91.3
can claim in court
The Right to a fair trial is a right 84.9

92.6 92.6 71.3 93 90.6 87.5
The Right to participate in politics

82.7 83.7 83.2 70.7 88.o 87.8 81.6
is a right that I can claim in court.
The Right to appeal is a right that I
95.8 90.8 82.5 73.1 95.7 91.3 88.2
can claim in court.
The Right not to be discriminated

based on my sex is a right that I 92.5 85.9 78.1 70.3 85.2 88.5 83.4
can claim in court.
if I am living with a disability is a 92.3 89.4 81 67.2 86.7 88.8 84.2
right that I can claim in court.
if I am living with HIV/AIDS is a 89.6 86.5 81.1 68.3 86.2 88 83.3
The Right for children to be
protected from exploitation is a 95.6 86.1 86.6 87.6 94 90.1 90.0
The Right to not be tortured is a
86.8 75.7 88.4 77.2 89.2 86 83.9
The Right to choose my religion is

96.3 96.3 92.4 89.9 94 98 94.5
a right that I can claim in court.
The Right to basic education is a

97.3 95.7 87.8 90.7 88.7 95.1 92.6
The Right to life is a right that I can

96.2 94.9 93.7 91.8 95.7 94.9 94.5
claim in court.
The Right to freely express my
opinion is a right that I can claim 93.6 86.4 72.7 72.5 89.1 92.9 84.5
in court.
The Right to freely associate is a 91.5
93.6 90.4 69.9 74.2 94.4 85.7
Annex pg.1
Table 18: Awareness of Civil and Political Rights
Percentage of Respondents who are aware of the following civil and political rights that can be reinforced in the courts of
law, by district, CSPP2.0, February 2016 (Q201)
Civil and Political Rights Total
The Right to be equal before the
law is a right that I can claim in 91.7 85.5 83.4 70.1 85.9 80 82.8
court.
The Right to a defender is a right
93.4 90.7 81.7 76.5 93 88.2 87.3
The Right to own property is a 97.4 95.9 84.4 77.2 95.2 96.2 91.1
The Right to privacy is a right that I

95.8 92.4 84.4 75.1 88.4 89.0 87.5
can claim in court.
The Right to personal liberty is a

89.3 88.7 71.2 66.5 91.6 95.9 83.9
The Right to a pollution free
environment is a right that I 17.4 28.3 37 46.3 16.5 20.0 27.6
cannot claim in court*
The Right to participate in
constitution making process is a 25.7 32.5 31 49.8 26 23.9 31.5
right that I cannot claim in court*
The Right to wear a gun is a right
that I cannot claim in court* 79.6 82.6 87.3 82.6 67.8 75.9 79.3
The Right to internet is a right that

I cannot claim in court* 18.5 42.7 46.5 63.9 47 48.3 44.5
The Right to safe and clean water

is a right that I cannot claim in 1.6 4.5 10.7 10.7 5.1 3.0 5.9
court*
Freedom of the press is a right
that I cannot claim in court* 13.2 27.5 33.9 52.8 38.9 39.1 34.2
The Right to employment is a right

that I cannot claim in court* 6 10.3 19.5 11.2 15.8 5.8 11.4
The Right to shelter is a right that I

cannot claim in court* 3.1 3.9 24.7 25.5 6.6 2.3 11.0
The Right to access public

information is a right that I cannot 12.1 22.7 33.4 31.9 32.6 19.1 25.3
claim in court*
The Right to health and social
services is a right that I cannot 4.5 6.1 21.1 18 6.3 3.9 10.0
claim in court*
The Right to an enabling economic
environment is a right that I 15.6 24.7 43.3 56.4 38.1 14.8 32.2
cannot claim in court*
Aware of selected civil and 64.84
68.76 69.14 67.55 64.99 69.15 67.4
political rights
* These are not political or civil rights. Percentages shown here are for those who did not identify them as civil or political rights
Annex pg.2
Table 19: Most dominant legal issues faced by the population in percentage in their area, by gender, CSPP2.0
Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q319 )
Percent Number of
Most dominant legal issues respondents face
Land Issues 90.2 86.0 88.3 184 154 338
Family matters 85.2 81.1 83.2 144 129 273
Labour matters 56.2 49.1 52.8 63 52 115
Gender-based violence/Child abuse 84.0 75.6 79.8 136 121 257
All other criminal offenses 63.6 59.2 61.3 75 77 152
Property matters 23.7 13.9 18.7 18 11 29

Do not know 16.2 16.0 16.1 11 13 24
Annex pg.3
Table 20: Institutions population would consult on specific legal issues by issue in percentages, CSPP2.0 Baseline Study, February 2016 (Q302 – Q310)
Sources of legal advice

Potential legal issues for seeking legal
don’t know
Traditional
advice
Paralegal
Counsel
Lawyer
District
Church
doctor
Courts
leader
Police
Witch
Other
None
CSO
count 91 221 3 263 21 171 226 50 22 1 10
Access to land
% 44.6 76.5 2.2 82.7 14. 3 66.0 76.4 28.4 15.3 0.8 7.1
When you or one of your family count 89 401 7 130 46 17 193 85 20 132 10
members is a victim of a crime % 43.8 92.8 5.0 58.8 27.4 11.6 74.8 42.1 14.1 100.0 7.2
count 90 290 1 115 36 10 206 118 22 3 18

When being charged with a crime
% 43.9 81.7 0.8 53.7 22.8 7.2 75.5 53.9 15.3 2.2 12.8
When facing problems with count 121 209 3 105 80 21 201 30 33 6 76
regards to discrimination (PwD,
women, people living with HIV % 54.0 73.3 2.3 50.0 43.5 14.0 73.9 19.0 21.4 4.4 39.6
etc.)
Legal issues in regards to family count 106 163 7 134 106 18 312 53 29 3 16
matters (divorce, child
% 50.0 64.4 5.1 57.8 52.5 12.6 86.0 30.5 19.1 2.3 11.0
maintenance, succession)?
Problems that violate your count 114 265 4 66 23 22 217 63 18 7
political or civil rights, who would
% 52.1 79.8 3.0 37.7 15.9 14.7 77.5 34.2 12.4 5.1 26.9
you consult?
count 97 155 3 63 19 33 207 58 39 6 82
When facing labour issues
% 47.1 60.5 2.3 35.6 13.2 20.9 75.3 32.8 24.4 4.4 42.1
When you or one of your family count 114 401 6 83 33 10 207 38 20 2 7
members is a victim of gender-
% 52.3 94.4 4.4 42.8 20.8 7.1 74.5 23.3 14.1 1.5 5.1
based violence or child abuse
When you are involved in a count 95 265 6 126 26 25 257 44 19 1 13
property dispute, who would you
% 47.3 81.5 4.4 57.0 17.1 16.3 81.1 27.5 13.2 0.8 9.1
consult?
4
Annex II: Study Questionnaire
Levels of Awareness and Knowledge of Selected Political/Civil Rights and 2016

the Utilization of Paralegal Services
Province Name: ___________________ District Name:

_______________________________
Constituency Name: ________________ Name of the Ward:
___________________________
City/Village/Town/Chiefdom: _______________________
Region: 1- Rural 2-Urban
Introduction:
My name is………………………………………………. I am working with Mlemba and

Associates to collect information related to the Civil Society Participation Program on behalf
of GIZ. We are collecting information on the levels of awareness of community members on
their civil and political rights and utilization of available paralegal services.
This assessment will gather data to help GIZ develop programmes to raise awareness of
community members, Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and other stakeholders on political
and civil rights as well as raising awareness on paralegal services.
It is up to you whether or not to be in this study. If you do volunteer

to participate, you can stop being in this study at any time. If you decide to be in the study,
or if you decide later to drop out, no one will be informed of this.
You should ask the people in charge of this study, Dr Musonda Lemba questions you may
have about this assessment. You should ask him questions in the future if you do not
understand something about the study.
If you want to talk to anyone about this research study because you think you have not been
treated fairly or have been hurt by being in the study, you should contact the person in
charge, Dr Lemba on 0955802414 or Mr Chrispin Chomba (+260977888828). You may also
call ERES Converge on XXXXXX if you require any further details.
Date of Interview: __ __/__ __/__ __ (DD/MM/YY)
Name of Interviewer: ________________________ Interviewer Code: __ __ __
Time of the Interview – Start Time: __ __:__ __ End Time: __ __:__ __
GIZ Baseline Survey Questionnaire

5
INSTRUCTIONS: Read out every Question as it is written in this questionnaire. Read
out the appropriate instructions at the beginning of each section before proceeding with the
interview.
SECTION 1: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
# Questions and filters Response Categories Response

1- Male
101 Sex of respondent
2- Female
102 Age of the respondent

|___|___|
1- Primary
What is your highest educational 2- Secondary
103
qualification? 3- Tertiary
4- Never been to school
1- Single
2- Married
104 What is your current marital status?
3- Divorced
4- Widowed
How many people live in your household Children ______
105
including yourself? Adults ______
What is the main source of water in your
household?
1- Safe Water Source
106
CHECK AGAINST LISTED WATER 2- Unsafe water sources
SOURCES IN INTERVIEWERS MANUAL
What kind of toilet facilities does your

household have?
1- Unsafe Toilet
107
CHECK AGAINST LISTED WATER 2- Safe Toilet
SOURCES IN INTERVIEWERS MANUAL
1 – Up to ZMW 600
2 – ZMW 601 – ZMW
1200
3 – ZMW 1201 – ZMW
2000
What is the the accumulated monthly
108 4 – ZMW 2001 – ZMW
income in this household?
3500
5 – ZMW 3501 – ZMW
6000
6 – More than ZMW 6000
7 – I don’t know

6
SECTION 2: Awareness and Understanding of Civil and Political Rights, Roles of
Constituency offices and MPs and Utilization of Paralegal Services
SECTION 2.1: Awareness and Understanding of Selected Political and Civil Rights
Response Respons
# Questions and filters
Categories e
I am going to read to you some statements and ask you if this is a right that exists in
Zambia or not. PLEASE READ OUT THE FOLLOWING DEFINITION: We are asking
about those rights that are guaranteed under the Constitution of Zambia or other
laws of Zambia and that can be legally claimed in court once violated.
201
You can answer with “Yes”, “No” or “I don’t know”.
Instruction: Please read out the statements one by one and ask the respondents to
choose between 1-Yes, 2-No or 3- I don’t know. Please tick the respondent’s answer!
1- Yes
(a) The Right to vote is a right that I can claim in court. 2- No
77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to a pollution free environment is a right 2- No
(b)
that I can claim in court 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to participate in constitution making 2- No
(c)
process is a right that I can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
Freedom of assembly is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(d)
court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to wear a gun is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(e)
know
1- Yes
Freedom from slavery is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(f)
know
1- Yes
Freedom of movement is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(g)
know
1- Yes
The Right to internet is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(h)
know
1- Yes
The Right to safe and clean water is a right that I can 2- No
(i)
claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
7
Response Respons
Categories e
1- Yes
(j) The Right to Marry is a right that I can claim in court 2- No
77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to a fair trial is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(k)
know
1- Yes
The Right to participate in politics is a right that I can 2- No
(l)
know
1- Yes
(m) The Right to appeal is a right that I can claim in court. 2- No
77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right not to be discriminated based on my sex 2- No
(n)
is a right that I can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right not to be discriminated if I am living with 2- No
(o)
a disability is a right that I can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right not to be discriminated if I am living with 2- No
(p)
HIV/AIDS is a right that I can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
Freedom of the press is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(q)
know
1- Yes
The Right for children to be protected from 2- No
(r)
exploitation is a right that I can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to not be tortured is a right that I can claim 2- No
(s)
in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to employment is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(t)
know
1- Yes
The Right to choose my religion is a right that I can 2- No
(u)
know
1- Yes
The Right to basic education is a right that I can
(v) 2- No
claim in court.
77- I don’t

8
Response Respons
Categories e
know
1- Yes
2- No
(w) The Right to life is a right that I can claim in court.
77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
(x) The Right to shelter is a right that I can claim in court. 2- No
77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to freely express my opinion is a right that 2- No
(y)
I can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to freely associate is a right that I can 2- No
(z)
know
1- Yes
The Right to access public information is a right that 2- No
(aa)
know
1- Yes
The Right to health and social services is a right that 2- No
(bb)
know
1- Yes
The Right to be equal before the law is a right that I 2- No
(cc)
can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to a defender is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(dd)
know
1- Yes
The Right to an enabling economic environment is 2- No
(ee)
a right that I can claim in court. 77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to own property is a right that I can claim in 2- No
(ff)
know
1- Yes
2- No
(gg) The Right to privacy is a right that I can claim in court.
77- I don’t
know
1- Yes
The Right to personal liberty is a right that I can claim 2- No
(hh)
in court. 77- I don’t
know

9
Questions and
# Response Categories Response
filters
I am now going to read out some statements. Please decide which of the following
statements are in accordance with existing Zambian law! There is only one correct
answer per question. If you don’t know the correct answer, please answer with “I
don’t know”!
Instruction: Please give the respondent the card with all answers! Read out the
responses per question. Multiple answers are not possible!!! Please tick one
response from the respondent.
1.) In Zambia anyone can be imprisoned at any
Only one response
time without a court hearing.
of the following is
2.) According to the Zambian constitution one can
correct. Please
only be imprisoned upon decision by a court.
202 indicate the
3.) The Zambian constitution protects individuals
response you think
from slavery but not from arbitrary
is correct or “I don’t
imprisonment.
know”!
4.) I don’t know.
1.) In some cases the laws of Zambia allow for
Only one response
physical punishment and torture
of the following is
2.) The constitution provides for protection from
correct. Please
torture and physical punishment without any
203 indicate the
limitations.
response you think
3.) The laws of Zambia only protect children from
torture and physical punishment.
know”!
4.) I don’t know.
1.) The Zambian laws provide for protection from
Only one response discrimination with some limitations when it
of the following is comes to customary law.
correct. Please 2.) Zambian laws do not provide any protection
204 indicate the from discrimination.
response you think
3.) Zambian law only provides for protection from
discrimination at the workplace.
know”!
4.) I don’t know.
1.) The police may search you or your home and
open your mail or listen to your phone calls at
Only one response
any time.
of the following is
2.) The police can search you or your home, take
correct. Please
your private possessions or listen to your
205 indicate the
phone calls only upon decision of a court.
response you think
3.) The police can never search you or your
home, take your private possessions or listen
know”!
to your phone calls.
4.) I don’t know.
1.) In Zambia anyone may form an association
Only one response (organisation) or belong to an association. This
of the following is includes political parties and trade unions.
correct. Please 2.) In Zambia anyone may form an association
206 indicate the (organisation) but not a political party or trade
response you think union.
is correct or “I don’t 3.) In Zambia you need special permission to form
know”! an association by the president.
4.) I don’t know.
10
1.) In Zambia it is a constitutional right to choose
Only one response
your own religion.
of the following is
2.) In Zambia it depends on your parents which
correct. Please
religion you belong to.
207 indicate the the
3.) In Zambia Christians have more rights than
response you think
other religious groups because Zambia is a
Christian nation.
know”!
4.) I don’t know.
1.) In Zambia every citizen who has attained the
age of 18 can participate in elections without
Only one response
registration.
of the following is
2.) To be able to participate in elections in Zambia
correct. Please
you have to attain the age of 18 and register as
208 indicate the
a voter before the elections.
response you think
3.) A Zambian citizen that attained the age of 18 is
entitled to only vote a politician that belongs to
know”!
its own tribe.
4.) I don’t know.
1.) In Zambia, the presidential candidate with the
Only one response highest number of valid votes will be elected.
of the following is 2.) In Zambia the presidential candidate needs
correct. Please more than 50% of the valid votes in order to be
209 indicate the elected.
response you think 3.) A presidential candidate that is not a Christian
is correct or “I don’t needs 75% of the valid votes in order to be
know”! elected.
4.) I don’t know
Only one response 1.) In Zambia the police has to give permission to
of the following is hold demonstrations and rallies.
correct. Please 2.) In Zambia the police only needs to be notified
210 indicate the of any demonstrations and rallies.
response you think 3.) In Zambia opposition parties are not allowed to
is correct or “I don’t hold demonstrations or rallies.
know”! 4.) I don’t know.
1.) The Bill of Rights offers special protection from
exploitation of children.
2.) The Bill of Rights offers special protection from
Only one response exploitation of women.
of the following is 3.) The Bill of Rights offers special protection from
correct. Please exploitation of persons living with HIV/AIDS.
211 indicate the 4.) The Bill of Rights offers special protection from
response you think exploitation of all of the above mentioned
is correct or “I don’t groups.
know”! 5.) The Bill of Rights offers special protection from
exploitation of none of the above mentioned
groups.
6.) I don’t know.
Only one response 1.) If you are a victim of gender-based violence,
of the following is you are entitled to free medical examinations
correct. Please and a free police report.
212 indicate the 2.) Only women can be victims of gender-based
response you think violence and report to police.
is correct or “I don’t 3.) You can’t report violence committed to you by
know”! your partner to the police if you are married.

11
4.) I don’t know.
1.) In Zambia you have the right to a defender if
Only one response you are accused of a crime.
of the following is 2.) In Zambia you have the right to have the trial
correct. Please translated into a language that you understand.
213 indicate the 3.) In Zambia you have the right to appeal to a
response you think higher court.
is correct or “I don’t 4.) None of the above statements are correct.
know”! 5.) All of the above statements are correct.
6.) I don’t know.
1.) In Zambia you have to be presumed innocent
Only one response until proven guilty.
of the following is 2.) In Zambia you have the right to remain silent
correct. Please during the trial and not to testify.
214 indicate the 3.) In Zambia you can’t be prosecuted a second
response you think time for a crime that you were earlier tried for.
is correct or “I don’t 4.) None of the above statements are correct.
know”! 5.) All of the above statements are correct.
6.) I don’t know.
1.) In Zambia you have the right to apply for bail.
Only one response
2.) In Zambia you have the right to apply for
of the following is
parole.
correct. Please
3.) In Zambia you have the right to apply for
215 indicate the
pardoning.
response you think
4.) None of the above statements are correct.
5.) All of the above statements are correct.
know”!
6.) I don’t know.
Only one response
1.) You can’t transfer customary land into state
of the following is
land
correct. Please
2.) Women are not allowed to hold land
216 indicate the
3.) According to the laws of Zambia you can hold
response you think
state land for a tenure of 99 years
4.) I don’t know.
know”!
SECTION 2.2: Awareness and Understanding of the Roles and Functions of

Parliament, MPs and Constituency Offices
Response Respons
Categories e
What is the name of the Member of Parliament
1- Respondent knows
(MP) in your constituency?
his/her Area MP
217 2- Respondent does
Instruction: Please read out the question and
not know his/her
check the response against the names of MPs
Area MP
for each constituency in the interviewer’s manual.
What do you think are the official roles of Members of Parliament? Please indicate
for each statement “Yes”, “No” or “I don’t know”!
218
Instruction: Read out the statements and the possible responses one by one. Tick
respondent’s answers after every statement!
12
The role of an MP is to assist residents in the 1- Yes
(a) constituency with personal and family needs like 2- No
funerals. 3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The role of an MP is to oversee national
(b) 2- No
expenditures and budget allocations.
3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The role of an MP is to provide money to the
(c) 2- No
constituents for their personal needs.
3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The role of an MP is to represent the people in
(d) 2- No
parliament.
3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The role of an MP is to hold the executive
(e) 2- No
accountable.
3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The role of an MP is to give out constituency
(f) 2- No
development funds.
3- I don’t know
What are the major roles of a constituency office? Please indicate for each
statement “Yes”, “No” or “I don’t know”!
219
Through constituency offices the Member of 1- Yes
(a) Parliament can collect concerns of the Zambian 2- No
population and raise these issues in Parliament. 3- I don’t know
1- Yes
A constituency office serves as the personal office of
(b) 2- No
the area MP.
3- I don’t know
A constituency office serves to inform citizens on 1- Yes
(c) parliamentary work and political developments at the 2- No
national level. 3- I don’t know
A constituency office serves to allocate and provide
1- Yes
financial contributions to their constituents when they
(d) 2- No
lack the financial resources (funerals, health care
etc.). 3- I don’t know
1- Respondent
Where is your constituency office located? Knows where
constituency office
Instruction: Please read out the question and
220 is located
check the response against the location of
constituency offices for each constituency in 2- Respondent does
the interviewer’s manual. not know location
of CO.
What are the roles of the Zambian parliament? Please indicate for each statement
“Yes”, “No” or “I don’t know”!
221
(a) The role of the parliament is to represent the will of 1- Yes
13
the Zambian people. 2- No
3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The role of the parliament is to pass laws that
(b) 2- No
constitute Zambia’s legal framework.
3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The parliament is responsible for the daily
(c) 2- No
administration of the state by enforcing law.
3- I don’t know
The role of the parliament is to provide financial 1- Yes
(d) support to constituents for their personal needs 2- No
(funerals, weddings, etc.). 3- I don’t know
1- Yes
The role of the parliament is to provide oversight
(e) 2- No
(financial and political) of government operations.
3- I don’t know
SECTION 2.3: Knowledge and Understanding of paralegal services and possibilities

to utilize paralegal services provided by CSOs.
Response Respons
Categories e
We will now talk about people that are trained to 1- Yes
offer legal assistance. Do you have an idea who
these so called “paralegals” are? 2- No
(GO TO 224)
222
Instruction: PLEASE READ OUT THE TWO
SENTENCES FOR QUESTION #222! Read out 3- I don’t know
the possible responses (Yes, no, I don’t know) and ( GO TO
tick respondent’s answers. 224)
Which of the following statements about paralegals are correct? Please indicate for
each statement “Yes”, “No” or “I don’t know”!
223
1- Yes
2- No
(a) Paralegals provide mediation services.
3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
Paralegals provide therapeutic services such as 2- No
(b)
counselling. 3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
Paralegals provide legal assistance for free or at 2- No
(c)
very low costs. 3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
2- No
(d) Paralegals represent clients in court.
3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
(e) Paralegals provide legal assistance in prisons.
2- No

14
3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
Paralegals provide legal assistance to victims of 2- No
(f)
gender based violence. 3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
Paralegals provide legal assistance in criminal 2- No
(g)
cases only. 3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
2- No
(h) Paralegals refer cases to other service providers.
3- I don’t
know
1- Yes
Paralegals provide legal assistance for statutory law 2- No
(i)
and customary law. 3- I don’t
know

READ OUT!: Paralegals are community members or CSO employees who received a
minimum legal training. This training enables them to provide some basic legal advice and
mediation to people who can’t afford the services of a lawyer. They provide these services at
no or low costs. The services of a paralegal may also encompass communication with
relatives or referrals to other service providers.
According to this Definition, do you know

any civil society organization (CSOs) in this 1- Yes
district where you can consult paralegals
224 for legal assistance? 2- No
( No need to ask
Instruction: Please read out the question 225)
and tick the respective response!
 ________________________
Please name some of these CSOs which  ________________________
offer paralegal services in your district.  ________________________
 ________________________
225 Instruction: Please read out the question  ________________________
and list the CSOs mentioned by the  ________________________
respondent!  ________________________
 ________________________

15
SECTION 3: DEMAND ANALYSIS OF OBSTACLES THAT THE POPULATION
CURRENTLY MEETS IN TRYING TO ACCESS / CONSULT (PARA-) LEGALS;
SECTION 3.1: Identification of state and non-state institution that the population
consults for legal Issues
Response (max.
three in total)
Where would you seek for legal assistance in your community? Please indicate a
maximum of three institutions you would consult for legal assistance.
Instruction: Provide a card with different institutions as listed below and read
301
them out! Tick a maximum of three institutions under “responses”. Please note, the
respondents can choose between 0 and 3 items. Please let them know, that they
don’t have to choose three! They are just not allowed to choose more than three.
(a) Paralegal/Paralegal civil society organizations (CSOs)

(b) Police
(c) Witch doctor
(d) Traditional leader
(e) Church
(f) District Counsel
(g) Courts
(h) Lawyer
(i) Other (don’t specify)
(j) I would not seek for legal assistance.
(k) I don’t know
I am now going to read out a few possible legal issues. For each legal issue, please decide
who you would consult for legal assistance in your community. For each legal issue please
choose a maximum of three institutions you would seek for legal assistance.
Instruction: Provide the same card as under question # 301. Read out the different
questions on legal issues! Read out the possible responses! Tick a maximum of three
institutions per legal issue in the respective cells. The respondents can choose between 0
and 3 items but they don’t have to choose three!
# Questions Responses (max. three per legal issue)

16
/
Paralegal CSO
on legal issues
Witch doctor
I don’t know
Traditional
Paralegal
Lawyer
Counsel
Other
Church
District
None
Courts
leader
Police
a b c d e f g h i j k
When facing legal issues
302 with access to land, who
would you consult?
When you or one of your
family members is a victim
303
of a crime, who would you
consult?
When being charged with a
304 crime, who would you
consult?
When facing problems with
regards to discrimination
305 (PwD, women, people living
with HIV etc.), who would
you consult?
Who would you consult for
legal issues in regards to
306
family matters (divorce, child
maintenance, succession)?
When facing problems that
violate your political or civil
307
rights, who would you
consult?
When facing labour issues
308
who would you consult?
When you or one of your
family members is a victim
309 of gender-based violence or
child abuse, who would you
consult?
When you are involved in a
310 property dispute, who would
you consult?
SECTION 3.2: Willingness of the Population to Consult (Para-) Legal Desks;

READ OUT!: Paralegals are community members or CSO employees who received a
minimum legal training. This training enables them to provide some basic legal advice and
mediation to people who can’t afford the services of a lawyer. They provide these services at
no or low costs. The services of paralegals may also encompass communication with
relatives or referrals to other service providers.
According to this definition, what is your level of 1- Very high

311
willingness to consult a paralegal / paralegal 2- Rather high
17
CSO if you had a legal problem? 3- Medium
4- Rather low
Instruction: Read out the possible responses! 5- Very low
Tick the respondents answer!
According to this definition, have you ever

consulted a paralegal for a legal problem?
1- Yes
312
2- No (GO TO 315)
Instruction: Read out the possible responses!
Tick the respondents answer!
1- Definitely Yes
Based on your experience with paralegal (GO TO  315)
service providers, would you consult paralegals 2- Yes
again when you seek legal assistance? (GO TO  315)
313
3- Not Sure
Instruction: Read out the possible responses! (GO TO  315)
Tick the respondents answer! 4- No
5- Definitely No
Why wouldn’t you seek for paralegal services when facing a legal problem?
314
Instruction: Read out the statements from and the possible responses one by one.
Tick the respondent’s answer after every statement!
I would not seek for paralegal assistance, 1- Yes
(a)
because I cannot afford them. 2- No

(b)
because they are too far away 2- No

(c)
because I don’t trust them 2- No

(d)
because they are not professional 2- No
1- Yes
(e) Other (please specify only one)
2- No
SECTION 3.3: Obstacles that the population currently meets when trying to access
paralegals and lawyers

In case you ever wanted to access
legal assistance from a paralegal, did
1- Yes
you face any challenges?
2- No (GO TO317)
315 3- I have never tried to access
Instruction: Read out possible
legal advice by paralegals
responses and tick the respondent’s
before (GO TO  317)
answer.
316 If YES, Indicate the MAIN problem 1- Didn’t know where to seek
18
you faced. for
legal services
2- I cannot afford the services
of
Instruction: Only one response is a paralegal
possible. Read out possible 3- Office of the paralegal is too
responses and tick the respondent’s far away
answer. 4- Paralegal is often not
available (at the office)
5- Other (please specify only
one) _____________
In case you ever sought advice of a

lawyer, did you face any challenges in
1- Yes
accessing his/her services?
2- No (GO TO319)
317 3- I have never tried to access
Instruction: Read out possible
legal advice of a lawyer
before (GO TO  319)
answer.
1- I didn’t know where to seek

for legal services by a
lawyer.
2- I cannot afford the services
If YES, Indicate the MAIN problem
of
you faced.
a lawyer
3- There is no lawyer in my
318 Instruction: Only one response is
area
possible. Read out possible
4- They were too busy and I
could not get an
answer.
appointment with them.
5- Other (please specify only
one) ______________
____________
SECTION 3.4: Identification of most frequent legal issues faced by the population
Response
# Questions and filters Response Categories (max. of
three)
What are the three most important 1- Land issues (title deeds,
legal issues faced by the population in eviction, conflicts with
your area? neighbours)
2- Family matters (divorce,
child maintenance,
319 Instruction: Please read out the succession disputes)
responses. Tick a maximum of three 3- Labour law (all
legal issues. Please note, the employment issues)
respondents can choose between 0 4- Gender-based violence /
and 3 items. Please let them know, that Child abuse
they don’t have to choose three! 5- All other criminal

19
They are just not allowed to choose offenses
more than three. 7- Property matters
8- Other (please specify
only one)
_____________
9- I don’t know
SECTION 3.5: Assessment of the user needs in terms of paralegal services

Response
# Questions and filters (max. of
three)
I will read out some services. Please indicate which of these services you would like
to receive from paralegals if they were made available to you. Please indicate a
maximum of three services that are most important to you.
320 Instruction: Please read out the services and tick a maximum of three services
under “responses”. Please note, the respondents can choose between 0 and 3
services. Please let them know, that they don’t have to choose three! They are
just not allowed to choose more than three.
(a) Legal advice on how to solve legal problems
(b) Education on what my rights are
(c) Representation in court on any legal matter
(d) Mediation on inter-personal conflicts
Referrals to other service providers (e.g. health services, police,

(e)
social welfare)
(f) Communication with relatives in case of arrest, imprisonment
(g) Other (don’t specify)
SECTION 3.6: Identification of most relevant political and civil rights for the
population
Response
(max. of five)

20
Response
(max. of five)
What are the most important political and civil rights for you? Please indicate a
maximum of five rights that are most important to you.
321 Instruction: Please provide a card with different political and civil rights as listed and
read them out. Tick a maximum of five rights under “responses”. Please note, the
respondents can choose between 0 and 5 rights. Please let them know, that they
don’t have to choose five! They are just not allowed to choose more than five.
(a) Freedom of expression: Freedom of speech
Freedom of assembly: Right to participate in
(b)
demonstrations/rallies
Freedom of association: Right to form or be member of an
(c)
organisation, political party or trade union
(d) Protection from slavery and forced labour
Right to personal liberty: Protection against arbitrary arrests and
(e)
imprisonment
(f) Right to life: Abolishment of the death penalty
Protection from inhuman treatment: Protection from torture and
(g)
physical punishment
Protection from discrimination based on sex, race, religion,
(h)
disability or disease etc.
Protection from arbitrary invasions of your privacy (searches of
(i)
your home or surveillance of communication)
(j) Freedom of conscience: Right to choose your religious believes
Freedom of movement: Right to travel freely in Zambia and to
(k)
choose your area of settlement
(l) Right to Marry
Protection of children from exploitation: No child labour, ill-
(m)
treatment, child trafficking
(n) Right to own property: Protection from deprivation of property
Right to fair trial: Right to appear at a court before being sent to
(o) prison, right to a defender, right to appeal, right to being sentenced
within reasonable time)
(p) Right to participate in politics
(q) Access to public information
(r) Freedom of the press
(s) None of these rights are important to me

Response
(max. of three)

21
What is your main source of information on civil and political rights? Please indicate a
maximum of three sources that are most important to you for receiving information on
civil and political rights!
322
Instruction: OPEN QUESTION!!! Please don’t read out possible responses. Let the
respondent name a maximum of three sources and tick them according to the above
mentioned categories!
(a) Radio
(b) Friends
(c) TV
(d) Newspaper
(e) Constituency office
(f) Traditional leader
(g) MP
(h) Relatives
(i) NGO
(j) Civic Leader
(k) Schools
(l) Universities
(m) Internet
(n) Markets
(o) Churches
(p) Places of work
(q) Other (please specify)
(r) None

22
SECTION 3.7: IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENT PLATFORMS FOR POLITICAL
ENGAGEMENT
Resp
onse
How do you rate the effectiveness of the following platforms for political
participation? Please only rate those platforms you have engaged with at least
once.
323
Instruction: Please read out the platforms for political engagement (one by one)
and the respective responses. Let the respondent rate the platform. Please tick
the answer that is given to you. Please tick only one response per platform!
Cannot rate it: I

Cannot rate it:
never participated
I don’t know this
Very ineffective
in this platform
Very effective
Ineffective
Platforms for political engagement
Effective
platform
(a) Elections 77 0 4 3 2 1
Public commission hearings such
as the constitution making process
(b) 77 0 4 3 2 1
or the legal and justice sector
reform commission
(c) Constituency Office / MP 77 0 4 3 2 1
(d) Ward Development Committee 77 0 4 3 2 1
District Development Coordinating

(e) 77 0 4 3 2 1
Committee
Provincial Development
(f) 77 0 4 3 2 1
Coordinating Committee
(g) CDF Committee 77 0 4 3 2 1
(h) Parents-Teacher Association 77 0 4 3 2 1
(i) V-WASHE 77 0 4 3 2 1
(j) Health Groups 77 0 4 3 2 1
(k) Other: _______________ --- --- 4 3 2 1
THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION
Annex III: List of CSO Commonly Encountered During The Survey

23
1) Lusaka District
1 Caritas Zambia (CZ)
2 Catholic Church
3 CHURCH
4 Churches Health Association of Zambia (CHAZ)
5 COMMUNITY
6 COURTS
7 District community
8 FAWEZA
9 FORGETTEM
10 Hospital
11 Human Rights Commission
12 JUSTICE FOR WOMEN
13 LEGAL AID BOARD
14 LEGAL DESH
15 MOST ADVANCY ORGANIS
16 MWALE
17 NASIXE ASSOCIATE
18 National Legal Aid Clinic for Women (NLACW)
19 Transparency International Zambia (TIZ)
20 UCZ
21 UNICEF
22 Victim support group
23 Victim Support Unit (VSU)
24 WHO
25 WISA
26 Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)
27 World Vision
28 Young Men Christian Association (YMCA)
29 Young Women Christian Association (YWCA)
30 Young women in Action
31 Zambia Civic Education Association (ZCEA)
32 Zambia legal women

24
2) Chongwe District
1 Catholic Church
2 Chongwe magistrate
3 COURTS
4 FAWEZA
5 FIDELITY
6 LEGAL AID BOARD
7 Legal Resources Foundation (LRF)
8 National Legal Aid Clinic for Women (NLACW)
9 RHODES PARK
11 WOMENS RIGHTS
3) Mazabuka District
1 A Safer Zambia (ASAZA)
2 CCYP
3 COMMUNITY
4 PAF
5 Social Welfare
7 WORLD VISION
4) Gwembe District
1 COUNCIL CENTRE
2 COURTS
3 Law Development Association (LADA)
4 Zambia Land Alliance (ZLA)
5) Masaiti District
BATWESHE
1 AMNEST International
3 Catholic Church
4 CATHOLIC LEGAL OFFICE
5 Catholic Relief Services (CRS)
6 CAWST
7 Chief
8 CHURCH
9 Churches Health Association (CHAZ)

25
10 Civil Human Rights
11 COMMUNITY CHAIRMAN
12 CONSULTANT FIRMS
13 Copperbelt Health Education Programme (CHEP)
14 FAWEZA
15 Government offices
16 HEADMAN
17 LENATO
18 LIFE LINE
19 NGOCC
20 NGOs
21 Social Welfare
22 TRADITIONAL LEADER
6) Kitwe District
2 Catholic Church
3 CATHOLIC COMMISIONER
4 CHURCH
5 Council of Churches of Zambia (CCZ)
6 JCCP
7 LEGAL AID BOARD
8 Legal Resources Foundation (LRF)
9 NGOCC
10 PARALEGAL
11 Southern African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (SACCORD)
12 Transparency International Zambia (TIZ)
14 Women for Change (WfC)
15 Young Men Christian Association (YMCA)
17 Zambia Civic Education Association (ZCEA)
18 Zambia Land Alliance (ZLA)

26

02 - Baseline Study On Awareness of Rights

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02 - Baseline Study On Awareness of Rights

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BASELINE SURVEY REPORT

Levels of Awareness and Knowledge

Prepared by: MLemba and Associates (the consultant)

Submitted to: GIZ, Zambia (the client)

Civil Society Participation Programme

Kariba Road, Kalundu

Table 1: Distribution of the Sample by District and Sex of Respondent ................................................. 5

1.2 Study Objectives

And to carry out a demand analysis in order to identify:

1.3.1 Sampling and Sample Size

A technical determination of the sample size requires a number of preliminary calculations in

1.3.2 Sample Design

a) Strategy of Selection Of Elements

(i) Calculating the sampling interval, I, for each stratum

is the number of districts to be selected in the stratum.

(ii) Calculating the cumulated size of each stratum.

(iii) Calculating the sampling numbers

R, R+I, R+2I, ..., R + (a-1)I,

where R is a random number between 1 and I.

1. Calculating the sampling interval

number of households to be selected in the selected district.

1.3.3 Data Collection Instruments

One standardized questionnaire was used reflecting comprehensively questions related to

1.3.4 Administration of the survey

2 Presentation of the Baseline Findings

2.1 Description of the Sample

Age (median) 34 30 1310 1373 2683

Education level (%) (M=1310; F=1373)

a) Awareness of civil and political rights

b) Knowledge of political and civil rights

According to the laws of Zambia you can

Average knowledge levels of selected

a) Knowledge on the roles, functions and names of Members of Parliament

The role of an MP is to oversee national

The role of an MP is to represent the

The role of an MP is to hold the executive

The role of an MP is to give out

Knew roles and functions of MPs

Knew roles and functions and names of

Male Female Total

b) Awareness and knowledge on roles, functions and location of Constituency Offices

Through constituency offices the

A constituency office serves to inform

A constituency office serves not to

A constituency office serves not as

Knew roles and functions of COs

Knew the location of their

Knowledge of roles and location of

Lusaka 36.2 21.1 27.6 85 64 149

The role of the parliament is to

The role of the parliament is to pass

The role of the parliament is to

The parliament is not responsible for

The role of the parliament is not to

Knew roles and functions of

d) Average knowledge on MPs, Constituency Offices and Parliament

To calculate the average knowledge among the population on knowledge of MPs,

Knew roles, functions and names