‫)‪1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4‬‬

‫)‪Solved Sheet No (2‬‬

‫اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ )‪Specific Surface Area (SP.S.A‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪ :‬ﱓ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺳﻄﺢ ﳈﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﰷم ابﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻮزن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺎٔﺛﲑ اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻋﲆ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﺮﰷم واﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ )اﺳـﺘﺨﺪام رﰷم ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ واﻟﺰﻟﻂ ﰱ اﳋﻠﻄﺔ(‬
‫* ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﻌﳣﺪ ﺑﺪرﺟﺔ ﻛﺒﲑة ﻋﲆ اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﰷم ﺣﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﰱ ﺣﺎةل اﺳـﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺮﰷم اﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻨﺎﰋ ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺿـﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﻻن اﳌﺴـﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴـﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺻـﻐﲑة‬
‫وابﻟﺘﺎﱃ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟامتﺳﻚ ﺑﲔ اﳊﺒﻴﺒﺎت ﺻﻐﲑة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﰱ ﺣﺎةل اﺳـﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺮﰷم اﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻨـﺎﰋ ﺧﺮﺳـﺎﻧﺔ ﺿـﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﻻن اﳌﺴـﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴـﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻛﺒـﲑة‬
‫وابﻟﺘﺎﱃ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻔﻰ ﲺﻴﻨﺔ الاﲰﻨﺖ ﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟامتﺳﻚ ﺑﲔ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎت اﻟﺮﰷم وﻛـﺬكل ﻟﻜـﱶة ﻳﺴـﺒﺐ زايدة‬
‫اﳌﺎء اﳊﺮ واذلى ﻳﺘﺒﺨﺮ ﻣﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﻓﺮاﻏﺎت داﺧﻠﻴﺔ وابﻟﺘﺎﱃ ﺗﻀﻌﻒ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟامتﺳﻚ وﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔاﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‪.‬‬
‫** ذلكل ﳚﺐ ﲻﻞ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﰷم اﻟﻜﺒﲑ واﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﻻٕﻧﺘﺎج ﺧﻠﻄﺔ ذات ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺳﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺒﺔ)‪28 -26‬‬
‫( ﰟ‪\2‬ﰖ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﲆ ٔاﻗﴡ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫= ‪* (SP.S.A) Mix‬‬ ‫∑‬
‫اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ =‬ ‫)‪(Cm2/gm‬‬
‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﻮزن اﻟﳫﻲ‬

‫)‪Page No (-1-‬‬
 ‫)‪1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4‬‬

‫‪‬ﺣﺪود اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪* (SP.S.A) Sand = (60 -100) Cm2/gm‬‬
‫‪* (SP.S.A) Gravel = (2 -5) Cm2/gm‬‬
‫‪* (SP.S.A) Mix = (26 -28) Cm2/gm‬‬

‫* اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﰷم )‪ : (Unit weight of aggregates) (γ‬وزن وﺣﺪة اﳊﺠﻮم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﰷم ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﱰاوح اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﻣﻞ ﻣﻦ )‪ (1800 - 1500‬ﻛﺠﻢ ‪ /‬م‪. 3‬‬
‫ﺗﱰاوح اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻟﻂ ﻣﻦ )‪ (1800 - 1600‬ﻛﺠﻢ ‪ /‬م‪. 3‬‬

‫*اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻰ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮي )‪:(apparent specific gravity )(G‬‬

‫ﻫﻮ انﰋ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ وزن اﻟﺮﰷم اﳉﺎف ﻋﲆ وزن اﳌﺎء اﳌﺴﺎوي هل ﰱ اﳊﺠﻢ )وزن اﳌﺎء اﳌﺰاح(‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﱰاوح اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮي ﻣﻦ )‪ 2.60‬إﱄ ‪(2.80‬‬
‫*اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻰ اﳌﻄﻠﻖ ﻟﻠﺮﰷم‪:‬‬
‫وزن وﺣﺪة اﳊﺠﻮم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﰷم ﺑﺪون اﻟﻔﺮﻏﺎت ‪.‬‬
‫* ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﻔﺮﻏﺎت ﰱ اﻟﺮﰷم‪:‬‬
‫‪% VOIDS= (1- ) *100 %‬‬

‫)‪Page No (-2-‬‬
 ‫)‪1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4‬‬

‫‪‬ﻗﻮاﻧﲔ ﺣﺴﺎب اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫∑( =‪S.A‬‬ ‫∗‬
‫‪) =….. cm2‬‬

‫اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻰ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮي ﻟﻠﺮﰷم اﳌﺴـﺘﺨﺪم )إذ ﱂ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﺗﻔﺮض ‪G = (2.64‬‬

‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﺮﰷم اﳌﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﺑﲔ ﰻ ﻣﻨﺨﻠﲔ )ﻳﱲ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻄﺮح ﻧﺴﺐ اﳌﺎر ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺨﻠﲔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﲔ ‪Wi :‬‬
‫) اﳌﺎر ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺨﻞ اﻟﺴﻔﲆ( ‪ ) - % pass‬اﳌﺎر ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺨﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻮى( ‪= %pass‬‬
‫‪) .‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺸﲁ( ‪Fi = Form Factor‬‬
‫)‪ (Fi‬ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﰱ اﳌﺴﺎٔةل وٕاذ ﱂ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻳﻔﺮض ﻳﺴﺎوي )‪ (1‬ﻋﲆ ٔاﺳﺎس ٔان اﳊﺒﻴﺒﺎت ﳇﻬﺎ ﻛﺮوﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﳻ ﻟﻘﻄﺮ اﳊﺒﻴﺒﺎت = ‪Di‬‬

‫‪Di = D ∗ D‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﺔ اﳌﻨﺨﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻮى ‪Di :‬‬

‫ﻓﺘﺤﺔ اﳌﻨﺨﻞ اﻟﺴﻔﲆ ‪D i+1 :‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫= ‪* (SP.S.A) Mix‬‬ ‫∑‬
‫اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ =‬ ‫)‪(Cm2/gm‬‬
‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﻮزن اﻟﳫﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬إذ ﱂ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ )‪ (G‬ﺗﻔﺮض ‪. 2.64‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﳑﻜﻦ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﺑﻴﺎانت ﳊﺴﺎب )‪: (G‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪ :‬ﰎ ﲽﺮ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﰷم وزﳖﺎ )‪ (W1‬ﻓﺎٔزاﺣﺖ ﳈﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺎء ﲩﻤﻬﺎ )‪. (V1‬‬
‫=‪∴G‬‬

‫)‪Page No (-3-‬‬
 1st Civvil year –Concreete techn
nology - Notes N
No (4)

Probleem No (1)


Solutio
on
‫ ﻓﺘﺤﺤﺔ اﳌﻨﺨﻞ‬% Pass Di
Wi Fi Wi*Fi/ Di
(mm) ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ااﳌﺎر‬ (cm)
4.76 1
100
4 1.43 0.36702 15.58
1
2.83 9
96
12 1.43 0.19977 85.93
8
1.41 8
84
26 1.41 0.09984 367.2
3
0.7077 5
58
31 1.42 0.05022 876.9
8
0.3577 2
27
22 1.38 0.02511 1209.6
0.1777 5
5 1.36 0.012448 544.90
0.0888 0
∑ 100 31100.11

Pag
ge No (--4-)
 1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4)

(2.83 & 4.76 ‫)ابﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺨﻞ‬: ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻋﲆ اﳊﺴﺎابت‬

W1 = 100-96 = 4

D1 = √4.76 ∗ 2.83 = 3.67 mm= 3.67/10= 0.367 cm

S.A= (∑ ∗
) =….. cm2

= .
* 3100.11 = 7045.7 cm2 .
.
* (SP.S.A) Mix = ∑

.
* (SP.S.A) = =70.45 (Cm 2/gm)

Page No (-5-)
 1st Civvil year –Concreete techn
nology - Notes No (4)

Probleem No (22)


Solutio
on
1--
∵* (SPP.S.A) Saand = 92 Cm2/gm
m
C 2/gm
* (SP.S.A) Graavel = 4 Cm m
* (SP.S.A) Mixx = 30 Cm2/gm
SPP.S.Amix=SP.S.A
= Saand*%san
nd + SP.SS.Agravel*%
% gravel
Assume: % sand= x & % gravel = y
300=92* x + 4* y …..1
∵ x+ y=1
∴ y = 1- x …...2
Frrom 1 & 2 x= 0.295
0 & y= 0.7005

Pag
ge No (--6-)
 1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4)

2-
SP.S.Amix = SP.S.ASand*% sand + SP.S.Agravel*% gravel
SP.S.Amix =92* x + 4* y
sand
No x y ( Sp .S.A)mix
gravel
1 1:1 = .50 = .50 48

2 1:3 = .25 = .75 26

3 2:3 = .40 = .60 39.2

Page No (-7-)
 1st Civvil year –Concreete techn
nology - Notes N
No (4)

Probleem No (33)

: ‫اﳌﺴﺎٔةل‬
‫* ﻓﻜﻜﺮة ﺣﻞ ﺴ‬
SP.S.A (‫ = )رﻣﻞ انﰪ‬95
9 %
∵
∵*(SP.S.A ‫ ?? = )اﳌﻮﺟﻮﻮد ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ‬Cm2/gm
A) Sand (‫ﻂ‬
SP.S.A (‫ = )رﻣﻞ ﺧﺸﻦ‬45 %
‫∵ ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ ﻞ‬
(0.500)= ‫اﻟﺮﻣﻞ اﻟﻨﺎﰪ واﻟﺮﺮﻣﻞ اﳋﺸﻦ ﰱ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ اﳌﺴـﺘﺨﺪم ﰲ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ ﻣﺘﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ‬
∴ (SSP.S.A) Sand
S = 95*0.50 + 45*0.50
4 = 70 Cm2/gm
m2/gm
* (SP.S.A) Gravvel = 5 Cm
m2/gm
* (SP.S.A) Mix = 28 Cm
∵ SP.SS.Amix = SP.S.A
S Sannd*x + SP
P.S.Agravel*y
∴ 28 = 70 * x + 5 * y ……
…1
∵x+y=1 ‫… ))ﶍﻮع ﻧ ﱴ‬.2
(1 = ‫ﺴﺒﱴ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ و ﻟاﻟﺰﻟﻂ ﰱ اﳋﳋﻠﻴﻂ‬
Frrom 1 & 2 x= 0.353
0 ‫ﻧﺴ‬
(‫)ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ‬
y= 0.647 (‫)ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﺰﻟﻂ ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ‬
‫ﺴ‬

Pag
ge No (--8-)
 1st Civvil year –Concreete techn
nology - Notes No (4)

Probleem No (44) H.W

Pag
ge No (--9-)
 ‫)‪1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4‬‬

‫‪Solution‬‬
‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ )اﻟﺮﻣﻞ ‪ :‬اﻟﺰﻟﻂ( ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ = ‪) 1‬رﻣﻞ( ‪) 2 :‬زﻟﻂ(‬
‫ﻗﳰﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ‬
‫= = ‪0.33‬‬ ‫ﻗﳰﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ ‪ +‬ﻗﳰﺔ اﻟﺰﻟﻂ‬
‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ )ر( =‬
‫ﻗﳰﺔ اﻟﺰﻟﻂ‬
‫= = ‪0.67‬‬ ‫ﻗﳰﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ ‪ +‬ﻗﳰﺔ اﻟﺰﻟﻂ‬
‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﺰﻟﻂ ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ )ز( =‬
‫‪ %‬ﻟﻠﻮزن اﳌﺎر ﺧﻠﻴﻂ = ‪ %‬ﻟﻠﻮزن اﳌﺎر رﻣﻞ * ر ‪ % +‬اﻟﻮزن اﳌﺎر زﻟﻂ * ز ‪.‬‬
‫‪ %‬اﻟﻮزن اﳌﺎر ﺧﻠﻴﻂ = ‪ %‬اﻟﻮزن اﳌﺎر رﻣﻞ * ‪ % + 0 .33‬اﻟﻮزن اﳌﺎر زﻟﻂ *‪0.67‬‬
‫اجملﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0.15 0.30 0.60 1.18 2.36 4.76 9.50‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪37.5‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﺔ اﳌﻨﺨﻞ )ﱈ(‬
‫‪309.924 0.33 3.96 16.17 24.75 28.05 33.81 43.05 63.15 96.65‬‬ ‫‪ %‬اﻟﻮزن اﳌﺎر ﺧﻠﻴﻂ‬
‫‪ -1‬اﳌﻘﺎس الاﻋﺘﺒﺎرى اﻻٔﻛﱪ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﻂ = ‪ 38‬ﱈ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺮ اﻟﻨﻌﻮﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﻂ =‬
‫‪309.924 – 900‬‬ ‫‪ – 900‬ﶍﻮع اﻟﻨﺴﺐ اﳌﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻮزن اﳌﺎر ﻋﲆ اﻟﺘﺴﻊ ﻣﻨﺎﺧﻞ‬
‫= ‪5.90‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬

‫)‪Page No (-10-‬‬
 1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4)

SP.S.Amix : ‫( اﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﰷم‬3)

‫ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ اﳌﻨﺨﻞ‬% Pass Di
Wi Fi Wi*Fi/ Di
(mm) ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﳌﺎر‬ (cm)
37.5 96.65
33.5 1.35 2.67 17
19 63.15
20.1 1.35 1.343 21
9.5 43.05
9.25 1.35 0.672 19
4.76 33.81
5.75 1.35 0.335 24
2.36 28.05
3.3 1.35 0.167 27
1.18 24.75
8.58 1.35 0.084 138
0.6 16.17
12.21 1.35 0.042 393
0.3 3.96
3.63 1.35 0.0212 232
0.15 0.33
∑ 96.32 871

Page No (-11-)
 ‫)‪1st Civil year –Concrete technology - Notes No (4‬‬

‫∑( =‪S.A‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫‪) =….. cm2‬‬

‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪* 871=2010 cm2 .‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫= ‪* (SP.S.A) Mix‬‬ ‫∑‬
‫)‪(Cm2/gm‬‬

‫ =‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪= 21 Cm2/gm‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬وزن وﺣﺪة اﳊﺠﻮم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﰷم اﳋﻠﻴﻂ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪)= 1600 kg / m‬اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﻣﻞ( ‪sand‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪)= 1600 kg / m‬اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻟﻂ( ‪gravel‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫‪)= 2.60‬اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻰ ﻟﻠﺮﻣﻞ( ‪sand‬‬

‫‪ )= 2.60‬اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻰ ﻟﻠﺰﻟﻂ( ‪ gravel‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫=)اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﻂ( ‪Mix‬‬ ‫‪) kg / m‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫‪)= 0.33 .‬ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ( = ‪X‬‬

‫‪) = 0.67 .‬ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﺰﻟﻂ ﰱ اﳋﻠﻴﻂ( = ‪Y‬‬
‫∴‬ ‫‪)= .‬اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﻂ( ‪Mix‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪) = 2155.40 kg / m‬‬
‫‪3‬‬

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