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    1.1 Patterns in Nature

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    Kris Cruz
    Patterns are found throughout nature and mathematics. Some common patterns include symmetry, fractals, spirals, waves, tessellations, and meanders. Number patterns establish relationships through rules like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Examples of number patterns are square numbers, cube numbers, and triangular numbers. Identifying patterns helps make predictions and develop mathematical concepts.

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    1.1 Patterns in Nature

    Uploaded by

    Kris Cruz
    203 views10 pages
    Patterns are found throughout nature and mathematics. Some common patterns include symmetry, fractals, spirals, waves, tessellations, and meanders. Number patterns establish relationships through rules like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Examples of number patterns are square numbers, cube numbers, and triangular numbers. Identifying patterns helps make predictions and develop mathematical concepts.

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    Patterns in Nature

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    Patterns are found throughout nature and mathematics. Some common patterns include symmetry, fractals, spirals, waves, tessellations, and meanders. Number patterns establish relationships through rules like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Examples of number patterns are square numbers, cube numbers, and triangular numbers. Identifying patterns helps make predictions and develop mathematical concepts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    203 views10 pages

    1.1 Patterns in Nature

    Uploaded by

    Kris Cruz
    Patterns are found throughout nature and mathematics. Some common patterns include symmetry, fractals, spirals, waves, tessellations, and meanders. Number patterns establish relationships through rules like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Examples of number patterns are square numbers, cube numbers, and triangular numbers. Identifying patterns helps make predictions and develop mathematical concepts.

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    THE NATURE of MATHEMATICS

    I. Patterns and Numbers in Nature and the World

    A pattern is the repeated or regular way in which something happens or is done.


    Patterns are arrangements of things that repeat in a logical way.

    Why do we study patterns? The ability to recognize and create patterns help us make


    predictions based on our observations; this is an important skill in math.
    Understanding patterns help prepare children for learning complex number concepts and
    mathematical operations. Patterns allow us to see relationships and develop generalizations.

    We live in a universe of patterns.


    Patterns in nature are visible regularities of form found in the natural world.
    These patterns recur in different contexts and can sometimes be modelled
    mathematically. Natural patterns include symmetries, trees, spirals, meanders, waves, foams,
    tessellations, cracks and stripes.

    Symmetry is variously defined as "proportion," "perfect, or harmonious proportions,"


    and "a structure that allows an object to be divided into parts of an equal shape and size."
    Fractals are patterns that repeat at different scales: If you zoom in on a picture of
    a fractal, you will still see the same pattern repeated. Fractals are infinitely
    complex patterns that are self-similar across different scales. 

    Trees are natural fractals, patterns that repeat smaller and smaller copies of themselves to
    create the biodiversity of a forest. 

    Broccoli Lightning Plant Root System


    Spirals in Nature

    Spiral in Aloe plant Snail Storm

    Waves and Dunes in nature

    Ocean Waves in sand

    Stripes in Nature

    Zebra Iguana
    Bubbles or Foams in nature
    Tessellations in Nature
    A tessellation is created when a shape is repeated over and over again covering a
    plane without any gaps or overlaps. Another word for a tessellation is a tiling.
    Tessellations can be found on honeycombs, pineapples, and various animals, including
    dragonflies, snakes, and giraffes.

    Tessellation examples
    Dots in Nature

    Meanders in Nature
    A meander is one of a series of regular sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or windings
    in the channel of a river, stream, or other watercourse.
    TRANSFORMATIONS
    A transformation is a dramatic change in form or appearance. There are four main
    types of transformation: translation, rotation, reflection and dilation.
    These transformations fall into two categories: rigid transformations that do not
    change the shape or size of the pre-image and non-rigid transformations that change the size
    but not the shape of the pre-image.

    1. Translation or slide moves a shape in a given direction by sliding it up, down,


    sideways or diagonally.

    2. A rotation (or a turn) is a transformation in which the object is rotated about a


    fixed point. The direction of rotation can be clockwise or anticlockwise..
    3. A reflection (or a flip) can be thought of a getting a mirror image. It has a line of
    reflection or mirror line where the distance between the image and the mirror line
    is the same as that between the original figure and the mirror line.

    4. A dilation is a transformation which changes the size of an object.

    A combination of translation, rotation, and dilation.


    Number pattern
    A number pattern is a sequence in a series of numbers that are linked by a rule.
    This pattern generally establishes a common relationship between all numbers.
    If the rule is to add or subtract a number each time, it is called an arithmetic sequence.
    Examples: Give the next three terms in the sequence.
    1. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, _____, _____, ______
    2. 4, 11, 18, 25, 32, _____, _____, _____
    3. 96, 85, 74, 63, 52, _____, _____, _____

    If the rule is to multiply or divide by a number each time, it is called a geometric sequence.
    Examples: Give the next term in the series.
    1. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, _____
    2. 2, 6, 18, 54, 162, _____
    3. 2048, 1024, 512, 256, 128, _____

    Square Numbers
    What comes next in the sequence 1 , 4 , 9 , 16 , 25 , 36 , … ?

    Cube Numbers
    What comes next in the sequence 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, . . .?

    Triangular Numbers
    A number that can make a triangular dot pattern. 
    0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, 136, 153, 171, 190,
    210, 231, 253, 276, 300, 325, 351, 378, 406, 435, 465, 496, 528, 561, 595, 630, 666...
    Other Number Patterns
    Try to figure out the rule and give the next three terms in the sequence.
    1. 12, 22, 33, 45, 58, 72, ___, ____, ____
    2. 65, 62, 58, 53, 47, ____, ____, ____
    3. 4, 12, 16, 48, 52, 156, 160, ____, ____, ____
    4. 4, 8, 1, 2, -5, -10, -17, ____, ____, ____

    Exercise. Identify the number pattern and fill the missing numbers.
    1. 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, ____, ____, _____

    2. 384, -192, 96, -48, 24, _____, _____, _____

    3. 391, 384, 377, 370, 363, _____, _____, _____

    4. 213, 218, 224, 231, 239, _____, _____, _____

    5. 101, 90, 80, 71, 63, _____, _____, _____

    6. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, _____, _____, _____

    7. 4, 8, 10, 20, 22, 44, 46, _____, _____, _____

    8. 1, 3, -1, -3, -7, -21, -25, _____, _____, _____

    9. 9, 12, 7, 10, 5, 8, 3, _____, _____, _____

    10. 22, 28, 21, 27, 20, 26, _____, _____, _____

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