CHAPTER I

PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND DEFINITION

This chapter discusses the overview of the project as recognized by the

proponents and the factors considered in selecting the project design entitled “Proposed

Design of New Sto. Tomas Public Market and Parking Facilities located in Sto. Tomas

City, Batangas.” To further elaborate on the proposed project, this chapter presented the

project background, location and the objectives of the project.

A. Project Background

Public Market is a structure that serves as the trading center in a certain city or

municipality. According in Senate Bill No.664, “An Act to Provide for a Five-Year

Public Markets Program Involving Infrastructure Improvement, Microfinancing Support,

Institutional Advancement and Consumer Protection” or also known as “Public Markets

Infrastructure Development, Micro-Financing Support and Related Skills Training

Program Act of 2010”, public market is the primary foundation of Philippine's trade and

commerce. It is the place where basic food items and other commodities needed by

consumers are displayed on open stalls and offered at a low price possible. The public

market makes a great contribution not just to the general income and welfare of cities and

municipalities, but also into other aspects such as livelihood opportunities and marketing

services.

A public market is a year-round, carefully crafted, intentional and diverse medley

of owner-operated shops, stalls and/or “daytables”. Public Markets exists to fulfill a

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public purpose, showcase a community’s unique character and culture while serving its

everyday shopping needs. They typically focus on the sale of a full array of fresh,

healthy, value added, and prepared foods – often locally grown or produced. They are

sometimes rounded out by crafts and/or a variety of needed neighborhood businesses.

They usually include a seasonal, outdoor farmer’s market component.

The Public Market or the “Palengke” is the face of business in the different cities

and municipalities of the country, particularly in the non-metropolitan areas. Markets in

the Philippines often showcase a combination of local produce products and goods from

their works for a cheap price. What can be found in the markets greatly depends on the

islands and the season. Aside from common tropical fruits like bananas and mangoes,

famous fruits are often associated with places, not only that, local products and crafts also

vary depending on where they originated from. However, the typical public market is

usually characterized by poor waste management sanitation standards, presence of

unprincipled vendors, lack of compensation mechanism for consumer complaints, and no

established systems of operations. Despite this, many traditional public markets have

been rehabilitated and reconstructed to better assist the growing demand for agricultural

and local products and to appeal to more commercialized consumers.

The inception of a public market was basically affiliated in the birth or founding

of a certain town as it plays an important role in the history, culture, and economy of a

place. The status and credibility of a town can also be seen on their kind of public

markets they have built, and at the same time, public markets also depict the total

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population a certain town has for it needed to serve its purpose as a place for trading off

and accumulating of goods needed by the consumers on that particular area. The public

market is the place where trading of goods happens, and this is also one of the reasons

that entice the migration of people and ended putting up settlements resulting in an

increasing population. For these reasons, it’s been a must for the local government not

just to provide and make sure that their public market could still sustain the needs of the

consumers, secure the safety of the micro and small entrepreneurs, but also to secure its

public market structural integrity.

Sto. Tomas City in Batangas province was one of the oldest towns located at the

foot of the legendary Mt. Makiling which is sixty (60) kilometers south of Manila, and

occupies a total of 10, 032 hectares, as certified by the Land Management Bureau. The

city of Sto. Tomas currently has the old one-storey public market that was constructed

during the regime of former President Jose P. Laurel administration (1943-1945). It

occupies 1.299 hectares and is located at Barangay II, and the other one is the newly

constructed two-storey building that was built last 2018, that is intended for commercial

spaces. Based on interview with the head engineer of the City Engineering Office, Engr.

Padullo, the newly constructed two-storey building will remain and only the existing one-

storey public market will be demolished and will be replaced since it is old and at the

same time, since Sto. Tomas is now a city, meaning there is an increased population, the

public market must also undergo development in order to meet the demand of the

consumers.

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He also added that aside from meeting the demands of the consumers, the new

building that will be built as a replacement for the one-storey public market, will also

give more job opportunities to the residents of the Sto. Tomas City. Meanwhile, at Sto.

Tomas Public Market, it has been observed that the vicinity is jam-packed due to the

insufficient parking spaces. Figure 1 shows the left side of the existing public market that

is adjacent to the newly constructed 2-storey public market which is also shown in Figure

2.

Figure 1. Side View of the Existing Old Public Market

As shown in Figure 1, the current public market houses different stalls and

buildings for market products like meat, fish, fruits and vegetables. Sunday serves as their
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market day during which, transient vendors occupy portions of the parking areas around

the vicinity. Since the market building is too old, proper maintenance on the building is a

must for its improvement by the market administration. The stalls on the old public

market are not sorted according to products and services each one offers leading to

confusion to buyers in the public market especially those who are first time buyers.

Figure 2 shows the two-storey public market that is constructed in the year 2018.

This new building is adjacent to the existing old public market. The public market houses

different stalls offering different products and services each.

As shown in Figure 2 is the newly constructed two-storey public market that is

Figure 2. Newly Constructed Two-Storey Public Market

intended for commercial spaces. Located in the first floor of this building are the stalls for

bakery, bank, pawnshop and remittances, health, wellness and hygienic products, laundry

shop, flower shop, barber shop, school and office supplies, water refilling station, bike

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shop, travel agency, dental and optical clinic, administration office, food cart, and etc. At

the second floor of this building, the stalls located here are the fashion boutique, health

and wellcare, cellphone services and accessories, imported goods, computer services,

footwear, food court, and etc.

According to the City Government Department Head – Market, Dante M. Austria,

the existing old public market was never been renovated ever since it was built. It can

also be observed that the stalls were not organized based on the products each one sells

and majority of the parts of this existing old market were already worn out. Figure 3

shows the current state of the roof and trusses of the existing old public market, while

figure 4 shows one of the stalls that were already worn out.

As shown in the

Figure 3. Roof and Trusses of the Existing Old Public Market

Figure 3, most of the roofs and roof trusses are not in good condition anymore. Some
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roofs were damaged and needs to be replaced for a better resistance against strong winds

and storm protection of the whole structure.

Figure 4. Worn-out Stalls

As shown in figure 4, there were some stalls that cannot be used since it was

already worn-out. If this stall were just maintained properly, it would still give

opportunity for some vendors to sell their products. And creating this opportunity is one

of the reasons why the local government saw a need for building a new public market in

Sto. Tomas City.

Regarding with the water supply that this proposed design of public market will

be needed; there will be no proposed new water tank design since the supply of water of
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the existing water tank will still be sufficient for the proposed design of three-storey

public market. Figure 5 shows the existing water tank of Sto.Tomas City old public

market.

Figure 5. Existing Water Tank

As shown in figure 5, the existing water tank is located on the side of the existing

old public market. This water tank according to the city’s water district, can still supply

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the amount of water that the different stalls will be needed once this proposed design of

public market was constructed.

Meanwhile, last March 19, 2018, the Senate approved the House Bill 5160 or “An

Act Converting Municipality of Sto. Tomas in the Province of Batangas into a

Component City to be known as the City of Sto. Tomas” with a unanimous vote of 19-0.

And on October 5, 2018, Republic Act 11086 was signed by President Rodrigo Duterte

and was ratified last September 7, 2019, on a plebiscite by the electorate of Sto. Tomas.

Cities in the Philippines are classified either a highly urbanized cities or a component

cities. The highly urbanized cities (HUCs) have first and foremost a minimum population

of 200,000 and an annual income of at least fifty million Philippine pesos (₱50 M). Even

though the city of Sto. Tomas have an average annual income of Php230 million, it still

did not meet the criteria of having a minimum population of 200,000 therefore it is not

yet considered highly urbanized city but rather only a component city with a total

population of 179,844 as of the year 2015 being certified by the Philippine Statistics

Authority (PSA). The city of Sto. Tomas has an increased population and at the same

time, as it is becoming more commercialized as evident by the growing commercial,

industrial and business firms with industrial estates that will enable the municipality to be

the center of trade and industry.

A public market’s capacity shall be large enough to accommodate the people in a

community and neighboring municipalities or cities. According to the design standards

and requirements of a public market of the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board, a

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public market can serve a population ranging from 10, 000 to 150,000 people. Based on

the last two censuses conducted by the National Statistics Office (May 2010 and August

2015), the annual growth rate was computed as 7.21 % as shown in Table 1. This

indicates that there must also have to be an increase on the capacity size the public

market could accommodate.

Table 1

Population of Sto. Tomas City Based on 2010 and 2015 Census

Barangay August 2015 May 2010

NSO Census NSO Census
Barangay I 1,846 1,766
Barangay II 2,777 2,291
Barangay III 2,543 1,933
Barangay IV 3,542 2,806
San Agustin 2,400 2,374
San Antonio 11,657 9,085
San Bartolome 7,205 5,897
San Felix 5,548 4,388
San Fernando 2,507 2,174
San Francisco 2,623 2,469
San Isidro Norte 2,289 1,663
San Isidro Sur 2,653 2,309
San Joaquin 4,417 3,844
San Jose 2,785 2,160
San Juan 3,177 3,012
San Luis 2,932 2,414
San Miguel 10,087 6,550
San Pablo 6,083 5,057
San Pedro 5,741 5,202
San Rafael 11,654 6,632
San Roque 9,745 8,909
San Vicente 12,360 8,606
Santa Ana 1,432 1,358
Santa Anastacia 14,666 7,555

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Santa Clara 7,231 5,046

Santa Cruz 2,504 2,104
Santa Elena 2,358 1,638
Santa Maria 27,843 10,169
Santiago 5,978 4,277
Santa Teresita 1,261 1,052
TOTAL 179,844 124,740
Annual Growth Rate is 7.21 % (2010-2015)
Source: 2015 NSO Census
Therefore, using the data shown in Table 1 the projected population by the City

Planning and Development Office of Sto. Tomas City, Batangas from 2019-2015 using

the annual growth rate of 7.21 % has been determined. The population of Sto. Tomas

City as of 2015 is 179,844 and the projected population from 2019-2025 is shown in

Table 2.

Table 2

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Barangay I (Poblacion) 1,979 2,122 2,275 2,439 2,615 2,803 3,005
Barangay II
(Poblacion) 2,977 3,192 3,422 3,669 3,933 4,217 4,521
Barangay III
(Poblacion) 2,726 2,923 3,134 3,360 3,602 3,862 4,140
Barangay IV
(Poblacion) 3,797 4,071 4,365 4,679 5,017 5,378 5,766
San Agustin 2,573 2,759 2,957 3,171 3,399 3,644 3,907
San Antonio 12,497 13,399 14,365 15,400 16,511 17,701 18,977
San Bartolome 7,724 8,281 8,879 9,519 10,205 10,941 11,730
San Felix 5,948 6,377 6,837 7,330 7,858 8,425 9,032
San Fernando 2,688 2,882 3,089 3,312 3,551 3,807 4,081
San Francisco 2,812 3,015 3,232 3,465 3,715 3,983 4,270
San Isidro Norte 2,454 2,631 2,821 3,024 3,242 3,476 3,726
San Isidro Sur 2,844 3,049 3,269 3,505 3,758 4,029 4,319
San Joaquin 4,735 5,077 5,443 5,835 6,256 6,707 7,191
San Jose 2,986 3,201 3,432 3,679 3,945 4,229 4,534

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San Juan 3,406 3,652 3,915 4,197 4,500 4,824 5,172

San Luis 3,143 3,370 3,613 3,874 4,153 4,452 4,773
San Miguel 10,814 11,594 12,430 13,326 14,287 15,317 16,421
Projected Population of Sto. Tomas City, Batangas from 2019-2025

San Pablo 6,522 6,992 7,496 8,036 8,616 9,237 9,903

San Pedro 6,155 6,599 7,074 7,585 8,131 8,718 9,346
San Rafael 12,494 13,395 14,361 15,396 16,506 17,696 18,972
San Roque 10,448 11,201 12,008 12,874 13,803 14,798 15,865
San Vicente 13,251 14,207 15,231 16,329 17,506 18,769 20,122
Santa Ana 1,535 1,646 1,765 1,892 2,028 2,174 2,331
Santa Anastacia 15,723 16,857 18,072 19,375 20,772 22,270 23,876
Santa Clara 7,752 8,311 8,911 9,553 10,242 10,980 11,772
Santa Cruz 2,685 2,878 3,086 3,308 3,547 3,802 4,076
Santa Elena 2,528 2,710 2,906 3,115 3,340 3,581 3,839
Santa Maria 29,850 32,003 34,310 36,784 39,436 42,279 45,328
Santiago 6,409 6,871 7,367 7,898 8,467 9,078 9,732
Santa Teresita 1,352 1,449 1,554 1,666 1,786 1,915 2,053
192,81 206,71 221,61 237,59 254,72 273,09
TOTAL 1 2 6 5 6 1 292,781
Continuation of Table 2…

As shown in Table 2, there is an increase in number of population which would

results to an increase in number of consumers thus resulting to the increase of demand for

products and services. In line with this, the current number of vendors and stalls in the

public market must also increase to accommodate all the consumers. It is recommended

to provide additional stalls for all the vendors to cater the services and needs of all the

consumers in response to the increasing influx of the consumer.

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Buildings and structures are subjected to deterioration during their life, which

comes from natural process of ageing, because of natural calamities and often due to lack

of proper maintenance. An old building like the public market is then proposed to be

reconstructed to improve its current state and adapt the needs of the growing population

in the area. The development of the public market will provide better services for the

customers, extend the life span of the structure and would also to satisfy the needs of

future users.

At the Sto. Tomas Public Market, due to insufficient parking space, the vicinity of

the said structure is jam-packed by the vehicles parked alongside the road. It is a must

that as the number of establishments increases, the parking spaces also increases. But in

this case, this public market has an insufficient parking lot for its customers.

And since Sto. Tomas is now officially a city, the local government saw a need

and planned for having a new, safe and well-structured public market that would give

necessities to their constituents. With this matter, the proponents thought of a way to

utilize the area since the vicinity where the current public market is located occupies a

large ground area, and at the same time to come up with an effective solution to the

growing need of parking spaces in the city. In addressing these problems, proponents

proposed to construct a three-storey public market and parking facilities in Sto. Tomas

City which will help in solving parking problems near the vicinity.

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In addition, good communication and coordination between the government and

the citizens must be acquired for a better and safer public market. The project study

covers different aspects such as architectural, structural, environmental, and

transportation which covers the access road network, parking spaces, and landscapes. The

design parameters for the project are to be in accordance with National Building Code of

the Philippines (NBCP), National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) 2015,

DPWH Standards for Space Requirements for Loading/Unloading in the Development

Shopping Malls, Markets and similar Facilities along National Roads and Design

Guidelines, Criteria and Standard Volume 6: Public Buildings and other Related

Structures.

B. Location of the Project

Batangas is a first class province of the Philippines located on the southwestern

part of Luzon in the CALABARZON region. Its capital is the Batangas City and it is

bordered by the provinces of Cavite and Laguna to the north and Quezon to the east.

Across the Verde Island Passages to the south is the island of Mindoro and to the west

lies the South China Sea. The proposed Site Development Plan of New Public Market

and Parking Facility is to be located in Sto. Tomas City, Batangas.

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Source: Google Images

Figure 6. Map of Batangas

Figure 6 shows the map of Batangas and Sto. Tomas is located at the northeastern

section of the province. It borders the cities of Calamba City to the North, Los Banos to

the North-East, Alaminos to the East and Tanauan City and Malvar to the West and Lipa

City to the South.

According to the Philippines Statistics Authority, the city had a population of 179,

844 and had a land area of 95.41 square kilometers (36.84 sq. mi) constituting 3.06 % of

the total area of Batangas. The city of Sto. Tomas is politically divided into 30 barangays.

The proposed new public market and parking facilities were located in Brgy. II (Pob.),

Sto. Tomas City, Batangas. The population in the said barangay was 2,777.

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Source: Google Images

Figure 7. Map of Sto. Tomas City

Figure 7 shows the location of the Brgy. II (Pob.) in Sto. Tomas City, Batangas. It

also shows its nearby barangays. It is also one of the thirty barangays in the city of Sto.

Tomas, Batangas. It is approximately 1.2 kilometers away from the City Hall of Sto.

Tomas.

According to Socio-Economic Physical Profile 2010-2020 (2019), the city of Sto.

Tomas has a minimum elevation of 5 meter above sea level, an average elevation of 239

meter and a maximum elevation of 1,094 meter above sea level. Figure 8 shows the

topographic map of Sto. Tomas City.

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Source: Google Images

Figure 8. Topographic Map of Sto. Tomas City

Figure 8 shows the elevation of the Sto. Tomas City. The northeastern part of the

city is mountainous being a portion of Mount Makiling. The rest of the city is generally

plain with an elevation of about 37 to 38 meters above sea level. The city proper where

the seat of government lies has an elevation of 42 meters above sea level. the East and

Tanauan City and Malvar to the West and Lipa City to the South.

Figure 9. Vicinity Map of the Project

The shaded portion that is shown in Figure 9 shows the boundary of the Proposed

New Sto. Tomas Public Market and Parking Facilities, which is located in Marhalika

Highway. The public market is surrounded by different establishments such as the

Chooks To Go, 5M’s Merchandise, Don Benito’s Cassava Cake and Pichi-Pichi, KMJ

Poultry Supply, The Generics Pharmacy, Pure Gold, etc.

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C. Objectives of the Study

The general objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive detailed

engineering design of the proposed New Sto. Tomas Public Market and Parking Facilities

located in Brgy. II, Sto. Tomas City, Batangas. The specific objectives are:

1. To develop a perspective design, architectural plans, structural layout, electrical

layout and plumbing layout for the following structures based on the standard

practice of Civil Engineering in the Philippines:

a. Proposed three-storey public market

b. Proposed three-storey parking facility

c. Proposed waiting shed/ bus stop

d. Materials Recovery Facility

e. Drainage Plan

f. Road Network

2. To present the design computation for structural components as required by the

National Building Code of the Philippines (NBCP), National Structural Code of

the Philippines 2015 (NSCP), DPWH Standards for Space Requirements for

Loading/Unloading in the Development Shopping Malls, Markets and similar

Facilities along National Roads and Design Guidelines, Criteria and Standard

Volume 6: Public Buildings and other Related Structures.

3. To produce the construction management of the project which includes:

a. Project Cost Estimate

b. Project Schedule of Works using Gantt Chart

c. S-Curve of the Project

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