Biology Notes Form 1 PDF Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF
Biology Notes Form 1 PDF Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF
Biology Notes Form 1 PDF Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF
functions
Explain the end products of the digestion of various
food
Explain the function of the colon
Explain the process of assimilation of food
substances
Write down the summary of chemical digestion in
alimentary canal
Write down the importance of vitamins in human
nutrition
Write down the sources of vitamins
State deficiency diseases of various vitamins
Write down the importance of mineral salts in
human nutrition
State the source of mineral salts
State the deficiency diseases of mineral salts
Write down the role of roughage in nutrition
Write down the role of water in nutrition
Discuss factors which determine energy
requirements in human beings
Participate in group discussions and present
findings on factors that determine energy
requirements in human beings
Introduction To Biology
Branches of Biology
Importance of Biology
Medicine,
Nutrition,
Public Health,
Dentistry,
Agriculture
Environmental Studies
Teaching
Nutrition
Respiration
Excretion
Irritability
Movement
• Hand gloves
• Sweep nets
• Pooters
• Traps
Observation of Organisms
seeds/stems/roots/leaves/fruits
How to Draw
Collection
Classification I Introduction
Kingdoms
• Monera,
• Protoctista,
• Fungi,
• Plantae
• Animalia
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Protoctista
Kingdom Animalia
Binomial Nomenclature
Practical Activities
• Number of legs
• Number of antennae
• Body covering
• Body parts
The Cell
Introduction
The microscope
Magnification
Cytoplasm:
vacuole
Cell wall:
• It is made of cellulose
Chloroplasts;
The Ribosomes
Goigi Bodies
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
The Nucleus
The Chloroplasts
Cell Specialisation
Cells are specialised to perform different functions in
both plants and animals
Example;
Plant Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
organism
Practical Activities
Cell Physiology
Permeability
• Physiological processes
Diffusion
Concentration Gradient
Temperature
Density
The denser the molecules or ions diffusing, the
slower the rate of diffusion, and vice versa
Medium
Distance
Osmosis
Concentration Gradient
Temperature
Pressure
Osmotic Pressure
Plasmolysis
Wilting
Haemolysis
Crenation
• Takes place when red blood cells are placed in
hypertonic solution
Active Transport
Availability of oxygen
Temperature
• Optimum temperature is required for respiration,
hence for active transport
Availability of carbohydrates
Metabolic poisons
Practical Activities
External Structure
Epidermis
Vascular Bundles
Functions
Process of Photosynthesis
Light-Stage
Dark Stage
• ATP
Light Intensity
Water
Chlorophyll
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
C6H12O6
Properties of Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Sucrose+water_--hydrolysis-----------------
glucose+fructose Properties of Disaccharides
• Sweet tasting
• Soluble in water
• Crystallisable
Polysaccharides
• Examples of polysaccharides:
Examples are:
Lipids
condensation
Properties
Functions of Lipids
Proteins
Formation of Proteins
Protective proteins
Respiratory pigments
Source of energy
Enzymes
Properties of Enzymes
Naming of enzymes
Oxidation - oxidase
Reduction - reductase
Hydrolysis - hydrolase
pH
Enzyme Concentration
Substrate Concentration
Enzyme Inhibitors
Co-factors
Nutrition in Animals=Heterotrophism
saprophytism
parasitism
Feeding in Mammals
Feeding in Mammals
• Teeth of Herbivores
Teeth of Carnivores
Teeth of Omnivores
• It is covered by enamel
Dental Carries
• Dental carries are the holes or cavities that are
formed as acid corrodes enamel and eventually the
dentine
Causes
Treatment
Periodontal Diseases
Treatment
Care of Teeth
• Mouth
• Oesophagus
• Stomach
Small intestines
Large intestines
Digestion in ileum
• Epithelial cells in ileum secrete intestinal juice, also
known as succus entericus
Absorption
• It is highly coiled
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Mineral Salts
Water
Functions of Water
hydrolysis