IMPACT 4.06.

00 26/06/2018

Chassis ID Path
56/Description, Design and function//Air supply, system description

Model Identity
UD-HDE 132053891

Publish date ID/Operation

07/08/2013

Air supply, system description

Air Supply, system description
Air supply schematic
Air supply overview
Unloading phase
Loading phase
Air cooling
Air drying
Regeneration
Priority charging
Dry air supply
Signalling

Components and their functions

Compressor
APU
Air tank
Foot brake valve
Relay valve
Load sensing relay valve
Parking brake
Quick release valve
ABS, solenoid valve
Trailer brake control valve
Trailer brake valve

Air Supply, system description

Air supply schematic
Schematic
1 Compressor

2 Spring brake chamber

3 Brake chamber

4 Load sensing relay valve, A

5 Foot brake valve, A

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the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.06.00 26/06/2018

6 Quick release valve, A

7 Double check valve

8 Check valve

9 Gauge two circuits

10 Low pressure indicator

11 Air tank

12 Electric pressure sender

13 Drain valve

15 Spring brake prot valve

16 Relay valve, A and B

25 Test connection

26 Parking brake secondary valve, B

27 Brake light switch

29 Trailer hand control

32 Auxiliary equipment

35 ABS solenoid valve

36 Trailer control valve, A and B

41 Air dryer and Governor, C

48 Wheel speed sensor

53 Valve_4 circuits_5 Gates

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.06.00 26/06/2018

Air supply overview

Air Supply is supplied from the compressor through the APU (Air Processing Unit) where it is dried
and distributed to the respective systems.
Suction is created in the compressor cylinder by the downward movement of the pistons. The suction
opens the compressor inlet valves. Inlet air that has been cleaned in the engine air filter flows into the
compressor cylinders. When the piston passes the BDC (Bottom Dead Centre) the inlet valves close,
and the air is compressed by the upward motion of the pistons. When the piston nears the TDC (Top
Dead Centre) the outlet valves are opened by the pressure in the cylinders, and the air flows out into
the compressed air system.
The compressed function can be divided into two phases:

Unloading phase
The compressor starts to feed the system, when the required pressure is reached in the system. A
pneumatic signal is sent to the compressor by the unloader valve and further charging of the system
is stopped.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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Loading phase
When the pressure falls below the pre-determined level, pneumatic signal is given to the depleted
compressor and the compressor starts to charge the system again.

Air cooling
The compressed air has a high temperature and is therefore fed through a cooling coil before
reaching the APU. The compressor can request the engine cooling fan to activate, and ensure that
the air is cooled sufficiently.

Air drying
APU removes the moisture from the compressed air and ensures the pneumatic system is dry even
after long charging periods.

Regeneration
Regeneration is performed by re-circulating a certain amount of air which is done to keep the
desiccant cartridge in the filter dry. Regeneration is done by means of a time switch arrangement in
the APU. Regeneration drains out any liquid from the air dryer.

Priority charging
Charging the system has the highest priority when the system pressure is less than 7.7 bar, and
regeneration has the highest priority when the pressure exceeds 9 bar. The air pressure in the
system has always sufficient pressure for the brake operation and auxiliary functions.

Dry air supply

The dry air is stored in the air tanks and is supplied to the inlet of the foot brake valve and the relay
valve. When the driver presses the pedal of the foot brake valve, the inlet is opened and the
compressed air is sent to the front and rear circuits.

Signalling
The compressed air in the front circuit is fed to the brake chambers through quick release valve and
the modulator valves. Foot brake valve sends signal to the control port of the relay valve. Relay valve
is used to speed up the brake apply and the release functions. The relay valve delivery is fed to the
modulator valves and then to the brake actuators.

Components and their functions

Compressor
The piston operated air compressor is used to provide the energy source (compressed air) for the
brake system. It is driven by the truck engine and operates when the engine is running. The size of
the compressor is selected in such way, to fulfill the air requirements of the vehicle for braking and
other auxiliary purposes. The compressor is driven by a gearwheel directly from the engine's timing
gears.

APU
APU is mechanically controlled, and is used to remove the oil and moisture from the compressed air.
Governor – unloader mechanism integrated regulates the system pressure, by removing the excess
Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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compressor delivery to the atmosphere when the system pressure is reached (cut-out pressure). The
governor mechanism recharges the system in the event of an pressure reduction (cut-in pressure).
System protection valve integrated helps to retain the pressurized air in the unfilled circuits in case of
failure in any one of the circuits.

Air tank
The basic function of the reservoir is to store the compressed air and hold for the brake applications.
Air tank also provides place for the air heated during the compression to cool and for the water
vapour to condense and collect. Manual or automatic drain valves should be provided to drain the
moisture and other contaminants from the air tank.

Foot brake valve

Brake application valve controls the braking level of the vehicle depending on the displacement and
the pedal force applied by the driver. Foot force on the treadle pushes the plunger down, moving the
internal valve parts and allowing air flow to the delivery ports of the valve and into the system. The
brake application valve also controls the service brake system of the trailer with the help of the trailer
control valve.

Relay valve
Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.06.00 26/06/2018

Relay valve acts as a remote control relay station to speed up the brake application and release.
Relay valve is usually located at the rear of the vehicle, close to the rear brake chambers to reduce
the apply response time.

Load sensing relay valve

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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Load sensing valve purpose is to adjust the brake line pressure according to the load. The valve does
this by varying the braking force available at the foundation brakes to avoid locking of the wheels on
the rear wheels. This is fastened to the frame by means of the lever attached to the axle.
When the load varies, the distance between the frame and the axle also varies. This causes the lever
to move the slider and regulates the pressure to the service brake chambers. This valve is normally
being used in the short wheel based vehicles to improve the rear wheel adhesion utilization during
braking.

Parking brake

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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Parking brake control valve is located in the cab to apply and release the parking brake of the vehicle.
This valve is used to control the air pressure in the spring brake chambers to gradually apply and
release the parking/hand brakes in proportion to the handle movement.

Quick release valve

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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The purpose of the quick release valve is to reduce the time required to release the brakes. When the
brakes are released, the exhaust of the quick release valve opens and the air pressure from the line
is exhausted. Quick release valve, thus avoids the exhaust air going all the way back through the
brake application valve. This valve is usually used in the rear parking and the front service circuits to
reduce the release response time.

(Antilock Braking System)ABS, solenoid valve

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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The electronic control unit compares the impulse signals from the wheels. If one or more wheels
shows a tendency to lock, the control unit will the send control signals to the solenoid control valves.
The solenoid valves regulate the braking pressure on the wheel that has tendency to lock up. The
electronic portion of the control unit constantly compares the impulse signals from the sensors, that is
due to the wheel rotational speed. The electronic portion then decides, when the solenoid valves
should pulse the braking pressure on each wheel.

Trailer brake control valve

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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This is hand operated similar to the parking brake, but intended for the trailer braking only. This is
another way to apply brake to the trailer.

Trailer brake valve

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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This brake can be applied by depressing the pedal and thus transmits braking effect to the trailer.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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